A Scalene triangle has all the sides and angles different.

Isosceles triangle has two sides equal in

length and two equal angles. A congruent triangle has the same shape and same size. An oblique
triangle the axis is at a slant to the base. An oblique pyramid is one which has its axis not
perpendicular to its base. The height of the oblique pyramid is the height perpendicular to the base.
The kite has no parallel sides. In a rhombus all sides are equal in length with no angles 90 and
which diagonals are perpendicular and bisect each other. A quadrilateral which has only 2 parallel
sides is a trapezoid.
1
2

Triangle area =

Circle area =

baseheight

Circumference2
4

= r

Circle circumference = 2r
Cone surface curved area = rh
Cone volume =

1
3

r 2h

Cylinder surface area = dh = 2rh

2
Cylinder volume = r h

Area of parallelogram = base height

1
3

Pyramid volume =

Sphere volume =

4
3

b h

2
Sphere Surface Area = 4 r

1 imperial gallon = 4.5 litres

1 inch = 2.54cm = 25.4mm
1 knot = 1.15MPH
1 pound = 0.4536kg
1 litre = 1.76 pints

Supplementary angles add up to 180. Acute angle is always less than 90. Complimentary angles
always add up to 90. Obtuse angle is greater than 90 but less than 180. Reflex angles are greater

than 180 but less than 360. The sum of the interior angles of a polygon with n sides is
180(n2) . The sum of the external angles of any polygon is 360.
To find the median: arrange the numbers in order, and take the middle number.
To find the mode: the number that occurs the most.
The sum of an odd and even number is always odd. The sum of an odd number and an odd number
is even.
Millibar is the unit of pressure.
One of the square roots of a positive number is positive. The other square root is negative. You can
take cube roots of negative numbers. You cannot take square roots of negative numbers. The
2
quadratic equation which is satisfied by the real roots x=6, x=9 is x 54 x+ 15=0 . If the
2
quadratic equation 2 x +kx 8=0 has real roots, then k

In the fraction

is an imaginary number.

6
=2 , 6 = numerator (dividend), 3 = denominator (divisor), 2 = the quotient.
3

The process of removing roots from the denominator of fractions is called Rationalizing the
denominator.
log 1=0, log 10=1, log 100=2, log1,000=3, log 10,000=4
log 9=log 32=2 log 3
log

log A +log B=log AB

log 0.1=1

A
=log Alog B
B

Locus points plotted equidistant from a central point, represents the circumference. A line to create
a segment from the centre of a circle is a diameter.
One radian is the angle subtended at the centre of a circle when the arc-length formed between two
radial lines is equal in length to the radius.
An arc is a straight line which goes from one point on the circumference to another.
sin 90=1cos 90=0 sin 30=0.5 cos 60=0.5 tan 90=
The Cosine curve repeats itself between -90 and 270 degree.
The Characteristic of a logarithm is the integral part of the logarithm. The Mantissa is the decimal
part. So, for example Log(29345) = 4.94694 the Characteristic is 4 and the Mantissa 0.94694. Log
59,000 is equal to 4.7745: Log 10=1, Log 100=2, Log 1000=3. Log 59,000 = Log 59+Log 1000 =
something between 1 and 2, + 3 therefore 4.____
For Binary to Octal conversions, divide the binary number in blocks of 3 (from right to left) and
convert each block into decimal number, which will be the octal number. BCD has a base of 2.
Gradient of line = change in y / change in x
332 to 2 significant figures = 330

The Area of a sector with angle A subtended at the centre point is proportional to Angle A.
When using a calibrated dial gauge, you should round off the answer to calibrated value.
If resistance

R is increased by the ratio 5 8 , then the resistance is

5R
8