Black Americans killed by police twice as likely

to be unarmed as white people

The
figures illustrate how disproportionately black Americans, who make up just 13% of the countrys total
population according to census data, are killed by police. Composite: Guardian Design

Jon Swaine, Oliver Laughland and Jamiles Lartey in New York

Monday 1 June 2015

Guardian analysis finds 102 people killed by police so far this year were unarmed, and
that agencies are killing people at twice the rate calculated by US government
The Counted: people killed by police in the United States in 2015 interactive

Black Americans are more than twice as likely to be unarmed when killed during
encounters with police as white people, according to a Guardian investigationwhich
found 102 of 464 people killed so far this year in incidents with law enforcement
officers were not carrying weapons.
An analysis of public records, local news reports and Guardian reporting found that
32% of black people killed by police in 2015 were unarmed, as were 25% of Hispanic
and Latino people, compared with 15% of white people killed.

The findings emerged from a database filled by a five-month study of police fatalities in
the US, which calculated that local and state police and federal law enforcement
agencies are killing people at twice the rate calculated by the US governments official
public record of police homicides. The database names five people whose names
have not been publicly released.
The Guardians statistics include deaths after the police use of a Taser, deaths caused
by police vehicles and deaths following altercations in police custody, as well as those
killed when officers open fire. They reveal that 29% of those killed by police, or 135
people, were black. Sixty-seven, or 14%, were Hispanic/Latino, and 234, or 50%, were
white. In total, 102 people who died during encounters with law enforcement in 2015
were unarmed.
The figures illustrate how disproportionately black Americans, who make up just 13%
of the countrys total population according to census data, are killed by police. Of the
464 people counted by the Guardian, an overwhelming majority 95% were male,
with just 5% female.
Steven Hawkins, the executive director Amnesty International USA, described the
racial imbalance as startling. Hawkins said: The disparity speaks to something that
needs to be examined, to get to the bottom of why youre twice as likely to be shot if
youre an unarmed black male.

Relatives of unarmed people killed by police in high-profile incidents during the past
year including Michael Brown, Eric Garner, Tony Robinson and Walter Scott
described the Guardian project as a breakthrough in the national debate over the use
of deadly force by law enforcement.
Giving this kind of data to the public is a big thing, said Erica Garner, whose fathers
killing by police in New York City last year led to international protests. Other incidents
like murders and robberies are counted, so why not police-involved killings? With
better records, we can look at what is happening and what might need to change.
The initiative was also praised by a range of policing experts and by campaigners who
are urging government authorities to make the official recording of fatalities mandatory
for all 18,000 police departments and law enforcement agencies operating in the US.
Its troubling that we have no official data from the federal government, said Laurie
Robinson, the co-chair of Barack Obamas task force on 21st-century policing. I think
its very helpful, in light of that fact, to have this kind of research undertaken.

Beginning on Monday, the Guardian is publishing The Counted, a comprehensive

interactive database monitoring all police killings in the US through 16 data points
including age, location, gender, ethnicity, whether the person killed was armed and
which policing agency was responsible.
The Counted logs the precise location of each fatal incident, providing what is the
most detailed map of police killings ever published. California, Americas most
populous state, has the highest total with 74 fatalities so far this year.
However, an analysis of location data shows that Oklahoma, where 22 people have
died through encounters with law enforcement, is the state with the highest rate of
fatal incidents per person in 2015, at one fatality per 175,000 people over five months.
Over the weekend, Nehemiah Fischer, a 35-year-old pastor, was shot dead by an
Oklahoma state trooper after getting into a fight when told to evacuate his truck in
rising flood waters south of Tulsa. Police have said Fischer had a firearm but have not
explained whether he was armed during the confrontation.
The database, which will combine Guardian reporting with verified crowdsourced
information, has logged 464 police killings for the first five months of 2015. The US
governments record, which is run by the FBI, counted 461 justifiable homicides by
law enforcement in all of 2013, the latest year for which official data is available.
The vast majority of deaths recorded 408 were caused by gunshot. Of the 27
deaths that occurred after a Taser was deployed by law enforcement, all but one

involved an unarmed person.

On Sunday, Richard Davis, an unarmed black 50-year-old, died after being shocked
with a Taser by police in Rochester, New York. Davis was said by authorities to have
run from his truck towards officers with clenched fists after being told to put his hands
up following a crash. Relatives said he was a veteran of the US marines.
The Guardian has also identified 14 officer-involved deaths following altercations in
custody. The total includes Freddie Gray, the 25-year-old resident of Baltimore whose
death from a broken neck sustained in a police van led to protests, rioting and the
indictment of six city police officers.
Another 12 people died following collisions with law enforcement vehicles. The family
of Bernard Moore, who was 62, are calling for the criminal prosecution of an officer
who fatally struck Moore with his squad car in Atlanta, allegedly while speeding without
emergency lights or sirens on.
By logging each law enforcement agency involved in the 464 deaths, the Guardian
can also now report that the Los Angeles police department, the countrys third largest
local police department, has been involved in the highest number of deaths of any
local department. This year, 10 people have died in encounters with LAPD officers, of
whom five were unarmed.
The Oklahoma City police department and the Los Angeles sheriffs office were both
involved in five deaths, two individuals in both of these jurisdictions being unarmed.
High-profile cases in Los Angeles, like the death of unarmed Charly Africa Keunang,
shot dead by LAPD officers on 1 March in the citys homeless district of Skid Row,
garnered national attention.
But cases like those of Sergio Navas, an unarmed Hispanic man shot dead by LAPD
officers in the same month as Keunang, after police said he stole a vehicle and was
chased down, have had less media scrutiny. Navass family have launched an
excessive force lawsuit against the LAPD and accused them of a covering up the
circumstances of the 35-year-olds death.
The Guardian has also monitored whether mental health issues were identified, either
by family members, friends or police following each fatal encounter. In total 26% of
people killed by police exhibited some sort of mental illness, with at least 29 cases
identified where the person killed was suicidal.
For example, Monique Deckard, a black woman with a long history of mental illness,
was shot and killed by police officers in Anaheim, California, after she was accused of
stabbing a woman at a laundromat and allegedly charging at officers. Her family had
called police just hours before the attack, warning that they could not get in contact
with her and that she might be trying to find a gun.
The average age of a person killed by police in 2015 was 37, but The Counted
identifies a huge diversity in the ages of those killed.

The oldest, 87-year-old Louis Becker, was killed during a collision with a New York
state trooper patrol car in upstate New York. Eighty-two-year-old Richard Buddy
Weaver was killed by Oklahoma City police after he allegedly raised a machete at an
officer who opened fire; neighbors later described Weaver as having schizophrenia.
The three youngest people identified were all 16 years old. Adonte Washington, a
black American, was shot dead by Millbrook police officers in Arizona on 23 February
during an alleged burglary after the teenager was described as pointing a weapon at
arriving officers. His family have questioned the police narrative, while the city mayor
described the shooting as 110% justified.
A week earlier, on 14 February, Jason Hendrix, a white 16-year-old was shot dead in a
gunfight by Baltimore County police after the teenager murdered his mother, father
and sister in Corbin, Kentucky, and drove to Maryland, where he is reported to have
opened fire on an officer after a car chase. Six returned fire and killed him.
A month later, on 19 March, black 16-year-old Kendre Alston was shot dead by a
deputy of the Jacksonville sheriffs office in Florida. Police claimed Alston fled from a
stolen car and brandished a weapon at the pursuing official who then opened fire.
Deneane Campbell, Alstons mother, claimed in an interview two weeks later she had
not been given any further details by police.
Some relatives of people killed by police said they had been unaware of the dearth of
publicly available information on police-involved fatalities until their family became
affected. Anthony Scott, whose brother Walter was shot dead in April by police officer
Michael Slager in North Charleston, South Carolina, said the lack of public information
came as a surprise.
I was not informed, I was not aware, I just had an idea these situations were
happening in the United States, Scott told the Guardian. The public need to know
what is happening and be made more informed. With them being more informed they
would be able to react differently, in a positive way, to make changes, to make sure
some of these things dont happen again.
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explore the interactive database

Posted by Thavam