HOMEOSTASIS

CELL & GENETIC

FMUI
MARET 2010

1. The following statements about cell as the basic unit of life are true, EXCEPT:
A. Each cell has the ability to reproduce throughout human life.
B. Each type of cell is specially adapted to perform one particular function
C. Organ is an aggregate of many different cells held together by intercellular supporting
structures
D. Eliminating CO2 and other by products, wastes produced during chemical reactions, to
the surrounding of the cells
E. Utilizing nutrients (carbohydrate, fat, protein) and oxygen by way of performing various
chemical reactions to provide energy for the cells.
A; 0.66
2. The following statements about body fluid are true, EXCEPT:
A. 2/3 of the body fluid is inside the cells
B. About 56-60% of the adult human body is fluid
C. Interstitial fluid contains ions and nutrients needed by cells.
D. Blood vessel capillaries are the only site for the interstitial fluid to enter the circulation
system
E. Fluid exchange between intravascular compartment and interstitial space takes place by
way of diffusion through the capillary walls
D; 0.50
3.

Interstitial fluid contains

A. Oxygen and carbondioxide
B. Waste products to be eliminated
C. Glucoce, fatty acids, amino acids and hormones
D. Sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium and bicarbonate ions
E. All of the above
E; 0.66

4. The following statement is true for homeostasis.

A. An active process; not the maintenance of an unchanging, or static, state
B. All the organs and tissues perform functions that help to maintain the constant conditions
C. The maintenance of the constancy of the components of the immediate environment of
the cell
D. The maintenance of dynamic steady state in the internal environment in the range the
physiological range
E. All of the above
E; 0.66

5. The following statements about nervous system are true, EXCEPT:

A. All of the sensory receptors are located on the surface of the body
B. The Central Nervous System consists of the brain, brain stem, and spinal cord
C. Sensory receptors detect the state of the body or the state of the surroundings
D. Brain stores information, generate thoughts, instinctual behaviors, determine reactions in
response to the sensations
E. The nervous system consists of the sensory input portion, the central nervous system
(integrative portion), and the motor output portion
A; 0.66
6. The body control system is carried out by way of
A. genetic control system
B. intrinsic control that operates within the organ to control functions of the individual parts
of the organ
C. intrasystem , that operates within the system to control functions of the individual organs
that compose the system
D. extrinsic control that operates throughout the entire body to control the interrelations
between the organs
E. all of the above
E; 0.66
7. The following intercellular communication is an intercellular communication where chemical
messenger move from cell to cell without entering ECF.
A. Neural
B. Autocrine
C. Endocrine
D. Gap junction
E. Tight junction
D; 0.66
8. The specificity of receptor of the target cells and the specificity of anatomical location are the
specific nature of communication in the following intercellular communication.
A. Paracrine comunication
B. Autocrine comunication
C. Endocrine comunication
D. Neural comunication
E. Gap junction
D; 0.50
9.

The main internal environment factor that must be homeostatically maintained to keep the
concentration of nutrient molecules, O2 and CO2 within normal limits in the interstitial fluid
is:
A. pH
B. pressure
C. electrolyte
D. temperature
E. waste products
B; 0.40

10. Extracellular fluid movement that is classified as the intercompartment fluid movement is the
movement of
A. interstitial fluid into the cells
B. interstitial fluid to the capillary vessels
C. intravascular fluid to the interstitial space
D. inravascular fliud to the cerebrospinal fluid
E. all of the above
E; 0.50
11. A raise in blood pressure that will be returned back to its normal value is an example of

the following type of control system.

A. Local control system
B. Genetic control system
C. Intrinsic control system
D. Extrinsic control system
E. Organ level control system
D; 0.66
12. The following process takes place as a negative feedback mechanism.
A. The controlled variable returns back to its normal value
B. The response is against the change
C. The controlled variable is maintained within normal range
D. The response moves the variable in the direction opposite the direction of the change
E. All of the above
E; 0.66
13. The following response is an long-lasting adaptation as a reaction to environmental changes
A. Increased sweat secretion in warm environment
B. Increased blood supply to the exercising muscles
C. Increased blood pressure caused by painful stimulus
D. Release of digestive hormones stimulated by food in small intestines.
E. Increased haemoglobin concentration in people lived in high altitude.
E; 0.66

No
1 Should the normal conditions of the interstitial fluid is well maintaned, cells
survival will be mantained

Cells survival depends on the homeostatic conditions.

When one or more groups of cells fail to function normally, other groups of
cellss survival will not be disturbed
Not each body cell contributes to the maintenance of the homeostasic conditions

4
5
6
7
8

Only the nervous system and endocrine system contribute to the maintenance of
the homeostatic condition
The homeostasis control systems give response to changes in the environment
The homeostasis control systems detect changes in the environment
Pathophysiologic condition will occur if the optimal homeostatic condition can
not be maintained

If the optimal homeostatic condition can not be maintained, the optimal

condition of the internal environmet can not be maintained

10

Umpan balik positif derajat ringan-sedang masih mungkin tidak

menimbulkan vicious cycle yang membahayakan kehidupan
A high degree positive feedback can be overcome by the negative
feedback mechanism

11
12
13

Changes due to long-lasting adaptation are permanent changes

Changes due to long-lasting adaptation mean structural changes

U Mod Cell & Gen Homeo Intl 2010 MDW