Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
According to the passage, Fogel, Engerman, Genovese, and Gutman have all
done which of the following?
I.
Discounted the influence of plantation owners on slaves achievements.
II.
Emphasized the achievements of slaves.
III.
Pointed out the prevalence of the two-parent household among slaves.
IV.
Showed the connection between stable monogamy and slaves cultural heritage
.
(A) I and II only
(B) I and IV only
(C) II and III only
(D) I, III, and IV only
(E) II, III, and IV only
A Marxist sociologist has argued that racism stems from the class struggle that
is unique to the capitalist systemthat racial prejudice is generated by capitalist
s as a means of controlling workers. His thesis works relatively well when appli
ed to discrimination against Blacks in the United States, but his definition of
racial prejudice as racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally
accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition, can be interpreted
as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in Californ
ia and the Jews in medieval Europe. However, since prejudice against these latte
r peoples was not inspired by capitalists, he has to reason that such antagonism
s were not really based on race. He disposes thusly (albeit unconvincingly) of b
oth the intolerance faced by Jews before the rise of capitalism and the early tw
entieth-century discrimination against Oriental people in California, which, inc
onveniently, was instigated by workers.
17.
The passage supplies information that would answer which of the followin
g questions?
(A) What accounts for the prejudice against the Jews in medieval Europe?
(B) What conditions caused the discrimination against Oriental people in Califor
nia in the early twentieth century?
(C) Which groups are not in ethnic competition with each other in the United Sta
tes?
(D) What explanation did the Marxist sociologist give for the existence of racia
l prejudice?
(E) What evidence did the Marxist sociologist provide to support his thesis?
18.
The author considers the Marxist sociologists thesis about the origins of
racial prejudice to be
(A) unoriginal
(B) unpersuasive
(C) offensive
(D) obscure
(E) speculative
19.
It can be inferred from the passage that the Marxist sociologist would a
rgue that in a noncapitalist society racial prejudice would be
(A) pervasive
(B) tolerated
(C) ignored
(D) forbidden
(E) nonexistent
20.
According to the passage, the Marxist sociologists chain of reasoning requ
ired him to assert that prejudice toward Oriental people in California was
(A) directed primarily against the Chinese
(B) similar in origin to prejudice against the Jews
(C) understood by Oriental people as ethnic competition
(D) provoked by workers
(E) nonracial in character
By 1950, the results of attempts to relate brain processes to mental experience
appeared rather discouraging. Such variations in size, shape, chemistry, conduct
ion speed, excitation threshold, and the like as had been demonstrated in nerve
cells remained negligible in significance for any possible correlation with the
(D) the mental experiences produced by sensory nerve impulses are determined by
the cortical area activated
(E) variation in neuron types affects the quality of nerve impulses
24.
According to the passage, some evidence exists that the area of the cort
ex activated by a sensory stimulus determines which of the following?
I.
The nature of the nerve impulse
II.
The modality of the sensory experience
III.
Qualitative differences within a modality
(A) II only
(B) III only
(C) I and II only
(D) II and III only
(E) I, II and III
25.
The passage can most accurately be described as a discussion concerning
historical views of the
(A) anatomy of the brain
(B) manner in which nerve impulses are conducted
(C) significance of different cortical areas in mental experience
(D) mechanics of sense perception
(E) physiological correlates of mental experience
26.
Which of the following best summarizes the authors opinion of the suggesti
on that different areas of the brain determine perceptions produced by sensory n
erve impulses?
(A) It is a plausible explanation, but it has not been completely proved.
(B) It is the best explanation of brain processes currently available.
(C) It is disproved by the fact that the various areas of the brain are physiolo
gically very similar.
(D) There is some evidence to support it, but it fails to explain the diversity
of mental experience.
(E) There is experimental evidence that confirms its correctness.
27.
It can be inferred from the passage that which of the following exhibit
the LEAST qualitative variation?
(A) Nerve cells
(B) Nerve impulses
(C) Cortical areas
(D) Spatial patterns of nerve impulses
(E) Temporal patterns of nerve impulses