UNIT 1

Present, Past, and Future Forms

Activity 33Talking about the Future with Present Forms
1. A:
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When is your flight tomorrow?

I think it leaves at 6, but Im not sure.
Nonstop flight?
No, I change in London.
Do you have a long layover?
No, only two hours.
Oh, thats not bad.
Are you going to the meeting next week?
Yes, I plan to.
What time does it start?
At 7.
Are you doing anything special this weekend?
Um, I already have plans for Saturday, but Im free on Sunday.
Great. Theres a concert in the afternoon. Interested?
Sure.
It starts at 3, so Ill come by at 2.
OK.
Whens the last day of school?
June 15.
Is that a Friday?
No, its a Wednesday.
Are you going to the concert tonight?
Yeah. What time does it begin?
Let me check.

Activity 34Present or Future?

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When are you leaving?

At noon.
Why are you yelling at me?
Im not yelling.
Yes, you are.
Whos coming to dinner tonight?
I dont know yet.
I see youre leaving.
Yes, its late.
What are you doing tomorrow?
Im not sure.
Im having a picnic after the semester ends. Can you come?
Thanks, Id love to.
Davids designing a new instrument to play in the orchestra.
Really? I thought professional musicians played old instruments!
James thinks I need a new project to work on.
But arent you already writing a book?
Is your phone working?

Unit 1 ELEMENTS of SUCCESS Student Book 3

B: Sure, why do you ask?

10.A: You know Im going back to work in the fall.
B: I know. Well both be really busy then.

Grammar Chart 1.9 Using Present Forms in Speaking

See Student Book 3 page 30.

Activity 38Using Contractions

(emphasize contractions)
1. Q: Whatre you doing?
A: Nothing special. Im just taking a break. (e)
2. Q: Whats the matter?
A: I think Im going to lose my job. (g)
3. Q: Whens she leaving?
A: Tomorrow. Shes taking the noon train tomorrow. (d)
4. Q: How fars your house from here?
A: Its just around the corner. (j)
5. Q: Whens the next exam?
A: Its on the fifth. Thats a Friday. (c)
6. Q: Wherere my shoes?
A: Theyre in the closet. (i)
7. Q: How fars Tokyo from here?
A: Im not sure, but its closer than Beijing. (h)
8. Q: Whore you calling?
A: My brother. Hes in Toronto this week. (f)
9. Q: Whyre you always yelling at me?
A: Because youre always misbehaving. (b)
10.Q: How longre they going to be there?
A: Not long. I think theyre coming back in a week. (a)

Unit 1 ELEMENTS of SUCCESS Student Book 3

UNIT 2
Perfect Forms
Activity 6 Pronunciation Note: Simple Past or Present Perfect?
See Student Book 3 page 46.

Activity 7 Simple Past or Present Perfect?

1. Hes lost a lot of weight.
2. Theyve decided to go.
3. We talked about it.
4. I liked that house.
5. The games started.
6. Ive watched several movies.
7. We decided not to go.
8. Hes made a lot of new friends there.
9. Shes changed her phone number.
10. Weve waited an hour for them.
11.Ive wanted to go there.
12.Shes called him.
13.Hes saved a lot of money.
14. They sold their house.

Grammar Chart 2.6 Using Perfect Forms in Speaking

See Student Book 3 page 62.

Activity 27 Omitting Have and Has in Conversation

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You always lived here?

No, I lived in California before this.
How long you been here?
Not long. Just a few minutes.
You been OK?
Yeah, not bad.
How are you?
Never been better.
You been here before?
No. Have you?
Where you been?
At the library.
You been outside yet?
No, why?
It snowed last night.
Seen any good movies lately?
No, I havent. What about you?
No, I havent either.
You heard about Amanda?
No, what?
Shes going to marry some guy named Joe.
She known him long?

Unit 2 ELEMENTS of SUCCESS Student Book 3

A:
10.A:
B:
A:

Oh, I dont know. A year or so.

Anyone spoken to James recently?
No, why?
I think he has a surprise for all of you.

Activity 28 Dictation
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Shes gotten sick again.

Shes got a new car.
Ive gotten better at this.
Ive got a better one.
Hes gotten good at it.
Hes gotten into trouble again.
Theyve got another house.
Weve got to go.

Unit 2 ELEMENTS of SUCCESS Student Book 3

Unit 3
Modals
Activity 33 Pronunciation Note: Modal + Have
See Student Book 3 page 89.

Activity 34 Using Could Have, Would Have, and Should Have

1. Marcia should have come to dinner with us.
2. She couldnt have saved enough money.
3. I would have gone with you.
4. You could have gone out for the team.
5. They wouldnt have been ready.
6. He shouldnt have said that.
7. She would have liked that.
8. You couldnt have been surprised.
9. He should have asked me.
10. She wouldnt have done that.
11. You could have texted me.
12. Carlos would have done it.

Grammar Chart 3.11 Using Modals in Conversation: Modals for Social

Purposes
See Student Book 3 page 100.

Unit 3 ELEMENTS of SUCCESS Student Book 3

Unit 4
The Passive
Activity 6 Pronunciation Note: Sentence Rhythm
See Student Book 3 page 113.

Activity 7 Pronouncing Passive Sentences

1. a. John finished it.

b. It was finished by John.
2. a. A switch turns on the light.
b. The lights are turned on by a switch.
3. a. Toni Morrison wrote the novel Sula.
b. The novel Sula was written by Toni Morrison.
4. a. The workers are cleaning the streets today.
b. The streets are being cleaned by the workers today.
5. a. The storm destroyed the house.
b. The house was destroyed by the storm.
6. a. A friend introduced them.
b. They were introduced by a friend.
7. a. Their employer is organizing a conference.
b. A conference is being organized by their employer.
8. a. The committee has recently honored Dr. Bell.
b. Dr. Bell has recently been honored by the committee.
9. a. One of his students made the furniture.
b. The furniture was made by one of his students.
10.a. Scientists have discovered other stars with planets.
b. Other stars with planets have been discovered by scientists.

Activity 11 Identifying the Agent

1. The city of Chicago was founded in 1830 and grew quickly to become an
important transportation center. Then, in 1871 much of the city was destroyed
by a fire that began in a small barn on De Koven Street.
2. According to local police, a swimmer off Jones Beach was hurt by a shark early
this morning. The beach will remain closed until authorities can be sure it is safe
for swimmers.
3. Today were going to look at changes to the city of Lucca, Italy, from an urban
development point of view. In the 1800s, the city was surrounded by a park that
amazingly is still there today.
4. One of the most successful movies this year has been ignored by the critics--and
for good reason. It's a terrible movie--despite having some very good actors.
5. Passive-solar heating is simply using the sun to heat a building. The house in this
picture is heated entirely by the sun. Notice the south-facing windows that allow
the low-angled winter sun to enter the house.
6. The Patriots returned home today after a victory in Saturdays game in San
Francisco. The team members were met by a crowd of cheering fans that
followed them through the streets of the city.

Unit 4 ELEMENTS of SUCCESS Student Book 3

7. The winning piece of music at the Longwood International Piano Competition was
a piano sonata called Mexican Landscape. Believe it or not, the music was
written by a ten-year-old girlSamantha Rogriquez.
8. According to local authorities, a man was attacked by a dog while walking in
Bryant Park yesterday. Police are warning residents to use extra care when they
are in the park.

Activity 25 Listening for Past Participles

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B:
2. A:
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Whats the matter? You look bored.

I am. Theres nothing to do.
What happened to this chair? Its all wet.
Yeah, it was left outside in the rain last night.
Look. Youve made your sister cry. You should be ashamed!
Sorry, Mom.
I hear your brother didnt get that job.
Yeah. They gave it to someone with more experience.
He must have been very disappointed.
Yeah, he was.
Why are you so worried about money?
Because I dont have any.
Thats a good answer.
Do you want to go with us to the lecture?
Thanks, but no thanks. Im really not interested.
Its getting late. Are you dressed?
Im just putting on my shoes.
OK. Ill wait for you downstairs.
How did your speech go?
It was all right. At least the audience seemed satisfied.
Did you hear? Carlos and Sarah are getting married.
Im not surprised. Theyve been talking about Itfor months.
Are you going to the conference next spring?
I hadnt thought about it. Where is it being held?
In London.
I heard there was an accident last night.
Yeah, a car went through a red light and hit another car.
Was anyone hurt?
Luckily, no.

Grammar Chart 4.7 Using the Passive in Speaking

See Student Book 3 page 130.

Activity 27 Listening for Get Passives

1. A:
B:
A:
B:
2. A:
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3. A:
B:

Did you hear about the accident?

Yeah, it was on the news.
Did anyone get hurt?
I dont think so.
Why dont you stay home today?
Are you kidding? I could get fired.
Why are you driving so slowly?
Because Ive already gotten stopped by the police once today.

Unit 4 ELEMENTS of SUCCESS Student Book 3

4. A:
B:
A:
5. A:
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6. A:
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11.A:
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12.A:
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Why are you celebrating?

Because Toshi just got promoted.
Really? Thats great!
Whats that smell?
I think its the trash. It didnt get taken out yesterday.
What are you looking for?
My dark blue shirt.
Look in the closet. It just got washed.
Do you know if the lights got turned off?
Yeah, Im pretty sure they did.
How did you break the window?
I didnt do it. Why do I get blamed for everything?
I wonder why we havent received those books yet. Its been three weeks.
Maybe they got sent to the wrong address.
Can I borrow some money?
Again? I thought you just got paid
I did but I had some bills to pay.
Are you going to vote tomorrow?
Yes, but Im not sure why. No one I vote for gets elected.
Dont forget to wash the car today.
Im not sure I can do it today. Is tomorrow OK?
As long as it gets done this week, Im happy.

Unit 4 ELEMENTS of SUCCESS Student Book 3

Unit 6
Adverb Clauses
Activity 17 Pronunciation Note: Contrasting Information
See Student Book 3 page 186.

Activity 18 Noticing Contrasting Words

(emphasize the italicized words while speaking)
1. Even though shes older, shes not really any wiser.
2. While it may help to take vitamins, its not absolutely necessary.
3. Someday I may want to move although I doubt it.
4. Even though I can understand Spanish, I cant speak it.
5. He was kind to me even though I didnt deserve it.
6. I live a quiet life although Im really a city person.
7. I respect your decision even though I dont like it.
8. Although I disagree with many of the changes, Im willing to try them out.
9. Even though I dislike politics, I think its important to vote.
10. While solar panels are a good source of energy, theyre very ugly.
11. Although I dont like loud music, I love listening to modern jazz.
12. I rarely get any exercise even though I know I should.

Grammar Chart 6.9 Using Adverb Clauses in Speaking

See Student Book 3 page 202

Activity 42 Using Real Conditionals in Conversation

1. A: Why do we have to spend so much money on this?
B: We can talk about it. (pause) If you want.
A: I dont think theres anything to talk about. (pause) Because we cant really
afford it.
2. A: How long have you lived here?
B: Since I was thirteen.
3. A: How are you doing?
B: Since the last time we talked? (pause) I dont know. Could be better.
4. A: How did you know Amanda was lying?
B: Because she wouldnt look at me.
5. A: Do you think I should drive or take the train?
B: Take the train. Definitely take the train.
A: Okay. If you think I should.
B: I do. I really do.
6. A: This is a great place for a vacation.
B: I told you it was.
A: I know but I was hoping I wouldnt enjoy it. You know why?
B: Because youre crazy?
7. A: Im getting bored! When can we go?
B: Whenever youre ready.
8. A: I have something to tell you about James. (pause) If youre interested.
B: Of course I am! What is it?
9. A: Can we have pizza for dinner again tonight?
B: I suppose so. If you insist.
Unit 6 ELEMENTS of SUCCESS Student Book 3

Activity 44 Softening a Request or Statement

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Do you mind if I turn down the music?

No, please, go ahead.
Anna seems really distracted and I dont know why.
If you want, I can talk to her.
Im leaving for the bank.
Okay if I come along?
Im going to study here if Im not in your way.
No, please.
If youll excuse me, I have to make a phone call.
Talk to you later then.
I dont think I want to work tonight.
Look, if youre not up for it, thats okay.
This is delicious.
Thanks. You could have a little more, if you want.
If I may have a word, Mr. Jones . . .
Please, Tom, come in, come in.
Hey! Lets go see a movie.
Hmm. If you dont mind, could we get some food instead? I havent eaten.
If you have a moment, Id like to talk to you.
Sure. How can I help?

Activity 45 Using What If and Not If

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B:
2. A:
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3. A:
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Are you going to work at home today?

Not if I dont have to.
I dont feel like cooking tonight.
What if we go out instead?
Sounds good to me.
What happened to your car?
A car ran into it.
Wow! What if you hadnt had your seatbelt on?
Yeah, I know. It would have been bad.
Is there any cake left?
Yeah, one piece -- but its mine.
Not if I get there first.
Stop! Theres a car coming!
Yikes! Hes going fast.
Thats crazy. What if I hadnt seen him?
I would have hit him for sure.
Do I have time for a shower before we leave?
Not if you want to get there on time.
Will you lend me some money?
What if I refuse?
Then Ill tell Dad about the scratch on the car.
Whats the matter?
Im just nervous. Im afraid Im going to forget everything.
Not if you stay relaxed.
What time do you want to leave?
What if I pick you up at eight?
Sounds good to me.

Unit 6 ELEMENTS of SUCCESS Student Book 3

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UNIT 7
Nouns and Pronouns
Activity 11 Pronunciation Note: Reduced Words
See Student Book 3 page 221.

Activity 12 Pronouncing Reduced Words

1. Why dont you let her answer? (pronounce her as er)

2. Did you tell her the truth? (pronounce her as er)
3. Has she forgotten her promise? (pronounce her as er)
4. Did her boss call you? (pronounce her as er)
5. Do you know where he is? (pronounce he as e)
6. Why doesnt he leave? (pronounce he as e)
7. Is he absent because hes sick? (pronounce he as e)
8. Where are his parents? (pronounce his as is)
9. Can I have his phone number? (pronounce his as is)
10. Do you know his name? (pronounce his as is)
11. What made him angry? (pronounce him as im)
12. Whos standing behind him? (pronounce him as im)
13. Did you give him the book? (pronounce him as im)
14. Have you seen them? (pronounce them as em)
15. Did you get them a present? (pronounce them as em)
16. Where did she meet them? (pronounce them as em)

Activity 13 Listening for Reduced Words

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B:
2. A:
B:
3. A:
B:
4. A:
B:
5. A:
B:
6. A:
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7. A:
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10.A:
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11.A:
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12.A:

What did you say to Jim?

I told him to come back later. (pronounce him as im)
Have you seen Paula today?
No, but I saw her yesterday. (pronounce her as er)
Do you know Tom and Ron?
Ive met them, but I dont know them very well. (pronounce them as em)
Hows your new boss?
Everyone likes her a lot. (pronounce her as er)
Are you in touch with Andrew?
No, but I talk to his brother every day. (pronounce his as is)
What should I say?
I think you should tell him the truth. (pronounce him as im)
Would you mind taking your brothers to the movie?
But I dont want to go with them. (pronounce them as em)
Can my friend Steve come too?
If he wants to. (pronounce he as e)
Why isnt Sarah here?
I asked her to come, but her parents are visiting. (pronounce her as er)
Hows your new teacher?
I think hes great. (pronounce hes as es)
Mr. Evans is waiting for you.
How long has he been here? (pronounce he as e)
Where are Tim and Lisa?

Unit 7 ELEMENTS of SUCCESS Student Book 3

11

B:
13.A:
B:
14.A:
B:

I dont know. Can you call them? (pronounce them as em)

Why did you tell them I got a new job? (pronounce them as em)
I didnt know it was a secret.
What did you think of Lisa?
I dont know. I only spent a few minutes with her. (pronounce her as er)

Activity 15 Pronunciation Note: Possessive Pronouns

See Student Book 3 page 222.

Activity 16 Pronouncing Possessive Pronouns

1. A:
B:
2. A:
B:
3. A:
B:
A:
4. A:
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5. A:
B:
A:
6. A:
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7. A:
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8. A:
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Is this my book?
No, its mine.
Whose book is this?
Its mine.
Is this Stellas computer?
No, she told me it was yours.
Well, its definitely not mine.
I forgot to bring my homework.
Yeah, I forgot mine, too.
Heres Toms book.
But this isnt his.
If its not his, then whose is it?
Why is Cathy wearing your coat?
Because she doesnt like hers.
Do you want to take my car?
No, I can use mine.
But yours needs gas.
So when are they getting married?
I dont know. The decision is theirs.

Activity 36 Pronunciation Note: Compound Nouns

See Student Book 3 page 235.

Activity 37 Pronouncing Compound Nouns

(stress the capitalized word)

1. medical discovery, She made an important medical discovery. (adjective + noun)

2. running water, Do you hear running water? (adjective + noun)
3. BLOOD pressure, She has high BLOOD pressure. (compound noun)
4. personal story, He told a personal story. (adjective + noun)
5. TEXT message, She sent everyone a TEXT message. (compound noun)
6. WEATHER forecast, The WEATHER forecast is on at noon. (compound noun)
7. difficult problem, This is a difficult problem to solve. (adjective + noun)
8. AIR pollution, The AIR pollution in the summer is terrible. (compound noun)
9. nervous tension, He has a lot of nervous tension. (adjective + noun)
10. FOOD sources, We need better FOOD sources. (compound noun)

Activity 38 Identifying Compound Nouns

See Student Book 3 pages 236-237.

Unit 7 ELEMENTS of SUCCESS Student Book 3

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Activity 45 Listening for This and That in Conversation

1. Employee:
Sorry Im late. My car broke down.
Employer:
Is that so?
Employee:
Yeah, um, I had to take the bus.
2. Employee:
I need to take a few days off. Weve had a death in the family.
Employer:
Im so sorry to hear that.
3. Employee 1: I think we should send everyone an email.
Employee 2: That makes a lot of sense.
4. Employee 1: Did you hear the boss is quitting?
Employee 2: I cant believe that.
Employee 1: Its true.
5. Employee:
Is there anything else I can do before I leave?
Employer:
No, thats all.
6. Employee 1: Guess what? We have to work late again tonight.
Employee 2: Oh, no. I cant take this anymore.
7. Employee:
I heard youre leaving the company.
Employer:
Thats news to me.
8. Official: May I see your documents, please.
Passenger: Is this really necessary?
Official: Yes, Im required to check all identification.

Chart 7.9 Using Nouns and Pronouns in Speaking

See Student Book 3 page 244.

Activity 49 Recognizing Vague Words

1. A:
B:
A:
2. A:
B:
A:
3. A:
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A:
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4. A:
B:
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5. A:
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6. A:
B:
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B:

Can you get me that doohickey over there?

You mean the stapler?
Yeah, right, the stapler.
This is a strange thingy. Do you know what its for?
I think its for opening a jar.
Hmmm. Interesting.
Do you know anyone with a folding table?
I think whatshername has one.
Whos that?
You know, whatshername. Dons sister.
You mean Sylvia?
Right. Sylvia.
Can you get me that thingamajig from the garage?
What thingamajig?
You know, the funny thing with metal fingers. You use it in the garden.
Oh yeah. I know what you mean.
Do you have one of those whatchmacallits to put under the door?
What are you talking about?
You know, one of those things you put under the door to keep the cold air out.
Oh, yeah, one of those. I dont think we have one.
Was Bill there today?
Yeah, he came with his friend, whatshisname.
You mean Tom?
Yeah, Tom.

Activity 50 Using Pronouns in Tag Questions

Unit 7 ELEMENTS of SUCCESS Student Book 3

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1. A:
B:
2. A:
B:
3. A:
B:
4. A:
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That was a great meal, wasnt it?

Yeah, wonderful.
Your sister isnt coming, is she?
No, I dont think so.
That was really funny, wasnt it?
Yeah, sure. I guess so.
Anns really nice, isnt she?
Yeah, the best.
That was your idea, wasnt it?
I cant remember.
You were here yesterday, werent you?
Yeah, all day.
John seemed nervous, didnt he?
Yeah, a little bit.
Cold today, isnt it?
Yeah, freezing.
The test was hard, wasnt it?
Not really.
Your parents are coming, arent they?
Yes, and my grandparents, too.
Your brother didnt go, did he?
No, he stayed at home.
Time for lunch, isnt it?
Absolutely.

Unit 7 ELEMENTS of SUCCESS Student Book 3

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UNIT 8
Determiners
Activity 40 Describing Amounts with Measure Words
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Next weeks weather could cause a load of trouble.

Ive seen this film hundreds of times.
A handful of people came to protest the event.
Im supposed to get a ton of money at the end of the month.
I dont want to go see the boss. Hes just going to give me a mountain of extra
work to do.
6. When I went to the store, there were a bunch of people already waiting in line.
7. My job started out slow at first, but now Im getting a ton of business.
8. I have a pile of unpaid bills. What am I going to do?
9. Everyone appreciates a little bit of kindness.
10. Theyve made a website that has a bunch of information on it.
11. The computers at the public library have loads of kid-friendly software.
12. A bunch of us are going to the movie at 3:00 on Saturday.
13. The writing center is there for students who need a bit of help.
14. Last year I got piles of tomatoes from my garden.
15. I have hundreds of papers to write before the end of the semester.

Unit 8 ELEMENTS of SUCCESS Student Book 3

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Unit 9
Noun Phrases
Activity 24: Pronunciation Note: Of
See Student Book 3 page 307.

Activity 25: Pronouncing Of

1. Do we usually have class in the middle of the day? (pronounce middle of the
day as middle-a-the day)
2. Are you the owner of a red car?
3. How many years of education have you had?
4. Who is the author of your favorite book?
5. What day of the week is it? (pronounce day of the week as day-a-the week)
6. Do you ever watch the end of a movie first?
7. Do you know the rules of basketball? (pronounce rules of basketball as rules-abasketball)
8. Are you a member of any organizations?
9. Have you ever left before the end of a movie?
10 Are you worried about the state of the economy? (pronounce state of the as
state-a-the)
11. Are you excited about the future of the country? (pronounce future of the as
future-a-the)
12. What was the result of the last election? (pronounce result of the as result-athe)
13. Whats on the cover of this textbook? (pronounce cover of this as cover-athis)
14. Whats the name of the school? (pronounce name of the as name-a-the)
15. Is anyone in your family the parent of a new baby?
16. Do you have a good sense of humor? (pronounce sense of as sense-a)
17. Is there a museum of art in your city?
18. What is the definition of angry?
19. How many hours of work did you do last week? (pronounce hours of work as
hours-a-work)
20. What is your favorite time of year? (pronounce time of year as time-a-year)

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Unit 10
Adjective Clauses
Activity 28 Using Adjective Clauses with That + Preposition
1. A:
B:
2. A:
B:
3. A:
B:
4. A:
B:
5. A:
B:
6. A:
B:
7. A:
B:
8. A:
B:
9. A:
B:
10.
B:

Is that the car you came in?

Yeah, it is. Its my brothers.
Well be discussing solar energy.
Oh, good. Thats something Im interested in.
Why is James so happy?
He finally got that computer hes been saving up for.
What did you get your brother for his birthday?
Oh, no. I knew there was something I had forgotten about.
Whats the name of that song you were listening to yesterday?
Im not sure. It was on the radio.
You look worried.
Yeah. I just took a test that I wasnt prepared for.
Whos that guy John was shouting at?
His name is Matt. I dont know why John is so mad at him.
You seem kind of nervous.
Yeah. A project that I contributed to is being graded today.
I dont think I did very well on that quiz.
The quiz isnt important. Its next weeks test you should be worried about!
A: Look! Theres the hotel that we stayed in last time.
Really? I dont think so

Grammar Chart 10.9 Using Adjective Clauses in Speaking

See Student Book 3 page 347.

Activity 32 Referring to an Earlier Idea

1. A: Rob just bought a boat, which is pretty surprising.

B: I know! Hes always saying he doesnt have any money.
2. A: They said the gift will arrive tomorrow, which is possible, I guess.
B: But you just ordered it!
3. A: I spent the whole day working in the garden, which was really relaxing.
B: Ha! That doesnt sound very relaxing to me.
4. A: Sams out sick again, which means that I have to do all of his work.
B: Oh, thats too bad.
5. A: Were supposed to bring the textbook on the first day of class, which I cant do
because mine hasnt arrived yet.
B: Really? Mine came two weeks ago.
6. A: They want us to be there at 5:00, which is too early for me.
B: Thats right. You work til 4:30, dont you?
7. A: This trip is becoming very expensive, which is why I didnt want to come in the
first place.
B: I know. But were here, so we may as well make the best of it.
8. A: I got a 91 on the test, which is the best Ive done all semester.
B: Congratulations!
9. A: Anna is an hour late, which means that her car probably broke down.

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B:
10.A:
to
B:

She really needs to get a new one.

If they beat the Lions next week, which isnt very likely, they can still make it
the championship.
Well, lets hope for the best!

Activity 33 Noticing Adjective Clauses as Responses

1. A:
B:
2. A:
B:
3. A:
B:
4. A:
B:
5. A:
B:
6. A:
B:
7. A:
B:
8. A:
B:
9. A:
B:

She said shed be here at 6.

Which isnt very likely. Shes always late.
I heard they promoted Lonnie to manager.
Which is the smartest thing theyve ever done. Shes great.
This coffee is terrible.
Which is why I always order tea at this place!
Jake said that he cant help us with the project.
Which probably means that he doesnt want to help.
We have to finish the presentation by Friday.
Which doesnt give us much time. We need to get to work now.
Alan never showed up yesterday.
Which doesnt sound like him at all. I wonder whats going on.
Emma left all of her dirty dishes in the sink.
Which really shouldnt surprise you. Shes kind of a slob.
It says here that he only attended school for two years.
Which is hard to believe. Hes so brilliant.
The new printer broke down already.
Which is what I told you would happen if you bought the cheap one.

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Unit 11
Gerunds and To- Infinitives
Activity 15 Using Gerunds as Objects
Jonas Salk
19141995
Jonas Salk is among the most admired medical scientists of the twentieth century.
He initially planned on becoming a lawyer, but he became interested in studying
biology and chemistry and ended up attending New York University medical
school. There, in 1938, he began working with the scientist Thomas Francis, Jr.,
who was looking for a flu vaccine. Together they developed a flu vaccine for the
army to use during World War II.
In 1947, Salk became the head of the Virus Research Lab at the University of
Pittsburgh. He felt the flu vaccine could be better, so he concentrated on
improving it. He also began to study polio virus with hopes of creating a vaccine
against polio as well. With help from the research of many other scientists, Salk
succeeded in developing a polio vaccine. In 1952, he vaccinated his first
volunteers, including himself, his wife, and their three sons. No one became ill,
and in that same year, thousands of children started receiving the polio vaccine.

Grammar Chart 11.12 Using Gerunds and To- Infinitives in Speaking

See Student Book 3 page 387.

Activity 45 Answering Questions with a To- Infinitive

1. A:
B:
2. A:
B:
3. A:
B:
4. A:
B:
5. A:
B:
6. A:
B:
7. A:
B:
A:
B:
8. A:
B:
A:
9. A:
B:
10.A:

Why are you calling Matt again?

To ask him a question.
Why are you going out so early?
To get some exercise.
Why did you turn the TV back on?
To hear the weather report.
Why did you want to see me?
Just to talk.
Where'd Sam go?
To buy something for dinner.
What are you going to use all these rocks for?
To build a wall.
Do you need some help?
To do what?
To clean up the kitchen.
Sure. I'd love some help.
Can I use the car today?
What for?
Just to go to the store.
What do you need to go to the store for?
To get some eggs.
What do you need eggs for?

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B: To make a cake.

Activity 46 Noticing To- infinitives in Conversation

1. A:
B:
2. A:
B:
3. A:
B:
4. A:
B:
5. A:
B:
6. A:
B:
7. A:
B:
8. A:
B:

Do you want to do something tonight?

Sure, Id love to.
Did you go for a swim?
No, I was afraid to.
Can you help me with this?
Sure, Id be glad to.
Did you stop at the grocery store?
No, I didnt need to.
Did you play tennis?
No, I didnt want to.
Do you want to join us for lunch?
Id love to but Ive already eaten.
Were going for coffee. Want to come?
Id like to but I dont have time.
Did you get hold of Anna?
I tried to but shes not at home.

Activity 47 Using Gerunds in Conversation

1. A:
B:
A:
B:
2. A:
B:
A:
B:
3. A:
B:
A:
B:
4. A:
B:
A:
5. A:
B:
A:
6. A:
B:
A:
7. A:
B:
A:
8. A:
B:
A:
B:

Would you mind helping me with this?

Helping you with what?
Moving this table.
Oh, sure.
Did you postpone going again?
Going where?
To register the car.
Oh, no. I forgot.
Dont you love watching this?
Watching what?
The ice skating.
Oh, is there ice skating on TV?
I wish you would stop doing that.
Doing what?
Changing the channel every ten seconds.
I hate reading about this.
Reading about what?
The economy. Im sick of it.
When are you going to start cleaning?
Cleaning what?
You know. The garage.
I really dont enjoy doing this.
Doing what? You mean cleaning the windows?
Right.
Did you finish doing everything?
What do you mean?
You know. Doing the dishes and putting away the food.
Yeah, everythings done.

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Unit 12
Noun Clauses and Related Forms
Activity 15 Using That Clauses in Conversation
1. A:
B:
2. A:
B:
3. A:
B:
4. A:
B:
5. A:
B:
6. A:
B:
7. A:
B:
8. A:
B:
9. A:
B:
10.A:
B:

You can leave now.

I know I can. I just need to finish one thing.
Its late. We should go.
I suppose we should.
Is this too expensive?
I think it is.
Shall I call Nick?
No, I think hell call us later.
Its already noon. Wheres the train?
I hope it isnt late.
Is there a bank near here?
I believe theres one.
Wheres Amy?
I suppose shes coming later.
I love my job.
I imagine you do.
Im hungry!
I guess I am, too.
Joes getting married.
I know he is. I heard.

Activity 16 Omitting That in Conversation

1. A:
B:
2. A:
B:
3. A:
B:
4. A:
B:
5. A:
B:
6. A:
B:
7. A:
B:
8. A:
B:
9. A:
B:
10.A:
B:

What did Professor Cook just say?

He explained that we need to summarize the text.
You dont look good. Are you tired?
Yes, I suppose I am.
Why are you keeping that old watch?
I guess I just like it.
Mary seems really mad at you.
I know. I understand that shes upset, but I was trying to help.
This coffee tastes awful!
I guess its gotten cold.
Is there a pool at the hotel?
I really hope there is.
What did the driver say?
He argued that it wasnt his fault. It was an accident.
Did you hear Joeys news?
Yes, I heard hed been promoted.
What did you do when she asked you to help her?
I just replied that I was too busy.
I think we should call the police.
Hmm. I guess so.

Grammar Chart 12.10 Using Noun Clauses in Speaking

See Student Book 3 page 422.

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