Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
J-
ao
t>
<i^
^^fOLCGiCM St^
.W25-
ORIGIN,
THE IMAGE.
M.A.,
LONDON:
CO., 21 BERNERS STREET.
rniLADELPHIA:
n AFFELFINGEIl.
.t
CLAXTON, nr.MSEN,
810 AND 821
MAHKET
1871.
.V
STREET.
PREFACE.
In the Churches, especially of America, a flood-tide of
ritualiBm
now
relics
rriNTF-n nv iiai.lantvne
Any
is
of
God
tlie
cross
is
now, as of
in Christ,
Tlierefore it
is
The
faith
with
its
among
entrance
Cliristiaus,
and
its
final
adoption
in the
oi
is
if
that
may be
called a
'I
riiEFAOE.
ir
fontiirc,
another.
called
and
(Sk) w^^
Clirist
tlie
Our
effort to all
the
monogram
476.
A.D.
monogram now
Tlie
Roman
empire,
Christ's
Christ)
in honour,
ond
worn
is
for admiration,
elevated
is
cross
Lord
of our
crucified
Yet not
.Tesus
Christ, by
vi.
is
14).
The
cross of Christ
living unto
God
is
be very cowards
is
for a
moment
On
It vindicates the
life,
now
by the image
and
of Christ's cross,
now
veiled
it
sets forth
and hid by
by the image.
It exalts the
innocent Sufferer,
now debased
foiled
its
the contrary,
unto eternal
may
To show
l|:
;
it
Its
stifled
by the mistaken
1^
am
the
yc see
on the right hand of power, and
amusement.
to
is
obscurely
pulpit,
image sujiplanted
Tlie
is
is
again in glory,
occupy.
sole object
images,
pretends to
order that the death of Christ to this world, and His coming
all
represent.
The monogram of
PREFACK.
xxvi. 04).
CONTENTS.
INTRODDCTION,
......
PAGE
I
CHAPTER
I.
IS
'
II
17
.....
t^
EPISTLE,
21
22
CHAPTEK
BARNABAS HIS
21
U.
24
NTCODEMUS HIS
80
32
S3
35
26
23
IS
X THE SION
OF OHRI.ST
87
88
43
41
CYRIL,
HISLOP'S
"TWO BABTLONS''
......
44
48
CHAPTER III.
A SOirUABT OF THE TESTIMONY
THE
LATIJI 0BO33
52
St
CONTENTS.
CONSTANTINKS VISION
JULIAK'b TEaTIMONT TO
....
X
tOR CHRIST
FAOR
67
60
es
THE CATAOOHD.H
.....
......
niS
HARK
ITS 00NIC80TI0N
INTO
69
and seeing
78
Good Friday,
74
80
83
Above
Ann
IV.
68
.'
CHAPTER
INTEODUCTION.
SO
84
its
Street,
New
tlio
York,
on the morning of
in Latin, the
smoking
The
incen.se, the
melodies, the candles, the bowings, and the chancel performances, were closely observed without being well understood.
in plain
Saxon, glorifying
the wood of the cross, which the jireacher snid " ought to be
worshipped."
worship of
idols;
was 8uq)ri8cd,
and
deny
charitably believing
I,
it,
their
was aston-
seemed
me
house.
It
weapon
however, in
ableness,
to
full earnest,
and
to
nood
of the cross !
First,
Because
it
Secoridly, Because
thieve.'*,
after
when found,
it
it
VhUe
(The father
wrought,
cross multiplied
INTltODUCTION.
Tliis emjihatic
nml
Imjicnl
INTRODUCTION.
clergy,
officiating
approached
first
in the
Ann
sense.
"Worship
wood"
Christ;
gods,
aisles, to
worship
reverently retiring.
is
image-worship
Even
other saints,
ought
to
them
to be paid to
of Egypt 1"
made
their
totypes
whom
is
to represent.
which
tliey represent,
Iiowever, in
common
They think,
not because
it
is
or because
or because
any con-
was forrnerly
trust in idols; but
So that, through
and before which wo uncover and prostrate ourselves, we worship Clirist, and we
venerate tho saiuts whose likeness these wear" (Scks. 25,
the images which we
Mother
flic
"No,
wood "
and
Israel,
in the
tlie
be had and
not
common
in a iniblic as-
kiss,
sec. 2.)
th(jjr
is
worship
stealthily
demon
or a saint;
accordingly.
brother.
its
be-
nnd
licvors
followers.
Jliiiiy
in training to venerate
;irc
this
and
of
cross
made by
the hands of
difference between
time to comprehend the
between
time to learn the mortal enmity
evil
this
of
on the ground
the cross of Christ's blood shed
solemn
in
singing
with
"
glory cross" borne
likeness,
It is
nn image
among
the world.
world, and
and reverencing an image of that sufview of which the Lord Jesus sweat, " as it were
It is
the
procession,
fering in
"
the super-altar
praying
Boeing
in
agony that
many
this
down
to the
ference between
ground," while
it
is
is
Whereas
is
lifted
up
emblazoned on
senseless,
nothing of
"
and yet deceitful vanity.
and self-denial notliing of
sacrifice
it is
life-
It suggests
conflict
with
It is
On the
con-
sign of
for reverence
" to the accursed tree," and a gaudy likeHis torture unto death. Our
ness of that fell instrument of
honest Protestants on every
heart is stirred at beholding
moment to
idol, and led for one
side taken with this dumb
house,, or the
their
person,
their
think that, by adorning
they please the Father ot
house of God with this image,
bon,
the name of His only-begotten
And
and placed
Nevertheless,
and glory
It is
in onr churches
or of eternal life
to love the
image
INTRODUCTION.
INTKODUCnoN.
Spirits,
oiu-
feet
and magnify
Lord Jesus
up his
stauros,
compelled a
lower of Jesus, whose murderers
stavros for
by to bear His
The wearer of
Calvary
I
burden.
Him,
faint
man
passing
and exhausted,
to
under the
spirit
cumstance than in poverty of
reverlove of admiration and
the
in
on
put
is
It
heart.
renunciaand
humiliation
for
ence of the imaffe; and not
It is worne fr.r
of this world.
tion of the pomp and glory
gilt
and embroidery, in carved and
distinction, in gold
'
INTRODUCTION.
INTRODUCTION.
crites
meant
calf; not
God,
I
their
Redeemer.
However
well intended,
it
misrepre-
truth in him.
own
for he
is
When
he spenketh a
liar,
lie,
is
proselyte
prayers
tithe
weightier
matters
faith."
no
of thc^
44).
an<l
law, judgment,
mercy,
and
he speaketh 9f his
viii.
the be-
make long
nothing
pretence
make one
Whosoever
for ye
to provoke, but to
for ye neither
'
for all
Jews
time
no
less for us
warned
tlie
from the
faith
and worship
lands
Moses
Wherefore
takers with them in the blood of the prophets.
ye be witnesses unto yourselves that ye are the chililren of
them which killed the prophets. Fill ye up then the measure
all
world,
Babylon
this day.
to
first,
',
all
liearts.
crucify Hiin."
face, saying,
"
Woe
Knowing
that
God, and
is
"
all
Scripture
is
given by inspiration of
"
able to
make
iii.
16, IC).
INTRODUCTION.
INTEODUCTIOK.
For
tliongli
wo
of
lie
race,
tlio
table,
of the
and
prophets,
garnish
the
sepulchres
of
and
the tomb
the
in jet,
in
Ye form
it
marble to decorate
righteous."
mystery, until
led
it
mc
men
ready to say,
Yet how do they, by garnishing His BC])nl(hre, " wilncss unto yourselves that ye are
the children of
them which
killed the
prophets?"
Jesus."
but no
Tliese are words easy to read, and hard to digest
more so than the words of our Lord in person, addressed to
the scribes and Pharisees and the doctors of the law of all
I'rdbably the \viitcr and the
nations and generations.
reader have no more idea of deserving this reproof, and of
fearing the condemnation threatened, than the scribes and
The Lord bless our rePharisees in Jerusalem of old had.
;
you may escape the just condemnation pronounced against the serpents and vipers of both the old and
of this dispensation.
Jlany delight
the prophets."
to displ.iy,
and
to decorate
out His
life's
murderers.
God poured
Ye adorn your
persons,
your walls,
the
iii.
Him
15).
up,
Ye
your
wood on
that whosoever
wood on which,
life
"
the vinegar and the gall, Jesus Christ our Lord gave up the
ghost
Ye
fashion
it
flection, that
in flowers to
artist's
all
and
them
in the Sacred
10
INTItODUIVriON.
INTRODUCTION.
tlint,
these like-
page by the
skill
The multi-
tude and the children, however, are not wise in these matters.
for truth
in sincerity of heart.
they use
tlie
Prayer-book
is
Volume.
Their
own
The wise
know
men for
also
appointed of
sincerity does
it
God
glorifying
in the
name
of Christ
and of the
a])Ostles
and martyrs.
Discovering imposi-
some of
become
false
way"
all
ment-seat of Christ.
distrustful
It
esteem
becomes
all
thy
gether
we
till
IN
AVOWED
INFIDELITY.
wheat.
We
fluence, their
unwholesorlfie
and devotion.
tent,
'
But
the paronts
and
We
handling.
Of
and personal
traditional
life
on principles of
see,
Accordingly
gromng wheat we may prevent the overspreadwe may disentangle some of the
time
Catholics,
28-30).
among Roman
xiii.
protect the
it
all
precepts concerning
11
pretensions,
human
Roman
'
12
INTEODUCTION.
ii
Catholic,
These will grow and flourish to the end of the world, aud to
the injury of faith, in spite of all that can be done to pre-
vent
it.
when "
But "
more curse, " nor sin, neither siclcncss nor sorrow, pain nor death, the coming Lord " will say
there shall he no
them
my
in buniUes to
burn them
xiii.
Now,
if
first
30).
this
CHAPTER
shall be revealed
work of what
sort
for the
by
fire
it is.
day
shiill
declare
it,
because
shall be burned,
he shall
that
in the
it
man's work
fire
suffer loss
" (1 Cor.
If
;
in English, or in
any
essential to constitute,
11-
and
No
such idea
abomination, or maketh a
fire.
fences or palisades
life
and glory.
God
nil (lie
and zulon.
In
but he
iii.
I.
Sravpht Kol Bv\ov, stauros and ztdon, are the only words
Greek Testament descriptive of the wooden cross of
Christ. Neither of them admit of the radical idea of a cros.i
be made manifest
I!
Roman
no more,
of glory, and
less.
Him up
lifted
priests
and
no
lifted up.
u
beam
nny timber; a
live tree."
ment
word
this
to signify
tlie
Testa-
wood
or timber on
it
it.
sense of a cross.
name given by
all
the
more nor
less,
on which
Stauros, however,
is
the
lawgiver.
"
cross.
honged, from
it
Ho was
is
veritable
me
x. 38).
mean two sticks joining each
New
nny
down
wood
fiery serpents
when he beheld
(Numb.
xxi.
now
it
and better
it,
to reverence
to wreathe
and love an
it
Is
it
iina^e ot
with laurel, to
bow
cross
hands of man ?
Not an instance of exalting or of honouring the
came
holier
When
Clirist's
Testament or in any
other boolc.
Lord sent
wood of
" (Matt.
not worthy of
forms singly
it
it
in the
or jointly,
nlive.
And
which the
Gethsemane.
signifies the
New
9).
15
TIIV;
our mouth
filled
16
ing
" for
we
Him
as lie
vile
glorious body,
but be like
is,
all
things with
there was no
crucified
CROSS.
stauros, or
among
the
Cicero.
the
much
as
" Dictionary of
"In
Livy," says
More
Seneca
-tjw'/,
flesh,
all
infclix
cross
generally,
or lignum,
was abhorrent
of Ilf)man citizens
tendom, whether
fashions,
same
scoffer or believer,
cross
monogram
in confoundidg the
in various forms
tlic
with the stauros driven through their body, and others were
spitted on
it.
in the cruelest
unburied, or
accursed of God)
xsi. 23).
Staurofl, or
crux simplex.
known
Compacto.
as the
of the classics.
+ Commiesn.
Dccusnatn.
is
Tammuz was
and
calling
thing.
And Augustus crucified 000 Sicilians. Under such circumstances, men could not bo particular about the form of the
'
is
for
life.
(
the cross
room
bodies."
17
t Immis.sa.
in hunting,
was
According
slain
to the mythologists,
by a wild
boar's tusk
Tammuz,
women,
of the anniversary was spent in a bacchanalian wake, carrying in procession, with lamps and burning torches, a cres-
Tammuz.
The night
11
TUE
18
cent uplifU'd in
Tammuz, "
of
OF CUiaSX NO IMAGE.
CltOSS
and a T in memory
most licentious and
He
in
Babylon
to
At
the city.
And He
Jealousy.
they do
Israel
among
committeth hero?
tluit
brought
me
in the wall
And
of
is
And
and,
when
And
he
tliey
Go
in,
monuments of Egypt, on
coins
among
celestials,
is
much
disputed
cir
wanton Venus
among
mortals
l)ut
and
So
do here.
xxiii. I'i).
I looked,
Kings
when
(2
or Bel
tlio
the house of
these.
woepin;;;-
image of
thou what
the
said,
men
the honourable
altar stood
abomination of the
high place before Jerusalem, " on the right hand of the
house
the
women
unmentionable crimes."
By
pleasure,
ID
A single
on
of heathen antiquity.
this subject
" The
charm
the cross as a
Empire
in
many
Tlie
mystic
'V
me. Son
the initial
marked on
Israel
imagery
Then
man
said he unto
in the
chambers of
He
his
the Lord
of
Tammuz, was
yet again, and thou shalt see greater abominations that they
do.
t/iera sat
Tammuz "
(Ezek.
viii.
0-14).
for sinful
It was
when they wore
variouslj' written.
Heaven.
tlie
The
'T'
the same sign has been used, having the same derivation.
At Nineveh
it
20
A OEAND MISTAKE.
their
thy gods,
p. 50.
two on
J).
150.
among
here.
The
the nations
of Europe and Asia long before the Christian era, and also
spire,
and
the images
alike are
cross, both
dumb
God and
With
i.
"
the
wisdom of God"
(1 Cor.
i.
24).
a curious fact,
A GRAND MISTAKE.
in regions of the
Hiit. Mex.
are a pretence
Israel,
Cosumel
to the
never come."
225, 2G8.
many and
cross, they
forms which the most learned and accurate are wont to call
by one common name, " the cross," which name qontradicts
oiu-
the Scriptures
stdurOs
monogram
to be exalted as the
divers
to supplant the
Rome, and
banner of Christendom.
Church of our
not in oppo-
Christ, by
is
sufferer.
whom
the world
vi.
14).
is
crucified
They
little
They
little
consider whether
Lord Jesus
and reproach on
it is
the
indeed honour-
image invented
to
conlmemorato
Him
Him
His
to death.
friends.
image
polity
lift it
on the church
their person,
say,
Campcachy.
It
and worship, on
continent,
in
made of
Israel
nil
21
and
the
.test
22
person.
their
"Worship
It
is
Him
many
Christ.
list
of some of
2.
pule.
No.
"^B^
3.
Greek
initial
^^
letters
the
5.
device of the
is
first
CHR
liLs
succcssorH.
With
cross, in
% * +
common
No.
0.
^ ^
in the Eastern or
Common Romish
"T"
Tammuz
forltcd form.
Greek Church.
Bare.
IJ
9.
Catholic cross.
or Syrian form.
10.
9p
or
comnxm
gallows.
them
the
cross
is
distinpii:i1i
the
it.
Np^ monogram
No.
CH
of Christ, corresponding to
two Greek
4.
of Christ, answering to
Primitive.
in English.
No.
No.
Besides
jT
English.
8'.
No.
in
ancient.
No.
No.
contrary to
all
7.
forms, each
No.
No.
THF,
'
tlic
23
VARIOUS FASHIONS OF
Among
Imbert
wood!"
Honour Christ, not
And, though rejected of men,
we mny hope
'
crosses.
\!
BAHNABAS.
rain, to the
Hist.
CHAPTER
tiire,
the
wood
in
man
vetler
Huly
It
Who
called.
nnd
men
till
we
see
it
in
any
in the
Gospel of Nicodenuis, so
knows
Barna-
and
and he
is
the
first also to
teach
men
cross,
Tliese
its
was pro-
his
cross as the
him
emblem of
salvation."
the Mijsterrj
o/2\8,I HT.
flu,'
number of Abraham's
tlirce
hundred, the
is
Barn.
viii.
but
trust
10-14.
in
(Gen.
(100)
xiv. 14.)
(10)
(3)
(S)
new
Mexican converted by
emblem of
292.
cross as the
'2.>
Scriji-
tlie
i.
Barnabas, nho
zulon; and no
same
ofMex.
ir.
nAHNABAB.
No
Shmr>Deh
rMllr
10
ri-(ih''ir'flh.
nntl
m'Otli.
hundrpi)
().
-/
O. Furry.
this
mys-
to transfer
There
the god of
is
THE CR033 OF
20
CIiniST
NO IMAGE.
of
tlie
attributed
|to
wayof tlie
He
Consider )iow
together
Barnabns, chap.
for thus
says,
x. 9,
and descend
it
And
mind now
death
to the
is
yea, the
Holy
Spirit put
it
and of
Him
Moses
xi. 1.
name
down
nar>i. vii. C.
for
Christ.
it
anything that
defileth, neither
maketh a
Then
,
upon
all
whatso-
we
trace
and
at
cured by hyssop."
Barn.
cross.
corruptions, the
might know that, if they did not believe in Him, they should be overcome for ever.
Moses,
therefore, piled up armour upon annour, in the midst of
the rising ground, and standing up high above all of them,
stretched forth his arms, and so Israel conquered again.
But no sooner did he let down his hands, but they were
again slain. And why so ? To the end they might know
stick ?
upon n
'
in
by n strange people,
To
But why was the hyssop and the wool put together ? To signify that in the kingdom of Christ there shall be evil and
filthy days, in which, however, we shall be saved because ho
that has any disease in the flesh by some filthy humours,
in the cross,
before God.
The Scrip-
neither does
men
He
27
BARNABA8.
have
name
of Bar-
i.
8).
first to
28
TIIK
kingdom of
tlint tlie
and
evil
C'lirist sliall
be in
tliiii
is
present world of
and
to
" the
and
to provide
his
embrace this
the
to prepare the
Now,
iiiultitudcs
To
for
But
and the
who
nations,
kingdom,
by the
Live
" the hope of the promise made of God unto our fathers "
has been preached niid clicrislic<l in the form of the king-
dom
of
God
at hand,
and yet
to
room of Adam
be subject to thy dominion
Then Jesus
mine.
who
are
sons,
his
righteous
and of
stretched forth His hands and said, " Come to me, all yo
saints, who were created in my image, who were condemned
now by
t/ie
when
t/ia
man
the other to " the children of God, being the children of the
art thou
King
of glory everlasting.
NICODEMTJS.
ruler
Adam
xvii.
13).
jiower,
is
me
To which he
Ye
all sorts
And why
like a thief s.
with Jesus.
He
gave
me
and
this sign
who com,the
Jews
of the cross,
When
I did this,
he
is,
countenance
answering, said,
thee,
"
him of
for thy
the angel,
witness,
deprived
"And
And if
saying. Carry this, and go to the gate of paradise.
who is the guard of paradise, will not admit
mitted
crucified
to Converse
in a miserable
all
Thou
'
thy advan-
all
of I'rotcstantR
and now
way of Anti-
saying,
christ,
20
NICODEMUS.
ar-
'I.
In the early
THE CEOSS OF
30
many
ages,
'th
grew, until
image of the
all
own
among
in
Again, " AVhen the people made war upon Amalek, and
the sou of Nun, who was surnamed Joshua, led the battle,
Moses himself prayed to God with his hands stretched out on
to
cross,
ajiostles,
superstition.
31
JUSTVN MARTYU.
NO IMACE.
CIIKTRT
cither side
if
he gave way at
defeated.
JUSTYN MAnTTIt.
The
and
Barnabas and Nicodeniun. And the same silence is notice" Shepherd of Hcrmas" a work of the imagina-
horns of a unicorn.
is
able in the
This
Jiistyu
apostles
f(jr ;iiiy
Martyr
who
is
cross.
known
He
says,
"The
I'asclial
for the
lamb, in roast-
it
coming
in
His kingdom.
and supersti1
difficult for
Justin,
p. 239.
Such are Barnabas and Justin, who put their own words
in the mouth of the toly prophets, and whose symbolism
takes the literal facta of Scripture, and makes of them any-
fiction,
p. 120.
say,
extravagance of the ideas interests some minds, like Blunchausen stories, professing even the deluge to be typical of
one
However
the earliest
manname of
in this
swi'lliiig
it
For
THE CEOSS OF
32
thing, the
the figure
CIIKIST
TERTUIXIAN.
NO IMAGK.
moved from
trio,
set
forth
Far re-
from
faith,
which
is
among
of
its
tlin
image
us, I
must
tell
them.
signs, flags,
Your
Half a century
" Apology
after
Justin,
Minutius
him
Felix,
and
in his
his friends,
Octavius, the
of Borne.
Cecilius
to be
told
hanged on
and feared
to
come
so good at a resurrection,
Where now
wlio
is
is
that
God
of yours,
else are
gilt
your en-
and beautified?
a man on
For what
deities.
lijce
the
is
The sign of a
it.
cross apjicars in
palm of your
liand.
fend sign.
3:i
figure.
God
Thus you
by you."
Christians were not charged with desiring, but worshipping crosses, and for the folly of that worship deseri-ing to
Instead of instinctively denying the
be hanged on them.
foul
From
it,
while he
to their
own
this
cross with a
imder Severus
comThe
sharp point of the charge for us, bears on Christians worshipping the posts set up for impaling them alive, which
crucifix,
man
and
on
this
it," is
among pagans
On
the testimony of
before a cross
among
rcith
man
on
it
tax our religion with the worsliipof a criminal and his cross,
As
to
imagine
tertulliaN.
either.
Tertullian, of the
Felix,
34
in his
" Apology
ChriHtians,"
for
TERTULUAK.
first
unnatural practices
such
ass
Do
tlioj
who think we
workman
3.-)
forms an image
feet,
represent a part of
And
cross.
tlie
do we not better
moulds made
in
some
cast,
said before, in
trojiliies
we
as
made
into crosses.
Roman
soldiers
They
which
all
for the
most part
So that
all
Apol.
p.
would seem,
them." Ter.
it
all
68, L. Path.
this, that
you
manner of adorning
This admits that
all
ence, love,
pearls
felt
emotions.
in. the
is
im-
Roman
In
is
own
principles
and
practices,
it
to the heathen
he virtually admits
on their
it.
In-
third century.
in that century,
and they
laid
t-o
down
36
ovnilAN.
death,
tlie terrible
Home
"
for the
gods are
On
it
till
in the delusion.
was
made
all
ncss of unrighteousness,"
was enveloped
:?r
CYPRIAN.
in
heathen
sort
this
five
gold,
])ossibly deceived
by
Many,
make
foil
He was an
admirer of the works of his countryman Tertullian, and
followed him, as Tertullian did Justin and Barnabas, in the
matter of Joshua's victory over Amalek, with this difference
and sign of
"
plained
Tertullian says, in
tiiis
altiiis
set
up neither
of any god."
Ho
But
to the sign
he attri-
all
our
and death
which
it
written
is
of agony
of " Christ and of God,"
:
3).
of the arboris
Again, Cyprian says, " They only
;
accursed tree.
who
signo
life
the
Christi signatifiierint,"
signum
.\iv. 1,
Signum Bet
tur."
ment
As
initial
primitive: not
staiiro.t
and xxii.
Christ
is
Name
escape
His Father's
the cross."
says Cyprian.
infelicis
it.
.^ign of Christ"
with the murderous stauros. not with the
movements, oyr travels, our going out and coming in, putting on our shoes, at the bath, at the table, in lightipg our
occupies us,
all
is
and
suffering
to the
Christ.
cross," he says,
it
marh of
and
Christ,
is
the initial
glory.
Signum Dei, Christi
which His servants put upon
which
This
is
Bingham's Ant.
b.
this is
38
and honourable
fitting
is
CUOSS OK
TlIK
CllIilST
but tbe
of
fiign
tlie
murderous crosn
from
its
birth in
Tammuz and
NO IMAaH.
recommend
it
That the mark of Christ's name, and not of tlie wood of His
cross,
"
How many
verbum Christi."
by
Elliott's
Only
fifty
Aug.
et
in corila
Quam multi
non
recipiitnt
xi. 55.
Quoted
HorcB Apoc.
far.
liltenesses
canon 38,
ought not
object adored
to
to declare,
he allowed in
and worRliippcd
tlic
commanded
the
wooden
crosses
quibusdam in lads a se
collocatas, adorari."
crosses
by
his
Basil,
New
Jerome, Nazienzen,
his prayer
his
spent
perfect
what
is
most excellent
in
mitted them to
them,
to wit
that forsak-
New
became a great
Ann., a.d.
at once
Bar.
century
by
first of aH
which were set up by him
on the
siiould be represented
we
tells
beautiful
lest
wooden
cause assigned,
and severest of the persecutions, as made against the images, and not against the
Christians, who suffered martyrdom sooner than worsliip
them. And wo further oecept his testiramiy, " that Gregory
might seem
ders he wrought.
reject the
Homan
walls."
we
to their absence,
Spain
" That pictures or
39
make merry,
and riot in
" And why not? " asks
solace themselves,
!
"
"
Is it
not lawfid to
which things were impiously used by the pagans in superthat by a high contempt of the devil, in the
Btitiorffi worship
delights
to be worshipped, Christ may be honvery way he
oured of all?"
cessful.
all
by a sacred
rite,
Ann.
vol.
i.
p. 198.
This laurel
is
plucked
THE CUOSS
40
01'
CIIKIST
NO
the
IMA(!E.
to
religion
as
day,' where
may
among
be seen in
the walls
all
Roman
of
41
which
He dismissed but
saints,
altar
is
saint.
its
Bar. Ann.ycA.
i.
is
p. 108.
The story
the true God, might be done in the service of the true religion."
harmony
in the
following particulars:
Rome, equally
places, of
rite,
which
all traces
were then
lost.
A resident
heathen, having
might be dedicated
(a.d. 327),
two thieves,
in the
crosses of our
To determine which
centuries.
of the three was the one sought, recourse was had to mira-
Two
cles.
and
to gain the
suffered
the
old
idols
and
to
receive
the
and
man
to
remain,
honours
altars
supposed' to be
Such
is
the fruit of
life.
Jew
to the
common
Helena
Many
to every
known form
was burned
crossesi
to ashes, as
escaped the
fire^
a thing accursed.
If these three
it.
of Cesarea
Maximus,
covery.
for
twenty years
him
nt the time
after,
never mentions
Cyril succeeded
it.
and
known
and
of the dis-
least notice
is
the
first
person
till
Cyril
At
a.d. 337.
was consecrated
!'
the
to succeed
Bishop
to catch at marvels,
tlie
left
of
built, furnished,
Con-
tliis
43
ST CYRIL OF JERUSALEM.
42
3.50.
his peers,
He was
on a charge of
tilings, vessels,
tried,
and
proved
At
and beyond
is
widely kept
.il)uii(l.intl3'
and
to the destinies of
Christendom,
On
image
is
glorying in
in one,
but
many
denominations.
that
it is
as
much
right, but a
lie
it
was
for Constantine,
right to
" (2 Thess.
it
ii.
as the
II).
THE DELIVERY OF
A.D. 34.5.
He
in
Jerusalem,
Emperor Con-
rising
the
a second
the emjiire.
The deceitful
upon the steeples, is resting upon the pulpits,
the windows, on the walls, and the sacred
By
later,
Without counting on
now
is
wholly to neglect giving her credit for it, was almost as bad
as to sell the consecrated vessels given by her son to the
church of the Holy Sepulchre.
OF CHItlST NO IMACE.
TIIK CEOSfi
THE
OF THE
OI.OllY
STAUliOS.
afraid of
tion.
I should
deny
it
wood
all
the
the world."
Ci/r,
tree.
to this
It
day
was
in the
all
" Be the stauros our seal," says Cyril, " made with boldness by our fingers on our brow, and in everything
the bread
in
we
eat
when we awake
are
still.
Great
when we
is
its
grace
is
from God.
for
without
toil
And
without
It is the sign
He
over
in our comings
we
that preservative.
of the faithful,
Crucified;
tlie
they are
"
(p. 101).
sign to the
is
wood sometimes,
" Though
Him
reminded uf
Roman
In Christ comes
down
all
clerics
on
nil occasions.
Christ triumplie<l
Christ "
made a show of
wood, but by humbly bearing
the wood, being patiently nailed to the wood, and lifted up,
enduring the cross, despising the shame, and by being
" obedient unto death, even the death of the sttmirofi.
name
is
devils
that
heel.
among
the
many
witnesses
for Christ,
this place
now almost
filled
is
into light
is
those
who were
who were
blind through
47
.KOtOKV0.THB.00O0KTn."STXUBOS."
"
THE
Ul.vi\'
devils, overthrows
in
Clirist
trumpeting
He had
price.
its
"
fame.
hns rnnsomtMl
It
tlie
whole world."
the
or
it,
lio
and
Many
wood
I close
make
first
with thy hnnil the sign of Chiint's cross, and the gainsaycr
dumb"
(p. \b\).
from him.
then
is
For
an
is
whom
if so,
and
if
salvation
is
unsubstantial.
is
from the
is
If the cross is a
Take, therefore,
first
it
an uuassail-
faith.
hast
So likewise Pilate,
and of the
trees,
against thee.
which
to this
the
A
To
piece of
this
so aMutarv
wood,
cross,
mi-ht be cheap
tolic
^'ttle
is
any
is
(pP-
price.
apos-
^f^^^ %,
glory m
^^^'^ fooUsb, and tothe honour
the image
at
Christ's sake
is
^^ ^
^'^^r
m. tlo^s
The
Emmanuel ^^^^J
due to
^hes W^
adoration, or
J ^'^
P--
power of heaUng
^.^^^ ^,i ,^,,
^^^
, ,,,,, or
.^
^^^^.
Highly as
^^^^^^,
^^^ ^^^^^
of the cross ;
^^^
and sign
'
Cynl would
it.
tions to reverence '^"'^^^^
^^^^^^ before
burn incen.c
^^,^
and
kiss,
^^^^^^^ ^^ ^^^
to bow do^vn,
had --y
shocked
His object
,f jt.
V,ave been
^"^^
much --''
and by no means
^ Vorthy
w^
the
the wo d to
of
dispose
.as to
J^ adoration ashis
object oiro.ej
in
it an
.^^^^^^^^,
make
to
episcopate, he
come to be among
,ery wood
itself,
diaconate and
^^^
has
""^'^
"^'"'^^f'
crucified
If the cross
also a fancy.
also a fancy,
is
he
away
illusion, turn
thing
cross
10--^ ^^^-
,e exalted and
will bo
charms"
40
^^^^-^^^^nS
that
His error in
'
'
^^^^^,^ the
world stands.
^^ while the
omcT Pll-d
'jr
higuer o
10).
vi.
sorrows (1 Tim.
himsef and h
confuses
Cyril
to
at one time
stauros lightly,
sign
He confounds the
word
^^ ^,;g the
,
^^^^
^^^
^^^^^
^.^^ ^^^ ,,g^ of
Christ.
Chrysostom
T'^"'"^""
the poet,
Pnidentius
-1
in
but
,
r
of the
Cynl,
beginning
Not only
^^^
48
Till!
REV. A niSLOP'S
(if
Rol<l,
innrkod
tlie piirpli'
Lalxinini
T/*c cross,
Tlie coins
powers of darkness.
p. 35G.
"Christ" on
the
Labarum and on
call
monogram
tlie
'^^c'l '^nd
to
in the hearing of a
it,
tural term,
moans
'
the accursed
means
may
same
the
^v^wliich
(Iguic
shines on
tlicir crests, an
common
the jioct, in
Thus
times, con-
all
an
which
interpreter.
and sculpture
We
trace
minds."
it
it
is
We
presented to us.
those initiated
in baptism on the foreheads of
variety of way,
every
in
used
was
and
mysteries,
in the
as a
it
called
marked
paint
now
is
mystic Tau
no Christian emblem at all, but was the
Tuu was
mystic
Tliat
Egyptians.
of the Chaldeans and
instance.
it,
'
same magio
mysteries, was applied by. paganism to the
That
honours.
same
the
with
honoured,
was
purposes,
To
the sun,
it
identify
circle
Prudentins
testifies,
sings,
and
tiie
imperial
coins
and
Sometimes
it
circle
Tammuz
of the
sun
with
"f"
.The mystic
TWO BABYLONS."
the priests
was marked on the official garments of
as a token
hand,
their
in
it was borne by kings
of Rome
The
authority.
divinely-conferred
or
heart
4i
every hour of
great refuge in every time of danger, in
all the,
temptation, as the infallible preservative from
"TWO BABYLONS."
^rft
it
the
Roman
scribed
in
Hislop's "
Two Babylons,"
a work of great
Mr
Hislop says,
The
cross
is
charm, as the
of their divinity
vestal virgins of
laces,
Rome wore
it
60
{CrM's
Christ
Maurice,
tlic
'
Mi/tholoff;f, p. 193).
is
fact,'
and beautiful
tree as
by the Romanisers
Church of England
several
was
also
the
inscr.ibed
'
band
covereil with
lie
croHHOR,
Sweet
all
is
tlie
And
members of
use of
Thau''
letter
'
"
for the
forth
cross
trees
to the godly,
cross,
among
and bud.
'
Hail,
world,
says
51
to
The
the
'
way
which
in
it is
the cross
ing from
is
It is exactly
am
is
ductive of whatever
the
largely
it.
in
ivorsZ/ij)
favourite
tlie
Though
to the cross.
among Buddhists,
emblem and device among them.
not an object of
terrestrial
told),
is
paradise
(Col. Wil/ord's
Figures, p. 292;
is
pp. 283,
placed
Asiatic Re-
Hislop's
Two
Bahylons).
" Compare
this
incidence.
of
life
; '
Rome
it
will be seen
how
exact
it is
is
called
'
ap-
the co-
the tree
to address it
pp. 288-294.
A SUMMAltY.
53
Joseph bore
eousness' sake.
this
CHAPTER
III.
A SUMMARY.
The
Scripture sense of
Christ,
is
in
tlie
tlic
concrete
word stauroa,
ii
of
stauros of Christ
a wooden
life.
to
The
said.
He
that taketh
Xian
III.
and
whom
sense,
stake
is
in their
and
us
is,
to
Following
whom
is
not the
In every
a pale or wooden
the reproach,
make
for Christmas,
generally known.
Xmas
for Christian.
the world
i.e.,
and
for Christ,
i.e.,
tive
manuscripts
not his
me;"
not worthy of
mean
II.
" Jesus
and followeth
I.
the wood.
despising the
stauros,
it,
it
i.e.,
is
In
sufferer.
the
till
and the
this
TIIK CROSS
64
pale or stake
except a certain
A SUMMARY.
OF CHRI3T NO IMAOB.
man under
the assnmed
same
wood in
follows in the
Hades.
Minutius
Felijc
and Tertullian,
in
it is
no
tlian for
no
whose mark
the
the
is
kingdom of
the whole earth now, than the Jews were in the etcpcciavoj
when they
of that kingdom,
The Greek
the beginning
5.5
memory
initial
crucified the
of Christ
is
Lord of glory.
a sign bringing to
tlio
and
again to judge the quick and, the dead, and to give His
eagles.
and of God."
And,
finally,
we
faithful followers
the wood, and for the wood of the staiiros, without saying
tice
about worshipping
it.
IIo neither
of primitive Christians
to fortify their
minds
and
all
life,
as
worthy
own
if
he did not.
It
wood
is
an
Tammuz,
or old
is
inconceivable
but
it is
custom came at
last to
for Christ.
be superstitious
is
That
evident.
this
After
Roman
when
Catholic
same strong
overflowed Cliristendom,
many
name of the
cross,
had
superstitious practices of
tide of
is
now
first
year of his
reig'n
56
Britain,
most
wns culled
j<))'oiis
piiljlicly to
constantine's vision.
IJIAOE.
and
tlifl
and
his
.57
The
altars
and observances
he performed with
all
In the
fifth
brother, Moxentius,
who
Constantino entered
Rome and
fell
in defeat
ignotam
effigiem,''''
adds Baronius
for a
former emperor,
Eusebius alone
the
likeness
of the
tells
the story,
it
all
lips
himself
alone.
CO and 69
He
Christian.
till
ture of
Rome),
Rome,
as well as
things,
political,
and mixed,
over all Christendom
neither
could any man, in his latter years, stand up to resist his
" Until forty years of age," snys the historian
will.
of the " Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire," " ConChristian
liberality
of the gods.
On
revolviilg in his
mind
gods, together with the god which his father had honoured
\o
servd,
(How
perfectly natural
THE CROSS OF
58
*'
When
CIiniST
little
NO IMACE.
ment
vlica,
'
By
an inscription plainly
it
Great astonish-
this conquer.'
him, and
CONSTANTINE S VISION.
said,
letter
(kt),
in the
monogram,
to be
drawn on
all
their shields."
tvas
he thought
named
59
Christ, not
soldiers.
It
marked on
was X {ki)
his
for
Christ of
tantius, confirmed
the
stantine at this day, not the sign of the accursed tree, not
" Rising
He
his friends.
stones,
image
descended,
it
me.
erect,
called for
It
God
to
my
was of
was covered
form
this
all
gold.
show
and
was
eyes.
On
Upon
fine
Greek name,
X (hi)
Clirist,
(rlio,
the
first
two
curiously inserted,
which
plainly
sec.
28
'Misopogon.'"
sec. 24.
"Neither
city.
the
X (hi)
nor the
K (kappa)
it
you say,
monogram from
the
to 31.
the pagan sign of Tammuz, but the sign of God, the monogram of Christ, was what Constantine saw in the sky, if he
saw anjrthing, and plaoed on his shield, as iiistructed in
" You have on the Labarum," says Baronius,
his sleep.
" the name of Christ expressed by XP, (i.e., CIIR)
for that by the letter X (hi) the name of Christ used to
He
that
and
and not
Do
not
all
mark
for the
of a Christian, was
for Christ,
60
COPIES OF MEDALS
We
here
is
blame Constantine
for this
wooden
61
cross, he
must
the Glory of
understand
but
it
monogram
figured in the
do not
of Constantine consists of a
monogram of
in
a "wrcnth
upon
tlic
lioncatli
flagstaff,
Christ, encircled
of gold,
fixed
appended
to the
hangs a silken
flag,
family, appear.
This below
is
sec. 26.
first
in a wreath.
On
is
of a modal.
monogram
the reverse
is
the
Bar. Ann.
begins to appear.
cross
02
on
COPIES OP coins
of (he Arm;/.
if that
name
standard,
bon, and
found
carried
in
Dr
2d
a staunch
and takes
cotta
Lend.,
ed..
C. Dnlmar, 1857.
is
biitfh',
in
Itoek's llicr-
'
Roman
others, so far as
3k or
They
them
call
in
Roclc
Catholic,
Dr
from a terra-
this
all
oidy.
Yet Ensebius,
"f"?
to be
vrgin, p. 358,
Christ,
it,
two
or
which
one
The slauros
it is not.
3K and
net
Now
"T~
and
one stick,
is
the
monogram
is
not
is
jL.
name, and
confusion,
Ton*
TOJ ViKO..
(/?y thit cnyi'juer
a counterfeit,
to
C3
Kf
Were
is
)
ters
" Saying,
am Alpha and
Omega, the
and the
first
last" (Rev.
11).
i.
copied
cross,
Ilier.
Tliis third
p.
word, by a slight
face, is
shift, is
of the
Babylon on the
from
302.
micifx
that
human body
wood of the
fixed
cross,
the fnll-ffrown
idol.
is,
the
on the
which is
quite
is
of that salutary
courage."
the
-i-
ridiculous.-
virtue
was followed by
which he placed on
our Saviour
his
not of the
helmet
hand was
the
s3'mbol
wood on which He
the same
of Christ
suffered.
confound the
As
differ-
THE CROSS OF CnniST NO mAGK.
G4
ing
emhleiTiFi
under
tlie
one
common
cross
COPIES OF MEDALS
engraven on their
wiis
was interwoven in their hauners and the consecrated emblems which adorned the person of the emperor
himself, were distinguished only by their richer materials,
and more exquisite workmanship." Those emblems, called
shields,
here
tlio
cross,
XP
\,
as
it
Inmbs of the
flock in holy
transverse beam.
The
and the
cross,
in
X asleep
to this world,
the
awake
to
God.
and
life eternal.
of Christ.
the staiiros, the monogram, and the Latin cross, are symbols
in sense.
No
gram.
The
error
tects
in a
word
awnke
of the
it
Its
initial letters
still
Gibbon,
of Christ in the midst of the ensigns of Rome."
ch. XX.
Yes, " the monogram of Christ," " the sign of
No
Christ, the
is
honours are
family.
name
owner of the
and never of the wood on which He bore onr sins
His own body. The sign of the cross for CHRIST is
dard which displayed the triumph of the cross, was called the
It is described as a
baptism
one look at the figures on the medals and coins will show;
and, as the historian says himself. " But the principal stanlabarnm.
is
for the
name
mono-
The symbol
is
in
of the
many
infinitely
the right
differing
more unlike
hand of the
Roman
citizen.
but
that politic
fire his
God
the sole empire (a. d. 323), each of the rival emperors rallied
his forces,
and
God
fathers.
Tlie pagan worshippers supTo Constantino and the monogram of
Christ, the confessors of the faith adhered.
The enthusiasm
ported Licinius.
66
CoriES OF MEDALS
They
With
joined battle, and fought for their emperors, for the empire
strife,
says Lactantius,
^^
Con-
fierce
combatants of
its
fell,
Then Constantine's
chosen band for the protection of the labarum rallied, came
to the rescue, raised up the fallen banner again, and turned
triumph went up from
all their
ranks.
When
Roman
world.
kingdom of
this
and
all
power was
civil
magis-
of the
dumb
and
relics
t^n
to
;^ to
name through
of Christendom.
ap-
P
all,
to
-J" and
to
banner
terrible shoiit
into
the same
C7
those changes
of the martyrs.
"T-
retaining
thus giving
his
work
it
69
Roman
Catholic
This work,
CHAPTER
THE
monuments
Rome, furnish ample testimony to the
correctness of our views.
The sepulchral inscriptions of
Christians in Rome from a.d. 71 to 600, amount to about
pointed by Pius IX. for the preservation of the
IV.
of Christian art in
11,000
Of
'
name
Old TcBtnmciit
in mystery,
New
by the
TeHtaniciit
the dead
; a
name among
God,
(lie
holy doctrine of
A.D. 32.5.
mid brought
to light in the
rcHMrrcrlioii of .TeHiin
Clirist
pr('n(Jii'(l
took
less
from
nations,
Of
doctrine
all
Tlie very
a doctrine mutilated
end of the
fifth
Not
name
wood appear.
of the mouogram
above
who spent
according
to
Louis
them and
The French Government, at
in the
number above
for the
shall
that to the
former half of the sixth century are about 200, and in the
who
From
Jfo^'t Hferurv., p
CM
70
Interpretation of
tomb
tlie
is
in
HH
"
p. 3.17,
EMILIVS IN PACE
yiX- ANN.. XV. D.
that fastened
Him
to the tree,
to the
And
It is curious that,
p. 127).
to this city
It is easy to
crown of thorns
Ill
and
71
to the Pope.
looks to Christ.
for
to
it.
We
have
received
our
intoxicated.
Scriptures, ministry,
AVhile praising
God
not
may
and
they did not place before the eyes of the faithful any image
of Jesus Christ on the cross.
monogram
first
naked, but
Church,
is
now
associated with a
the whole body, with the hands and feet pierced with
nails " (vol. iii., 91. Sec also Schaff^i Hist., vol. iii., 561).
among
all
fashioned in
be furnished with a
course of things,
wards
is
human
figure,
and worshipped.
The
symbols of the
Boman Church
among the
Dama-
in the pontificate of
BUB,
whose bloody
strife
CHANGE or THE
was nearly
three centuries later before the public heart became so
hardened as to allow an iiiiai;e of our Saviour suspended
on the cross. The Council of TruUo, A.u. 092, in canon
82, first decreed, " That Christ, represented iit the cross by
makes
form"
th<:futur<',
[liocli's llierurij.,
307 to 385.
of Clirist, just as
II.
human
their
In
its
origin,
(/')
has become
that were
" looking
in
is
come,
to
is
as the
but
mock sun
is
to
shapeless
wood
wood of
self-
to
to the
sign of Taniinuz,
denial to scnHuality,
III.
the image was never a sign of Clirist nor of His cross, but
tion
forms,
350).
it
SIGN.
It
name
73
72
in all lands.
7V/ird,
monogram supplant
now
Bome, under
name.
if
her emperors.
So Christendom disre-
name
of
Still,
all
the
pagan
With
cross.
of
its
and
cross
invention,
its
its
royal vision,
miraculous powers.
its
holy multiplication,
monogram almost
disappeared.
the sign
of the
74
IS
fifth centurieR
shame
agree
Why
should a rational
shame.
monogram
instrument of it?
banner
for his
it
to the
is
name and
and
God
in
Uis house.
It is a jiretendor
monogram
of Christ, con-
common
in the
What
blindness."
'
before
Lift
it,
it
and
It is monstrous.
be acceptable to
Bow down
the cheek, or the nails which fastened His hands and His
feet to the tree, really brought to our view, tliey would,
of
The common
it
Were the
head,
wounded
crown of thorns taken from the Saviour's
Israel
on
of
Judge
the
smote
or the rod with which they
75
It
else is
We
tliis
most unnatural
home
case
in honour,
to our
will plainly
own
and glory
heart.
in,
slain
cruel hands, had, without the slightest provocation,
and
brother
elder
our
our best friend and benefactor
and
and
death
THIS GLORYING IN
IS
TlIJi
TO QOU
Could
He make an
Can
it
left to
make an ornament
on which He was
chief priests and
evil
idol of the
and
lifted up,
amid the
rulers of
ecoils
Can
it
be
ing
in the
on which
the
He
shame?
capital
punishment
was a shame,
else
No
how
is
cross, are
it.
Neither can
it
in
not rather, in a burst of indignation, exclaim,
Phariand
"
scribes
you,
unto
Woe
Christ,
the language of
prophets,
hypocrites, because ye build the tombs of the
Would he
sees,
" If
and garnish the sepulchres of the righteous, and say,
have
not
would
we
we had been in the days of our fathers,
prophets.
been partakers with them in the blood of the
the
Wherefore ye be witnesses unto yourselves, that ye are
" (Matt, xxiii. 20).
prophets
the
killed
which
children of them
76
No
language
is
Nor does
natural.
gild,
and wear
it
it
for a
make
worship, to the
an
for
It
jiridc
of
stamped with
life,
it.
Tin's is
tlie
No
an ornament
ceiveth
pomp
prophecy.
of public
of 8in,2The8s.
may
it
be taken
all
Take away
His
what
1 will,
all,
eyes
this
memory
afflicted
of the various
God,
God," is holy scripture, is aposand confirmed by all ecclesiastical
is
my
tdi
Antichrist,
who
shall
to the great
when
God
called
is
those
thirteenth century,
aeffaa-fia
prophecy, illustrated
history,
this
is
that he as
tolic
but what
God, or
3, as identical
ii.
21),
this
empire
horn of singular power, to
make war upon the saints, and to prevail against them till
the time came that the saints possessed the kingdom (Dan.
vii.
image.
little
pagan image
is a false cross, from which the holy apostles would shrink
in horror, however the multitude of their successors honour
article
77
iinjirove the
tlio
MAY
nt
I'BAY IT
age to an image of
TF.
4'
judgment, which
is
the
the beginning
to this day.
Antichrist, foretold
in all
the Churches, wheil set before our eyes, should not appear
strange
filled
with conceit
for we are
some measure of it, in our day and
Placed under the same temptations, no people
it,
and
in
THE CROSS OF
78
CtlTlIST
"TF,
NO IMAOK.
tlie
suaros of
tlie
lies
taken.
ITer Church,
till
Rome
was
re-
(lie Ijaliii
aristocracy.
Succeeding
whether in
with an
afilicted
judging none:
heart,
do not pal-
all
and
And
Cor.
therein,
healed.
endom.
Is
For,
all
first
beast
the earth,
live.
and poor,
hand, or
And
he causeth
all,
free
and bond,
to receive
in their foreheads
mark
might buy
Let
11).
xiii.
me
my
.5).
he exerciseth
before
in
plain terms
And
dragon.
We
the apostle's day, slowly grew, from the fourth to the ninth
is
(Rev.
written," in
in their right
iv. 7.)
in royal
the teaching of
name
it
79
No*
great,
we would be warning
"For who
"
its
religion
dismembered
Rome
its
it.
Rome
into his
own
hands.
He
re-
80
'
tlie
TlIK
81
authority of the emjieror and kings anointed and acknowledged by the Pope, is read in the history of Eurojie from
make
naked, and
desolate,
for
He gave
it
a sign, or n innrlc
it
if
will.
receive,
its
maker.
The
kingdom, 000.
maker and
must
their
to whom they, with one mind in centuries past, gave
to
heiirts
their
put
in
hath
God
For
strength
power and
kingdom unto
fulfil His will, and to agree and give their
official
it
Lateinos
a-
T.
e.
V-
I-
30+1+300+5+10+C0+7O+20OJ
"
Great, with
did live"
coming
judgment.
to
Now
whose
all
(Lnteino8),andhi8numbcri8GGG."
"
And
16-18).
A.
shall be fulfilled.
image is
Latin, and the reader for himself can count the name and
number of a man in Greek numerals
Pontiff, the
God
in the person of
Charlemagne and
is
Lateinos
which counts
this
nor are they looking ftnd waiting for the coming of our Lord
The prophecies appear to be remarkably
Jesus Christ.
" little horn" of
fulfilled so far as regards the beast and
num-
Again,
in their right
must be conspicuous
to all eyes.
And
who
that no
the Latin realm, " save he that had the mark, or the
number of
of his business
calling,
spiritual
if this
name
or
in
like a dra-
But where
mark
in the right
is
the
mark of the
distinguished,
sell in
" who
THE CROSS OF
82
this is a
iiimf^c,
IiIh
{liiiv. x'w.
mark of import
NO IMAOI'
CIlIilST
until the
Mean what
11).
the midst of
" Babylon
heaven,
is fallen, is fallen,
is
flying through
a second
"
And
man
the
If any
worship the beast and his image, and receive his mark
(llcv.
same
And
the
first
mtirtals, of
tlioy
for
he deceived them that had the mark of the beast, and. them
that worshipped his image (Rev. xix. 20).
Also, that we
may have our portion with such as " liad not worshipped
sawest
is
sitteth
times, Italy
this
By
groat things"
man, and
this
world.
is
and
that
monarchy
6])eaking
Forbid to buy or
sell, to
forbid,
marry
or
publicly, or to
to a deprivation, in his
But what
If
Is it a real mark, or imaginary ?
the mark ?
hid,
be
cannot
it
forehead,
right hand or in the
the
be
visible to all
to see.
We invent
real, in
it
must
nothing
the harlot
neither the apostasy, nor the man of sin, nor
nor the mark, nor
city of his abode, nor the Antichrist,
thousand years
" that wicked"
for a
By
is
and
dispensable
the
mouth
interdict,
high conceit, of
under
laid
and put
hell,
to give in marriage, or
By
kiii.L:
this
under penalty of
the beast, neither his image, neither had received his mark
upon their foreheads,^'' for " on such the second death hath
no power" (Rev. xx. 4-0).
By that power, enthroned on the " seven mountains on
woman
the
By
in Christ's stead.
which the
to
which assumes not only the character, but the very name
of " the Antichrist," i.e., the vicar and viceregent of
the sole monarch over the nations of this world
Christ
xiv. 9).
may,
it
8a
'
the
the
manner of
which " made war with the saints nnd prevailed against them
<.'
his end.
These
THE CROSS OF
84
CHIIIST
NO IMAGE.
"
S.')
accepted or despised,
known
When
"
tion
ye therefore
sliall
place,
whoso
in
Antichrist, nor
why
am
unable to
(Dan.
What
vs to understand
is
in tliern
is
in the holj'
anj'
which of old
led,
and
is
now
say, that
of the desolator."
may
tions, together
indicate the
own
may
as
set
up both
in
siege
which were
set
Roman
also
this
Whoso
God manifest
tlie
and
at the
And
on the
this
"abo-
idol,
its
same
Lord,
him understand."
standards
he were
or eagles
if
where his
purchase re-
to purgatory,
excejit they
fire,
making
which
It turns
from
thus
reodeth, let
ornament.
ing Saviour.
It separates the
It arrests
the
" YE
86
a senseless image, to n
dumb
idol, to a
it
lying vanity.
image,
lips to the
as
no excuse
is
for reverencing
Few
do.
in
all
its
fashionable lead,
to
to
May God,
sliding Israel
among
all
men may
nations, that
tlio
cease from
may
an heavenly,
moved
and
Isaac,
and
or shaken,
in the everlasting
now and
to receive a
To
kingdom
Him
of our
be glory, both
Amen."
for ever.
COME."
87
Jacob's tents.
worshipped.
they never give back, but they gain " favour by degrees"
among the curious, " the young, and tlie impressible the
;
and reverencing
the likenesses
the iinages.
To such preach-
much prove"
{Ilomihj 14).
give
be
IS
churches.
of the cross ia foremost of the furaily of idols in the
" the cliief priesU and the scribes and the elders
seeing that in Jcrusaleiu
priest, who was
of the people assembled together unto the palace of the high
kill Him,"
Caiaphas, and consulted that they might lake Jesus by subtiltyand
the same classes in Christendom have, for
it need not too much amaze us that
the image of that cross on
theTr own ends, also agreed together to glorify
The imago
And
the Holy
of Vermont foresaw
ritualism will
grow
is
Tliat
which the
late
Bishop
" This
it,
Symbols were
Idolatry
at first
it
appeals with
Law of Ritualism).
because
"grew
"At
first
THE
88
CliOSS
OF CHRIST NO IMACE.
the
saint.
heathen, conciliated
>
to the scripture,'
" Little
chil-
body of them
xip
They
They were
convinced that these " teach no good lesson, either of Gtod
or of holiness ;" but as Augustine says,
"They be of more
an unhappy soul tlian to instruct it in
truth."
It is time in England, while many of the educated and higher classes are drawing nearer, and some are
going over, to Rome, to weigh well the question, " What
force to crooken
out from
among
thcni,
God with
idols?
Wherefore, come
and be ye separate,
J'RINTED DV
saitli tlie
vi.
14-17).
Lord,
^!
MS
J'
DATE DUE
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