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German tions was found in exon 5 (46.2%) in 1.5 h after topical application and 3 h
OSCC and in exon 6 (23.3%) in leuko- after systemic application. The authors
Assessing the influence of vascular plakia. More than one mutation was concluded that further studies are neces-
endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on detected in 26.9% of OSCC and 7% of sary to verify the optimal time of incu-
angiogenesis and osteogenesis leukoplakia specimens. At least one bation and dose of systemical 5-ALA
mutation was found in 37.5% of T1 application to enhance fluorescence
J. Kleinheinz, H.P. Wiesmann, OSCC and 100% of T4 OSCC speci- staining and define the basis for fluores-
U.Stratmann, U. Joos mens and in 37.1% of the Ll leukoplakia cence guided resection.
Mund Kiefer GesichtsChir 2002: 6: and 100% of L3 leukoplakia specimens.
175–182 The authors concluded that TP53 muta- GWEN SWENNEN
tions could be a useful prognostic indi-
The purpose of this study was to investi- cator in precancerous oral lesions.
gate the influence of controlled release Although the brush biopsy technique Russian
of vascular endothelial growth factor appears simple, further clinical investi-
(VEGF) on angiogenesis and osteogen- gations are necessary to specify the Contemporary therapeutic methods
esis in a mandibular defect model. A implications of genetic analysis. for treatment of oropharyngeal cancer
total of 56 rabbits were operated and
bicortical holes were placed in the mand- GWEN SWENNEN I.A. Gladilina, M.A. Shabanov, M.I.
ible. The defects were filled with col- Nechushkin
lagen type I implants, collagen implants Practical oncology 2003: 4 (1): 45–50
mixed with 0.8-mg VEGF or left without German
any filling. After 3, 7, 14 and 28 days, In Russia, oropharyngeal cancers
specimens were taken and histologic, his- Fluorescence staining of oral and lar- account for 0.48% of the total malignan-
tomorphometric, and immunohistologic yngeal cancers after application of 5- cies and are the fourth most common
analyses were carried out concerning aminolevulinic acid neoplasia of the head and neck. In 1998
density of vessels, total surface of ves- there were a total of 2135 new cases of
sels, bone surface and bone density. The A. Leunig, C.S. Betz, P. Heinrich, P. oropharyngeal cancers in Russia, of
number of vessels was increased in all Janda, R. Baumgartner which 211 were from Moscow. During
groups up to 14 days, followed by phy- Laryngo-Rhino-Otol 2002: 81: 807–814 the last 10 years the mortality from oro-
siologic regression in the control groups, pharyngeal cancers has increased 1.3
whereas the study group showed persis- Fluorescence guided examination may times. The disease is most common
tently high number. In the study group, serve as a possible diagnostic tool for between 51 and 60 years of age. The
the density of regenerated bone was sig- better demarcation and delineation of male to female ratio is 9:1.
nificantly higher. The authors concluded head and neck cancers. The purpose of The most common locations for oro-
that the activation of angiogenesis using this study was to detect selective Proto- pharyngeal cancers are the tonsillar fossa
VEGF lead to more intensive angiogen- porphyrin IX (PPIX) accumulation in (58%), base of the tongue (28%), soft
esis and bone regeneration. malignant oral, oropharyngeal and laryn- palate (10%) and the posterior pharyngeal
geal lesions following topical and sys- wall (4%). The most common histological
GWEN SWENNEN temic application of 5-aminolevulinic type is squamous cell carcinoma. These
acid (5-ALA). A total of 193 patients commonly originate in areas affected by
with suspected lesions in the oral cavity/ pre-cancerous lesions or conditions, such
German oropharynx (n ¼ 126) and larynx as leukoplakia, erythroplakia, lichen pla-
(n ¼ 67) were investigated. The patients nus, submucous fibrosis or intra-epithelial
Detection of TP53-mutations in brush received a varying dose (rinsing 200 mg, carcinoma-in situ. Lymphoepithelial can-
biopsies from oral leukoplakias inhalation 30 mg, 2.5–25 mg/kg BW by cers and poorly differentiated cancers of
mouth) of 5-ALA in aqueous solution. the oropharynx are separate groups of
C. Scheifele, H. Schlechte, G. Bethke, Both fluorescence pictures and macro- diseases, which are exceedingly rare
PA. Reichart scopic findings under white light were (1.5%) and are commonly associated with
Mund Kiefer GesichtsChir 2002: 6: recorded using a target integrating, color previous Epstein-Barr virus infections.
410–414 CCD camera. Fluorescence contrast Cancers of the minor salivary glands (such
between tumor and normal tissues were as adenoid-cystic carcinoma) are also rare
The aim of this study was to determine registered by an optical multi-channel and tend to recur frequently and are highly
the prevalence of mutations of the analyzer. The results showed that after malignant. The authors presented their
tumour suppressor gene TP53 in oral topical and systemic application of 5- experience with treatment of oropharyn-
leukoplakias. Brush biopsy specimens ALA, PPIX fluorescence could be iden- geal cancers in 279 patients. 262 patients
were collected from 43 oral leukopla- tified within the mucosa of the oral cav- (93.3%) had squamous cell carcinomas.
kias, 26 oral squamous cell carcinomas ity, oropharynx and the larynx of all Poorly differentiated lymphoepitheliomas
(OSCC) and normal oral mucosa of four patients for a duration of up to 48 h were present in 13 (4.7%) patients. Four
volunteers. DNA of the critical exons 5– after systemic application. Malignant patients (1.4%) had adenoid-cystic carci-
8 was analyzed by temperature gradient lesions usually showed higher intensity nomas. The cancers were poorly differ-
gel electrophoresis (TGGE). The preva- of PPIX-fluorescence than surrounding entiated in 122 patients (46.6%).
lence of mutations was 57.7% in OSCC, normal mucosa. A maximum fluores- Moderate differentiation was present in
39.5% in leukoplakias and 0% in con- cence contrast between normal tissue 96 patients (36.6%) and well differen-
trols. The highest frequency of muta- and neoplastic lesions was observed at tiated in 44 patients (16.8%).
Abstracts from international literature 3
In authors’ experience, the most rele- The most effective chemotherapeutic The authors reported their experience in
vant prognostic factors were the occur- agents for cancers of the oropharynx the treatment of patients affected by
rence or lack of regional metastases, are bleomycin, cisplatinum, carboplati- rosacea and perioral dermatitis. A topi-
nodal involvement, clinical stage, level num, metothrexate, adriamycin, vinblas- cal cream Rozamet containing 10 mg of
of differentiation, blood haemoglobin tine and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Since the metronidazole (1%) was used for the
concentration, patient’s age and Kar- anti-neoplastic effect of any individual study. The results of application of
noffsky’s score. agent is between 27 and 40%, combined Rosamet cream in rosacea and perioral
Upon initial presentation, approxi- agents are commonly preferred. The dermatitis as a combined treatment and
mately 80% of the patients had advanced authors reported the results of combined compared with as monotherapy were
diseases. There was no accepted uniform regimen of cisplatinum (100 mg/m2) and presented. This investigation showed
treatment protocol for oropharyngeal 5-FU (1000 mg/m2/24–100 h infusion) that 1% Rosamet cream is a highly
cancers. Radical surgical intervention is combined with radiotherapy. The 5-year effective and is a convenient preparation
not always possible due to the topo- disease free survival was 30.8% when for rosacea and peri-oral dermatitis.
graphic location of the neoplasm and compared with 21.2% by radiotherapy Therefore, the authors recommended
the advanced stage of the disease. There- as a sole modality. on its use in rosacea and peri-oral
fore, the main method of therapy remains The authors concluded that there are dematitis.
to be radiation as a single modality or in new trends in the effective therapy of
combination with chemotherapy. oropharyngeal cancers. These include GEORGE ANASTASSOV
The radiotherapy methods include improved schemes of radiotherapy frac-
hyper-fractionation, accelerated fractio- tionation, modifications of the volume of
nation and combined fractionation. The irradiation, new chemotherapeutic agents Russian
most effective method was hyper-fractio- and their combined utilization.
nation, where the irradiation is performed Topical treatment for oral lichen
daily in 4–6 h intervals with reduced GEORGE ANASTASSOV planus
doses. The daily and summary dose of
irradiation is usually 10–25% higher than S.L. Litvinov
the standard and the duration of therapy Russian Russian Journal of Dermatology and
remains unchanged. The damage to the Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2003: 3:
surrounding tissues and organs is expected On the prevention of relapse of recur- 45–48
to decrease and the effect on the tumor is rent apthous stomatitis
sub-lethal or lethal. Using this modality, The authors presented their experience of
the 5-year survival and loco-regional con- T.S. Chemikosova using topical agents ‘‘Stomatoephtyl-
trol of disease is 40–83%. Kazan Medical Journal 2003: 4: 267–269 line’’ and ‘‘Biopin’’ 5% ointments, ver-
Accelerated fractionation is effective sus vitamin A oil based solution in the
in decreasing the re-population of cancer The efficacy of oxymethacillin for pre- treatment of oral lichen planus (LP).
cells during radiotherapy. The most sui- vention of relapses of apthous stomatitis Eighty-three patients with LP were
table candidates for this modality are was investigated. Ultraphonophoresis examined. Oil based vitamin A solution
patients with aggressive diseases. This was applied to the affected intraoral was found to activate the electrokinetic
modality however, is associated with mucosal surfaces of erosive lesions activity of epitheliocytes and has good
increased incidence of osteomyelitis using 10% doxylane for 2–3 min with organoleptic properties, which deter-
and radiodermatitis. The authors draw an intensity of 0.4 Wt/cm2 (N6) and mined its beneficial therapeutic effects.
the following conclusions regarding additional placement of 10% doxylane ‘‘Stomatoephthylline’’ was found to have
radiation therapy: Hyper-fractionation ointment over the apthous stomatitis. inadequate organoleptic characteristics
and accelerated fractionation increase Systemic oral antibiotic therapy was although it had significant anti-inflamma-
the therapeutic success of radiation ther- continued for 1 month with 1.5 g oxy- tory effect. ‘‘Biopin’’ 5% ointment did
apy on oropharyngeal cancers. Acceler- methacillin per day. There was no evi- not provide any substantial therapeutic
ated fractionation regimens lead to dence of relapse of the disease in 70% effects. This preparation also induced
increased incidence and frequency of of the treated patients for a follow-up local irritation in 20% of patients.
acute radiation injuries. The risk of acute period of 6–12 months. In cases of
radiation injuries can be decreased by relapse, the symptoms were minor and GEORGE ANASTASSOV
increasing the inter-radiation interval occurred in 30% of the studied patients.
above 6 h. Hyper-fractionation and
accelerated fractionation do not increase GEORGE ANASTASSOV Russian
the frequency and severity of late radia-
tion injuries by adhering to the therapeu- Lymphomas in patients with Sjogren’s
tic parameters. Russian syndrome
The low selectivity of the radiation to
cancerous tissues and the collateral Experience on treatment of rosacea V.R. Gorodetsky, V.I. Vasilyev, N.A.
damage to the adjacent and distant tissues and peri-oral dermatitis Probatova, et al.
promote the utilization of chemothera- Russian Medical Journal 2003: 1: 123–
peutic agents in combination with radio- A.V. Vislobokov 127
therapy. This combined therapies aim to Russian Journal of Dermatology and
have additive effect of both the che- Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2003: 1: Development of non-Hodgkin’s lym-
motherapeutic agents and radiation. 48–51 phoma (NHL) is a serious complication
4 Abstracts from international literature
of Sjogren’s syndrome (SS). A total of cases). A pronounced reactive histiocy- glands (one case), plasmocytic lym-
11 patients (10 persons with primary tic and T-cell proliferation was phoma (one case), peripheral B-small-
SS and 1 with secondary SS), which observed in only one case. As for the cell lymphoma (one case) and an ana-
had different immuno-histochemical other four cases, they were described plastic large-cell lymphoma with null-
NHL variants, were described. Diffuse by having the following NHL varia- cell phenotype.
large-cell B-lymphomas constituted tions: low-malignancy MALT-lym-
a small group of pathologies (seven phoma of the salivary and lacrimal GEORGE ANASTASSOV