Giao Trinh Tuyen Diem Nha Trang PDF

NHA TRANG COLLEGE OF CULTURE-ARTS AND TOURISM
FOREIGN LANGUAGE DEPARTMENT
ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSE

ENGLISH FOR TOUR GUIDE
BOOK I
DESTINATIONS IN NHA TRANG

V T PHNG
(compiler)
English for tour guide
TRNG CAO NG VN HA NGH THUT V DU LCH NHA TRANG
KHOA NGOI NG
GIO TRNH CHUYN NGNH

TING ANH CHO HNG DN VIN DU LCH
QUYN 1:
TUYN IM NHA TRANG
V T PHNG
(bin son)
GVBS: V T Phng
CONTENT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
UNIT 1:
INTRODUCTION OF TOUR GUIDE
UNIT 2:
NHA TRANG CITY
UNIT 3:
PONAGAR TOWER
UNIT 4:
PONAGAR FESTIVAL
UNIT 5:
HON CHONG PROMONTORY
UNIT 6:
INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY
UNIT 7:
LONG SON PAGODA
UNIT 8:
ALEXANDRE YERSIN MUSEUM
UNIT 9:
FAMOUS ISLANDS IN NHATRANG
page
APPENDIX
GLOSSARY
REFERENCE
GVBS: V T Phng
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Tour guide training in Khanh Hoa in specific, and in Vietnam in general
requires a text book of destinations and festivals in and out of Khanh Hoa province.
This book is aimed at providing knowledge in guiding as well as in English
language to serve tourists. This manual is specially designed for the second year
students of Tourism Department of Nha Trang College of Culture Arts and
Tourism. It will also be useful for tour guides and people who work in tourism in
Nha trang in specific and viet Nam in general. In specific, this book show
vocabulary related to tour guide training, English structures, grammar as well as
useful information for tourism in Nha trang. With the teachers help, students will
not only learn how to build an interesting and well-organized commentary about
destinatios and festivals in Nha Trang city but also have good chance to practice
speaking skills and presenting things.
The manual provides the texts from variety of sources, which were re-edited
and designed with a fix form for all units with pre-reading question, reading texts,
vocabulary, comprehension questions, questions for discussion, various kinds of
exercises for practice and further readings.
This book has been designed to provide approximately 120 hours of
classroom work on the basis of 10 to 15 hours per unit and 10 hours for revision and
tests. However, the actual amount of work that is necessary will vary according to
the learners level of English, their knowledge of professional background, the
amount of tasks done at home, and the adaptation by teachers to specific situation.
The students will be evaluated periodically by their teachers. The periodical
tests could be the oral test or the written test.
This book was written at the instigation of the administration board of
Nhatrang College of Culture-Arts & Tourism, and I would like to take this
opportunity to convey my special thanks to the Mr. Hoang Minh Tam, the rector of
the college, Ms. Pham Thi Huyen, Ms. Nguyen Thi Thanh Hang, the vice-rectors,
Mr. Bui Anh Tuan, the Dean of the Tourism Department, for their words of
encouragements.
GVBS: V T Phng
I could not have finished the book without the support of many helpful
people, including Ms. Tran Thi Ai Hoa, The Dean of our foreign language
department, and teachers of Tourism Department and of small department of
Tourism English.
I would like to show my gratefulness to Mr. Nguyen Van Bon, Ms. Ha Do
Quyen, Ms. Nguyen Phuong Quyen, lecturers of Tourism Department, for their
comments about the tour guiding major. I also give my thanks to my colleagues in
Foreign Language Department who have enthusiastically read and give me their
ideas about language aspect of this book. They are: Ms. Nguyen Thi Hoai Trang,
Ms. Nguyen Thi Huyen, Ms. Nguyen Phuong Thuy, Ms. Nguyen Le Thien Thu.
I also want to thank Mr. Hoang Minh Tuan for his precious documents and
pictures about Ponagar Towers as well as his help in completing this book.
I want to give my thankfulness to Mr. Truong Dinh Duc who has helped me
with computer skill to make this book in this perfect form and Tanner Huynh, the
teacher from Fulbright, has shown me a lot of useful ideas as well as spent much
time in language correction for this book.
I will appreciate any comments from teachers and students that will assist me
to revise and improve the material, and design subsequent courses in an increasingly
effective way.
Nha Trang 12th December, 2011
Vo Tu Phuong
Foreign Language Department
GVBS: V T Phng
LI NI U
Vi c ao ta o nhng hng dn vin trong tin
h Khanh Hoa noi ring va trong
nc noi chung oi hoi phai co giao trinh ring v cac i m du lich
trong va ngoai
tinh Khanh Hoa . Trng Cao ng Vn ha Ngh thut v du lch Nha Trang c
o to hng dn vin h chnh quy, bc Cao ng t nm 2005 n nay.
Quyn sach ny c thc hin nhm mc ch cung cp kin thc hng
dn v kin thc ting Anh cho cc sinh vin chuyn ngnh hng dn du lch.
Quyn sach ny c bit c thit k cho sinh vin t nm th hai ngnh Vit Nam
Hc, khoa Du Lch Trng Cao ng Vn ha Ngh thut v Du Lch Nha Trang
v cho cac sinh vin bc i hc cng chuyn ngnh ny. Quyn sach ny cng rt
hu ch cho nhng ai lm hng dn vin v nhng ngi lm trong ngnh du lch
thnh ph Nha Trang ni ring v Vit Nam ni chung. C th l quyn sach cung
cp cac ch t vng lin quan n ngnh hng dn vin, cac cu trc ng phap
ting Anh cng nh nhng kin thc hu ch trong ngnh du lch Nha Trang. Cng
vi s gip ca giao vin, sinh vin khng chi hc c cach xy dng nhng
bi thuyt minh v cac im du lch v l hi Nha Trang th v v c b cc hp
l m con c c hi luyn tp thuyt trnh cac vn .
Quyn sch ny cung cp cac bi c t rt nhiu ngun, c bin tp li v
thit k theo mt mu chung cho cac bi (unit) bao gm cac cu hi trc khi c
bi, phn bi c ( c bin son li), phn t vng, cac cu hi kim tra s
hiu bi, cac cu hi tho lun, v c rt nhiu dng bi tp luyn tp v phn
c thm.
Quyn sach ny c thit k cho 120 gi lm vic lp. Ngha l
khong 10 n 15 gi cho mi bi v 10 gi n tp v kim tra. Tuy nhin s gi
lm vic thc t s thay i ty theo trnh ting Anh ca ngi hc, ty theo kin
thc chuyn ngnh h sn c, ty theo s lng bi tp c phn cng v nh lm,
v ty theo s ap dng ca giao vin trong tng hon cnh.
Ngi hc s c giao vin anh gia nh k theo s sp xp ca giao vin.
Cac bi kim tra nh k c th l bi thi ni hoc bi thi vit.
GVBS: V T Phng
Giao trnh Gio trnh chuyn ngnh - ting Anh cho hng dn vin du
lch Quyn 1: Tuyn im Nha Trang khng th ra i nu khng c s
khuyn khch ca lnh o Trng Cao ng Vn ha Ngh thut v Du lch Nha
Trang, khoa Du lch v khoa Ngoi ng.
Ti xin gi li cm n su sc n thy Hong Minh Tm, hiu trng nh
trng, c Phm Th Huyn, hiu ph, c Nguyn Th Thanh Hng hiu ph, v
thy Bi Anh Tun, Trng khoa Du lch v s ng vin qu bau.
Bn thn ti cng khng c thi gian v kh nng hon thnh quyn sach
ny nu khng nhn c s ng h ca c Trn Th i Hoa, Trng khoa Ngai
ng v c bit s ng gp kin ca cac ging vin Ngnh Vit Nam Hc v cac
ging vin ting Anh Du Lch.
Ti xin by t s bit n i vi cac ging vin ngnh Vit Nam Hc l thy
Nguyn Vn Bn, c H Quyn, v c Phng Quyn c v gp v
vn chuyn ngnh hng dn cho ti. Ti rt cm n s gip v cng qu bau
ca cac ng nghip trong khoa ngoi ng: c Nguyn Th Hoi Trang, c Nguyn
Th Hi Chu, c Nguyn Th Huyn, c Nguyn Phng Thy v c Nguyn L
Thin Th chn thnh gp cho vic hon chinh giao trnh ny.
Ti xin gi li cm n n thy Hong Minh Tun v nhng t liu v hnh
nh v Thap B cng nh s gip ca thy trong vic hon chinh quyn sach.
Ti cng xin gi li cm n n Tanner Huynh (Hunh Tn Phat), giao vin
t t chc Fulbright h tr v mt ngn ng cho ti v thy Trng nh c
h tr v vn k thut ti hon thnh quyn sach ny.
Mt ln na ti rt mong nhn c nhn xt phn hi t pha giao vin v
hc sinh t tip tc chinh sa v hon thin giao trnh ny v bin son nhng
giao trnh tip theo.
Xin trn trng cm n.
Nha Trang, ngy 12 thng 12 nm 2011
V T Phng
Khoa Ngoi ng
GVBS: V T Phng
UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION OF TOUR GUIDE

1. What does a tour guide do?
2. Why is tour guide important in a tour?
The main task when studying

English for Tour Guide is to be able to
make a guided tour about a certain
place in English.
Tour
guide
accompanies
visitors on local tours and guide

tourists within a specific country,
region, city or site. Tour guide
provides
history,
special
information
archaeology,
on
monuments,
works of art, the environment, culture,

natural and man-made attractions,
places of interest and any general
matters of interest to the visitor.
Being a tour guide is a very important job. In many cases, the tour guide is a
traveller's first impression of a foreign country. In other cases a tour guide may be
responsible for teaching tourists about the culture and sites in a city or town. In
addition, many tour guides hold the responsibility of teaching tourists about safety.
Even if you are only responsible for taking a tourist from the airport to his or her hotel,
it is your responsibility to make the short trip interesting, informative, and safe.
1. Answer the questions:

1. What does a tour guide have to do?
2. What does this job involve?
GVBS: V T Phng
2. Pair work:
Complete the lists and compare them with another pair.
The personal and professional qualities necessary to be a tour guide:
1. ..
2. ..
3. ..
4. ..
5. ..
3. Vocabulary Quiz
voucher
attractions
bearings
locals
permit
architecture
sit
devastating
reconstructed
scenic
1. There are many for kids including a zoo and a museum.

2. It is difficult to get your .in this city, so please carry a map
at all times.
3. The will try to sell you their homemade jewelry and house wares.
4. You will find a free shuttle with your airline ticket.
5. In order to appreciate the of the building, you really need
to get off the bus and get closer to it.
6. We're going to be driving by farmland for the next ten minutes or so, so just
and relax until we're closer to the city.
7. As you can see, the damage caused by the recent hurricane is very
8. We do not smoking on the bus at any time.

9. The north tower is the only part of the castle that has been
changed since the early 1900's.
10. We are coming up to the waterfall I mentioned earlier, which in my opinion is
the most part of this tour.
(source: Englishclub.com)
GVBS: V T Phng
UNIT 2:
NHA TRANG CITY
1. Where is Nha Trang?

2. What does the word Nha Trang mean?
3. What is NhaTrang famous for?
Nha Trang city belongs to Khanh Hoa province. The city is about 251 sq. km
and the population is about 337,803. It is divided into 19 administrative units called
wards that include: Vinh Hoa, Vinh Hai, Vinh Phuoc, Vinh Tho, Ngoc Hiep, Van
Thang, Phuong Son, Xuong
Huan, Van Thanh, Phuong
Sai, Phuoc Tan, Phuoc Tien,
Phuoc Hai, Phuoc Long,
Loc Tho, Phuoc Hoa, Tan
Lap, Vinh Nguyen, Vinh
Truong.
There
communes
Tran Phu street in Nha Trang city
named:
are
Vinh
Luong, Vinh Phuong, Vinh
Ngoc, Vinh Thanh, Vinh Hiep, Vinh Trung, Vinh Thai, Phuoc Dong.
Nha Trang City
The coastal city of Nha Trang lies in central in Khanh Hoa province on the transVietnam highway, 1,278km from Hanoi, and 448km from Ho Chi Minh City.
Nha Trang is endowed by nature
with deep, quiet and warm
waters all the year round,
surrounded by archipelagoes,
islands, mountains and white
sand beaches - a wonderful
and attractive tourist resort. Nha
Trang
benefits
from
topographical advantages of the

Nha Trang habour
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10
sea, islands, mountains, and

deltas. In the western part of Nha Trang, there are endless mountain ranges where a
wide variety of animals and birds live.
Nha Trang has many specialities. Especially, birds nest soup, or swallows nest
soup is very famous in Nha Trang and round Vietnam.
The magnificent coral seabed in Nha Trang makes it ideal for scubadiving
and snorkeling. To the north of Nha Trang stands the Chong mount which looks like
a wide open hand over the sea. Far offshore, the Yen (a kind of bird) Island appears
with lush green colours where salanganes nests have been harvested for years to
make the traditional "bird's nest" tonic and food.
The 7 km white sand beach of Nha Trang is often called Vietnams
Mediterranean Area, considered one of the jewel along Vietnam's long stretching
coast line. Nha Trang is sunny all year round, with an average temperature of 23C
due to northern winds.
The rainfall is less than
other
regions
in
the
country and the area is

not threatened by storms
since it is protected by the
Truong Son Mountains
and Ca Mountain Pass
(o C). From Ca Pass,
one can see Ro Bay
Po Nagar towers at the mouth of Ci River.
(Vng R), Hon Do, etc
Being protected by 19 islets, Nha Trang bay covers an area of about 500
sq.km. The islets serve as barriers protecting the bay from sea winds and waves. Cai
river delta empties into the two 2 crescent-shaped seashores with soft sandbanks
stretching about 6-7 km. Inside Nha Trang bay, there are about 10 salangane
islands. Annually, the salangane exploitation brings millions of US$ for the
province. Under the bay, there are about 350 kinds of coral, and 190 kinds of fish,
seaweed, mollusk, and other sea life.
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11
Nha Trang has been well-known as a tourism land with many cultural and
historical sites like Ponagar Tower, White Buddha, Tu Van Pagoda, Alexandre
Yersin site or Nha Trang Institute of Oceanography (where over 10,000 sea creature
samples are kept). The major attraction in Nha Trang is its sea. Nhatrangs tourism
is considered a developing clean industry thanks to its blue sea and lush islands.
At the second conference of the world most beautiful bay club held in
Tadoussac (Quebec, Canada) from June 1st to June 8th, 2006, Nha Trang bay was
admitted to be the 29th member of the world club, and the 2nd one in Asia. This is
not only the honour to Khanh Hoa
province, but to the whole country
as
well.
However,
this
also
presents new challenges for the

provincial government and citizen
as well as the scientists to protect
this beautiful marine landscape
Xm Bng bridge
and environment, so that we can
maintain this noble title forever for Nhatrang bay. Hotels of international standard
as well as Vietnamese guesthouses are avalaible here with the best seafood
speciality for you.
The origin of the name
According to some researches, the name Nha Trang derives from a false
Vietnamese spelling of a geographical name in the Cham language of the site
Yjatran or Ea Tran, the name of the now Cai River as referred to by the Cham
people). It is said that a long time ago, 2 banks of Cai River emptying into Cu Huan
(Cua Lon) seaport were full of reed, and grass. Therefore, people called it Lau
(reed) River that means Yjatran or Ea Tran in Champa language.
From the name of this river, the name was adopted to call what is now
Nha Trang, which was officially made Vietnams territory in 1653.
Another theory of the origin of Nha Trang's name has a more amusing
twist. Long ago, in this part of the country, all the houses were made out of the
reeds and mud gathered from Ngoc Hoi river. The only house that was made out of
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12
bricks were the house belonging to Dr. Yersin, a French immunologist who made
his home here. The house itself was painted prominently white and could be seen by
vessels coming from far away. Once there was a
foreign vessel passing by. The
captain asked his translator
where he was. The translator
not knowing where they were
blurted out Nh Trng or
white house in Vietnamese.
The captain duly noted on his
Long Sn pagoda
chart Nha Trang. Because

most foreign languages do not
make use of tones, the captain's name for this part of the country stuck.
Nha Trang Bay
Nha Trang is one of the most important tourist hubs of Vietnam, thanks to its
beautiful beaches with fine and clean sand and clear ocean water with mild
temperature all year round. There are several resorts, amusement parks in this city
and on islands off the coast. The most beautiful street of the city is Tran Phu Street
along the seaside. Nha Trang is a
venue for annual sailing boat
racing from Hong Kong. In recent
years, the city has welcomed
many 5-star sea cruises. The
citys cuisine is famous for its
fresh seafoods. The area's Bird's
nest soup is deemed one of the
Nha Trang Cathedral
best in Vietnam.
Birds nests are collected naturally and in birds farms in the islands off the city coast and
in some houses in the inner city. As a seaside city, its cuisine is characterized by several
seafood dishes.
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13
In addition to the sailing boat racing, Nha Trang has a wealth of tourist
activities for visitors. Island hopping, scuba diving, water sports and many other
great beach resort community activities can be held in Nha Trang.
Sea festival in Nha Trang
Every two years, sea festival is organised in Nha Trang from June until July.
This is a cultural event with many cultural activities and special festivals. There are
many activities such as parade with pedicabs of flowers, tandems, carriages
decorated with flowers, exhibitions, art gallery, kite flying exhibitions on pottery,
calligraphy as well as artistic performances and fashion performances will take
place during the Nha Trang sea festival.
The Festival contributed to popularising the traditional cultural values and
potentials of economy, culture and tourism of the province to attract more foreign
and domestic investors.
Exercises
I. Match each word or phrase in the column at the left with its meaning in the
column on the right.
1. archipelago
a. a broad inlet of the sea where the land curves inwards

b. A long body of water curling into an arched form
2. bay
3. crescent
and breaking on the shore

c. a chain or cluster of islands
d. expanding
4. delta
e. a violent disturbance of the atmosphere with strong

winds and usually rain, thunder, lightning, or snow
5. endow
6. estuary
f. the curved sickle shape of the waxing or waning

moon
g. a medicinal substance taken to give a feeling of
7. harvest
vigour or well-being.
h. a public procession, especially one celebrating a
8. island
special day or event.

i. the arrangement of the natural and artificial
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14
9. islet
physical features of an area

j. the place where something happens, especially an
10. lush
11. magnificent
organized event such as a concert, conference, or

sports competition
k. a landform at the mouth of a river
12. mollusk
l. provide with a quality, ability, or asset

m. the tidal mouth of a large river, where the tide
13. mount
14. protect
meets the stream.

n. Gather or collect (a crop)
o. a piece of land surrounded by water
15. rainfall
p. a small island
q. a product, especially a type of food, which a person
16. seaweed
17. speciality
or region is famous for making well

r. (of vegetation, especially grass) growing
luxuriantly
18. storm
s. extremely beautiful, elaborate, or impressive

t. an invertebrate of a large phylum which includes
19. stretching
20. tonic
snails, slugs, mussels, and octopuses

u. a mountain or hill
v. keep safe from harm or injury
21. topography
w. give (something, especially money) in order to

help achieve or provide something
22. wave
23. venue
x. the quantity of rain falling within a given area in a

given time
y. large algae growing in the sea or on rocks below
24. parade
the high-water mark
25. contribute
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15
II. Select the suitable words in the box to complete the sentences
archipelagoes
bays
wave
venue
parade
contributed
crescent
estuary
harvesting
islet
magnificent
protect
specialities
stretched
tonic
1. Taxpayers had 141.8 million towards the cost of local

services
2. He was swept out to sea by a freak
3. The festival began with a of the competitors.
4. The club is the city's main for live music
5. Being needed is a for someone at my age
6. My jumper in the wash
7. A restaurant serving freshly made local
8. He tried to Kelly from the attack
9. The trek also offers a walk through the most breathtaking landscapes and
views of the mountain range in the region.
10. From a far, you can see a 25-meter , which reminds us of a
huge egyptian head with a big nose.
11. In agriculture, is the process of gathering mature crops from
the fields.
12. An is a partly enclosed coastal body of water with one or
more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open
sea.
13. The word " " is derived etymologically from the present
participle of the Latin verb crescere "to grow", thus meaning "waxing" or
"increasing", and so was originally applied to the form of the waxing moon (luna
crescens).
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16
14. and gulfs were significant in the history of human settlement

because they can provide a safe place for fishing.
15. The five largest modern countries that are mainly are
Indonesia, Japan, the Philippines, New Zealand and the United Kingdom.
III. Reading comprehension

1. What is the area of Nha Trang city?
2. What is the population of Nha Trang city?
3. Where is Nha Trang geographically located?
4. What is the landscape of Nha Trang city?
5. What are Nha Trangs local specialties?
6. How long is the white sand beach in Nha Trang city?
7. How is the weather in Nha Trang city?
8. When was Nha Trang admitted to be the 29th member of the world most
beautiful bays club?
9. Why does the city have the name Nha Trang?
10. How often is the sea festival organized?
11. When is the sea festival organized?
12. What purpose does the sea festival serve?
IV. These sentences are True or False. Correct the sentences that are not true.
1. Nha Trang has a 7 km white sand beach.
2. In Nha Trang bay, there are 2 salangane islands: Hon Noi and Hon Ngoai.
3. Nha Trang bay was admitted to be the 29th member of world most beautiful bays club
held in Tadoussac (Quebec, Canada) in July, 2006.
4. In Cham language, Nha trang (Yjatran or Ea Tran) means beautiful river.
5. The most beautiful street of the city is Pham Van Dong Street along the seaside
6. Every four years, the sea festival is organized in Nha Trang from June to July.
7. The magnificent coral seabed in Nha Trang makes it ideal for wedding
ceremony.
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17
V. Match the words to the correct pictures

a. Hot spring center
g. Long Son pagoda
b. Chong promontory
h. Pasteur institute
c. Tri Nguyen Aquarium
i. Tram Huong tower
d. Nhatrang Center
j. Nhatrang square
e. Nhatrang museum
k. Supermarket
f. Ponagar temple
l. Nhatrang general hospital
1. ..
2. ..
3. ..
4...
5..
6..
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18
7..
8..
9..
10..
11..
13..
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12..
14..
19
VI. Grammar
PASSIVE VOICE
A. Use of Passive
Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known,
however, who or what is performing the action.
Example: Nha Trang is endowed by nature with deep, quiet and warm waters all
the year round
B. Form of Passive
Subject + finite form of to be + Past Participle (3rd column of irregular verbs)

Example: Nha Trang bay was admitted to be the 29th members of the world club
When rewriting active sentences in passive voice, note the following:
the object of the active sentence becomes the subject of the passive sentence
the finite form of the verb is changed (to be + past participle)
the subject of the active sentence becomes the object of the passive sentence
(or is dropped)
Passive Voice and Active Voice

The passive voice is less usual than the active voice. The active voice is the
"normal" voice. But sometimes we need the passive voice. In this lesson we look at
how to construct the passive voice, when to use it and how to conjugate it.
C. Passive Voice Structure
Active
People collect birds nests
Passive
Birds nests are collected
naturally and in birds farms in
naturally and in birds farms
the islands off the city coast and
in the islands off the city
in some houses in the inner city.
coast and in some houses in
Present
Simple
the inner city.

Susan is cooking the lobster
The lobster is being cooked

by Susan
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Present
Continuous
20
Alexandre Yersin established
Indochina Pasteur Institute
Indochina Pasteur Institute (now
(now known as the Nha
known as the Nha Trang Pasteur
Trang Pasteur Institute) was
Institute)
established by Alexandre
Past Simple
Yersin
People admitted Nha Trang bay
Nha Trang bay was admitted
to be the 29th members of the
Past
to be the 29th members of the Continuous
world club in 2006
world club in 2006
People have harvested salangane salangane nests have been

nests for years to make the
harvested for years to make
traditional "bird's nest" tonic and
the traditional "bird's nest"
food
tonic and food
People are going to build a new
A new hotel is going to be
hotel in Tran Phu street.
built in Tran Phu street.
Their company will finish the
The construction of the first
construction of the first building
building will be finished by
by 2017
2017
Present
Perfect
Future
Intention
(with Going
to)
Future
Simple
Exercise:
Rewrite the following sentences with verbs in the active voice.
1. On July 1, 1989, Khanh Hoa was split from Phu Khanh Province to become
Khanh Hoa Province as it was before, Nha Trang was made the capital of Khanh
Hoa Province.
2. Nha Trang Oceanography Institute was established in 1923.
3. Tourists are welcome to participate in the Sea Festival in Nha Trang, held
biennially.
4. The house of Alexandre Yersin has been converted into the Yersin Museum.
5. Nha Trang Townlet was established from the ancient villages of Xng Hun, Phng
Cu, Vn Thnh, Phng Si, and Phc Hi.
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21
6. Nha Trang is surrounded on all three sides by mountains and a large island on
the fourth side (in the ocean directly in front of the city's main area), blocking
major storms from potentially damaging the city.The trees were blown down by
the wind.
7. Nha Trang Bay is widely considered as amongst the world's most beautiful bays.
8. Nha Trang, the main city of Khanh Hoa province, is famed as the finest city
beach in Vietnam.
9. Nha Trang Cathedral was built by the French in 1928 and equipped with a grand
clock and three giant bells, all still in fine working order.
10. Dien Khanh Citadel, 10km south of the city, was built in 18th century by King
Nguyen Anh in an architectural style influenced by contemporary Western
palaces.
Speaking
Activity 1
Choose a tourist destination in Nhatrang which you know well. In groups of four or
five students, prepare a presentation about toursist attractions and activities in that place
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Activity 2
Students work in a group of 4-5. Write out the answers for these questions
1. What are the questions that visitors would like to ask while visiting Nha
Trang city?
2. What might you say in reply?
Writing
Topic: introduce your hometown/ your motherland/ your fatherland.
Focus on these aspects:
The history of the town/ the city
The architecture of the city
Famous people
Festivals/ local festivals
Famous destinations in the town/city
Weather
Specialities
New words
To endow (v) [in'dau] ph cho mt c tnh, kh nng
Archipelago (n) [:ki'peligou] (n): qu n ao
Lush (a) [l] ti t t, sum s, cng nha (c cy)
Salangane (n) ['slgein] chim y n
Tonic ['tnik] (a) (y ho c) (1) thu c b
Topographic [,tp'grfik] (a) (thu c) php o v a hnh
Delta (n) ['delt] (n) (ia ly,ia ch t) vng chu th
speciality ['spelti] (n) (3) c san, mn n c bit (ca mt nh hng..);
Magnificiant (a) [mg'nifisnt] trang l; nguy nga; l ng ly
Seabed (n) ['si:'bed] (n) ay bi n
Scuba dive (v) ['sku:b ,daiv] l n co mang bin
h khi ep
Snorkel (n) ['sn:kl] ng th (ca ngi ln)
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UNIT 2:
PO NAGAR CHAM TOWERS

1. What do you know about Ponagar towers?
2. Why is its construction special?
Po Nagar is a Cham temple

tower
founded
sometime
before 781 AD and located in

the medieval principality of
Kauthara, near modern Nha
Trang
in
Vietnam.
It
is
dedicated to Yan Po Nagar,

the goddess of the country,
who in Vietnamese is called
Ponagar towers
Thin Y Thnh Mu.

History
Ponagar Relics (or Ponagar Temples) in Nha Trang, built between the 7th and
12th century, constitute one of the greatest Champa temples that still remain in
Central Vietnam. At present, there still remain 5 constructions, consisting of a
mandapha and 4 tower temples retaining quite typical features of the Champa
architectural art. The relics are the most typical and famous sightseeing sites in
Khanh Hoa. Setting foot up the hill, visitors can both enjoy fresh breezes from the
sea and admire with their own eyes the creative skills and the fine aesthetic sense of
Champa artisans, reflected in each architectural item, artistic works together with
the mystic and colossal treasure of steles lasting for thousands of years.
It is one of the most famous beauty spots in Nha Trang. Here people worship
Goddess Yana. Ponagar temple is a well-known symbolic architecture and sculpture
of Cham people. It has been reconstructed and repaired for many times from the 8th to
the 12th century. It is located at one end of Xom Bong bridge, on Cu Lao hill, on the
bank of Cai River. It is about three kilometres from the centre of Nha Trang city.
Ponagar Towers location is an ideal one. It is surrounded by sea, river, mountain.
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In the old time Ponagar

tower is the religional center of
Cham Pa Kingdom. It is the place P
In Nagara goddess (the goddess of
the Cham people) first appeared. In
process of cultural exchange of
Vietnamese
people
and
Cham
People, the goddess of Cham was

vietnamize Ponagar Goddess and
Mandapha at Ponagar towers
was worshipped respectfully. Every year, Ponagar festival is organized from 20th to 23rd
of the lunar month which attracts thousands of pilgrims and tourists.
Legend
As what have been said in legend, she was the woman who created this land,
found seed rice plant and taught inhabitants to do the farming.
According to the myth of P Nagar, she was
born from the clouds of the sky and the foam
of the sea. Her physical form was manifest
in a piece of eaglewood floating on the
waves of the ocean. She is also said to have
had ninety-seven husbands and thirty-nine
daughters who became goddesses like their
mother. P Nagar was the goddess who
created the earth, eaglewood and rice. It is
told that there was even the aroma of rice in the
The statute of Ponagar goddess
air around her. The Chams looked upon her as a goddess of plants and trees. She was
considered nurturing like the earth and she granted blessings to her followers.
Once upon on a moonlight night, a pretty young girl who was about ten years
old strayed into a field of water-melons and had fun by herself there. The field
belonged to an old couple living at the foot of Dai An hill. They caught the little
girl, took her home and then adopted her as their own child.
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25
One rainy day, in spite of the heavy rain and the flood which was rising, the
girl stubbornly went on with her playing in the open, busy arranging piles of rocks
into small mountains. Finding this scene was very strange and believing it to be a
bad omen, the old couple scolded her. It soon happened that a trunk of sandalwood
was drifting along. The little girl suddenly disappeared into the truck which
continued to drift far into the sea, traveling to the north and came ashore at the
strange place. The local people
tried to pull the trunk to the shore
but it was too heavy for them to
carry. A prince passed by and
noticed the exciting scene, he got
down from his horse an gave it a
try.
The
trunk,
how
strange,
became light in his hands. Then he
Cham dancing
ordered his men to carry it to the royal palace because of its magic.
Then very often on the moonlight nights, from the trunk, the young girl came
down in great splendor. Then she arranged things in the prince's room in neat order.
Finding these happenings so strange, the prince could not believe his eyes.
Therefore, he devised a scheme by which he hid himself in a corner for several
nights and then one night he managed to catch the girl by surprise and made
proposals to her. His father, the king consented his son's marriage to that young girl.
The young couple enjoyed a very happy life and had 2 children, a boy and a girl.
The wife, after a long time living in luxury in the royal palace, she missed
her hometown very much. So one day, with her two children, she decided to get
away from the palace and disappeared into the trunk and sailed to her hometown.
Unluckily, her foster parents were no longer on this world. Then she made
renovations on the water-melon field and set up an altar to her parents, taught the local
people to cultivate rice plants, hunt wild beasts, catch fish with nets, take proper care of
their children and treat diseases.
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26
Finally, one day, on a phoenix, she flew back to the heaven. After that, Cham
people work-shipped her as the Mother of the Land. She also became the most highly
revered goddess of the Kinh (Viet) people who settled in the area in 1653.
Festival
Every year, Cham people often organise a festival at Ponagar towers. This is the
greatest religeous festival in the area. It is held from the 20th to the 23rd of the third lunar
month. It is held to remind people of the region mother, who created the region, maintained
the race, discovered the rice plant, the main food of Cham people, who taught people how
to cultivate the plant and how to fight against the illness.
Architecture
Ponagar tower is the special architectural brick building of Cham people. It
consists of the tower gate, Mandapa area (the area with 22 octagon columns is the
preparation area for worshiping) and four towers: the main tower (also called the
Goddess Temple, it worships Ponagar Goddess), the middle tower (the God temple),
the south-east tower (the Goddesss Parents temple), the north-west tower (the
Goddesss Children temple)). The area containing the four towers is the main space for
festivals and cultural activities. In 1979, Ponagar tower is recognized the national
vestige by Ministry of Culture and Information of Vietnam (now it is Ministry of
Culture, Sports and Tourism)
Ponagar towers features three architectural elements - the foundation, the
main body, and the roof - symbolizing the secular, spiritual, and animistic worlds.
A line of pillars propped against the front wall is all that remains of the gate
leading to the vestibule of the inner tower; above the gate is a bas-relief
sculpture of the Hindu goddess Uma, carved in 1065 during renovations. Inside, a
statue of Po Nagar sits at the center of a square room on a base of stone
decorated with linga and yoni, stylized fertility symbols. Linga and yoni also
adorn the top of the towers and temple roofs. Statues of the linga and the yoni
held pride of place at Thap Ba.
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The linga is a stylized phallus symbolizing

Shiva and the yoni a stylized vulva symbolizing
a goddess, or a Shakti. The linga-yoni
combination symbolizes fertility, not just of
humans but all living creatures. The original
gold statue of Ponagar was stolen during an
invasion led by a king of the southern kingdom
in the 10th century.
The current replica was carved out of stone.
The 260-cm Po Nagar statue sits cross-legged
on a lotus blossom, leaning back against a basrelief of the legendary Makara sea-monster.
Cham girl dancing
The goddess has 10 arms: one pair rests on her knees with the right hand forming a
symbol of peace and the left hand open to bestow happiness; another four pairs
carry various weapons demonstrating her power and ingenuity. Her chest is bare,
displaying her breasts and a belly marked by four deep wrinkles. Bricks were used
in the building of Ponagar tower. The four-side structure is topped by a pyramid
with a statue at the apex of the four-arm Shiva riding Nandin the enchanted ox.
The exterior of the tower is covered by intricate rock carvings of dancers,
people rowing boats and grinding rice, or hunters with bows and arrows. The main
tower stands at the center of the complex with three temples situated to the south,
south-east and north-west. The north-west temple is a classic example of Cham
architecture and design. Featuring a 9 meter-high rectangular chamber, this
monument is covered by a boat-shaped roof. Carvings of the god Indra, mythical
Garuda birds, lions, and women on elephants adorn its false windowpanes. Its
gables also feature carvings of fig leaves and various deities.
The south-east temple, designed in the 13th century, is the smallest of the
four structures. A rectangular structure is enclosed by walls on three sides, its
entrance gate opens to the east and its curved roof also features a distinct boat
shape. Since the mid-17th century, the Kinh (or Viet) people in the region adapted
themselves to the Cham religion and culture, then Vietnamized the image of the
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goddess and renamed her as the Goddess Thien Y A Na. Legend has it that Thien Y
A Na statue was originally nude, but the Viet people clothe the statue with beautiful
dresses to express their respect for the goddess. Nowadays, the rituals and
decoration of the altars in Ponagar towers have been Vietnamized and Ponagar has
become the common Mother of both Vietnamese and Cham people. To
commemorate the goddess Po Nagar, the Thap Ba Festival is organized annually
from the 20th to 23rd day of the third month in the lunar calendar.
This outstanding architecture complex, built on a 20 metre-high hill by Xom
Bong Bridge in the eighth or seventh centuries ago. It is romantically surrounded by
rivers, mountains and sea. There are four towers in this agglomeration: the
southeast tower, the northeast tower, the south tower and the main tower. The
complex is named after the main tower: Ponagar Tower, which is 23 metres high
with four floors and identical roofs. The higher the roof is, the smaller it is. At the
biggest tower we can see the statute of Apsara deity with goose, elephant around.
The statute is 2.6 metre high (including the Yoni-shaped stone pedestal)The statute
has ten hands eight of which is holding different objects symbolizing the intellect
and power of the Goddess. The door of the tower opens onto the East direction,
where there are sculpted goddess insignias with four arms, swinging hips and her
feet stepping on a sacred cow.
In the Middle and the South Temples, we can find out the solemn worship of
Linga-Yoni1. They are the two objects symbolizes the life and creative power of
Chams Hinduism.
The Northwest temple is small but fairly intact. There is a lion-shaped
sculpture to the north side and a woman statute sitting on an elephant insignia to the
west side.
Ponagar temple was designed in good balance with the harmony of all elements.
After more than one thousand years it is still in original condition. This construction is
not only special for the shape but also the way it was built. All the contruction was built
1
When Hinduism was born, according to mythology of Siva, the god appears first as a pillar of fire of the
penis. After this, people have symbolized (Linga and Yoni) worship to Siva, Linga is regarded as positive
expression characteristics, Yoni is a manifestation of the god acoustic characteristics. Form of Linga with
Yoni aka Linga-Yoni is considered a symbol of Siva creativity. In this form, Siva is also known as "God of
sleep." (http://sculpturehue.co.cc/documents/blog.php?entry_id=1288353244 )
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with brick but there is nothing between the bricks. And the question How can the brick
sticks together without nothing between? still has no answer.
On the hill, we can contemplate Cai river at the hill base, where a great deal
of boats flock around all day, and in the neighbourhood there is Con hamlet (Xom
Con), the living place of the fishermen, and looking far a way we can see Hon
Chong, a masterpiece of nature in Nha Trang.
Exercises
column on the right
1. relic
2. breeze
a. a god or goddess (in a polytheistic religion)

b. the base or support on which a statue, obelisk, or
column is mounted
3. aesthetic
4. colossal
5. stele
c. show reverence and adoration for (a deity)

d. be all round
e. not connected with religious or spiritual matters
f. an antechamber, hall, or lobby next to the outer door
6. worship
7. surrounded
8. vestige
of a building
g. restore (something old, especially a building) to a
good state of repair
h. productiveness
9. commemorate
10. inhabitant
11. aroma
i. a trace or remnant of something that is disappearing

or no longer exists
j. recall and show respect for (someone or something)
k. a person or animal that lives in or occupies a place
12. myth
13. grant
14. stray
l. give (a right, power , property, etc.) formally or

legally to
m. move away aimlessly from a group or from the right
course or place
15. secular
n. connected with God or a god or dedicated to a

religious purpose and so deserving veneration
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16. vestibule
17. renovate
o. not damaged or impaired in any way; complete

p. a work of outstanding artistry, skill, or workmanship
q. an object surviving from an earlier time, especially
18. fertility
19. replica
one of historical interest

r. a gentle wind
20. ingenuity
s. concerned with beauty or the appreciation of beauty

t. extremely large or great
21. agglomeration
22. deity
u. an upright stone slab or column typically bearing a

commemorative inscription or relief design, often
23. pedestal
serving as a gravestone
v. a distinctive, typically pleasant smell
24. sacred
w. a traditional story involving supernatural beings or
25. intact
events
26. masterpiece
x. an exact copy or model of something, especially one

on a smaller scale
y. the quality of being clever, original, and inventive
z. a mass or collection of things
relic
steles
worship
surrounded
aroma
myths
stray
renovated
fertility
replica
ingenuity
agglomeration
pedestal
intact
masterpiece
1. The hotel is by its own gardens.

2. Dog owners are urged not to allow their dogs to the
military arrested anyone who strayed into the exclusion zone.
3. The old school has been tastefully as a private house.
4. The arts centre is an of theatres, galleries, shops,
restaurants and bars.
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5. The pagoda was almost in ruins but its tower remained

6. Erecting at tombs or temples eventually became a
widespread social and religious phenomenon.
7. Expressions of vary but typically include one or more of
the following: prayer, meditation, ritual, scripture, sacraments, sacrifice,
sermons, chanting, music or devotional song, dance, religious holidays,
festivals, pilgrimage, dining, fasting, temples or shrines, idols, or simply private
individual acts of devotion.
8. The terms fragrance, scent, and are used primarily by the
food and cosmetic industry to describe a pleasant odor, and are sometimes used
to refer to perfumes.
9. The main characters in are usually gods, supernatural
heroes and humans.
10.
(or chef d'uvre) in modern usage refers to a creation
that has been given much critical praise, especially one that is considered the
greatest work of a person's career or to a work of outstanding creativity, skill or
workmanship.
11. is a term generally applied to the support of a statue or a
vase.
12. A can be a copy used for historical purposes, such as
being placed in a museum.
13. Human depends on factors of nutrition, sexual behavior,
culture, instinct, endocrinology, timing, economics, way of life, and emotions.
14. In religion, a is a part of a body of a saint or a venerated
person, or else another type of ancient religious object, carefully preserved for
purposes of veneration, or as a tangible memorial.
15. The process of figuring out how to cross a mountain stream using a fallen log,
build an airplane from a sheet of paper, or start a new company in a foreign
culture all involve the exercising of
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1. Who are the Ponagar towers dedicated?
2. When were the Ponagar towers built?
3. What are the constructions of Ponagar towers?
4. Where are the Ponagar towers located?
5. What are the legends about Ponagar?
6. When does the festival take place?
7. Who does linga symbolize?
8. Who does yoni symbolize?
9. What does the combination of linga-yoni symbolize?
10. What is the special thing in the construction of Ponagar towers?
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VI. Grammar
Relative Clauses
A relative clause is a subordinate clause that begins with a question word (e.g.
who, which, where) or the word that. You can use it to modify a noun or pronoun
(i.e. to identify or give more information about it).
A. Relative pronouns
relative
use
example
pronoun
who
subject or object pronoun for Once upon on a moonlight night, a

people
pretty young girl who was about
ten years old strayed into a field
of water-melons and had fun by
herself there.
which
subject or object pronoun for The complex is named after the

animals and things
main tower: Ponagar Tower, which
is 23 metres high with four floors
and identical roofs.
He couldnt read which surprised
me.
which
referring to a whole sentence
whose
possession for people animals I was invited by the professor

and things
whom I met at the conference.
whom
object pronoun for people, I was invited by the professor

especially in non-defining whom I met at the conference.
relative clauses (in defining
relative clauses we colloquially
prefer who)
that
subject or object pronoun for I dont like the table that stands in
people, animals and things in the kitchen.
defining relative clauses (who
or which are also possible)
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B. Types of relative clause

There are two types of relative clause: defining and non-defining.
You use a defining (or restrictive) relative clause to identify or restrict
the reference of a noun. You do not separate it from the rest of the sentence by
commas (in text) or pauses (in speech).
Once upon on a moonlight night, a pretty young girl who was about ten
years old strayed into a field of water-melons and had fun by herself there.
You use a non-defining (or non-restrictive) relative clause to supply
additional information about the noun, whose identity or reference is already
established. You can also use it to comment on the whole situation described in a
main clause.
It is dedicated to Yan Po Nagar, the goddess of the country, who in
Vietnamese is called Thin Y Thnh Mu.
You should not use the relative pronoun that in non-defining relative clauses.
C. Exercise on Relative Clauses (Contact clauses)

a. Relative Pronouns (who / which)
Use who for people; for everything else use which.
Decide whether to use who or which.
1. The people .. built Ponagar towers lived several hundred years
ago.
2. The largest tower .. are more than 23 metres high
3. The statute of Apsara deity with goose, elephant around .in
the biggest towers is 2.6 metre high.
4. As ponagar towers lies on a hill on a river bank, tourists .. come
to this place can already see a great deal of boats flock around all day.
5. Everybody .. has visited Ponagar towers says that it is very
impressive.
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b. Forming relative clauses

Combine the sentences using a relative clause. Use relative pronouns only where
necessary. Note that you have to use commas in some of the sentences.
1. We spent our holiday in Nha Trang last year. Nha Trang is about 450 km from
Ho Chi Minh City.
Last year we spent our holidays in Nha Trang, which is about 450 km from
Ho Chi Minh City.
2. Ponagar Tower is historical and cultural site, typical architecture and sculpture
works of Cham people. The tower is located on a small hill at the north of Nha
Trang in Vietnam.
3. Po Nagar is a Cham temple tower. The tower was founded sometime before 781
AD.
4. The Ponagar includes four towers. All four towers were built as the tower of
Cham people.
5. It is dedicated to Yan Po Nagar, the goddess of the country. Yan Po Nagar came
to be identified with the Hindu goddesses Bhagavati and Mahishasuramardini,
and who in Vietnamese is called Thin Y Thnh Mu.
6. The temple's central image is a 1.2m tall stone statue of the goddess Yan Po
Nagar. She is sitting cross-legged, dressed only in a skirt, with ten hands holding
various symbolic items.
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7. The 1,100 square meter Mandaga area runs mostly east to west . The Mandaga
consists of four rows of brick pillars.
8. Inside the tower is a square temple area and a statue of Uma (the wife of Shiva,
also called Po Inu Nagar). The figure is standing on a lotus, at her back a stone
plate with figures carved on both sides.
9. The main tower has four-storey, each floor has its doors, statues of God and holy
animal made of stone. The main tower is a masterpiece of Chams sculpture.
10. The Po Nagar Festival is held annually from March 20th to the 24th of the lunar
calendar to remember the construction of the Goddess. The goddess built up the
land, kept the race alive, found the rice and taught the local people to farm and
make handicrafts.
V. VOCABULARY
1. Definition
Match the words with the definitions
1. Wat
2. Cathedral
8. Megalith/ Megalithic (Megalithic

tomb)
3. Mosque
9. A tomb
4. Basilica
10. Temple
5. Ziggurat
11. Pagoda
6. Synagogue
12. Church
7. Mausoleum
13. Stupa
14. Chapel
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1. A .. is an external free-standing building constructed as a monument

enclosing the interment space or burial chamber of a deceased person or persons.
A monument without the interment is a cenotaph. A mausoleum may be
considered a type of tomb or the tomb may be considered to be within the
mausoleum. A Christian mausoleum sometimes includes a chapel.
2. A .. is a large stone that has been used to construct a structure or
monument, either alone or together with other stones. .. describes
structures made of such large stones, utilizing an interlocking system without the
use of mortar or cement.
3. A .. is a repository for the remains of the dead. It is generally any
structurally enclosed interment space or burial chamber, of varying sizes. The
word is used in a broad sense to encompass a number of such types of places of
interment or, occasionally, burial, including:
4. A .. is a structure reserved for religious or spiritual activities, such as
prayer and sacrifice, or analogous rites.
5. A .. is the general term in the English language for a tiered tower with
multiple eaves common in Nepal, China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and other parts
of Asia.
6. In the Christian religion, a .. building is a building or structure whose
primary purpose is to facilitate the meeting of a church. Originally, Jewish
Christians met in synagogues, such as the Cenacle, and in one another's homes,
known as house churches.
7. A .. is a monastery temple in Cambodia, Thailand, or Laos. The word
"wat" means "school".
8. .., seat, bench, from kata "down" + hedra seat, base, chair) is a
Christian church that contains the seat of a bishop.[1] It is a religious building for
worship, specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy, such as the
Roman Catholic, Anglican, Orthodox, and some Lutheran and Methodist
churches, which serves as a bishop's seat, and thus as the central church of a
diocese, conference, or episcopate.[2]
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9. A .. is a building used by Christians, members of other religions, and

sometimes interfaith communities, as a place of fellowship and worship. It may
be part of a larger structure or complex, such as a church, college, hospital,
palace, prison or funeral home, located on board a military or commercial ship,
or it may be an entirely free-standing building, sometimes with its own grounds
10. A .. is a place of worship for followers of Islam.
11. A .. is a mound-like structure containing Buddhist relics, typically the
remains of Buddha, used by Buddhists as a place of worship.
12. The Latin word .. was originally used to describe a Roman public
building, usually located in the forum of a Roman town. Public basilicas began
to appear in Hellenistic cities in the 2nd century BC.
13. .. were massive structures built in the ancient Mesopotamian valley
and western Iranian plateau, having the form of a terraced step pyramid of
successively receding stories or levels.
14. A .., also spelled synagog is a Jewish house of prayer.
2. Fill-in the blanks with a suitable word

1. Temple
8. Ziggurat
2. Pagoda
9. Synagogue
3. Pagoda
10. Chapel
4. Basilica
11. Mausoleum
5. Church
12. Megalithic tomb
6. Wat
13. Cathedral
7. Mosques
14. A tomb
1. A . is an external free-standing building constructed as a monument

enclosing the interment space or burial chamber of a deceased person or persons. A
monument without the interment is a cenotaph. A mausoleum may be considered a
type of tomb or the tomb may be considered to be within the mausoleum. A
Christian mausoleum sometimes includes a chapel.
2. A . is a large stone that has been used to construct a structure or
monument, either alone or together with other stones. Megalithic describes
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structures made of such large stones, utilizing an interlocking system without the
use of mortar or cement.
3. A . is a repository for the remains of the dead. It is generally any
structurally enclosed interment space or burial chamber, of varying sizes. The word
is used in a broad sense to encompass a number of such types of places of interment
or, occasionally, burial, including.
4. A . is a structure reserved for religious or spiritual activities, such as
prayer and sacrifice, or analogous rites.
5. A . is the general term in the English language for a tiered tower with
multiple eaves common in Nepal, China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and other parts of
Asia.
6. In the Christian religion, a . building is a building or structure whose
primary purpose is to facilitate the meeting of a church. Originally, Jewish
Christians met in synagogues, such as the Cenacle, and in one another's homes,
known as house churches.
7. A . is a monastery temple in Cambodia, Thailand, or Laos. The word
"wat" means "school".
8. ., seat, bench, from kata "down" + hedra seat, base, chair) is a
Christian church that contains the seat of a bishop.[1] It is a religious building for
worship, specifically of a denomination with an episcopal hierarchy, such as the
Roman Catholic, Anglican, Orthodox, and some Lutheran and Methodist churches,
which serves as a bishop's seat, and thus as the central church of a diocese,
conference, or episcopate.
9. A . is a building used by Christians, members of other religions, and
sometimes interfaith communities, as a place of fellowship and worship. It may be
part of a larger structure or complex, such as a church, college, hospital, palace,
prison or funeral home, located on board a military or commercial ship, or it may be
an entirely free-standing building, sometimes with its own grounds.
10. A . is a place of worship for followers of Islam.
11. A . is a mound-like structure containing Buddhist relics, typically
the remains of Buddha, used by Buddhists as a place of worship.
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12. The Latin word . was originally used to describe a Roman public
building, usually located in the forum of a Roman town. Public basilicas began to
appear in Hellenistic cities in the 2nd century BC.
13. . were massive structures built in the ancient Mesopotamian valley
and western Iranian plateau, having the form of a terraced step pyramid of
successively receding stories or levels.
14. A ., also spelled synagog is a Jewish house of prayer.
3.Match the words with the pictures (place of worship)

1. Mausoleum
8. cathedral
2. Megalithic tomb
9. Chapel
3. A tomb
10. Mosques
4. Temple
11. Pagoda
5. pagoda
12. Basilica
6. Church
13. Ziggurat
7. Wat
14. Synagogue
1..
2 ..
3..
4. ..
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41
5...
7..
9..
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6..
8..
10. ..
42
11. ..
13..
15..
17.
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12. ..
14. ..
16. ..
18. ..
43
19 ..
20 ..
21 ..
22 ..
23. ..
24. ..
25..
26 ..
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44
27 ..
28 ..
29 ..
30 ..
31 ..
32. ..
Speaking
Activity 1
1. What are the questions that visitors would like to ask while visiting Ponagar
towers?
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45
Activity 2
Choose a temple in Nhatrang which you know well. In groups of four or five
students, prepare a presentation about temple and activities in that place
Writing
Topic: prepare a 15 minute commentary on Ponagar tower
Fully introduce yourself
write about:
the tour
Site and subject introduction
Information about Cham people
Architecture of Cham
The legend of Ponagar
Ponagar towers
o Front of the temple, gates, the mandaga
o The four towers
o Inside the towers
o Around the site of the tower: river, hill, fishing village
New Words:
to be situated on: ['sitjueit] : t vi tri, t ch cho
relics ['relik] (n) (1) (tn giao) thanh tch, (2) di tic h, di v t
constitute ['knstitju:t] (1) c u thanh; to thnh
remain [ri'mein] (v) con li
site [sait] (n) ch xy dng, ia i m
marble: ['m:bl] a hoa, c m tha ch
north of [n:] (n) (1) hng b c, phng b c, pha bc
northern: ['n:n] (adj) b c
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46
in honour of: ['n] vinh d, ni m vinh d

sandstone statue ['sndstoun] ( n) danh t : sa tha ch (a do cat k t la i ma
thnh)
estrade: [es'tr:d] danh t : bc, gin
pedestal ['pedistl] (n) b cua cai c t
intellect ['intlekt] (n)kh nng hiu bit; tr tu ; tr nng:
dedicate ['dedikeit] (v) c ng hi n, hi n dng; dnh cho ( tng nh)
sculpture ['sklpt] (n) bc t ng, tac phm iu khc, cng trin
h iu kh c
archaeology [,:ki'ldi] (n) kho c hc
archaeologist [,:ki'ldist] (n) nh kho c
relics ['relik] (n) (1) (tn giao) thanh tch, (2) di tic h, di v t
constitute ['knstitju:t] (v) (1) c u thanh; to thnh
constrution [kn'strkn] (n) s xy dng
mandapha
retain [ri'tein] (v) gi la i
breeze [bri:z] (n) gi nhe
aesthetic [i:s'etik] (a) (thu c) m hc, th m my
artisan [,:ti'zn] (n) th thu cng
reflect [ri'flekt] (v) ngoi ng t
colossal [k'lsl] (a) kh ng l , to ln
stele ['sti:li] (n) (1) bia (c khc)
worship ['w:ip] (n) (tn giao) s th phu ng
agglomeration [,glm'rein] (n) s tic h tu , s ch t ng
deity ['di:iti] (n)
tnh cach thn thanh
insignias [in'signi] (n) bi u hi u

intact [in'tkt] (adj) tnh t
contemplate ['kntempleit] (v) ng m; thng ngoa n
masterpiece ['m:stpi:s] (n) danh t : tac phm ln; ki t tac
cultivate ['kltiveit] (v) cy cy, tr ng tro t
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47
FURTHER READING
MEANINGS OF LINGA AND YONI
Author: Amritananda
There is an inclination to reduce the Shiva linga and Shakti yoni, the two main
Tantric symbols of ascending and descending forces - which are often represented
by upright conical stones for the Shiva linga and ring stones or basis for the Shakti
yoni - to merely the male and female sex organs, which is but one of their
representations, and their erotic glorification. There is the tradition of Tantric
sexuality of mithuna which uses sacred sex as part of Yoga practice. But it is not
the only practice of Tantric Yoga and when done is integrated into a much larger
array of practices.
It would be wrong to look at the
linga and the yoni only in human
sexual terms, just as it would be to
see the Deities of Shiva and Shakti
as
only
symbols
of
sexuality.
Sexuality, Sexuality, no doubt, is the

strongest of our biological and
Yoni in My Son
psychological urges. Yet sexuality

reflects greater and higher forces, of
which it is a manifestation.
The Shiva linga is often portrayed in an upright conical form much like the
male sexual organ. Indeed, some Shiva lingas are quite phallic in their appearance,
but there are many other types of lingas which are not. The linga is the symbol of
the universal power, the cosmic masculine force or the Shiva principle. It has many
forms in nature.
In the Sanskrit language, the word linga refers to a chief mark or
characteristic of something. As a term, it is not per se a synonym for the male sexual
organ, as some would believe. Linga indicates what is outstanding and determinative.
In this regard, the male sexual organ can be said to be the distinguishing characteristic
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48
or linga of a man at a physical level, but linga in other contexts can have quite a
different meaning.
In Yoga philosophy, the term linga refers to
the subtle body, which is the dominant principle in
our nature over the physical body. The Shiva linga is
also the subtle body and can indicate the upper
region from the heart to the head. The linga is a place
where energy is held, generated and sustained.
Symbolisms of the Linga
The Shiva linga represents the ascending
energy of consciousness and life in nature. We see
this in such forms as the mountain, the thunder
Linga in My Son
cloud, the tree, and the upright human being. Many lingas like that at Kedarnath the most important Shiva site in the Himalayas - are rocks in the shape of small
mountains. Many other lingas are associated with light, the lingas of the Sun, the
Moon and Fire. There are the twelve famous Jyotirlingas or light forms of Shiva at
twelve special temples throughout India.
The state of Tamil Nadu has special Shiva linga forms for the five elements
with lingas of earth, water, fire, air and ether at special temples in the region. In this
regard, each element has its Shiva linga or determinative force. The famous hill of
Arunachala, where the great enlightened sage Ramana Maharshi stayed, is said to
be the fire linga of lord Shiva.
Other Shiva lingas are associated with gold or crystal, the light powers in the
metal kingdom. The Shiva linga is often described in terms of light, crystal or
transparency. Shiva himself is said to be pure light or light in its primal
undifferentiated state, Prakasha matra.
The Shiva linga is connected to the upward pointed triangle, which is also the
symbol of fire. The linga is present in the male sexual organ both in plants and in
animals. But we should not ignore its other forms in recognizing that. The worship
of the linga is connected more generally to a worship of pillars, obelisks, standing
stones and pyramids. Tantric linga worship is connected to Vedic pillar worship (the
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49
Vedic stambha, skambha, dharuna),

which has parallels throughout the
ancient world and in indigenous
cultures in general who can still
perceive the spiritual powers behind
the formations of nature.
The linga and the yoni always
go together, first of all on the level of
opposites, as the upward and
Ministry of Linga and Yoni in My Son
downward pointed triangles. The linga with the yoni below it, the standing stone
and the ring base, show the union of male and female energies, not just in sexuality,
but also as electro-magnetic forces.
In addition, the linga in its movement creates a yoni, just as a point in its
movement can create a circle. We can see this in the circular movement of the stars,
planets and nebulae, as well as many other diverse phenomena in the world of nature.
The central luminary is the linga and its field of revolution is the yoni. The planets form
a yoni or circle as they revolve around the Sun as the linga, of the solar system, its
central principle or axis. Yet the Sun itself is revolving around other stars and creating a
yoni or circle of its own.
(from http://www.devipuram.com/ )
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50
UNIT 3:
PONAGAR FESTIVAL
1. What do you know about Ponagar festival?

2. Why do people organize the festival?
Ponagar temple is located on Cu Lao hill near Xom Bong bridge, north of
Nha Trang City. This temple was built from the 7th to 12th century. It is an important
place to Cham people and it is the place to celebrate festivals for the land mother.
Every year, Cham people
often organise
a festival at
Ponagar towers. This is the

greatest religeous festival in the
area. It is held from the 20th to the
23rd of the third lunar month. It is
held to remind people of the
region mother, who created the
Ponagar towers
region, maintained the race, discovered the rice plant, the main food of Cham people,
who taught people how to cultivate the plant and how to fight against the illness.
Ritual includes two chief periods: Changing cloth ceremony (on March 20th ).
This period consists of putting off clothes, old crown hat, bathing the Goddess
statute with fragrant water and putting on news
clothes. The worshipping
ceremony ( on the 23rd )is carried out in a supremely solemn atmosphere with
purpose of extolling Po Nagars virtues and wishing a peaceful, sufficent, happy life.
After the ritual, festival continues with
some
other
programs.
Especially,
dancing with balls is one kind of dance,

in this performance, many female artists
do
some
weaving,
difficult
bending
techniques
their
bodies.
like
A
competitive contest of festival is boat

racing. It is held in the river under tower.
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The offerings are prepared carefully
51
As a matter of fact, Po Nagar festival not only attracts local people but it can
possibly make a good impression on people from all over the country. They make a
trip to such place to join this ebulient carnival that only takes place once in a year.
People visit the tower to offer
incense and pray for health and
wealth. The first two rituals of the
Po Nagar Festival - the clotheschanging
ceremony
and
the
worshipping ceremony - are very

solemn. On the first day, people take
dresses and bonnets off the statues
Cham men
at the tower and bathe them with water infused with flowers. Then they put on new
dresses to honor the statues. The festival continues with the worshipping ceremony,
which includes sacrifices and ceremonial music. But after the solemnity come
entertainment, which features hat boi (traditional Central opera), dances, folk
games, and boat races in the nearby Cai River. Po Nagar Festival attracts a large
number of people from other regions.
Exercises
1. maintain
2. race
3. cultivate
4. period
5. ceremony
6. extol
7. sufficient
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a.
b.
c.
d.
praise enthusiastically
enough; adequate
shape or force (something straight ) into a curve or angle
cause or enable (a condition or situation) to continue
e. each of the major divisions of humankind, having distinct

physical characteristics
f. a religious or solemn ceremony consisting of a series of
actions performed according to a prescribed order
g. form (fabric or a fabric item) by interlacing long threads
passing in one direction with others at a right angle to
them
52
8. ritual
h. a gum, spice, or other substance that is burned for the
9. weave
sweet smell it produces

i. wish or hope strongly for a particular outcome or situation
10. bend
11. ebullient
12. incense
13. pray
14. solemn
j. formal and dignified

k. a womans or childs hat tied under the chin and with a
brim framing the face
l. raise or grow (plants),
m. a length or portion of time
n. a formal religious or public occasion, especially one
celebrating a particular event, achievement, or anniversary.
o. cheerful and full of energy
15. bonnet
16. honor
p. high respect; great esteem

q. an act of slaughtering an animal or person or surrendering
a possession as an offering to a deity
17. sacrifice
maintaining
sufficient
pray
race
cultivating
ritual
weave
solemn
bonnet
ceremonies
bending
honor
extol
incense
sacrifice
1. The Olympic Oath is a promise made by one athlete -- as a

representative of each of the participating Olympic competitors; and by one
judge -- as a representative of each officiating Olympic referee or other official,
at the opening ceremonies of each Olympic Games.
2. He the virtues of the Vietnamese peoples
3. A is a set of actions, performed mainly for their symbolic
value.
4. He had a small private income which was for her needs.
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53
5. Direct-burning comes in several forms, including incense

sticks (or "joss sticks"), cones, and pyramids.
6. People for many reasons such as personal benefit or for the
sake of others.
7. is a process by which metal can be plastically deformed and
its shape changed.
8. The way the warp and filling threads interlace with each other is called the
.
9. His portrait hangs in the place of .
10. is classification of humans into large and distinct
populations or groups by factors such as heritable phenotypic characteristics or
geographic ancestry, but also often influenced by and correlated with traits such
as appearance, culture, ethnicity, and socio-economic status.
11. Public relations (PR) is a field concerned with a public
image for businesses, non-profit organizations or high-profile people, such as
celebrities and politicians.
12. The most common kind of worn today is shaped similarly to
the kind of bonnets women used to wear, that is they cover the hair and ears, but
not the forehead.
13. may have a physical display or theatrical component: dance,
a procession, the laying on of hands.
14. is the offering of food, objects or the lives of animals or
people to the gods as an act of propitiation or worship.
15. Fungiculture
is
also
commonly
used
to
refer
to
the
practice
of
fungi by leafcutter ants, termites, ambrosia beetles, and

marsh periwinkles.
I. Reading comprehension
1. When do Cham people organise Ponagar festival?
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54
2. Why do they organise the festival?
3. How many periods in the ritual? What are they?
4. What do people do in each period?
5. What activities are conducted after the ritual?
6. What types of people do the festival attract?
7. What do people do when they visit the towers?
II. Grammar
Coordinating conjunctions
The short, simple conjunctions are called "coordinating conjunctions":
The 7 coordinating conjunctions are short, simple words. They have only two
or three letters. There's an easy way to remember them - their initials spell:
F
For
And
Nor
But
Or
Yet
So
Here are the meanings and some examples of coordinating conjunctions in English:
for: presents a reason ("He is gambling with his health, for he has been
smoking far too long.") (though "for" is more commonly used as a
preposition)
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55
and: presents non-contrasting item(s) or idea(s) ("They gamble, and they

smoke.")
nor: presents a non-contrasting negative idea ("They don't gamble, nor do

they smoke.")
but: presents a contrast or exception ("They gamble, but they don't smoke.")
or: presents an alternative item or idea ("Every day they gamble, or they
smoke.")
yet: presents a contrast or exception ("They gamble, yet they don't smoke.")
so: presents a consequence ("He gambled well last night, so he smoked a

cigar to celebrate.")
A coordinating conjunction joins parts of a sentence (for example words or

independent clauses) that are grammatically equal or similar. A coordinating
conjunction shows that the elements it joins are similar in importance and structure:
Word
Word
Clause
Clause
Look at these examples - the two elements that the coordinating conjunction joins
are shown in square brackets [ ]:
I like [tea] and [coffee].
[Ram likes tea], but [Anthony likes coffee].
[Jack] and [Jill] went up the hill.
[The water was warm], but [I didn't go swimming].
Coordinating conjunctions always come between the words or clauses that they
join.
When a coordinating conjunction joins independent clauses, it is always correct to
place a comma before the conjunction:
I want to work as an interpreter in the future, so I am studying Russian at

university.
However, if the independent clauses are short and well-balanced, a comma is not
really essential:
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56
She is kind so she helps people.
When "and" is used with the last word of a list, a comma is optional:
He drinks beer, whisky, wine, and rum.
He drinks beer, whisky, wine and rum.
Exercise: Complete the sentences by choosing the best coordinating

conjunction for each space.
and
but
or
so
1. According to the legend, Lady is mother of the region, who has the merit of
building the region, perpetuating the line, finding rice, . teaching
how to cultivate to the inhabitants... adored by the minority ethnos group
Chams.
2. Visitors will enjoy the group of five six islands situated close
to each other.
3. The four-sided structure is topped by a pyramid with a statue of the fourarmed Shiva riding Nandin, the enchanted ox at the apex, intricate
rock carvings of dancers and people rowing boats, grinding rice or hunting
with bows arrows cover the exterior.
4. The linga is a stylized phallus symbolizing Shiva the yoni a stylized
vulva symbolizing a goddess a Shakti.
5. Tourists who love sea can join sea-island tours to visit islands, dive, go fishing
rowing boat on the sea.
6. Legend has it that her statue was naked the Viet people coated it
with a beautiful dress to show their respect for the deity.
7. On March 20th, people take off the old hat . clothing, wash the
statue of the Lady with perfume water .
cover her with new
clothing.
8. Afterwards, on March 23rd, the ceremony of worshipping is celebrated in a
crowned way to praise the merits of the Mother . to pray for a
peaceful, happy life.
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57
9. An altar made of granite is placed at the base of the statue of ten-armed Po

Nagar. It was originally made out of hard incense wood . was
removed by the French in 1946.
10. Needless to say, the linga-yoni combination symbolizes fertility, not just of
humans . all living creatures.
11. Not only are the towers famous for their architecture and sculpture, but they are
also well-known for their great significance in history, nationalism, ..
archaeology.
III.
Festivals
A. Types of festivals
1. film festival
9. National Peanut Festival (NPF)
2. food festival
10. Renaissance fair, Renaissance
3. comedy festival
faire, or Renaissance festival
4. Japanese Cultural Festival
11. literary festival
5. Esala Perahera (the festival of the
12. music festival
tooth)
13. arts festival
6. oyster festival
14. Beer Festival
7. science festival
15. rock festival, or a rock fest
8. wine festivals
a. An .. is a festival that focuses on the visual arts in all its forms, but
which may also focus on or include other arts.
b. A . is an organised event during which a variety of beers (and often
other alcoholic drinks) are available for tasting and purchase. Beer festivals are
held in a number of countries.
c. A .. is a celebration of comedy with many shows, venues, comedy
performers and is held over a specific block of time.
d. The ( bunkasai?) is an annual event held by most schools
in Japan, from Nursery schools to universities at which their students display
their everyday achievements.
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58
e. . is the grand festival of Esala held in Sri Lanka. It is a Buddhist

festival consisting of dances and nicely decorated elephants. There are firedances, whip-dances, Kandian dances and various other cultural dances.
f. A .. is an organised, extended presentation of films in one or more
movie theaters or screening venues, usually in a single locality.
g. A . is a festival, usually held annually, that uses food, often produce,
as its central theme.
h. A ., also known as a book festival or writers' festival, is a regular
gathering of writers and readers, typically on an annual basis in a particular city.
i. A is a festival oriented towards music that is sometimes
presented with a theme such as musical genre, nationality or locality of
musicians, or holiday.
j. An .. is a food festival centered around the oyster. There are a
number of oyster festivals worldwide.
k. The .., the United States' largest peanut festival, is held each fall in
Dothan, Alabama, to honor peanut growers and to celebrate the harvest season.
l. A . is an outdoor weekend gathering, usually held in the United
States, open to the public and typically commercial in nature, which emulates a
historic period for the amusement of its guests.
m. A ., is a large-scale rock music concert, featuring multiple acts.
n. A . is a public event featuring a variety of science- and
technology-related activitiesfrom lectures, exhibitions, workshops, live
demonstrations of experiments, guided tours and panel discussions to cultural
events such as theater plays, readings and musical productions, all with the aim
of involving the general public in explorations of the different facets of science
o. Annual .. celebrate viticulture and usually occur after the harvest of
the grapes which mainly is at the end of September until well into October.
B. Match the festival with the countries

1. Carnivale
a. Edinburgh, Scotland
2. Thaipusam
b. Germany
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59
3. Oktoberfest
c. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
4. Day of the Dead
d. Japan and South Korea
5. Cherry Blossom Festival
e. China
6. Chinese New Year (spring
f. Ulan Bator, Mongolia
festival)
7. Nadaam festival
8. Songkran
g. Thailand, most famous in Chiang Mai

h. Southern parts of India, Malaysia,
Singapore, Sri Lanka
9. Fringe Festival
i. Munich, Germany
10. Love Parade
j. Pamplona, Spain
11. San Fermin Festival
k. Valencia, Spain
(Running of the Bulls)

12. La Tomatina
l. Throughout much of Latin America,

especially Mexico
A. Speaking
Activity 1
What are the questions that visitors would like to ask about Ponagar
festival?
What might you say in reply?
Activity 2
Choose a festival in Vietnam which you know well. In groups of four or five
students, prepare a presentation about the festival.
B. Writing
Topic: write about a festival you know (at your hometown, in Vietnam or in the
world).
The time it takes place
The place it takes place
How people organize it
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60
Activities in the festival

The reasons why it attracts tourists
New words
Rite [rait] (n) l, l nghi, nghi thc
Located on [lou'keit] (v) ta lc
Commemorate [k'memreit] (v) ky nim; tng ni m
Maintain [mein'tein] (v) duy tri
Race [reis] (n) danh t (sinh v t ho c) loi
Cultivate ['kltiveit] (v)
cy cy, tr ng tro t
Inhabitant [in'hbitnt] (n) ngi , ngi c tru, dn c

Take place: din ra
Celebrate ['selibretid] (v) lm l ky nim
Rituals ['ritul] (adj) (thu c) l nghi; c ve l nghi; theo l nghi
Fragrant ['freigrnt] (a): thm phng phc, thm ngat
Solemnly ['slmli] (adj) long tro ng; trang nghim
Virtues ['v:tu:] (n) c ha nh
Prosperious [pr'sperti] (n) s thinh
v ng; s phat a t; s ph n vinh; s
thnh cng
Attract ['trkt]
thu hut, h p dn, li cu n
Commemorate [k'memreit] ky nim; tng ni m

Inhabitants [in'hbitnt] (n) ngi , ngi c tru, dn c
FURTHER READING
HOW TO COPE WITH FESTIVALS AND EVENTS?
There are festivals and events throughout the year. Traditional festivals can be a
reason to attract travelers to a destination, while different events may feed the interest
of various travelers. Tour guides shall consider such special cases to promote unique
sightseeing tours.
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61
Firstly, a tour guide needs to be well equipped with the latest news. You shall know
what is going on this year. How long is the festival period? What celebration will take on
and where? Is there anything new this time? Then, you can design a special holiday
sightseeing tour. If there are big events in the city, e.g. Xian Horticultural Exposition in
2011, it is recommended to combine the event with routine tours. Travelers will therefore
have more choices during the visit.
Secondly, take negative factors into consideration. Are there a lot more visitors
into your destination during the festival? If yes, arrange transportation, hotel or activity
bookings in advance. Think proactively to provide a vivid tour while avoiding the
crowds. During the holiday period, do shops and restaurants still open as usual?
Thirdly, mind the local tradition and customs. Mind this especially for traditional
or religious festivals in your destination. Do local people welcome foreign visitors to join
the celebration? Will it bother your clients who hold a different religion? As a tour guide,
it is necessary to understand both the local custom and client needs.
Lastly, target the right market. Effective marketing will help you to receive
more travel clients. Think before you promote the festival tour - will my clients be
interested in this festival/event and is the timing right? For example, it is hard to
promote Christmas tour to people who spend the same period at home with families.
(source: http://localprivatetourguides.blogspot.com/2011/03/how-to-cope-withfestivals-and-events.html )
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62
UNIT 4:
CHONG PROMONTORY
1. What do you know about Chong Promontory?

2. Why does it attract a lot of tourists?
Coming to Nha Trang, visitors cant help to visit Ponagar Tower in the north
of Cai river estuary. It is a typical Champa architectural relic where worship the
lands mother (Thien Y Ana). Being several hundreds meters of Ponagar tower,
Chong Promontory consists of 2 big rock clumps with strange shapes in the foot of
Lasan hill.
Hon Chong Promontory is a
natural scenic spot in Vinh Phuoc
ward, Nha Trang city. It is a
peninsula
with
granite
stone
in
different sizes put together forming

magnificent sight. The Hon Chong
Promontory, located in the sand
dunes, looks like the work of a giant,
who carelessly put several
Hon Chong promontory
massive rocks together. On one side of the rock, facing the sea, there is a deep
handprint with the five fingers close together.
The name
Chong has two meanings in the Vietnamese language. The first is to stack.
The second is husband. Hon Chong is located on a stretch of rocky mass of land
famous for the thousands of smooth rocks stacking on one another. There are two
clusters of such rocks in the area called Hon Chong. One part is situated offshore
and the other is in the sand dunes at the Cu Lao fishing hamlet. The offshore cluster
includes layer after layer of massive rock emerging from the sea. These layers of
rocks act as natural wave breakers. The second is located near an islet called Sat
Thon. The cluster in the ocean is most impressive since there are large boulders
stacking on one another seemingly out-of-balance, yet remaining stable.
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63
Legend
According to a local legend, a long
time ago, there were beautiful places
with many wonderful fruits and trees
on the earth. So the fairies in the
heaven often came to there. Young
female fairies liked having a bath in
Suoi Tien stream (in Suoi Tien ward, in
Dien Khanh town). They took off their
clothes to swim in the stream while old
male fairies played chess on the big
stone. One day, a young giant passed
Rock with giant handprint
the stream. Accidentally, he saw the fairies, which have a bath. Being busy to
admire the fairies, he lost his footings. Then he was in hurried to firmly hold into
the rock. That made the rocks collapsed, and formed Chong Promontory Rocks
nowadays. A giant hand with 5 fingers printed on the big cubic meter of rock is still
remained. The cliff could not bear his heavy body so it was broken and dropped to
the sea forming Hon Chong.
The stone that he clang still has his
handprint with five fingerprints. The
other stones formed the heaven gate.
Another legend is that a giant man
went fishing here. One day a big fish
swallowed the bait, dragging him along.
His hands had to lean on rock, printed 5
fingers on it as people can see.
Hon Vo seen from Hon Chong promontory
Description
Hon Chong is a small crescent-shaped bay located near Nha Trang in Khanh
Hoa province. This location mainly consists of massive rocks laying on top of one
another. Hon Chong is divided into two parts. The first part is situated offshore and
the other, in sand dunes at Cu Lao fishing hamlet. The offshore cluster includes
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layer after layer of massive rock emerging from the sea. These layers of rocks act as
natural wave breakers.
On the side facing the shore,
there is an imprint of a large hand
with five fingers clearly outlined.
The locals call this rock Hon Chong
or the Husband. The second part,
Hon Chong Promontory, located in
the sand dunes, looks like the work
of a giant, carelessly putting
The heaven gate at Hon Chong promontary
together several massive rocks. On one side of the rock facing the sea is a deep
handprint with the five fingers closely gather together.
The cluster with the name Hon Vo or the Wife is not far away. The rocks in Hon
Vo cluster are as large as those in Hon Chong, but the they are closer together. A
somewhat romantic person explained that this name came about because the rocks here
snuggle against one another.
Going among rock field,
there are more strange shaped
rocks. The second rock clump has
a shape of a woman sitting,
looking at the sea. Therefore, it
was called Vo Promontory Rocks.
Looking northwest you'll spot Co
Tien mountain, or the Heavenly
Co Tien mountain and Hon Chong Promontory
Maid Mountains, so called

because their three ridges resemble the head, breasts and legs of a woman.
Immediately up the coast from the promontory is Hon Chong Beach,
scruffier and shinglier than the city beach and not so clean, but more secluded.
Cheap seafood restaurants proliferate at its far end. Though this area of town still
has a very natural feel to it, a new road being cut round the coast to the north will
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probably lead to hotel and resort development in the near future. At night, the views
from this new road across the bay to the central beach zone are very impressive.
(source: Wikipedia)
Exercises
I.
Match each word or phrase in the column at the left with its meaning in
the column on the right.
1. clump
2. peninsula
a. a small, narrow river

b. by chance; inadvertently
c. be composed or made up of
3. magnificent
4. dune
5. massive
d. shabby and untidy or dirty

e. a mass of small rounded pebbles, especially on a
seashore
f. keep (someone) away from other people
6. stack
7. stretch
8. cluster
g. increase rapidly in number; multiply

h. a place regarded in various religions as the abode of
God (or the gods) and the angels
i. cause or allow (something, especially food or drink)
9. stable
10. local
11. fairy
to pass down the throat

j. food placed on a hook or in a net, trap , or fishing
area to entice fish or other animals as prey
k. a small group of trees or plants growing closely
12. giant
13. stream
14. accidentally
together
l. a piece of land that is surrounded by water but
connected to mainland
m. extremely beautiful, elaborate, or impressive
15. heaven
16. swallow
17. bait
n. a mound or ridge of sand

o. a group of similar things
p. not likely to give way or overturn; firmly fixed
q. relating or restricted to a particular area or one's
18. lean
19. consist
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r. a small imaginary being of human form that has
66
20. scruffy
21. shingle
magical powers , especially a female one

s. an abnormally or extremely tall or large person
t. be in or move into a sloping position
22. seclude
23. proliferate
u. large and heavy or solid

v. arrange (a number of things ) in a pile, typically a
neat one
w. extend or spread over an area
II.
Choose the suitable words that has the same meaning with the underlined
ones.
1. Chong Promontory consists of 2 big rock clumps with strange shapes in the foot
of Lasan hill.
a. includes
c. mades up of
b. excludes
d. contains
2. It is a peninsula with granite stone in different sizes put together.

a. island
c. islet
b. land
d. a piece of land almost

surrounded by water
3. The Hon Chong Promontory, located in the sand dunes, looks like the work of a
giant, who carelessly put several massive rocks together.
a. small girl
c. big man
b. small man
d.extremely tall or large person
4. Accidentally, he saw the fairies having have a bath. Being busy to admire the
fairies, he lost his footings.
a. inadvertently
c. intentionally
b. on purpose
d. chance
5. This location mainly consists of massive rocks laying on top of one another.
a. small
c. solid
b. large and heavy
d. tiny
6. Immediately up the coast from the promontory is Hon Chong Beach, scruffier
and shinglier than the city beach and not so clean, but more secluded.
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a. cleaner
c. more dirty
b. tidier
d. clear
7. A . can also be a headland (head), cape, island promontory, bill,

point, or spit.
a. islet
c. mountain
b. rock
d. peninsula
8. The cliff could not bear his heavy body so it was broken and dropped to the sea
forming Hon Chong.
a. give birth to
c. endure
b. carry
d. support
9. Kruger National Park is a magnificent place to view wildlife and relax

a. extremely beautiful
c. very good
b. good
d. high standard
10. In most cases the dunes are important in protecting the land against potential
ravages by storm waves from the sea.
a. sea coast
c. a desert
b. a hill of sand
d. a mount

1. What is Hon Chong?
2. What does the word Chong mean?
3. Tell the two legend about Hon Chong?
4. How many parts is Hon Chong divided?
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5. Describe the parts.
6. Why does the mountain in the northwest of Hon chong has the name Co
Tien?
III. Grammar
Like and As
The word like is a preposition, not a conjunction. It can, therefore, be used to
introduce a prepositional phrase ("My brother is tall like my father"), but it should
not be used to introduce a clause ("My brother can't play the piano like as he did
before the accident" or "It looks like as if basketball is quickly overtaking baseball
as America's national sport."). To introduce a clause, it's a good idea to use as, as
though, or as if, instead.
Like As I told you earlier, the lecture has been postponed.
It looks like as if it's going to snow this afternoon.
Johnson kept looking out the window like as though he had someone waiting
for him.
In formal, academic text, it's a good idea to reserve the use of like for situations in
which similarities are being pointed out:
This community college is like a two-year liberal arts college.
However, when you are listing things that have similarities, such as is probably
more suitable:
The college has several highly regarded neighbors, like such as the Mark Twain
House, St. Francis Hospital, the Connecticut Historical Society, and the UConn Law
School.
Fill in the blanks with as or like
1. The Hon Chong Promontory, located in the sand dunes, looks the
work of a giant, who carelessly put several massive rocks together.
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2. A cluster of rocks offshore serves natural wave breaker.

3. Situated in the very heart of the city, but Chong island can meet all your
satisfactions by offering a wide range of services mountain
climbing, beach sightseeing, sea bathing.
4. On the rocky ground, several rocks stand strangely on one another such
two rocks standing upright with another big rock lying between like
a big stone gate to another group of rocks.
5. It is a huge stone complex multishaped in piles running from the high coast
down to the beach, which looks having been arranged and built by
hands of a giant in a naughty game.
6. Hon Chong Promontory, located in the sand dunes near Cu Lao fishing hamlet,
looks the work of a giant who has put several massive rocks
together.
7. The first peak is her face opening into the sky with its hill slope her
hair stretching to the sea, the middle one is her breasts and the highest one is her
crossed legs.
8. On the rocky ground, several rocks stand strangely on one another such
two rocks standing upright with another big rock lying between like
a big stone gate to another group of rocks.
A. Speaking
Activity 1
1. What are the questions that visitors would like to ask about Ponagar festival?
Activity 2
Choose a tourist destination in Vietnam which you know well. In groups of four or five
students, prepare a presentation about toursist attractions and activities in that place
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B. Writing
Topic: prepare a 15 minute commentary on Chong Promontory
The position
The legend
The description
The view around
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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UNIT 5:
INSTITUTE OF OCEANOGRAPHY IN NHATRANG
1. What can you see at the Institute of Oceanography?

2. What do you know about Institute of Oceanography?
Institute of Oceanography
Nha Trang is an excellent location for tropical oceanographic research
because it is close to the ocean, of course, and the waters are deep. The Institute of
Oceanography is like a Marine Animal Museum with more than 20,000 sea and
freshwater specimens, as well as living creatures that are kept in glass tanks.
Functions and tasks
The Institute of Oceanography in Nha Trang has the Functions and tasks as follow:
1. Research on the scientific and technological problems in
the natural
conditions, the status and processes of marine environmental pollution, the special
phenomena in the sea, the marine techniques and technologies etc.
2. Coordinate with the research and producing agencies in the country to
implement and apply the research results into production and the life, transmission
of the advanced technologies in the above mentioned fields from the foreign
countries into Vietnam.
3. Participating in the training on the scientific and technological researchers
on oceanography.
4. Develop international cooperation in the fields of oceanography.
5. Construction and develop facilities for the scientific and technological
researches, implementation, application and transmission of advanced technologies in the
research fields of the IO.
6. Management of staffs, infrastructure and other properties of the IO.
Location
The Oceanoghraphy Institute was built in 1923. It is set at the foot of Cnh
Long hill, next to Cu a port, about 6 km to the southeast of the centre of Nha
Trang city. It is one of the first centre for scientific research in Viet Nam and it is
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also the institute that is in charge of preservation of exhibits and research works on
tropical seas.
The institute was built on
the optinum position. It was
built by the tropical sea, at the
area where the hot and the
cold currents meet. At this
area there are many kinds of
fish, and marine creatures. So it
is easy to study the marine
A humpback whale skeleton of 18m in length and 10 tonnes

in weight excavated inNam Ha Province in 1994.
creature here.
The institute has an aquarium and specimens of over 20.000 samples with
more than 4.000 samples of sea creature including stuffed sea birds fish and corals,
some samples comes from Campodia sea and Thailand bay. Every year the aquarium
is always added more precious and unusual species. Especially in the institute you
can see a huge skeleton of a whale which is 26 metre in length, 3m in height with 49
vertebrae. According to scientists, this skeleton is about 200 years old. It is the
present of Nam H province to the institute. Besides the whale skeleton, you can see
many other ones.
Besides the live samples which
are raised in glass pond, there are also
many fossils of sea creatures.
When you come here you can
see a great collection of sea creature
that includes many kinds of flashy
corals, fish with rays,
fish with
thorns. There are many kinds of
Marine Creature Museum
surprising sea creature here.

There are about 5 areas in this institute:
1. The service room: at this area you can ask any questions about sea, fish, etc.
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2. The area raises precious sea creatures such as shark, seaturtle, moray eel,
horseshoe crab, starfish, jellyfish, tube anemone, corals, ect.
3. The area that exposes strange specimens
4. The area that exposes multiform sea creatures
5. The area that exposes Vietnam oceanography technology: tools and
machines of fisherman and of scientists.
You can buy gifts for your friends at the souvenir shop at the entrance. The gifts are
made from many kind of shells and sea creatures.
Oceanographic Museum
Aquariums of Marine Species
There are many marine
species with various colours
and different shapes which
are living in coral reefs
such as: sea anemone,
clown fish, blue & red
starfish,
sea
lily,
sea
urchin, sea cucumber,
Samples of a Chinese fish species
lobster, Picasso fish, scorpion fish, stone fish, angel fish, blue dam shellfish,
cleaning shrimp.
Marine Species in big Aquariums and Tanks
Scorpion fish is a typical species in tropical areas. They have mixed colour
between red-brown and yellow. The two front fins usually stretch as bird wings, the
back fin is shaggy with 13 poisonous prickles, tail fins are thin and transparent with
several spots like Japanese paper fan. Scorpion fishes have likely dragon head and
flexible body to move like beautiful dancers.
Horse-shoe crabs usually live in couple. Sometimes, five or six males follow
tenaciously a female one. Horse-shoe Crabs are considered as living fossils on the
Earth which appeared about 400 million years ago.
Many big marine fishes including Black Tip Reef Shark, Leopard Shark and
Ray... attract people by their briskly movement and food catching. Moreover, sharks
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with very sharp and pointed teeth may be thought as Evil Genius in ocean that can
be also found at the Aquarium.
Sea turtle with some rare species in Vietnam such as Haws Bill turtle and
Green turtle...
Marine Species in Small Aquaria
The symbiosis between sea anemone and clown fish is an interesting
characteristic of the two species. There is a golden friendship among themselves. In
fact, only clown fish can adapt sea anemone's tentacles which are full of poisonous
substance used to attack their enemies. Clown fishes play in sea anemone's tentacles
as a safety area. However, they have responsibility to bring foods to sea anemone.
Many colourful species belong to the family of Butter fly fish

(Chaetodontidae), Spotted Sweetlip and Striped Sweetlip fish (Plectorhynchus
chaetodonoides, P. gaterinoides), Longfin Banner (Heniochus acuminatus),
Wrass (Labridae), Surgeon fish (Acanthurus spp., Naso spp.) etc.
Many other rare species belong to family of Blue Angel fish such as
Emperor Angel (Pomacanthus imperator), Blue Ringed Angel (P.
annularis), Clown Trigger (Balistoide conspicillum), Ribbon Moray Eel
(Rhinomuraena quaesita)
Sea Horse (Hippocampus spp.), Groupers, Picasso fish... characterized by

their typical colour and shape living peacefully in coral reef. .) etc
Museum of Marine Biodiversity

The museum keeps and displays about 20,000 specimens collected through
monitoring trips in the East Sea (Bien Dong) and some other contiguous areas.
Specimens introduce biodiversity of marine and encourage people to conserve
environment of ocean. The specimens are arranged based on biological
development and evolvement of marine species.
Big Specimens
Humpbacked Whale's skeleton: 18 m in length and 18,000 kg in weight

(excavated in Ha Nam province in 1994)
Siren's skeleton (Dugong dugon) was excavated in Con Dao in November 1997.
Dugong is a threatened species of extinction.
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Other big Specimens of Fish: Sun fish and Blanket ray (Manta fish)
Small specimens
Swallows with very valuable nests which are made up from their spittle
always live on sheer cliffs.
Blue spot octopus specimen was first collected in Vietnam in 1999. This
species has very strong poison that may cause death if people are bitten.
You can also find several specimens of seal, sturgeon and King crab, Giant
clam, dolphin etc,
You can also find several specimens of seal, sturgeon and King crab, Giant
clam, dolphin etc,
Specimens of corals, seaweeds and shellfish at the Oceanographic Museum.

Departing the Institute of Oceanography, visitors will surely have useful
knowledge of the marine potential and preservation work of the Vietnamese

oceanography as well as people's awareness of protecting the ocean.
Exercises
1. specimen
a. an individual animal, plant, piece of a mineral, etc.

used as an example of its species or type for scientific
2. creature
3. tank
study or display
b. an animal or person
c. a receptacle with transparent sides in which to keep
4. research
fish; an aquarium
d. investigate systematically
5. marine
6. oceanography
e. relating to or found in the sea

f. the branch of science that deals with the physical and
biological properties and phenomena of the sea
7. field
g. a particular branch of study

h. an organization having a particular purpose, especially
one that is involved with science, education, or a
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8. institute
specific profession
i. maintain (something) in its original or existing state
9. preserve
10. exhibit
j. an object or collection of objects on public display in

an art gallery or museum or at a trade fair
k. best
11. optimum
l. a transparent tank of water in which live fish and other

water creatures and plants are kept
12. aquarium
13. sample
m. a small part or quantity intended to show what the

whole is like
n. the remains or impression of a prehistoric plant or
14. fossil
animal embedded in rock and preserved in petrified

form.
15. flashy
16. ray
o. ostentatiously attractive or impressive

p. the straight line in which light or other
electromagnetic radiation travels to a given point.
17. thorn
q. a stiff, sharp-pointed woody projection on the stem or

other part of a plant
18. symbiosis
19. protect
r. interaction between two different organisms living in

close physical association, typically to the advantage
of both
s. keep safe from harm or injury
II. Choose the suitable words that has the same meaning with the underlined ones
1. The institute was built on the optinum position.
a. bad
c. good
b. best
d. nice
2. The institute has an aquarium and specimens of over 20.000 samples with more than
4.000 samples of sea creature including stuffed sea birds fish and corals, some samples
comes from Campodia sea and Thailand bay.
a. water
c. glass
b. fish
d. fish tank
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3. Every year the aquarium is always added more precious and unusual species.
a. big
c. of great value
b.spacious
d. usual
4. The gifts are made from many kind of shells and sea creatures.
a. talent
c. opportunity
b. presents
d. ornament
5. The two front fins usually stretch as bird wings, the back fin is shaggy with 13
poisonous prickles, tail fins are thin and transparent with several spots like Japanese
paper fan.
a. the limbs of fish
c. animal limb
b. flipper
d. man-made device
6. Many other rare species belong to family of Blue Angel fish such as Emperor
Angel (Pomacanthus imperator), Blue Ringed Angel (P. annularis), Clown Trigger
(Balistoide conspicillum), Ribbon Moray Eel (Rhinomuraena quaesita)
a. unusually good
c. remarkable
b. not occurring very often
d. not found in large numbers
7. Dugong is a threatened species of extinction

a. becoming alive
c. the end of a species
b. becoming exist
d. evolution
8. Siren's skeleton (Dugong dugon) was excavated in Con Dao in November 1997.
a. remove
c. buried
b. dig out from the ground
d. revealed
9. Departing the Institute of Oceanography, visitors will surely have useful

knowledge of the marine potential and preservation work of the Vietnamese
oceanography as well as people's awareness of protecting the ocean.
a. relating to the sea
c. relating to the space
b. relating to the land
d. relating to the weather
10. In fact, only clown fish can adapt sea anemone's tentacles which are full of
poisonous substance used to attack their enemies.
a. being injured
c. capable of causing death
b. useful
d. edible
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11. Every year the aquarium is always added more precious and unusual species.
a. commonly
c. famous
b. not commonly
d. popular
III. Grammar
Subordinating Conjunctions
A subordinating conjunction joins a subordinate (dependent) clause to a main
(independent) clause:
Look at this example:
main or
Subordinating
subordinate or
independent clause
Conjunctions
dependent clause
John went swimming
although
it was raining.
He took to the stage as though he had been preparing for this moment all his
life.
Because he loved acting, he refused to give up his dream of being in the

movies.
Unless we act now, all is lost.
Notice that some of the subordinating conjunctions in the table below after,
before, since are also prepositions, but as subordinators they are being used to
introduce a clause and to subordinate the following clause to the independent
element in the sentence.
Common Subordinating Conjunctions
after
if
though
although
if only
till
as
in order that
unless
as if
now that
until
as long as
once
when
as though
rather than
whenever
because
since
where
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before
so that
whereas
even if
than
wherever
even though
that
while
Exercise
Fill in the blanks with when, because, since, although, if, or after
1. .. breakfast we went in search of the Oceanographic institute, but just
before we got there we ran out of petrol!
2. Ferdi had researched a waterproof camera bag for our little Sony camera before
they are much cheaper than a full marine pack (these cost as much as
the camera).
3. .. Nha Trang is 1,280 km far away from Hanoi and 448 km from Ho Chi
Minh city, it is easily accessible for tourists by all means of transport: by road, rail,
air and waterway.
4. .. you would like to get to know about this City, please come and join
them on any of those occasions.
5. .. the institute does not have the modern equipment and facilities to be
considered of the same caliber as most western aquariums, it still maintains a fair
number of samples in smaller aquariums.
6. .. you are a young active person, longing for sports activities to refresh
your mind, Nha Trang is the right place for you.
7. The cluster in the ocean is most impressive .. there are large boulders
stacking on one another seemingly out-of-balance, yet remaining stable.
8. Nha Trang is an excellent location for tropical oceanographic research ..
it is close to the ocean, of course, and the waters are deep.
9. According to local legend, a drunk giant male fairy made the handprint on the
stone .. he fell while spying a female fairy bathing nude at Bai Tien
(Fairy Beach), the point of land closest to Hon Rua.
10. .. you are a scholor coming here to discover historical sides, you must
drop by Thap B Ponagar (a Champa Tower), Palace of King Bo i, Long
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Sn pagoda, Nha Trang Oceanography Institute, the largest of its kind in

Indochina where thousands of oceanic life samples, exhibits are on display.
11. .. the most widely distributed dunes are those associated with coastal
regions, the largest complexes of dunes are found inland in dry regions and
associated with ancient lake or sea beds.
12. Once upon a time time in the old days, there was a big meeting happened in the
heaven, chaired by the Lord to look for resorts for the heaven staffs ..
they were on leave for holidays.
V. VOCABULARY
Match the words with the pictures
1.
shrimp = prawn
18. eel
2.
seadragon
19. jelly fish
3. dugong
4. clam
5. crab
6. sea cucumber
7. swordfish
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
lobster=crawfish
sponge
squid= cuttlefish
starfish
whale
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
octopus
seahorse
sea urchin
shark
seaweed
sea turtle
porcupine fish
oyster
scallop
carviar
tuna
herring
coral
dolphin
mackerel
razor clam
salmon
sole
17. sardine
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81
1.
3..
2. .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. .
8. .
9.
10. .
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11. .
12. .
13. .
14. .
15. .
16. .
17. .
18. .
19. .
20. .
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21. .
22. .
23. .
24. .
25. .
26. .
27. .
28. .
29. .
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30. .
84
31. .
32. .
33. .
34. .
A. Speaking
What are the questions that visitors would like to ask about Institute of
Oceanography in Nha Trang ?
B. Writing
Topic: introduce the Institute of Oceanography in Nha Trang
The location
The history
The sea creatures in the institute
The task/function of the institute
.
.
.
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
New words
Oceanography [,'ngrafi] (n) hi dng hc
Wharf [w:f] c u tau (c u truc b ng g ho c a mep nc , ni tau be co
th bo neo l y hang , d hang) Establish [is'tbli] l p, thnh lp, thi t
l p, ki n l p
Scientific research: nghin cu khoa hc
Research [ri's:t, 'ri:s:t] danh t
Location [lou'kein] (n) ia i m, v tr
oceanographic [oujnou'grfik] (a) thu c hai dng ho c
Specimen ['spesimn] (n) mu v t ( nghin cu, su t p..)
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UNIT 6: LONG SON PAGODA

1. When was Long Son pagoda built?
2. What do you know about Long Son Pagoda?
Buddhism is one of the most popular religions among Vietnamese people. So

there are a lot of pagodas in Vietnam. And Nha Trang is not an exception. The
famous pagoda in Nha Trang is Long Son Pagoda.
Location
Perhaps the most impressive
sight in Nha Trang, aside from the
beach and Cham towers, is Long
Son Pagoda, This is the biggest
Buddhist pagoda in Khanh Hoa,
formerly
the
Branch
Buddhist
Institute
of
of
the
Central
Vietnam with a great white Buddha

statue overlooking most
Long Son pagoda
of Nha Trang City. The pagoda is situated at the foot of
Trai Thuy Hill, on 23/10 street. It's about 500m west of the train station. It is quite
near the centre of Nha Trang so it is very noisy outside but it is quiet and peaceful
inside. There is a small flower garden with many kinds of flowers in front of it.
History
The Pagoda was first built on Mount Trai Thuy in 1886 and named ng
Long T (Dragon riding Pagoda). In 1900, the Pagoda was damaged in a storm
and was rebuilt down the mountain in its present location, at the foot of Mount Trai.
The pagoda had to be restored several times in the 20th century.
In 1936, the Buddhist Studies Association made the temple the headquarters
of the Buddhist Association in Khanh Hoa Province. In 1940, the temple was
renovated and expanded under the leadership of Thch Tn Tht Quyn and a lay
Buddhist by the named of V nh Thy. In 1968, the temple was heavily damaged
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during the Vietnam War, in particular the tiled roof. In 1971, Thch Thin Bnh
organised for the capital works program to restore the temple, which was around
60% complete in accordance with the plans of the architect V nh Dip when it
was interrupted by the Fall of Saigon and the communist victory over South
Vietnam. This pagoda was built to commemorate the monks and nuns who died
while fighting against the Diem government.
In the restoration in 1980, it was rebuilt with modern architecture at the foot
of Tri Thy Hill because of a storm, but it hasnt lost its peaceful and imposing
aspect with many old trees .
Construction
The construction is in harmony with nature around. The overall architecture
bears much modernity compared to many others ancient pagodas. Yet, it is still
attractive to many thanks to the majestic structure, beautiful landscapes, and an easy
access from the roads. Beside the huge pagoda are rows of classrooms, offices, etc.
hidden in the foliage of age-old trees and orchards that ease down ones mind and
enhance the quietness of the place.
In the main hall you can see a big Buddha statue made of bronze. The statue is
about 700 kg in weight and 1.6 metre in height.
To get to the top of the hill you have to go up on 183 stone steps. At the top
you will see a very big Buddha statue. The statue was made in 1964. It is 24 metre
high. The Buddha sits on a lotus pedestal. It is 14 metre high. Around the pedestal
you will see the portraits of monks who devoted their life for Buddhism in 1963.
They did not fight against the government who did not like Buddha but they burned
themselves to show their own opinion. At the top of Tri Thy hill you will have
panoramic view of Nha Trang city and you can see the other two pagodas nearby:
Hi c and Bu Long. On the way to the top you can see i Hng Chung- the
big bell. It was made of 1.5 ton of bronze. It is 2.2m in height, it is made of copper, and
is produced in Hue in September 2002.The temple grounds also includes a garden.
The main hall
The entrance and roofs are decorated with mosaic dragons constructed of
glass and bits of ceramic tile. The main sanctuary is an attractive hall adorned with
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modern interpretations of traditional motifs. Note the ferocious nose hairs on the
colourful dragons wrapped around the pillars on either side of the main altar.
Inside Long Son Pagoda - The Buddhist Worship Area there are two very
large candles (about three metres high) which could be burn for three months.
Among the interesting things to see is the naturally lit image of Buddha
displayed in this pagoda. There is also the 14-m red brass statue of Buddha sitting
on a lotus pedestal.
The white Buddha statute
At the top of the hill, behind the
pagoda, is a huge white Buddha (Kim
Than Phat To) seated on a lotus blossom
and visible from all over the city. The
platform around the 14m-high figure,
which was built in 1963, has great views
of Nha Trang and nearby rural areas. As
you approach the pagoda from the street,
the 183 stone steps up the hill to the
Buddha begin to the right of the structure.
You should take some time to explore off
to the left, where there's an entrance to
another impressive hall of the pagoda.
There is a huge white statue of Sakyamuni Buddha sitting on a lotus pedestal,

which erected in 1964-1965, 24m high not including its pedestal being 14m high.
Inside the white buddha statute there is a room. Before entering the room
visitors will see two statues, one with a mild face and the other with a fierce face,
guarding the entrance.
Large Reclining Buddha
On the way to the big white Buddha statute visitors will see the statue of the
Reclining Buddha (Nirvana). It is 17 metres long and 5 metres high, and around the
Buddha there is the representation of the 49 monks praying. The Statue was built in
2003 by the Buddhist community of Nha Trang.
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Surrounding
From the Long Son Pagoda, there is a large road leading up to Hai Duc Pagoda
along the crest of the hill, where there is a large white concrete statue of Gautama
Buddha. The statue was built on the site of the original temple and was cast in 1964
before being installed the following year. From the ground up, the statues is 24 m,
and from the base of the statue, it is 21 m. The figure of the Buddha is 14 m while
the lotus blossom comprises 7 m. Around the buddha are statues of seven arahants.
In front of the statue are a pair of dragons, which are 7.20 m long. The statue is
visible from afar as one enters the city, from either the national highway or by train.
EXERCISES
1. religion
a. a member of a religious community of women
2. pagoda
b. large water lilies
3. damage
c. the base or support on which a statue, obelisk, or
4. restore
column is mounted
5. renovate
d. savagely fierce, cruel, or violent
6. interrupt
e. lean or lie back in a relaxed position with the back
7. monk
supported
8. nun
f. the action of speaking or acting on behalf of someone
9. ancient
g. belonging to the very distant past and no longer in
10. foliage
existence
11. lotus
h. plant leaves collectively
12. pedestal
i. a painting, drawing , photograph, or engraving of a
13. portrait
person, especially one depicting only the face or head
14. devote
and shoulders
15. pillar
j. give all or most of one's time or resources to
16. altar
k. a tall vertical structure of stone , wood, or metal, used
17. sanctuary
as a support for a building, or as an ornament or
18. adorn
monument
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19. ferocious
20. recline
21. representation
l. the belief in and worship of a superhuman controlling

power, especially a personal God or gods
m. a Hindu or Buddhist temple
n. physical harm that impairs the value
o. repair
p. restore (something old, especially a building) to a
good state of repair
q. stop the continuous progress
r. a member of a religious community of men
s. a table or flat-topped block used as the focus for a
religious ritual, especially for making sacrifices or
offerings to a deity
t. safety from pursuit, persecution, or other danger
u. make more beautiful or attractive
religions
damage
restore
renovate
monks
ancient
foliage
pedestal
nuns
pillar
devote
sanctuary
adorn
ferocious
altar
reclining
1. Visitors to the of Tram Gian Pagoda will be welcomed by a fragrant

lotus pond.
2. and of the Middle Ages provided shelter, taught
others to read and write, prepared medicine, sewed clothes for others, and
helped others in times of need.
3. Giac Lam Pagoda is a representative of the pagodas in the south,
and contains historical, cultural, architectural and religious sculptural values.
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4. Japanese Pagoda Tree, common name for a deciduous tree (a tree that loses all
of its each year) that is native to China and Korea and cultivated
worldwide, member of the legume family.
5. Many have narratives, symbols, traditions and sacred histories that
are intended to give meaning to life or to explain the origin of life or the universe.
6. The fire that caused heavy to the landmark pagoda building at
Point Defiance Park in Tacoma was arson, according to police.
7. You will also observe monks making the various moldings, which
the pagodas in Siem Reap.
8. The Quan Am pagodas roof is decorated with awesome scenes from
traditional plays and stories rendered in ceramic. These figures include ships,
people, and lots of looking dragons.
9. Thay pagoda is also known as Thien Phuc (Heavenly Blessing) and is dedicated
to Thich Ca Buddha (Sakyamuni, the historical Buddha). To the left of the main
is a statue of the 12th-century monk Tu Dao Hanh, the master in
whose honour the pagoda is named. To the right is a statue of King Ly Nhan
Tong, who is believed to have been a reincarnation of Tu Dao Hanh.
10. After 1975, when Vietnam was completely independent, people started to
repair and the Van Linh pagoda.
11. The Reading Pagoda, a 72-ft. tall Japanese style brick and tile building on
Mount Penn, sits 886 feet above the city of Reading, was built in 1908 and in
2006 Mayor Thomas McMahon decided to the Pagoda for its 100
year anniversary.
12. Thirty-five years old, the Buddha would the rest of his life to
bringing his teachingsthe Dharma, the fundamental laws of all thingsinto
the world.
13. Hoi Khanh pagoda in Thu Dau Mot town in the southern Binh Duong Province
has become home to Vietnams longest Buddha idol.
14. In the imperial China, a stone tortoise called bixi was traditionally used as the
for important stele, especially those associated with emperors
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15. From the outside, Clay pagoda resembles more of a resident house than a pagoda,
without any or wooden panel like typical pagoda architecture.
1. Where is Long Song Pagoda located?
2. Where was it first built?
3. What was its first name?
4. Why was it rebuilt at the foot of the hill?
5. What can visitors see in the main hall?
6. How can visitors get to the top of the hill?
7. what is the measure of the white buddha statute?
8. What can visitors see at the top of Trai Thuy hill?
9. What is i Hng Chung?
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10. what is the measure of the reclining Buddha?
IV. Grammar
Using the Passive (2)
In each of the following sentences there is one mistake. Find and correct it.
1. The Pagoda was first build on Mount Trai Thuy in 1886 and named ng Long
T (Dragon riding Pagoda).
2. In 1900, the Pagoda is damaged in a storm and was rebuilt down the mountain in
its present location, at the foot of Mount Trai.
3. The pagoda had to been restored several times in the 20th century.
4. In 1940, the temple was renovate and expanded under the leadership of Thch
Tn Tht Quyn and a lay Buddhist by the named of V nh Thy.
5. In 1968, the temple was been heavily damaged during the Vietnam War, in
particular the tiled roof.
6. This pagoda were built to commemorate the monks and nuns who died while
fighting against the Diem government.
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7. In the restoration in 1980, it has rebuilt with modern architecture at the foot of
Tri Thy Hill because of a storm, but it hasnt lost its peaceful and imposing
aspect with many old trees .
8. The entrance and roofs is decorated with dragon mosaics which are built from glass
and ceramic tiles.
9. The main ceremonial hall has adorned with modern interpretations of classical
motifs.
10. The nasal hairs of the dragons is wrapped around the pillars on either side of the
main altar.
11. The platform around the 14m-high figure, which were built in 1963, has great
views of Nha Trang and nearby rural areas.
12. The statue has being built on the site of the original temple
A. Speaking
Activity 1
What are the questions that visitors would like to ask about Long Son
pagoda?
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Activity 2
Choose pagoda in Nhatrang which you know well. In groups of four or five
students, prepare a presentation about it.
B. Writing
Topic: prepare a 15 minute commentary on Long Son Pagoda
The history of the pagoda
The mainhall
The way to the statute
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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New words
Be damaged: b h hng
Present location: v tr hin nay
Originate ['ridineit] (v) b t u, khi u; b t ngu n t
Underwent [,nd'gou] (v) chu ng, tri qua(kh khn, au n)
Restoration [,rest'rein] (n) s sa cha li, s tu b la;i
Lotus (n): hoa sen
pedestal ['pedistl] (n) ct; b, n ( t t ng, cng trin
h iu kh)c
Erect [i'rekt] (a) th ng, ng th ng
Modernity [m'd:niti] (n) tnh cht hin i
Majestic [m'destik] (a) trang l, huy hoang
Structure: cu trc
Landscape ['lndskeip] (n) phong canh
Access ['kses] (n) ng vao
Foliage ['fouliid] (n) tan la, b la
Orchard [':td] (n) vn cy n qua
Enhance [in'h:ns] ( v)
lm tng , nng cao , cao , lm ni bt (c tin

h,
quy n ha n...)
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UNIT 7: ALEXANDRE YERSIN MUSEUM
1. Where is Alexandre Yersin museum located?

2. Why is it famous?
3. Have you ever come there?
4. What do you know about it?
Alexandre Yersin Museum

Dr Alexandre Yersin (1863-1943) founded Nha Trang's Pasteur Institute in
1895. Apart from being a fully-fledged vaccination and hygiene research institute, the
Pasteur Institute at Nha Trang also contains a museum dedicated to the life and work of
its founding director, Swiss-French scientist Dr Alexandre Yersin, which had a
profound effect on medical care in Vit Nam during the early years of this century.
Yersins library, office and living quarters are preserved in period style. A video film
about Yersin and his discovery of a plague bacillus in Hong Kong in 1894 (in French
only) may be viewed on request.
Today, the Pasteur Institute in Nha
Trang coordinates vaccination and
hygiene programmes for the country's
southern coastal region. The institute
produces vaccines and carries out
medical
research
and
testing
to
European standards. Physicians at the

clinic here offer medical advice to
Alexandre Yersin Museum
around 70 patients a day. Vietnam's

two other Pasteur Institutes are in HCMC and Dalat. Yersin's library and office are
now an interesting Alexandre Yersin Museum. Items on display include laboratory
equipment (such as his astronomical instruments), books from his library, a
fascinating 3-D photo viewer and some of the thousand or so letters written to his
mother! The model boat was given to him by local fishermen with whom he spent a
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great deal of his time. Tours of the museum are guided in French, English and
Vietnamese, and a short film on Yersin's life is also shown.
Alexandre Yersin biography
Dr Alexandre Yersin (1863-1943) was probably the Frenchman most loved
by the Vietnamese. He is an excellent professor who devoted all his life and works
to the scientific research for mankinds benefits.
Alexandre Yersin (1863-1943) was born in Switzerland to a Swiss father and a
French mother. He studied in Switzerland and later moved to France where he
obtained a degree in medicine. He came to Vietnam in 1889 after working under
Louis Pasteur in Paris. He learned to speak Vietnamese fluently, and spent the next
few years travelling throughout the central highlands and recording his
observations. During this period he came upon the site of what is now Dalat and
recommended to the government that a hill station be established there. Yersin also
introduced rubber and quinine-producing trees to Vietnam.
He travelled to Nha Trang for the first time in 1891.
Then he arrived and settled in Nha Trang in
to
establish the first enterprise of virology in Vietnam.

In 1894, while in Hong Kong, he discovered the ratborne microbe that causes bubonic plague. At the end
of 1899, he came back and established the Pasteur
Institute. He devoted 50 years of his life to
microbiology, virology, and epidemic research and he
was the one to develop a vaccine against the bubonic
plague. He also recommended to the government to
establish a hill station in what is now Da Lat.
Alexandre Yersin (1863-1943)
Living modestly, he gained the trust of Cn hamlet villagers. He travelled in

the mountains and recorded his observations. He also recommended to the
government to establish a hill station in what is now Dalat.
After 50 years of devoting his life to scientific research at Pasteur Institute
(1891-1943), he handed down 55 works of valuable scientific research.
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Yersin died in Nha Trang on 1 March 1943. According to the instructions in

his will, his body was buried with his face touching the ground and facing the sea so
that he could forever embrace his second homeland.
He acted as:
President of Nha Trang Pasteur Institute
President of Indochina Pasteur Institute
President of Hanoi Medical University
General inspector of the Indochina Pasteur Institutes
Academician of the French Academy of Sciences
Honourable Chairman of the Medical Commission of Pasteur Institute in

Paris
Alexandre Yersin Memorial Sites:

Location: Alexandre Yersin Memorial Sites
includes 3 places:
- Doctor Yersins library in Nha Trang
Pasteur Institute, Khanh Hoa Province.
- Linh Son Pagoda, Suoi Cat Commune, Dien
Khanh District,
Khanh Hoa Province (the
former workroom of the doctor in Suoi Dau).
The gate to Alexandre Yersins grave
- Alexandre Yersins Grave in Suoi Cat

Commune, Dien Khanh District, Khanh
Hoa Province.
Characteristic:
Alexandre
Yersin
Memorial Sites was built to commemorate

Alexandre Yersin who devoted 50 years
of his life to work in Pasteur Institute.
Alexandre Yersins Grave

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EXERCISES
1. hygiene
a. relatively moderate, limited
2. vaccinate
b. a deliberate or fixed desire or intention

c. put or hide underground
3. dedicate
d. any contagious disease that spreads rapidly and kills
4. profound
many people
e. the branch of science that deals with the study of viruses
5. preserve
f. a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a

6. laboratory
7. observation
community at a particular time

g. closely in one's arms, especially as a sign of affection
h. conditions or practices conducive to maintaining health
8. settle
and preventing disease, especially through cleanliness

9. plague
i. treat with a vaccine to produce immunity against a
10. virology
11. epidemic
disease; inoculate
j. devote (time or effort) to a particular task or purpose
k. a room or building equipped for scientific experiments,
12. modestly
research, or teaching, or for the manufacture of drugs or
13. will
chemicals
l. the action or process of closely observing or monitoring
14. bury
something or someone
15. embrace
m. make one's permanent home somewhere

n. very great or intense
o. maintain (something) in its original or existing state
dedicated
laboratories
epidemic
profound
observations
modestly
preservation
plague
will
vaccination
virology
buried
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1. Pompeii, a partially Roman town-city near modern Naples in the Italian region
of Campania, was destroyed and completely .
during a long
catastrophic eruption of the volcano Mount Vesuvius spanning two days in the
year AD 79.
2. .
is the study of viruses and virus-like agents: their structure,
classification and evolution, their ways to infect and exploit cells for virus
reproduction, the diseases they cause, the techniques to isolate and culture them,
and their use in research and therapy.
3. . is a deadly infectious disease that is caused by the enterobacteria
Yersinia pestis, named after the French-Swiss bacteriologist Alexandre Yersin
4. The influenza pandemic of 1918-1919 has been cited as the most devastating
. in recorded world history.
5. By the end of his life, Newton was one of the most famous men in England. He
had become wealthy, investing his substantial income wisely, and even
contributed gifts to charities, all while leaving behind a small fortune in his
..
6. .
is generally considered to be the most effective method of
preventing infectious diseases.

7. Reading makes a full man, meditation a . man, discourse a clear
man. Benjamin Franklin quotes
8. A . individual is someone that shows loyalty to a person or task that
requires someone to keep doing it.
9. Historic .
is an endeavor that seeks to preserve, conserve and
protect buildings, objects, landscapes or other artifacts of historic significance

10. Scientific . can be found in schools and universities, in industry, in
government or military facilities, and even aboard ships and spacecraft
11. Isaac Newton never married and lived ., but was buried with great
pomp in Westminster Abbey.
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12. . is either an activity of a living being, such as a human, consisting

of receiving knowledge of the outside world through the senses, or the recording
of data using scientific instruments

These sentences are true (T) or false (F)
1. Dr Alexandre Yersin founded Nha Trang's Oceanography Institute in 1895.
2. Vietnam's two other Pasteur Institutes are in HCMC and Dalat.
3. Alexandre Yersin is an excellent professor who devoted all his life and works to
the scientific research for Vietnamese benefits.
4. Pasteur
institute in Nha Trang produces vaccines and carries out medical
research and testing to International standards.

5. Alexandre Yersin (1863-1943) was born in France to a Swiss father and a
French mother.
6. he obtained a degree in medicine in Switzerland.
7. Yersin also introduced apple and quinine-producing trees to Vietnam.
8. Alexandre Yersin knows a little of Vietnamese.
9. At the end of 1899, Alexandre Yersin came back to Nha Trang and established the
Pasteur Institute.
10. He spent a little of his time with local fishermen in Nha Trang
11. After 55 years of devoting his life to scientific research at Pasteur Institute (18911943), Alexandre Yersin handed down 55 works of valuable scientific research.
12. Yersin died in Nha Trang on 1st May1943.
A. Speaking
Activity 1
What are the questions that visitors would like to ask about Alexandre
Yersin?
Activity 2
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Choose a famous person in Vietnam which you know well. In groups of four or five
students, prepare a presentation about him/her.
B. Writing
Topic: prepare a 15 minute commentary on Alexandre Yersin
Life
Study and Research/career
Devotion
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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UNIT 8: NHA TRANG ISLANDS

1. What are the famous islands in Nhatrang?
2. Why are they famous?
Tam Island
Tam Island (Silkworm island) is as
a
green
silk
band
increases
stunning beauty of Nha Trang Bay.

Tam Island has sea blue, white
sand, tropical forests and Hon Tam
is one point to attract many tourists
to Nha Trang city, Khanh Hoa.
Location:
Hon
Tam
Island in Nha Trang in Vietnam
Bungalow Bathroom
is one of the most beautiful as well the biggest island in Nha Trang in Vietnam.
Tam Island is located in Vinh Nguyen Ward, to the South of Nha Trang Bay.
Hon Tam Island in Nha Trang in Vietnam has an area of 110 ha. Hon Tam Island in
Nha Trang in Vietnam is about 7 km or 3 nautical miles from Nha Trang Port, Khanh
Hoa Province. It should take about 10 minutes by speed boats to Hon Tam Island in
Nha Trang in Vietnam and about 20 minutes by normal boats to Hon Tam Island.
Description: The luxurious facilities and modern equipment are in a multitiered space, of which the highest tier is 20 meters with an artificial waterfall on its
peak, looking like a silver band streaming down the island.
The stylish, tiled-roof bungalows in an Eco Green area are spacious and
sophisticated, designed to satisfy the various needs of guests including deluxe and
family suites, or romantic hideaways for newlyweds.
The magnificence of the sea, mountain and forest are inspirational and
consideration is given to keeping the resort in harmony with its environment, with
roads made from pebbles and rocks, and mountain walls turned into green eaves.
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On hot summer days the cool water of the 200-square-meter swimming pool
shaded with ancient trees will provide a respite for tourists and the three restaurants offer
a wide range of cuisine from Western and Asian Fusion, Fast food to delicious Nha
Trang Sea food.
Coming to Hon Tam is coming to nature, as the island is covered by
hundreds of ancient trees such as tamarind, willow, almond and bamboo as well as
an array of colorful flowers such as daisies and sun flowers.
Hon Tam Resort is a wonderful get-away for recreation and health
improvement, to reward yourself with a deluxe and relaxing vacation after hard
working days.
Hon Tam is well known for the wild tropical forest, long beach and clear
water. Around the rock range, thousands kind of fish and colorful corals make
tourists exciting and peaceful. Therefore, Hon Tam Resort is a wonderful spot of
recreation and health improvement.
Detail: Hon Tam Island in Nha Trang in Vietnam offer the best beach with white
fine sandy beach, crystal clear, blue water which makes Hon Tam Island in Nha Trang in
Vietnam the best for swimming and relaxing tours and holidays in Nha Trang city in
Vietnam. The beach in Hon Tam Island in Nha Trang in Vietnam also dotted with a lot of
stones in different sizes that leave Hon Tam Island in Nha Trang in Vietnam wonderful
natural beach and landscape in Nha Trang City in Vietnam. The Beach of Hon Tam Island
in Nha Trang in Vietnam is unspoiled with rich green vegetation leave privilege for Hon
Tam Island in Nha Trang in Vietnam a great destination for relaxing and beach tours and
holidays in Nha Trang in Vietnam.
Hon Tam Island in Nha Trang in
Vietnam now turns to be a beach
resort in Nha Trang City in
Vietnam. The beach resort in Hon
Tam Island in Nha Trang in
Vietnam is friendly designed to suit
beautiful nature of Hon Tam Island
in Nha Trang in Vietnam as well as
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106
provide luxury accommodation for

your stay while explore wonderful Nha Trang City in Vietnam. Hon Tam Island in Nha
Trang in Vietnam is not only for relaxing tours and holidays but it is also a great place
to enjoy fun games on beach like flying parachute, water motor, fishing yachting.
In the south west of Hon Tam Island in Nha Trang in Vietnam is magnificent
Thien Nha beach. The rock climbing and mountain biking areas are building in Thien Nga
Beach in Hon Tam Island in Nha Trang in Vietnam and this is going to be the most
attractive place in Nha Trang City in Vietnam. Travellers also can enjoy fresh seafood
dishes while exploring fantastic Hon Tam Island in Nha Trang in Vietnam.
Carpeted with a green tropical forest throughout 4 seasons, the long sandy
coastline winds like a mermaid exposing the smoothness of the Creator by
thousands of pampering waves onto the shore all day and night. Underneath the
uneven cliffs is the blue water as clear as crystal abound with many kinds of coral
reefs blooming in hundred-pink and thousand-purple colours, and hundreds of
schools of fish swimming heartily here and there like visitors flocking to festivals.
All seem to be fairy like and dreamlike.
No one lives here but the tourists staying at the Hon Tam Resort which offers
bungalow rooms and even camping and, of course a restaurant. Visitor coming for
the day will enjoy the beach (long chairs and small huts are available for rent).
Hon Tam resort is invested and developed continuously. Its harmonious combination of
traditional and modern style will satisfy tourists.
Activities on Tam Island
Camping: Carpeted with a green tropical forest throughout 4 seasons, the
long sandy coastline winds like a mermaid exposing the smoothness of the Creator
by thousands of pampering waves onto the shore all day and night. Underneath the
uneven cliffs is the blue water as clear as crystal abounds with many kinds of coral
reefs blooming in hundred-pink and thousand-purple colours, and hundreds of
schools of fish swimming heartily here and there like visitors flocking to festivals.
All seem to be fairy like and dreamlike. There are 200 nice and colourful camps on
the island. When attending the camp-fire, visitors will drink can wine, eat bakedmeat and sing all night.
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Water sports: This island offers many kinds of water sports such as jet
skiing, boating, windsurfing, parachute pulling, adventure diving, para-sailing,
wind-surfing, jet-skiing and especially scuba-diving, to explore the secrets of the
ocean world and see thousands of fish and colorful corals around the rocks.
Others: In addition to sightseeing and sun bathing there are a wide variety of
activities available on the Island: mountain climbing, hiking, etc.
Hon Tam Resort's Facilities
Transport and Babysitting service
Golf Club Caf
Lobby bar, Sea food restaurant
Restaurant serving European, Vietnamese, Chinese dishes and local special

seafood.
Laundry & dry-cleaning service.
Restaurant an Bar service.
Banquet facilities and Fitness
Vehicles for rent
Internet & Email service
Travel tour arrangement
Safe deposit box at reception desk or in room
Visa extension and air-ticket booking service
Beach Sport: canoe rental, and other sports also available on the beach.
Facilities: a souvenir shop, a coffee shop next to the beach, massage and sauna, a
hairdresser parlor.
Tre Island
Location: Hon Tre in Vietnamese is located the bay of Nha Trang at only 15
minutes in boat. Tre Island is 25 km sq., the largest island in Nha Trang and belongs
to a group of islands located south-west of Nha Trang
Description: It takes two hours to reach Tre Island by rowboat and 20
minutes by ferry. It is famous for crystal white beaches and surrounding mountain
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valleys. Tre island owns the Vinpearl Resort & Spa, a resort with 500 rooms and
three large swimming pools.
Detail: this is the largest island of Nha Trang bay. It has been exploited since
2004. From now on a hotel shelters 5 stars (Sofitel Vinpearl resort & Spa). At the
time of the construction of this complex of 500 rooms nested in a split of the north
of the island, a landing stage, pontoons and road were built. Since the beginning of
2007, the island is connected to the continent by a system of 3.5km cable car, in
complement of the shuttles of ferries.
In addition, there are many other places
to visit on the island: the five-star
bungalow complex, stretching over 40ha
along the beach; the entertainment
complex, including a 150-hectare
golf course; 200 villas in the Dam
Gia area; and a food court with
diverse restaurants and bars.
Vinpearl resort
Other facilities for sailing and water sports are being constructed on the
northeast part of the island. There is also very beautiful beach on Tre island - Bai Tru.
The Tru Beach is is one of the most natural idyllic and finest beaches in Khanh Hoa,
especially the purity of sea water and beach, and the surrounding environment. Though
the beach is on island but the waves are soft thank to Tre Island Mountain lying as a
standing wall that prevented the ocean storm and wind. Not far from the main beach
there is a small fishing village, located at the foot of mountain. Visitors can come here
to know the habits of the fishing village, enjoying coconut fruit and fresh fruits.
Monkey Island (also called Lao Island)

Lao Island is named "Monkey Island" because there is hundreds of monkeys
living in flocks in the wild forest led by King and Queen monkeys and they are
friendly with visitors. As coming to Lao Island, tourists can enjoy entertainments
and recreational activities e.g sea bathing, boat racing, horse riding, fishing, flowers,
birds and golden fishes parks, especially circuit performances of elephants, bears,
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monkeys, dogs and cats. It is 33 hectares located at Nha Phu lagoon, North of Nha
Trang City Vietnam. The island is not that big, nor does it have many of the
standard services to offer to tourists, but it has many joyful activities.
Location: Its a private island about 17 Km or 10 miles North of Nha Trang
City. It can be visited in several different ways. It has become attractive ecotourism
resorts for international and domestic tourists.
Description:It is 33 hectares located at Nha Phu Lagoon, North of Nha
Trang City Vietnam. The island is not that big, nor does it have many of the
standard services to offer to tourists, but it has many joyful activities.
Detail: There is a lovely beach with huts and chairs for guest use and a
simple water slide and some other toys out in the water. There are some interesting
gardens and a few shops, but the main attractions are the colony of monkeys that are
free to roam anywhere on the island and the dog and monkey show that runs three
times per day, conveniently timed for when the larger groups arrive at 10am, 2pm,
and 3:20pm.
The island is a wonderful place to enjoy colorful coral and sea creatures in
the sea, which are easy to access by scuba diving or snorkeling. The beach here
always calm water, this is the ideal beach for the children.
Monkeys everywhere on the island. Some monkeys follow you and grab food
or fruit on your hands very fast. True to its name, the island is the home of over 1,000
monkeys. Tourists can see monkeys everywhere and even walk amongst them and
offer corn to them. Take care if you have food or fruit in your hands, they will follow
you and grab food or fruit from on your hands very fast. There are also rabbit and
salamander in the island but the monkeys are the most popular attraction. Children will
love it and older people will, too. Monkeys and dogs are participating in the circus with
a clown. This free entertainment is offered every hour.
Apart from the beach huts and the speedway, you may walk to the Birds house, see
the ostriches and, of course, go to the Monkey forest.
You may freely walk in the monkey forest. There are hundreds of them.
They are used to be visited by their cousins (the humans) but will stay away from
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you. Unless they detect that you are caring some food (any kind) If so, they will
grab it very fast.
As coming to this Island, tourists can enjoy entertainments and recreational
activities e.g sea bathing, boat racing, horse riding, fishing, flowers, birds and golden
fishes parks, especially circuit performances of elephants, bears, monkeys, dogs and cats.
Mun Island
Location: Mun Island is situated on the south of Nha Trang Bay, Nha Trang
City, Khanh Hoa Province. Mun Island has many coral, which is great for diving.
Below the depth of 5 metres the coral is a spectacular sight. This island is
managed by Marine Protected Area (MPA) Nha Trang.
Description: Named Mun Island because in the south east of the island, it
has high-rise cliffs with dangerous wattles forming caves and grottoes, especially its
stones are as black as ebony, which could rarely be found in other areas.
Detail: In the black-stone caves of Hon Mun, every year flocks of swallow
migrate to the area and build their nests. Due to the island's location adjacent to the hot
sea-currents from the equator, suitable to the development conditions of corals and
various types of tropical sea creatures, the sea bed of Hon Mun is home to an abundant
and diverse group of marine species, an interesting and useful place for researchers,
oceanographers and tourists to observe and explore more of the sea creatures' life.
In Hon Mun, visitors can dive or take glass-bottom boat to admire the colour
coral and sea creatures. All the diving centers come and stop near this island: visibility
is always excellent and there is an impressive variety of corals of all colors, with
numerous pretty tropical fishs. This is the island where all dive sites already mentioned
in the Nha Trang section are located. It also has a couple of other sites such as Rainbow
Reef and Tiger Wall.
Salangane Island (Yen island)

Location: Salangane island (Yen island) 17km from Nha Trang
Description: Far offshore, visible from Nha Trang Beach the Yen island appears
with lush green colors where salangane nests have been harvested for years to make the
traditional "bird's nest" tonic and food.
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Tourists can visit caves where the swallows create their nests on the rocks
and enjoy a delicious and nutritious food prepared from swallows' nests and sugar
candy which in the past was reserved only for kings.
Detail: Salangane Island is most famous for Yen Sao which is the name of the
nest of Salangane or swifts. The locals harvest the bird nests (considered a delicacy)
used in soups. These nests are processed and exported to Taiwan and Hong Kong. The
birds build their nest high on the walls of the cave on the islands. To access the nests,
harvesters must climb on ladders fashioned from bamboo.
Because the caves must remain dark lest the birds are scared off, many climbers
fall to their death every year trying to harvest the nests. The bird nest comes in two
types, white and red nests. The nest are fashioned by the Salangane that make their
homes in caves.
The nest are made out of the bird's saliva. Usually, a typical bird creates one
nest a year during springtime using both parents saliva. As there is such a demand
for their nest (thought to have medicinal qualities), the locals began to remove the
nest several times a year causing the birds to have to continue producing the nests.
The red variety of nests are a result of the birds having to create so much saliva for
the new nests that they cough up blood along with their saliva causing the nest to
take on the red color of their blood. This variety of nest costs their weight in gold or
more in the retail market of Hong Kong or Taiwan.
Yen Islands is not only known as the Salanganes nest, but also the only one
has the beautiful twin-beach. Come here, you can visit the Salangane Cave where
many workers use bamboo ladders to get the nest on the high cliff. It is really the
unforgettable sight. By glass bottom boat, you can see fantastic coral-reefs which
are covered with multi coloured fishes, and enjoy swimming, snorkelling in clear,
smooth water on the twin-beach.
EXERCISES
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112
1. sophisticated
2. pebble
a. having a great deal of worldly experience and

knowledge of fashion and culture
b. a medicinal substance taken to give a feeling of vigour
3. eave
4. array
5. recreation
or well-being
c. activity done for enjoyment when one is not working
d. a small stone
e. watery liquid secreted into the mouth by glands
6. unspoiled
7. privilege
8. combination
f. existing in large quantities; plentiful

g. the part of a roof that meets or overhangs the walls of a
building.
h. a range of a particular type of thing
9. invest
10. explore
11. exploit
i. grasp or seize suddenly and roughly

j. not diminish or destroy the value or quality of
k. a special right, advantage granted to a particular person
or group
12. purity
13. lagoon
14. grab
l. freedom from adulteration or contamination

m. very dark brown timber from a mainly tropical tree
n. a joining or merging of different parts or qualities
o. beautiful in a dramatic and eye-catching way
15. spectacular
16. wattle
17. grotto
p. a small picturesque cave

q. a stretch of salt water separated from the sea by a low
sandbank or coral reef
r. put (money) into financial schemes with the
18. ebony
19. abundant
20. tonic
expectation of achieving a profit

s. travel through (an unfamiliar area) in order to learn
about it:
t. derive benefit from (a resource):
21. saliva
u. a material for making fences, walls, etc., consisting of

rods or stakes interlaced with twigs or branches
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sophisticated
unspoiled
lagoon
eaves
exploration
grotto
array
exploitation
abundant
recreational
purity
saliva
1. The carat (abbreviation ct or kt) is a measure of the of gold alloys,

24 carat being pure gold.
2. In this elegant, palace, with its harmonious furnishings and decor,
guests fall in love with the calming atmosphere of the spa, the visual feast of the
garden and the staff who simply love to satisfy the guest`s needs...
3. is the act of searching or traveling around a terrain (including
space, see space exploration) for the purpose of discovery of resources or
information.
4. Rakahanga, part of the Cook Islands in the central-southern Pacific Ocean, is
one of the most places on earth.
5. The primary function of the is to throw rain water off the walls and
to prevent the ingress of water at the junction where the roof meets the wall.
6. An is a systematic arrangement of objects, usually in rows and
columns.
7. activities can be communal or solitary, active or passive, outdoors
or indoors, healthy or harmful, and useful for society or detrimental.
8. Some of natural resources is an essential condition of the human
existence.
9. Worms and small fish are also consumed when locally
10. breaks down food caught in the teeth, protecting them from
bacteria that cause decay.
11. A is often a small cave near water and often flooded or liable to
flood at high tide.
12. In Latin America often the use of laguna, which translates to, is
used to describe a lake, such as Laguna Catemaco.
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114

1. Which island looks like a silkworm?
2. How many types of bird nest?
3. Which island is 3 nautical miles from Nha Trang Port?
4. What water sport is popular near Mun island?
5. Which island has Bai Tru beach?
6. Which island has Eco Green area?
7. Which island has a lot of monkey?
8. Which island ha the name as a colour stone on it?
9. Which island is well known for the wild tropical forest?
10. Does the salangane build its nest on tree?
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115
11. Which island is the largest in Nha trang?
12. What are the nests made of?
13. Where does the red colour of the nest come from?
14. Which island owns a resort with 500 rooms?
15. Which island has colourful camps?
16. Which is land is connected to the continent by a system of 3.5km cable car?
17. On which island can you play golf?
18. Which island has circus for free entertainment?
19. At what islands can visitors take glass-bottom boat to see colour coral and sea
creatures?
20. Which island is famous for bird nest?
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IV. Vocabulary
A. Expanding vocabulary through derivatives
NOUN
ADJECTIVE
ADVERB
VERB
sophisticated
attract
exploitation
beautiful
natural
locate
forgetful
magnificently
satisfy
exploration
inspirationally
consideration
wonderful
joyful
improvement
convenient
construct
usual
entertainment
careful
performance
manage
dangerous
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117
B. put the suitable word in the blanks
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
k.
l.
water polo
scuba diving
surfing
parasailing
windsurfing
yatching
boating
wood-and-canvas canoe
fishing
jet ski
diving off a springboard
diving
1.
GVBS: V T Phng
m.
n.
o.
p.
q.
r.
s.
t.
u.
v.
w.
x.
skurfing
synchronized diving
rowing
sailing
kayaking
kite surfing
water skiing
single scull
water aerobics
swimming
snorkeling
rafting
2.
118
8. .
10
11
12
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119
13
15
17
19
21
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14
16
18
20
22
120
21
22
A. Speaking
Activity 1
What are the questions that visitors would like to ask about the islands in
Nhatrang city?
Activity 2
Choose a tourist destination in Nhatrang which you know well. In groups of four or
five students, prepare a presentation about toursist attractions and activities in that
place
B. Writing
Topic: prepare a 15 minute commentary on an island in Nhatrang city?
Location
Description
Detail
.
.
.
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.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
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REFERENCES
Ting Vit
1. V Ngc Phng, (2004), Khanh Hoa Nha Trang - mt tim nng, mt hi n thc:
Sach gii thiu tim nng va hng dn du li ch, H Ni: Chnh tr Quc gia.
2. Phm Cn Sn , (2003), Mt trm l mt i u c n bi t v du li ch : Cm nang du
lich thanh ph bi n Nha Trang t tr m - ao y n, H Ni : Thanh nin
3. Phm Cn Sn, (2010), Cm nang du li ch thanh ph bi n Nha Trang : t Trm ao Y n, Tai bn c chinh sa. - Tp.H Chi Minh: Vn hoa Thng tin.
4. Tng cc du lch Vit Nam (2004), Non Nc Vit Nam (Sach Hng Dn Du
Lch), Nxb H Ni,
5. Trn Mnh Thng (2005), Vit nam Vn ha va Du lich, NxbThng tn.
6. Nguyn in h T , (2003), Giang sn Vi t Nam y: Non nc Khanh Hoa (K ca
thi xa Cam Ranh), H Ni : Thanh nin.
7. S Vn hoa - Thng tin tinh Khanh Hoa Bo tang tinh Khanh Hoa , (2003), My
thut Khanh Hoa: 1975 2003, Khanh Hoa: [Khanh Hoa]
8. Khanh Hoa, th va lc mi trong th ky XXI = Khanh Hoa, new image in century
XXI, (2004), H Ni: Chnh tr Quc gia.
9. Chao mng quy khach n Khanh Hoa : Vi t Nam - t nc con ngi. - H ni:
Nxb Thng t n, 2002.
Ting Anh
1. Adamson, D. (1992). Be our Guests: Basic English for Hotel Staff. Prentice House.
2. Eastwood, J. (1980). English for Travel. Hong Kong: OUP.
3. Harding, K. (1998). Going International: English for Tourism. Hong Kong: OUP.
4. Harding, K., & Henderson, P. (1996). High Season: English for the Hotel and Tourism
Industry. OUP.
5. Jacob, M., & Strutt, P. (1997). English for International Tourism. Spain: Longman.
6. Stott, T., & Holt, R. (1991). First Class: English for Tourism. Hong kong: OUP.
7. Lonely Planet Country Guide, Vietnam, Nxb lonely planet.
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Websites
1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nha_Trang
2. http://ws1.khanhhoa.gov.vn
3. http://famouswonders.com/top-100-cities/
4. https://groups.google.com/group/vietnam-beauty/web/hon-tam---a-green-islandof-nha-trang?hl=vi
5. http://en.skydoor.net/entry/Po_Nagar_Towers_illuminate_the_myths_of_the_Ch
am_Goddess/293
6. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po_Nagar
7.
http://www.travellerspoint.com/guide/Famous_Festivals/
8.
http://www.vnio.org.vn/Home/OceanographicMuseum/
9.
http://vietnam.vnanet.vn/
10. http://www.vast.ac.vn/index.php
11. www.foodsubs.com/Shelfish.html
12. http://www.blueocean.org/seafood/seafood-search-result?type=all
13. http://www.vietnamtraveltour.net/long-don-pagoda-nha-trang.html
14. http://www.odctravel.info/articles/detail/alexandre-yersin-memorial-sites.html
15. http://www.nvtc.ee/e-oppe/Varkki/tourguide/index.html
16. http://www.englishclub.com/english-for-work/tour-guide-vocabulary-quiz.htm
17. http://www.vietnampathfinder.com.vn/Travel-Infomations/98/AlexandreYersin-Memorial-Sites.html
18. http://www.vietnamnhatranghotels.com/attractions/Alexandre_Yersin_Museum.htm
19. http://www.englishformyjob.com/english-tourist-information1.html
20. http://www.jobmonkey.com/landtours/html/develop_skills.html
21. http://www.eslflow.com/tourismlessons.html
22. http://www.languageguide.org/english/
23. http://www.nvtc.ee/eoppe/Varkki/tourguide/1_how_to_welcome_tourists.html
24. http://www.englishclub.com/english-for-work/tour-guide.htm
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APPENDIX
Useful structures
Greeting
Good morning
Good afternoon
Hi, everybody.
Dear guests,
Hello everyone.
Welcome.
Many greetings to my dear visistors.
I wish you a nice day with many excitements and new discoveries.
Dear lady and gentlemen.
We are standing in front of Ponagar Temple, one of the masterpiece of
architecture of Cham culture.
Id like to introduce myself. My fulnames A, please call me A. Im very

honour to be the tour guide to show you on this tour.
Id like to show you one of the most interesting and attractive island in
Khanh Hoa
The next destination of today is A. Id like to tell you something/

information about A.
The first place we are going to is A
I ll give you a few information about it.
Introduce yourself
I'm Helina, your guide for this tour.
My name is Tuan.
Let me introduce myself.
I am your guide and will support you during the tour.
Im your tour guide Natalja. Its great to meet you in Estonia.
I am Steve, your tour guide for today.
Im a tour guide of B tourism company.
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Id like to introduce myself. My fulnames A, please call me A. Im very honour to

be the tour guide to show you on this tour.
Introduce your company
On behalf of Ida-Viru Tour Agency, I'd like to welcome you all to Narva.
On behalf of Narva Travel Tours, (I wish you) have a wonderful vacation in
Narga and I hope to see you tomorrow at the information session.
Offering help
If you have any questions, please ask.
All my time is free to talk to you, sightseers.
Showing the plan
The bus ride to your hotel Vanalinn takes you about fifteen minutes.
Giving instructions
Right now I'd like to take a minute to familiarize you with the area and tell a
brief safety precaution.
You have to fasten safety belts and remain seated until we reach our
destination.
This is a beautiful, quiet city where you can relax, sit by the beach, enjoy
great meals and feel very safe.
You can walk into town and enjoy the fountains or take a moonlit walk along
the water.
Ending
Dear ladies and gentlemen. I have introduced you Ponagar towers. Now you
can visit the tower on your own. If you have any question, please ask me.
Ive just told you about Long Sn pagoda. Im sure you will enjoy seeing it.
Now you can discover this pagoda on yourself . I will see you after 45
minutes.
I hope you can discover many interesting things and widen your knowledge
of sea creatures after visiting this institute.
Its now 8:00a.m. You have 40 minutes to visit this institute. Please come
back to the car at 8:40.
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Useful expression for asking questions

Tour Guide
Do you have a question, Sir?
Yes? (if you see a hand raised)
Is there something I can help you with?
I'll try my best to answer your questions.
I'm afraid I don't have the answer to that. (Sorry I don't know.)
That's an interesting question.
I wish I knew the answer. (Sorry, I don't know.)
Hmm.That's a tough (difficult) question.
I'll have to look into that further.
I'll have to ask someone about that.
Hmm. I've never been asked that before.
Pardon my English; I don't quite understand your question.
I'm not sure, but I can find out for you.
Tourist
Where is the ______ from here?
How long has _______ been here?
Where are we headed (going)now?
What time does _______ stay open until?
What else is there to do here?
Which _________ do you recommend?
Are we allowed to take pictures?
What's that over there? (tourist points)
Where's the best place to buy _______?
My son wants to know if _________? (parent asking a question for shy

child)
Do you know where the nearest washroom is?
Could you tell us where the nearest bank is?
You don't happen to have a first-aid kit, do you?
Is that the __________you were talking about?
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127
Are we going to pass the ________________?
Are we going to see any ________________?
Is it on the right or the left?
I don't see it. Can you point it out again?
Did I miss it? Will we see it on the way back?
Where is the _________________ from here?
How long has ________________ been here?
Where are we headed (going) now?
What time does __________ stay open until?
What else is there to do here?
Which _________________ do you recommend?
What's that over there?
Where's the best place to buy _____________?
My son wants to know if ________________?
Do you know where the nearest _________ is?
Could you tell us where the nearest _______ is?
You don't happen to have a first-aid kit, do you?
Are we allowed to take pictures?
Other Expressions:
Imagine, if you can, ...
without doubt,
so the story goes
Useful expression for explaining rules
You are strictly forbidden from taking photographs inside the museum.
Please stay on the marked path.
I'm sure this goes unsaid, but remember to place all trash in the garbage bins.
Please pay attention to the time. We don't want to keep the driver waiting.
Classes are in session, so we need to keep our voices down.
The bus will be leaving at 5:00 pm sharp.
You'll have some free time to look around after lunch.
Please meet back here in one hour.
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128
Useful expression for explaining safety
Please keep your seltbelts fastened at all times.
I ask that you keep your hands inside the train.
As a safety precaution, please stand behind the yellow line.
For your own safety, we ask that you refrain from putting your arms out the
window.
Please do not feed the animals.
Please remain seated until we come to a full stop.
Please stay with your group at all times.
Please keep to the sidewalk.
I do not recommend swimming here. The water is very rough.
We suggest only carrying small amounts of cash.
These rules are for your own comfort and safety.
Please use the handrails provided and don't run and jump on the stairways
Please don't touch or knock the windows
No food or drink (except bottled water) is permitted in the Observatory
Useful expression for explaining etiquette and customs
It is customary in our country to tip the friendly bus driver.
In this region we bow rather than shake hands during a first meeting.
Though the all-inclusive includes tips for the servers, it does not include tips
for the bellboy.
To indicate that you want to get on or off the bus simply wave your hand at
the driver.
(source: Englishclub.com)
Useful expression for indicating position:

Tour Guide
In front of you is...
On your right/left you will see...
Up ahead...
On your left you will see...
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As we turn the corner here, you will see...
In the distance...
If you look up you will notice...
Off to the north...
Look to the east...
To your west...
In a few minutes we'll be passing...
We are now coming up to...
As you will see...
You may have noticed...
Take a good look at...
I'd like to point out...
Keep your eyes open for...
Superlatives:
is one of the finest castles in Estonia
more beautiful sights in the world
most famous towns in Europe
Passive:
was founded by (person)
was painted in (date)
were restored
Tourist Questions
Is that the...you were talking about?
Are we going to pass the...?
Are we going to see any...?
Is it on the right or the left?
I don't see it. Can you point it out again?
Did I miss it?
Will we see it on the way back?
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NHA TRANG MAPS
vistalandtravel.com
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nhatranglive.com
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vietnamtouronsale.com
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tamtravel.com.vn
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134
GLOSSARY
A
a piece of baggage
above zero
abroad
accommodation
activity
actual time of arrival (ATA)
actual time of departure (ATD)
admission fee
adventure
adventure holiday
air
air hostess
air traffic control
aircraft
airline
airport
aisle seat
alien
anchor
ancient
animal in hold
apply for a visa
architecture
arrival
arrivals are delayed
arrivals are on schedule
arrive
art gallery
at the seaside
attraction
B
backpack
bag
baggage
baggage allowance
baggage carousel (US)
baggage cart (AE)
baggage claim
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mt phn ca hnh l
Trn khng
hi ngoi, nc ngoi
Ch
hot ng
thi gian thc khi n
thi gian thc khi i
Ph nhp hc
mo him, liu
k nghi phiu lu
khng kh
n tip vin
kim soat khng lu
may bay, tu bay, kh cu
hng khng
sn bay, phi trng
li i, ch ngi
thuc chng tc khac
cai neo, m neo
xa, c
ng vt trong t chc
np n xin th thc
kin trc
n
chuyn i n b hon
chuyn i n ng tin
i n
phong trng by ngh thut
b bin
sc ht, hp dn
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
ba l
ti
hnh l
hnh l min cc
bng chuyn hnh l
gi hng hnh l
nhn hnh l
adv
n
n
n,
v
n,
n
n,
n,
n
n
n
n,
adj
n
adj
n,
n
n
135
baggage compartment
bank
bark
barley
bay
beach
bear
bearings
beautiful
beech
below zero
bend
bicycle
bicycle helmet
bird
blackbird
blind alley
blossom
blow
board
board and lodging
boarding house
boat
book
booking
border
bouquet
branch
breakdown
breathtaking
bridge
briefcase
brochure
bud
budgerigar
bumpy flight
bus
bus driver
bus stop
bush
GVBS: V T Phng
n
n
N, v
n
n
n
n
n
adv
n
v
n
n
n
n
n
v
n
n
n
n
v
n
n
n
n
adj
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
ngn hnh l
ngn hng
ting quat thao, qut tho
la mch
vnh
bin
sinh sn (born)
s sinh n
ep
cy si
di khng
cui xung
xe p
m bo him xe p
con chim
Con qu
hem ct
tr hoa, n hoa
Thi
Ci bng, boong tu
n
nh ni tr
tu, thuyn
sch
t trc
bin gii
b hoa
cnh cy
s suy nhc, t qu
hp dn, ngon mc
cy cu
cai cp
cun sach mng
chi, n
chim vet ui di(c)
chuyn bay gp gnh
xe but
ti x xe but
trm dng xe but
bi cy
136
business district
buy
n
v
khu vc kinh doanh

mua
n
n
n
adj
n
n
n
xe nga thu
cabin
cy xng rng
m m
tri, h tri
ch tri
bi t cm tri
Ch cm tri, v tr cm tri
khu cm tri
knh
hy b
s hy b
xung
i trng, thuyn trng
xe hi
thu xe
thu xe
bi u xe
thu t
on ngi hnh hng
cy cm chng
xe nga
hnh l xch tay
i tin mt t the du lch
lu i
dch v n ung
nh th ln
hm ru
ngi phc v phong
s thay i, thay i
d thay i
knh truyn hnh
nh th nh
kim tra
ng k vo
ng k ra
hnh l kim tra
C
cab
cabin
cactus
calm
camp
camper
campground (ae)
camping site
campsite
canal
cancel
cancellation
canoe
captain
car
car hire
car hire (GB)
car park (GB)
car rental (US)
caravan
carnation
carriage
carry-on luggage
cash a traveller's cheque
castle
catering
cathedral
cave
chambermaid
change
changeable
channel
chapel
check
check in
check out
checked luggage
GVBS: V T Phng
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
v
v
n
v
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
N, v
adj
n
n
v
v
v
n
137
check-in desk
chilly
chimpanzee
choose
chopper
church
cinema
city centre (gb)
clear
cliff
climate
climate change
close
cloud
cloudburst
cloudy
coach
coastline
cockpit
cold
compass
complain
concierge
concourse
cone
confirmation
connecting flight
consulate
container
continue on
control tower
conveniences
cool
copilot
cottage
cotton
crack
crew
crocodile
crossroad
GVBS: V T Phng
n
adj
n
v
n
n
n
V, adj
n
n
n
v
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
v
n
n
n
n
n
v
n
v
n
n
adj
n
n
n
n
n
n
bn check in
lnh lo
con tinh tinh
chn
ngi cht
nh th
rp chiu phim
trung tm thnh ph
Lm cho sch, trong
vach a
kh hu
thay i kh hu
ng li
my, am my
trn ma d di
c my ph
i vng, gh di
b bin
Bung li trn may bay
lnh
la bn
phn nn
Nhn vin tr gip
am ng t tp
vt hnh nn
s xac nhn
chuyn bay trung chuyn
C vn
thng ng hng
tip tc
Thp kim soat khng lu
s tin li
Mt lnh
phi cng cng li
nh tranh
bng
Vt nt
ton b thy th trn tu
ca su
ng t
138
crosswalk (AE)
crow
cruise
cruise liner
cuckoo
cul-de-sac
current
curve
custom
customary
customer
customs
customs officer
cyclist
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
li i
con qu
tu du lch
hng tu du lch
chim kuku
ng ct
dong, lung
ch quanh co
phong tc
theo tc l
khch hng
phong tc
nhn vin hi quan
ngi i xe p
D
daffodil
daisy
dance
dandelion
dangerous
dead end street (AE)
declare
deep sea
delay
depart
departure
departure lounge
departures are delayed
departures are on schedule
deposit
desert
dessert
destination
detour
devastating
direct flight/ non-stop flight
disco
disturb
dome
domestic
GVBS: V T Phng
n
n
v
n
n
n
v
n
n
v
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
v
n
adj
cy thy tin hoa vng

cy cc
nhy
cy b cng anh
nguy him
ng ct
tuyn b
bin su
s chm tr, tr hon
ri khi
s ri khi
phong ch
khi hnh b tr hon
khi hnh ng tin
vt gi, tin gi
Sa mc
Ba tran ming
ni gi tin gi
khc ngoc
s tn pha
bay thng, khng bay thng
Sn nhy
lm mt yn tnh
mi vm
ni a
139
G
gorgeous
adv
lng ly
hnh l
n
n
n
bn cht
khu bo tn thin nhin
nhu cu cn thit
tt ep v mat me
thi tit ep
n
n
n
n
cy si
g si
i dng
xe t but
ng tin
trn my bay
trn b
trn tu
ng mt chiu
v mt chiu
chuyn i khng kh hi
gi m ca
c hi
cy phong lan
Tnh trng nguyn thy
quang cnh , vin cnh
s ban v l khi ht ch
Nc ngoi
Qua ti, qua nng
Con c, ngi c ve nghim ngh
L
luggage
N
nature
nature reservation
necessities
nice and cool
nice weather
O
oak tree
oats
ocean
omnibus
on schedule
on the plane
on the shore
on the train
one-way street
one-way ticket (US)
one-way trip
opening hours
opportunity
orchid
original state
outlook
overbooking
overseas
overweight
owl
P
pack
package deal
package holiday
package tour
palace
park
parking lot (US)
parking meter
GVBS: V T Phng
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
b, gi , ti eo
s ban x b
chuyn i trn gi
tua du lch trn gi
Lu i
vn hoa, cng vin
Ch u xe
ng h tnh cc ph xe
140
parrot
party
passenger
passengers lounge
passport
passport control
pavement
pay
pay in advance
peak
pedestrian crossing
pedestrian
peninsula
permit
petrol
petrol station(ae)
photograph
pigeon
pilot
pirate
plain
plan
plane
plant
platform
polar bear
police
pond
popular
porter
post office
postcard
prairie
preparation
proceed
pub
Q
queue
R
rain
GVBS: V T Phng
n
v
v
n
n
n
n
V, n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
adj
n
n
n
n
n
v
n
con vet
bui tic
hnh khch
phong ch
h chiu
kim tra h chiu
via h
Tr tin lng
tr trc
inh , chm
li qua ng ca ngi i b
Khch b hnh
ban o
Xin php, giy php
xng du
trm xng du
bc nh
Chim b cu, ngi ngy th
ngi lai my bay, phi cng
cp bin , hi tc
ng bng
bn
My bay
thc vt
nn , bc , b
gu trng bc cc
cnh sat
ao ( nc)
Ph bin
ngi gac cng, ngi khun vac
bu in
bu thip
ng c, tho nguyn
s chun b
tin ln, theo ui
quan ru, quan tr
Xp hng
n,v
ma
n
n
n
n
n
141
rain forest
rainbow
rainstorm
rainy
raise (a hand)
reception
recommend
reconstruct
refer
registered luggage
regular customer
relax
rent (ae)
request
require
reservation
resort
resort reps
restaurant district
restored
restroom
lavatory
return
return ticket (gb)
rig
ritual
river
riverside
road
rock
room service
root
rose
rough
round ticket (us)
round trip
roundabout
route
rucksack
ruin
GVBS: V T Phng
n
n
n
adj
v
n
v
v
v
n
n
v
v
v
v
n
n
n
n
adj
n
n
v
n
v
adj
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
adj
n
n
n
n
n
n
rng ma nhit i
cu vng
bo ma
c ma , ma nhiu
nng ln , dy
s nhn, s thu nhn
gii thiu
dng li, xy dng li
quy, quy cho , da vo
hnh l ng k
khach hng n
ni lng, bung lng
s thu mn
li thinh cu , yu cu
oi hi, quy nh
s bo tn
ch nghi mat
i din khu nghi mat
khu vc nh hng
hon li tr li
nh v sinh
nh v sinh ,
s tr li, quay v
v kh hi
cach sp t
l nghi , theo l nghi
dng sng
b sng
con ng
a, a tng
Dch v dn phong
gc, r cy
hoa hng
rp, nhm, x x
v kh hi
Mt vong du lch
Bng binh ng 5, ng 6
tuyn ng , l trnh
ci ba l
s nat, s h hi
142
runway
rural
rush hour
rye
n
adj
n
n
ng bng
nng thn, thn d
gi cao im
la mch en
adj
n
n
n
n
n
adj
n
n
adj
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
chn , t st, kt st
dy an ton
thuyn bum, tu bum
lnh thy, thy th
h nc mn
ct
c ct
ci cn
cnh ep
Cnh ep
bin
mc nc bin
chim hi u
b bin
ma
ch ngi
ch ngi vnh ai
gh ngi ch
ht, ht ging
ring r, ri
phong ring re
ngi nh c
bng, bng ti
nng, cn
chia se
nh sng
tu
ca hng
ca s ca hng
nghin i mua sm
ngi ch hiu
mua sm
trung tm mua sm
khu mua sm
danh sach mua sm
S
safe
safety belt
sailing boat
sailor
salt lake
sand
sandy
scales
scenery
scenic
sea
sea level
seagull
seaside
season
seat
seat belt
seat
seed
separate
separate rooms
settlers
shade
shallow
share
shine
ship
shop
shop window
shopaholic
shopkeeper
shopper
shopping centre
shopping district
shopping list
GVBS: V T Phng
n
n
v
v
n
(n)
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
143
shore
show someone around
shower
shuttle bus
sidewalk (ae)
sights
sightseeing
sightseeing tour
sightseer
sign
sign-post
single room
single ticket (gb)
sit back
site
ski resort
skill
sky
sleeping bag
slope
smuggle
snake
snow
soil
souvenir
souvenir shop
sow
sparrow
speak up
speed limit
spend
spend holidays
spend the night
spring
square
staff
stairway/stairwell
station
statue
stay
GVBS: V T Phng
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
v
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
v
a
v
n
v
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
b (bin, h ln), b bin

Hng dn ai tham quan
Ma phn
a n xe bus
via h, l ng
Cnh vt
s tham quan
tham quan du lch
ngi i tham quan
nhng du hiu
Bng chi ng
phong n
v my bay
ngi li
ni, ch
Khu trt tuyt
s kho lo, k nng
bu tri
Ti ng
Con dc
bun lu
con rn
tuyt
t
vt lu nim
ca hng lu nim
gieo
chim se
ln ting
gii hn tc
Tiu tin, tiu thi gian...
Nghi l
qua m
Ma xun
Hnh vung, qung trng
i ng nhn vin
cu thang
trm
tng
li
144
stay-over
steep
stem
steward
stewardess
still
stone
stop-over
stork
storm
stormy
strait
stream
street
street people
subway (ae)
suitcase
sun
sun lotion
sunbathe
sunblock
sunburn
sunflower
sunglasses
sunny
sunshine
superb
supermarket
supervise
supplement
surcharge
surname
surroundings
swampland
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
v
n
n
n
n
adj
n
adj
n
v
n
n
n
n
n
(Tnh trng phong) vn con khach

dc
thn cy
ngi qun l, qun gia
c phc v
yn,im
a
s li, s ngng li
con c
dng t, cn bo
C bo
hep, cht hep
dong sui, dong sng
ng ph
ngi trn ng ph
ng hm
ci vali
mt tri
kem chng nng
tm nng
kem chng nng
s rm nng
cy hng dng
knh rm
nng
anh nng mt tri
nguy nga trang l
Siu th
gim st
phn b sung
phn cht thm
h tn
vng ph cn
vng m ly
v
n
n
n
n
Ct canh,
xe taxi
nhit
lu, rp
cui
adj
n
n
n
T
take-off
taxi
temperature
tent
terminal
GVBS: V T Phng
145
theme park
thermometer
thistle
thrilling
thunder
thunderstorm
ticket
tourist information
tourist office
tourist tourists
tractor tractors
tractor trailer
traffic
traffic jam
traffic light
traffic warden
trailer (ae)
train
train station
tram
travel
travel agency
travel agent
travel around the country
travel brochure
traveller
traveller's cheque
tree
trip
trip cancellation
trolley
truck
trunk
tube
tulip
tunnel
turbulence
turkey
twig
twin beds
GVBS: V T Phng
n
n
n
adj
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n, v
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
ch cng vin
cai o nhit
cy k
Hi hp
sm, st
Bo t c sm st
v
thng tin khach du lch.
tr s du lch
khach du lch
my ko
xe ko moc
s i li, s giao thng
ng tc ngn, ket xe
n giao thng
dn phong tun tra
xe moc, toa moc
xe la
trm xe la
xe in
du lch
c quan du lch
i l du lch
i du lch khp t nc
t ri du lch
ngi i du lch
du lch bng sc
cy
chuyn i
s hy chuyn i
xe y tay
xe ti, xe ba gac
thn (cy, ct, ngi, th)
ng
hoa t kim cng
ng hm
bt n
g ty
cnh con
gng i
146
tyre
lp xe
adj
n
v
kh tin
ng hm ng st
m, thao
n
n
n
n
n
adj
n
n
n
n
n
adj
v, n
n
n
n
n
n
ch trng
s b, s thi
cn phong khng
s tim chng
giy chng nhn tim vc xin
vng chc, con hiu lc
thung lng
Xe ti nh
s nhn, cnh vt
cy nho
Giy th thc
thy c, trng c
i thm, s thm hi
khach du lch
ting, ting ni
ni la
chng t
chuyn i
n
n
v
adj
v
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
adj
n
n
ch i danh sach
phong ch
s cn thit
lm cho m
b hoang, hoang vu
thac nc
b sng
sng, lng sng
ng i, li i
thi tit, tit tri
d bao thi tit
thnh lp
m c, thm ma
cy la m
bnh xe
U
unbelievable
underground railway
unpack
V
vacancy
vacation (ae)
vacation apartment (ae)
vaccination
vaccination certificate
valid
valley
van
view
vine
visa
visible
visit
visitor
voice
volcano
voucher
voyage
W
waiting list
waiting room
want
warm
waste
waterfall
waterfront
wave
way
weather
weather forecast
well-established
wet
wheat
wheel
GVBS: V T Phng
147
wilderness
wind
wind directional indicator
window
window seat
windy
wood
woods
youth hostel
Z
zebra
GVBS: V T Phng
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
n
vng hoan vu
gi
vt chi hng gi
ca s
ch ngi cnh ca s
ma gi
g
rng
k trc x
nga vn
148

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NHA TRANG COLLEGE OF CULTURE-ARTS AND TOURISM

FOREIGN LANGUAGE DEPARTMENT

ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSE

DESTINATIONS IN NHA TRANG

English for tour guide

TRNG CAO NG VN HA NGH THUT V DU LCH NHA TRANG

GIO TRNH CHUYN NGNH

English for tour guide

INTRODUCTION OF TOUR GUIDE

NHA TRANG CITY

HON CHONG PROMONTORY

LONG SON PAGODA

ALEXANDRE YERSIN MUSEUM

FAMOUS ISLANDS IN NHATRANG

English for tour guide

English for tour guide

English for tour guide

English for tour guide

English for tour guide

UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION OF TOUR GUIDE

The main task when studying

visitors on local tours and guide

works of art, the environment, culture,

1. Answer the questions:

English for tour guide

1. There are many for kids including a zoo and a museum.

8. We do not smoking on the bus at any time.

English for tour guide

NHA TRANG CITY

1. Where is Nha Trang?

Luong, Vinh Phuong, Vinh

topographical advantages of the

English for tour guide

sea, islands, mountains, and

country and the area is

(Vng R), Hon Do, etc

English for tour guide

presents new challenges for the

and environment, so that we can

English for tour guide

chart Nha Trang. Because

English for tour guide

a. a broad inlet of the sea where the land curves inwards

and breaking on the shore

e. a violent disturbance of the atmosphere with strong

f. the curved sickle shape of the waxing or waning

special day or event.

English for tour guide

physical features of an area

organized event such as a concert, conference, or

l. provide with a quality, ability, or asset

meets the stream.

or region is famous for making well

s. extremely beautiful, elaborate, or impressive

snails, slugs, mussels, and octopuses

w. give (something, especially money) in order to

x. the quantity of rain falling within a given area in a

the high-water mark

English for tour guide

1. Taxpayers had 141.8 million towards the cost of local

English for tour guide

14. and gulfs were significant in the history of human settlement