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TELUGULO MATLADUKUNDAM

.
.
Let us speak in Telugu
(With transliteration and English translation)

C P Brown Academy
The Alpha Foundation
Hyderabad, India

- telugulo- matladukundam
. .
Managing Editor: GRK Murty
Senior Consultant: M Hanumantha Rao
Original in Telugu: D Sujatha Devi
Translator: Y V Ramakotaiah
Editorial Support:
Y Anand, V Aruna Devi
Chief Visualizer: A Bangaru Babu
Cover Design and Illustrations: B Anjaneyulu
@ 2008 C P Brown Academy. All Rights Reserved.
Every effort has been made to make this book the most accurate, veritable and helpful means of its kind.
However, the publisher regrets any error that may yet have crept in. The information contained in this
book is merely for reference and must not be taken as having authority of or binding in any way on the
authors, editor, publisher or sellers.
Neither this book nor any part of it may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, microfilming and recording or by any information
storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the copyright holder.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are
used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
Only the publishers can export this book from India. Infringement of this condition of sale will lead to
civil and criminal prosecution.
First Edition: 2008
Printed in India
Published by

C P Brown Academy
The Alpha Foundation
Flat # 104, Nirmal Towers,
Megacity # 200, Dwarakapuri Colony,
Punjagutta, Hyderabad - 500 082, India.
Website: www.alphacharities.org, www.cpbrownacademy.org
Printed at:
M/s. ICIT Software Centre Private Ltd.
1, Technocrat Industrial Estate
Balanagar Cross Roads
Hyderabad-500 037, India.

Preface
This is the fourth module in the series that is being brought out by CP Brown
Academy to facilitate self-learning of Telugu reading and writing through
- taught how to identify
Roman script. The first module in the series, Varnamala,
.
- was about Telugu
and write Telugu alphabet. The second module, Sabdamala,
words. In the third module, Vakyanirmanamu,
framing of sentences using the
.
learnt words was discussed. Now, we are confronted with the most difficult
challenge that of the practice of talking in Telugu. So, let us practice it, for
nothing can ever be learned except by practice.
This module provides you with the basic approach and premise to converse in
Telugu. It provides you a template, around which you can weave your dialogue
that best suits the different contexts talking to people from within the family,
neighborhood, and perhaps, ultimately, from the society at large.
Learning is after all a personal experience. It can only be realised by ones own
effort by ones own practice. What this module can, at best, do is to provide
you with the rudimentary nuances and etiquettes associated with the usage of
language for maintaining beauty and grace in conversation.
Practicing conversation in Telugu, or for that matter in any language, essentially
calls for discipline. It calls for regular practice till at least the going gets good.
But beware that we, the modern men, as Erich Fromm said, are little selfdisciplined outside of the sphere of work.
Fear of making a joke of oneself by talking disjointedly is one syndrome that is
more likely to make a learner of any language give it up half the way. That is
where patience and perseverance become the deciding factors of learning.
Imagine the joy that one gets in communicating with ones kith and kin in a
language that is innate to them visualize the sense of belongingness that such
communication engenders. It would be a sheer delight to practice a language
that has most of its words ending in the sound oo, giving it a very sing-song like
sound.
It is our earnest hope that the series would facilitate easy learning of Telugu on
ones own. However, we solicit feedback on all these modules so as to make
them more user-friendly and effective in enhancing ones ability to communicate
in Telugu.
GRK Murty

Transliteration Scheme of Telugu Alphabet


Vowels (JK: Acculu)

.ru

.ru

.lu

.lu

JO

o
o
au
am.
Consonants (: Hallulu)

ah.

ai

VV

kh

gh

ch

jh

&
~

t.

th
.

d.

dh
.

n.

th

dh

ph

bh

l.

s.

ksh

r.

- telugulo- matladukundam
.
.

`Q =\_ O^O
Let us speak in Telugu

-' - - endukalidina
e- desamegina
.
- evvaremanina
e- pithamekkina
.
- bharatini
- ni- talli bhumi
pogadara
.
- nilupara- ni jati
nindu
. gauravamu.

U ^" y< ZO^He_<


U ~" H< Z=~=x<
Q_~ h `e q ~ux
x~ h *u xO_ Q~==
This is a very popular Telugu song written by Rayaprolu
Subba- Rao
a famous poet of the 20th century. It says : Wherever you go and whatever position
you occupy, sing the praises of your glorious motherland and keep its flag flying aloft.

munduga- oka mata


.

=O^Q XH =@
A word in advance

- udyogam
- unnappudu akkada
- janmabhumiki
caduvu kosamo,
kosamo
duranga
.
.
- - a- bhasa
- - - - ala- mana matrubhasanu
- manam matladali.
e- bhasa
matladutaro
.
.
.
.
. .
. .
upayogincadam
taggipotundi.
.

K^ = H" , L^QO H" [# qH ^~OQ L#_ JH_ U + =\_ `~


P + =#O =\_e. J =# =`$+# L yOK_O `y `Ok.
When one proceeds to other lands, where one's mother tongue is not spoken, for
studies or for employment, willy nilly, one has to use the other languages to make
oneself understood. Occasions for the use of the mother tongue may become fewer.
- telugu kutumbalu
- enta anandam!
- kani
kalisinappudu
telugulo- matladukunte
.
.
.
.
.
- cadavandi,
anduku i pustakam upayogapadalani
ma- si. pi. braun akadami
abhilasa.
.
.
.
.
mi pillalato- cadivincandi.
.

Hx `Q @O He#_ `Q =\_ O> ZO` P#O^O! JO^


D H O L Q_ x = . . < JH_g Ja+. K^= O_, g
`
KkqOKO_.
How wonderful would it be for the Telugu families to converse in Telugu when they
meet other Telugu speaking families on social occasions! C.P. Brown Academy,
Hyderabad, hopes and wishes that this book would be useful for such purposes. Read
this and get your children to read it.
- varnamalavarnamala
- vark
- idi ma- lerning kitlo
mudu
.
.
.
.
. nalgava pustakam. modati
.
- nitya
'
buk, sabdamala,
vakyanirmanamu
miru cadive- untaru.
i pustakamulo
.
.
- - e- vidhamga- matladutuntamo,
- - cinna cinna
- sandarbhalalo
- jivitamulo- edurayye- aneka
.
.
.
- - ivvadam jarigindi. telugulo- matladadaniki
sambhasanala
rupamlo
idi miku
. . .
.
.
.
upayogapadavaccu.
prayatnincandi.
.
.

Wk = iOQ H\
<= H O . "^\ =_ '=~= '=~= =~|H, '|= ,
'"Hx~}= g~ Kk" LO\~. D HO x` rq`O Z^~ J<H
O^~ U q^O Q =\_ `O\", z# z# O+} ~O W=_O [iyOk.
`Q =\__ xH Wk g L Q_ = K, uOKO_.
This book is the 4th in our learning kit series. We presume that you might have read the
'
first three booksVarnamalaworkbook
on Varnamala,
Sabdamala
and
.
.
Vakyanirmanamu.
It provides you with different model sentences that are useful in day.
to-day life in the form of short dialogues. If practised regularly, you will be fluent in Telugu.

mana illumana kutumbambandhuvulu


.

=# W =# @O|O |O^=
Our homeour familyrelatives

- evarevaru untaro
- - miku
- -a intlo
mana andariki oka illu untundi
kada!
telusu.
.
.
.

=# JO^iH XH W LO@Ok H^! P WO\ Z=~=~ LO\~ g `.


We all have our homes, don't we? And you know who reside in them.
- akka undoccu, celli undoccu.
amma, nanna
untaru,
.
.
.

J=, <# LO\~, JH LO_K, Ke LO_K.


There will be mother and father.
There may be an elder sister or younger sister.
- - undoccu.
annayya, tammudu
. kuda
.
.

J#, `=_ _ LO_K.


There may be Annayya (elder brother) and Tammudu
. (younger brother), too.

- vallanta
- snehitulu.
- - mandi intiki vastu- potuntaru.
- mana cuttalu,
inka- cala
..
..
.
.

WOH K =Ok WO\H = `O\~. "O` =# K\, `.


In addition, many people visit our house. They are all our relatives and friends.
- - nanna
valla
.. amma, nanna manaku nanamma, tatayya avutaru.

<# " J=, << =# <#=, `` J=`~.


Our fathers mother is nanamma
(grandma), and his father is tatayya
(grandpa)
- amma,
- - manaku ammamma, tatayya
- nanna
amma valla
avutaru.
..

J= " J=, << =# J==, `` J=`~.


Likewise, our mothers mother is Ammamma (granny or grandmother) for us, and
her father is tatayya
(maternal grandpa).
- cinnanna
nannaku
annayya ayite- peddananna,
tammudaite
avutaru.
.
- - pilustaru.
- - ani kuda
cinnannanu
kondaru babai
.

<# J# J~` ^< #, `=_` z<# J=`~.


z<## HO^~ Jx _ ~ .
Our fathers elder brother is Peddananna
for us; and his younger brother is Chinnanna.
- He is also called babai.
- peddamma avutundi. babayi
- - bharya
- pinni avutundi.
peddananna
bharya

^< # ~ ^= J=`Ok. ~ ~ x J=`Ok.


- - wife is pinni.
The wife of peddananna
is peddamma, and babais
- celli unte- vallu
- manaku atta avutaru.
nannaku
akka,
.
..
vallanu
menattalu
antaru.
..
.

<# JH, Ke LO> " =# J` J=`~.


"# "#`
JO\~.
If our father has elder and younger sisters, we call them 'attalu'.
They are also known as menattalu.

atta bharta mamayya.

J` ~ ==.
The husband of atta(aunty) is mamayya.
- - peddamma avutundi. cellelu pinni avutundi.
amma valla
.
.. akka kuda

J= " JH _ ^= J=`Ok. K
x J=`Ok.
Mothers elder sister is also called peddamma. Her younger sister is known as pinni.
amma valla
. mamayyalu avutaru.
.. annayya, tammudu
vallanu
menamamalu
antaru
..
.

J= " J#, `=_ == J=`~.


"# "#== JO\~.
Mother's elder brother and younger brother are mamayyalu(uncles).
They are also
known as menamamalu.

- - atta avutundi.
- kuda
mamayya
bharya
.

== ~ _ J` J=`Ok.
The wife of mamayya
is also called atta(aunty).
- pedda tatayyalu,
- inka- mana tatayyalaku,
annayyalu unte
tammullu
. . unte
..
. vallanta
.
manaku cinna tatayyalu avutaru.

WOH =# `` J# LO> ^ `` , `= LO> "O` =#


z# `` J=`~.
If our tatayyalu
(grandfathers) have elder brothers they are called elder grandfathers;
and if they have younger brothers they are called younger tatayyalu
(grandfathers).
- - ammammaku, nanammaku
alage
akkalu, cellellu
.. unte
.
- manaku ammammalu, nanammalu
vallanta
avutaru
..

JQ J==, <#= JH, K


LO>
"O` =# J==, <#= J=`~.
So also, if ammamma (grandma) and nanamma
(granny) have elder sisters and younger
sisters, they are all ammammalu (grandmas) and nanammalu
(grannies)for us.

10

palakarimpu

1. HiO
Greeting

- sambhasanalo
- adige- modati prasna
- kalisinapudu valla
'
evaraina iddaru krottavallu
..
.
..
. .
.
.
- -- kada!
'mi peremiti?'
kalisinapudu
..
. ade adugutaru
. ani. miraina krottavallanu
.

Z=~# W^~ H` " He#_ " O+} J_Q "^\ 'g ~q\?
Jx. g~< H` "# He#_ J^ J_Q`~ H^ !
Whenever two strange people meet the first question they ask is, "What is your
name?" Even when you meet a stranger, you too will ask him the same question.
- - - cudandi.
ikkada
. .
. amala, sita ela matladukuntunnaro
.
. .

WH_ J=, ` Z =\_ O@<~ K_O_.


Look, how Amala and Sita are conversing :

11

- - vivekananda
- amala. nenu
- nalugava
amala : na- peru
vidyalayamlo
taragati caduvutunna.
- - ni peremiti?
.

J= : < ~ J=. <# q"H#O^ q^O <Q= `~Q u K^ =`<.


h ~q\?
Amala: I am Amala. I am studying in Standard IV in Vivekananda Vidyalayam. May
I know your name?
- sita.
sita : na- peru

` : < ~ `.
Sita : I am Sita.
- caduvutunnavu?
amala : em

J= : UO K^ =`<=?
Amala: What class are you studying in?
sita : mudava
taragati.
.

` : =_= `~Q u .
Sita : Standard III.
- caduvutunnavu?
amala : e- badilo
.

J= : U |_ K^ =`<=?
Amala : What is the name of your school?
- - pathasala.
- 'sita :'sarada- balika
.

` : ~^ eH ~ .
' - - - - - 'Sita : Sarada
Balika Pathasala.
.

- - - "ni peremiti?"
. ani evarinaina adigetappudu
. mundu mi peru ceppadam
. manci paddhati
. .

''h ~q\? Jx Z=i<< J_Q@_ =O^ g ~ K _O =Oz ^u .


It is courteous to tell the other person your name before asking his or her name.

12

- - - mi intiki
. sambhasana
. . mamuluga ila undoccu:
. evaraina vaccinappudu
.

1.2 g WO\H Z=~< =z#_ O+} ==Q ~ LO_K :


When someone comes to your house, the dialogue may be somewhat like this:
- - ranga : randi.
. mamayya! kurcondi.
.

~OQ : ~O_. == ! ~O_.

Ranga: Come mamayya


(uncle)! Please sit down.
- - ranga- !
mamayya
: bavunnava?

== : =<"? ~OQ !
mamayya
: How do you do, Ranga?
- - ranga : bavunnanandi,
. attayya raledem?

~OQ : =<#O_, J`
~^O ?
Ranga : Fine, uncle. How is it that Attayya has not come?

13

- -- mamayya : mi attayyaku intlo


. raledu. nuvvu baga caduvutunnava?
. pani undata,

== : g J`
WO\ x LO^@, ~^ . #= Q K^ =`<"?
Mamayya: You see, she has a lot of work at home. So, she could not come. How are
your studies going on?
- - fastu mamayya!
ranga : i nela parikshalo- nene
.

~OQ : D < sH
<< == !
Ranga : I stood first in the examinations held this month, mamayya!
- - - baga
- - caduvuko.
mamayya
: alaga, mancidi. alage

== : JQ, =Ozk. JQ Q K^ =H.


mamayya : Good! Keep it up.
ranga : sare- mamayya!

~OQ : ~ ==!
Ranga : Okay, mamayya!
- kanabadite- sambhasana
miru bayataku
vellinapudu
..
.
. . ila undoccu:
. telisinavallu
.
.
..

1.3 g~ @ "o#_ `e#" H#|_` O+} ~ LO_K :


When you go out and meet someone you know, the conversation may be
somewhat like this:
--- ramana:
. raja! ela unnavu? ninnu cusi cala rojulaindi.

~=} : ~*! Z L<=? x# K K ~AO k.


Ramana
. : Hello Raja! How do you do? It has been a long time since I last saw you.
- - : nuvvela- unnavu?
- raja
asalu ma- intivaipu
ravadam
ledem?
.
.

~* : #" L<=? J = WO\" ~=_O ^O ?


- - : How about you? How come you are not at all coming to our house?
Raja
- ninnu ikkada kalavadam naku
- cala
- - santosanga
- undi.
ramana : vilu kavadam
ledu.
.
.
.
.

~=} : g H=_O ^ . x# WH_ H=_O

< K O`+OQ LOk.

Ramana
. : Of late, I am a bit busy. I am really happy to meet you here.

14

mana samskruti
.

2. =# O $u
Our culture

- - evarini noppincakunda
vilainantavaraku- mancidi.
. matladadam
. . .

Z=ih < OK O_ =\__ O g~#O`=~ =Ozk.


Remember, it is good to speak without hurting anybody's feelings.
- - - itarulaku antarayam
- mana pani manam cesukovali.
kalagakunda
. cusukovali.

=# x =#O K H"e. W`~ JO`~O HQ O_ KH"e.


We should always mind our business and not disturb others.
- anumati adagali.
- - pani unte- maryadaga
edutivarito
.
.
.

Z^\"i` x LO> =~^Q J#=u J_Qe.


When we have any work with others, we should courteously ask for their permission.

15

ala namrataga- naducukovadame


manci paddhati.
.
.

J #=`Q #_KH=_" =Oz ^u .


That is the best policy.
- ~edaina- pani unte
. adi ceyandi,
. ani ajnapincagudadu.
. idi ceyandi
.

U^< x LO> Jk K O_, Wk K O_ Jx P*O KQ _^ .


If you have any work to be done, don't dectate to others, 'do this, do that'.
vilaite-

- - - ani adagadam baguntundi.


cestara?
.
.
.

g~` K~? Jx J_Q_ O QO@Ok.


The decent way to ask is : "Will you please do it?"
- leka
- daya unci, ani cepite- maryadaga
- untundi.
dayacesi,
.

'^ K , H '^ LOz, Jx K` =~^Q LO@Ok.


Or "Kindly do it".
-- - - ani,
- mata,
- miremi
- ekkuva upayogince
telugu sambhasanallo
anukokapote
.
. .

`Q O+} Z= L yOK =@, 'g~g J#HH ` Jx,


In Telugu conversations, one frequently used expression is, If you dont mind.
- - - emi anukokandi,
.
. marola bhavincakandi
. ani adagali

'Ug J#HHO _, '=~ qOKHO _ Jx J_Qe.


The variants are : Dont think otherwise; I hope you won't feel otherwise.
- paddhati.
peru
civara garu
ani cercadam
mana telugu vari
.

~ z=~ 'Q~ Jx K~ _O =# `Q "i ^u .


In Telugu culture, garu
is an honorific plural suffixed to a name. For instance,
- - itu randi.
Murti garu,
.
.

=iQ~, W@ ~O_.
- - please come here.
Murty garu,

16

- - - sitagaru, a kitiki
teravandi.
.
.

`Q ~, P H\H `~= O_.


- - if you don't mind please open that window a little.
Sita garu,
ila- peruku
civara garu
kaluputam.
varasalato- pilustu- ila- antam.
.

2.1 W ~ z=~ Q~ H`O. =~ ` W JO\O:


The garu suffix is also used for older relatives .
- - naku
- vadinagaru,
ti
. istara?

=k#Q~, < \ W~?

- - (honoured sister-in-law), will you please give me some tea?


Vadina garu,
- - - mamayyagaru,
mi kosam evaro- vaccaru.

==Q~, g HO Z=~ =K~.

- - (honoured father-in-law), someone has come for you.


Mamayya
garu
- - attayyagaru,
miru gudiki
velle
.
.. velaindi.
.

J`
Q~, g~ Q_H " "~ Ok.
- - (honoured mother-in-law), it is time for you to go to the temple.
Attayya garu
byanklo

2.2 OH
In the bank
- okasari
-- mi- kalam istara?
dayacesi

^ K XHi g HO W~?
Will you please give your pen for a moment?
- - - tisukondi.
alage
.

JQ fHO_.
Yes, you can take it.
idigondi
. mi kalam, na valla miku alasyamaindi.

WkQO_ g HO, < = g P=~Ok.


Here is your pen, please take it back. Sorry, you are delayed on my account.

17

-- paravaledu.
danikemundilendi.
.

~" ^ . ^xH=OkO_.
Never mind. What does it matter!
railu pettelo
..

2.3 ~ >
In the railway compartment
-- - - - naku
- - a- kitiki- koncem mustara?
- padadu.
miremi anukokapote
caligali
.
.

g~g J#HH` P H\H HOKO =~? < KeQe _^ .


If you don't mind, will you please close the window? I am susceptible to cold.
- alagenandi.
.

JQ#O_.
As you wish.
- kavalemo,
- - - - tisi
miku gali
uncana?

g Qe H"" ? f LOK<?
I don't know, if you want breeze; shall I keep the window open?
-parvaledandi,
. sarduku pogalanu.

~" ^O _, ~ Q#.
Never mind; I can adjust.
miru enta mancivaru!

g~ ZO` =Oz"~.
How nice you are!
ayyo!

- paravaledu.
- - - - em
-intamatranikena?

J! WO`=`xH<? UO ~" ^ .
This is such a simple thing. You should not take it as a favour.

18

- vastamani
- - - a- visayam vallaku
evarintikaina
ceppi vellalekapote
ceppadam
.
.
..
. maryada.
..

2.4 Z=iO\H< ==x K " H ` P q+ O " K _O =~^.


If we promise to visit somebodys house, and fail to do so, it will be courteous
to tell the reason.
ninna sayantram
mi intiki
vastanani
ceppanu.
.

x# O`O g WO\H =#x K#.


I promised to visit your house last evening.
- - ralekapoyanu.
- - -emi- anukokandi.
kani
.

Hh ~H #. Ug J#HHO_.
But I could not make it. Don't think otherwise.
- - paravaledu.
vilu kanappudu
. em cestam?

~" ^ . g H#_ UO KO?


Never mind. What can one do when something unforeseen happens?


- --emi- anukovaddani
- pujaku
rama intlo
i roju ralenu.
ceppandi.
.
.

~= WO\ [ D ~A ~#. Ug J#H=^x K O_.


I cannot attend the puja (worship) at Rama's house today. Please tell her not to take
it amiss.
- sarenandi.
. alage cebutanu.

~ #O_. JQ K|`#.
All right, I will tell her so.


19

manam evarinuncaina- sahayam


korutunnappudu
. .
. sambhasana
. . i vidhanga untundi:

2.5 =#O Z=i#OK< O H~ `#_ O+} D q^O Q LO@Ok:


When we seek help from anybody, the conversation will be somewhat like this:
- ni pustakam tisukuni samayaniki
ivvalekapoyanu.

h H O

fx =xH W=H #.

Sorry, I could not return your book on time.


- nuvvu sare- ante
adugutanu.
. o visayam
.
.

#= ~ JO> F q+ O J_Q`#.
If you don't mind, I would like to ask you one thing.
- kadantana
- -!
miru adigite
.
.

g~ J_y` H^O\< !
If you ask, can I say 'no'?
- - i- selavuciti
- istara?
- 'srama anukokapote,
. ma badilo
.

= J#HH`, D =p\ = |_ W~?


If it is not inconvenient to you, will you please give this leave letter in our school?
-- ayyo! 'srama -emiledu.
tappakunda
. istanu.

J! = Ug^ . ` O_ W#.
No inconvenience at all. I will definitely give it.

ilanti
.

- - vakyalanni
vinayanni
teliyajestayi.

WO\ "Hh q#x `e*~.


All such sentences denote modesty or propriety of conduct.

20

- pettinapudu krutajnatalu
~
evaraina- manaku o- pani cesi
teliyaceyadam
mana
..
.
.
.
- samskaranni
teliyajestundi.

Z=~< =# F x K \#_ H$`[` `eK _O =# O~x


`e*Ok.
When anybody does a favour to us in any manner, we express our gratitude.
That shows our refinement.
- atuvanti
cesukondi.
.
.
.
. samskaranni miru alavatu

J@=O\ O~x g~ J"@ K HO_


Cultivate such refined qualities.
- ekkada unna- emi
- - mi- mata
- tiru
- cesina
miru
miku gauravam tecci pedutundi.
.
.
.
'noru mancidaite uru mancidi autunda'ni telugulo oka sameta undi.

g~ ZH_ L< Uq K< g =@ f~ g Q~=O `z _`Ok.


'<~ =Oz^` T~ =Ozk B`O^x `Q XH "` LOk.
No matter where you are, and what you do, your polite manner of speaking brings
you appreciation. This idea is well brought out in a Telugu proverb, "Tame your
tongue and the town will be nice to you".

21

cinna cinna sambhasanalu


. .

3. z# z# O+}
Short dialogues

- - pedda pedda vakyalu


- - avasaram undadu.
- pratiroju
- - matalalo
sadharananga
matladukune
.
.
.
. .
- spastanga- ceppavaccu.
cinna cinna matalato
.
..

^~}OQ u~A =\_ < =@ ^ ^ "H J=~O LO_^ . z#


z# =@` +O Q K =K.
We do not use long sentences in day-to-day conversations. We express our ideas in
short and simple words.
-- - ani ceppavalasina
- - ani ni- snehitudu
- nito
- - -itaku vastava?
nato
itaku vastanu
. adigite
.
- ani cebite- calu.
- vastanu
- ranu
avasaram ledu.
leka

<` D` ="? Jx h `_ J_y` h` D` =# Jx K =#


J=~O ^ . =# H ~# Jx Ka` K.
If your friend asks you, "Will you come with me to swim", you need not say, "Yes, I will
come along with you for swimming". It is lengthy.
You can just say, "Yes" or "No".

22

- ilaidigo,

WkQ, W
Here are some examples:
- - : ninnati homvark
-' - gopal
cesava?
.

Q : x#\ "=~ K"?


- - : Did you do your yesterday's homework?
Gopal
sarala
. : ledu.

~ : ^ .
Sarala
. : No.
- - : repu
- parkuku
- gopal
veldama?
.

Q : ~ ~ "=?
- - : Shall we go to the park tomorrow?
Gopal
sarala:
. sare.

~ : ~ .
Sarala:
. Yes.
- - : ticar
- ceppaledenti?
- gopal
galipatam
.
. gurinci adigite
.

Q : \K~ Qe@O QiOz J_y` K ^O \?


- - : Why didnt you answer when the teacher asked you to tell something about
Gopal
a kite?
- sarala:
. baga gurtu ledu.

~ : Q Q~ ^ .
Sarala
. : I could not recollect the details.
- - : ninnati nunci adokala- unnavu.
gopal
emaindi
sarala?
.
.

Q : x#\ #Oz J^H L<=. U"O k ~ ?


- - : You have been looking rather dull since yesterday. What is the matter, Sarala?
Gopal

23

- - - gopal.
sarala
kadule
. : anta tivramaina visayam
.

~ : JO` f="# q+ O H^ Q.
- Sarala
. : Nothing serious, Gopal.
- - - : 'srinivas
- - - vadu
gopal
intiki
veldama?
. . cuddam.
.
.
. vayolin konukkunnadata,

Q : Nx" WO\H "=? "_ =e< H#<_@, K^O


- - - : Shall we go to 'Srinivas
Gopal
house? It seems he has bought a violin. Let us go and
see it .
- pada.
sarala
. : sare veldam
.

~ : ~ "O ^.
Sarala
. : Yes, let us go.
- - - - - utsahanga
- untunnadu
gopal : 'srinivas
i madhya cala
kadu?
.

Q : Nx" D =^ K L`OQ LO@<_ H^ ?


- - - : Of late, 'Srinivas
Gopal
looks very enthusiastic, you know.
sarala
. : nenantaga gamanincaledu.

~ : <#O`Q Q=xOK^ .
Sarala
. : I didn't notice him much.
- - ' - - - -?
gopal
: srinivas unnadandi
. .

Q : Nx" L<_O_ ?
- - - : Is 'Srinivas
Gopal
at home?

- amma : unnadu,
.
. randi
. kurcondi.

J= : L<_, ~O_ ~O_.


Mother : Yes. Come in and sit.

24

- - !
- - : adigo- 'srinivas
- gopal
vaccadu.
.
. are! vayolin kuda teccadu

Q : JkQ Nx" =K_ J~! =e< _ `K_!


- - - : Look, here comes 'Srinivas.
Gopal
Good, he has brought his violin, too .
- - cudadaniki
'srinivas
: naku
telusu. miru vayolin
vaccarani.
. .

Nx" : < `. g~ =e< K__xH =K~x.


' - - : I know, you have come to see my violin.
Srinivas

- - : okasari
- vayincara!
gopal

Q : XHi "~OK~!
- - : Play on it once!
Gopal
- sarala
. : a ... telisindi. idi mana prardhanagitam kada!

~ : P... `eOk. Wk =# ~< w`O H^!


Sarala
. : Ah! I know this is our prayer song, isn't it?

25

- 'srinivas
: avunu.

Nx" : J=#.
- Srinivas
: Yes.

- - -sarala
. : naku cupincava ela vayincalo !

~ : < KOK" Z "~OK!


Sarala
. : Please tell me how to play on it.
- - nercukuntanura.
- - : nenu
gopal
.

Q : <# <~ O\#~.


- - : I will also learn.
Gopal
- - edi?
- - ceppu.
- - ekkada ela- pattukovalo
sarala
.
.
..
. : nenu kuda,

~ : <# _. Un? ZH_ Z @H" K .


Sarala
. : I too. Show me how to hold the violin and the bow.
- - 'srinivas
: ala- radu.
mundu sangita svaralu nercukovali.

Nx" : J ~^. =O^ Ow` ~ <~ H"e.

' - - : You cannot play like that. We have to first learn the musical notes.
Srinivas

- - : emiti!
- padakapote
- - - rada?
gopal
. pata
.
.

Q : Uq\! @ _H ` ~^?
- - : What ! Cannt we learn it without knowing how to sing?
Gopal
- - 'srinivas
: patakadu;
svaralu.
.

Nx" : @H^ ~.

' - Srinivas
: Not the faculty of singing. You must know the notes of the musical scale.

- -sarala:
. alagaite sa, ri, ga, ma, pa, lu nercukovala?

~ : JQ` , i, Q, =, , <~ H"?


Sarala
. : You mean to say we need to learn Sa, Ri, Ga, Ma, Pa?

26

- 'srinivas
: avunu.

Nx" : J=#.

' - Srinivas
: Exactly.

- - - - - nercukovali?
sarala
.
. : kani manaku vilavutunda? e velalo

~ : Hx =# g=`O^? U "
<~ H"e?
Sarala
. : Is it possible? At what time should we learn it?
- - - - kada.
- alage.
- - : 'srinivas
gopal
nercukunnadu
.

Q : Nx" <~ <_ H^. JQ.


' - - - : As Srinivas
Gopal
has learnt it.

sarala
. : ayite

sare.

~ : J~` ~ .
Sarala
. : It is OK, then.
- - : nako
- - visayam telisindi sarala- !
gopal
.
.

Q : <H q+ O `eOk ~ !
- - : I have realised one thing, Sarala !
Gopal
sarala
ceppu.
. : emitadi?
.

~ : Uq@k? K .
Sarala
. : What is it?
- - : ante- naku
- mamayya
gopal
sontanga- teliyaledanuko
ceppadu.
.
.

Q : JO> < O`OQ `e^# H, == K_.


- Gopal : I did not know it myself, mamayya
(uncle) told me.
- sarala
. : abba ! asalu sangati ceppu babu.

~ : J ! J OQu K |.
Sarala
. : God! Come to the point.

27

- - edaina
- - : mana pani manam saraina samayamlo- cesina,
- kotta visayam
gopal
.
- untamata.
nercukunna- utsahanga
.
.

Q : =# x =#O ~ # =O K< , U^< H` q+ O <~ <


L`OQ LO\=@.
- - : When we finish our work on time, or learn a new thing we will be excited.
Gopal
- - Sarala
. : nijamenemo.

~ : x["<" .
Sarala
. : Maybe, true.
- - - undi.
- bhale- santosanga
i roju sangitam nercukovalani
anukuntunnanu
kada,
.
.

D ~A Ow`O <~ H"x J#O@<# H^,


O`+OQ LOk.
As I think of learning music today, I too feel very happy.
- - sadhana
- - : kani
- anukuntu- unte- caladu...
- gopal
nercukovali.
ceyali.
.
.

Q : Hx J#O@ LO> K^... <~ H"e. ^# K e.


- - : Just thinking is not enough. You must start learning, and practise studiously.
Gopal
- - - sarala
. cestanu. nuvvu custavuga.
. : tappakunda

~ : ` O_ K#. #= K=Q.
Sarala
. : I will definitely do it. You will see it.
- - custanu.
- - : mancidi. nenu
- gopal

Q : =Ozk. <# K#.


- - : Good. I will be watching your performance.
Gopal

28

- ~
ajnalu

4. P[

Commands

- - ajnapurvakanga
-~ - -~
- matladutam.
manam konni samayalalo
manam ajnaluga
.
~
bhavincakapoyina avi ajnavacaka vakyale.

=#O Hx = P* ~HOQ =\_ `O. =#O P[Q qOKH ~<


Jq P*"KH "H.
We sometimes speak with a certain amount of authority; or express commands. Though
they are not reckoned as serious commands, they are imperative in nature.
-~
ajnalu
:

P[

: Commands

- L^: Eg :
uda:
itura
.

W@~
Come here.

29

- vinu.
ceppedi

- varaku
i pani purtayye
maro- pani ceyaku.

Kk q#.

D x ~
=~
=~ x K .

Listen to what I say.


ikkade
.
. undu.

Until this work is completed, do not take


up any other work.

WH_ LO_.
Wait here only.

- - ceyyi.
ceppina vidhangane

ikkada
. agu

K # q^O Q<

K~.

Do as you are told.

WH_ PQ
Stop here.

a- kalam ivvu.

- matladaku
. .

P HO W=.
Give me that pen.

=\_

stesanku
velli
. tisukura.
. .
.. tikketlu
.

Do not talk.

+< "o \H @ f~.

idi tisuko-

Go to the station and get the tickets.

Wk fH

rajuni
rammani ceppu.

Take this.

~Ax ~=x

K .

- to come.
Ask Raju

adi ivvu

Jk W=

akkadaku
vellakandi.
..
.
.

Give it.

JH_

" HO_.

- undu.
jagrattaga
.

Dont go there.

*Q`Q LO_.

a- visayam
naku
ceppakandi.
.
.

Be careful.

P q+ O < K HO_.
Dont tell it to me.

- nemmadiga- matladu
. .

- -- mire- alocinci
oka nirnayam
tisukondi.
.
.

<=kQ

g~ PzOz XH x~
O fHO_.

=\_

Speak in low tones.

Think over for yourself and take a decision.

30

abhyardhanalu

5. J ~#

Requests or entreaties

- - andariki- kadu.
- kani
- ~- - kondariki ceppali.
manam ajnapurvakanga
anni samayallonu
- - koncem, mi- istam, okasari,
miru avasaranni
anusarinci pai vakyalaku
dayacesi,
..
- - ane- matalu
- - - avi abhyardhanalavutayi.
- - anukokapote,
emi
kalipi matladite
.
. .

=#O P* ~HOQ HO^iH Ke. Hx JO^iH H^. Jx =# g~


J=~x J#iOz "H '^ K , 'HOKO, 'g W+O , 'XHi, 'Ug
J#HH`, J< =@ He =\_` Jq J ~# =`~.
We can command some people. Not all. Depending upon the context and necessity,
if you add such words as 'kindly', 'a bit', 'please', 'once', 'if you don't mind' either as
prefix or suffix to the foregoing expressions given under the title "Commands'', they
become requests or entreaties.

31

- - - - matladetappudu
peddavallato
valana maryada
iccinatlu,
..
. . .
. civara andi
. kalapadam
.
.
- gauravanga adiginatlu
untundi.
pai
vakyalu
miru
ala
marci
palakandi,
enta
maryadaga
.
.
.
.- telustundi.
- mike
untundo
.

^" ` =\_@
_ z=~ 'JO_ H_O =# =~^ Wz#@, Q~=OQ
J_y#@ LO@Ok. "H g~ J =i HO_. ZO` =~^Q LO@O^
gH `O k.
When we speak to elders and respectable people, we must add "andi'' at the end of
the sentence to show our regard for them. Modify the commands mentioned earlier
by adding these words. You will know how polite and dignified they sound.
- a- pandu ila- ivvandi.
dayacesi
.
.

^ K P O_ W W=O_.
Kindly give me that fruit.
koncem ikkada
.
. agandi

HOKO WH_ PQO_.


Please wait a bit here.
- nemmadiga- matladandi.
- dayacesi
. . .

^ K <=kQ =\_O _.
Talk in low tones, please.
- - anukokunda
- - - emi
.
. a pani nenu ceppina vidhangane ceyandi.

Ug J#HO_ P x <# K # q^O Q<


If you dont mind, do that work as I said.
-koncem rajuni
rammani cebutara?

HOKO ~Ax ~=x K|`~?


Would you mind asking Raju to come over here?
- -a visayam naku
dayacesi
ceppakandi.
.
.

^ K P q+ O < K HO_.
For Gods sake, do not tell me that.

32

K O_.

- mi istam,
mire- oka nirnayam
tisukondi.
..
.

g W+O , g~ XH x~
O fHO_.
Take your own decision, it is left to you.
- - cebutanu
oka mata
vintava?
.
.

XH =@ K|`# qO\"?
Would you care to listen to what I say?
- naku
dayacesi
ti. ivvu.

^ K < \ W=.
Please give me some tea.
*
*

- - inati
badulu plij ane- inglishu padam vadatam
. .
.
. -telugulo dayacesi ane mataku
paripati. aindi.

D<\ `Q '^ K J< =@ |^ '* J< WOw+ ^O "_@O i\


J~Ok.
(Note: Nowadays, the English word 'please' is preferred to the Telugu word
dayacesi.)

33

'
prakatanaluprasnalu
.

6. H @
# -

Opinions questions

- - konni
- - mana abhiprayalu
- anaga- prakatistam.
konni visayalalo
vyaktaparustam.
.
.
-'
- - eduti
. varito cebutam. konni yathalapamga, anaga evarni uddesincakunda
.
. antam.
- - avutayi.
- prasnalaganu
'
ave- matalu
cinna marputo
.

Hx q+ =# Ja =H ~ O. J#Q H\
O. Hx Z^\
"i` K|`O. Hx ^OQ, J#Q Z=s L^t OK O_ JO\O. J" =@
z# =~` Q# J=`~.
When we give our opinion on some matters, it means we proclaim or reveal. We just
tell something to others. Sometimes we casually say something without aiming at a
particular person. The same statements with minor changes can be converted into
interrogative sentences.

34

prakatanalu
.

H @
#
Opinions
- - kasepatilo
. vanakurustundi.

H\
"#~O k.
It will rain shortly.
- - tagadam
kaphi
mancidikadu.
.

H `Q_O =OzkH^.
It is not good to drink coffee.
a- sinima- bagundadu.
.

P x= QO_^ .
That movie is not exciting.
- vastundi.
kamala repu

H= ~ =O k.
Kamala will come tomorrow.
- - ramani
. baga rastundi.

~=} Q ~O k.
Ramani
. writes well.
- - tadiste- jalubu cestundi.
vanalo
.

"# `_ [| K O k.
You will catch cold if you get drenched in rain.
'
prasnalu



Questions
- - kassepatilo
. vanakurustunda?

H\
"#~O ^?
Will it rain shortly?

35

- - - tagadam
kaphi
. mancidi kada?

H `Q_O

=Ozk H^?

Is it not good to drink coffee?


a- sinima- bagundada?
.

P x= QO_^?
Is not that movie exciting?
- - tadiste- jalubu cestunda?
vanalo
.

"# `_ [| K O ^?
Will it cause cold if drenched to the skin?
- prakatanalu, cinna marputo
pai abhipraya
.

- - marayi.
'
prasnaluga

Ja H@
#, z# =~` Q =~~.
Thus the affirmative statements mentioned earlier have become questions with
some minor alterations.
- - - - - '
matladetappudu
. manam palike tirulone prasna dhvanistundi.
. . .

=\_@
_ =#O eH f~< ^ xO k.
In speech, the question is expressed by means of intonation.
- - rasinappudu
- ' ' prasnardhaka
vakyalu
. civara prasnardhakam "?" cercali.

~H "H ~#_ z=~ ~H O ''? K~e.


The interrogative sentences when written carry a quetion mark at the end.

36

- matladagalava?
. .

7. =\_Q
"?
Can you speak?

- upayogistu
- - galagala matladandi,
- miru nercukunnavanni
. . . naku vinalani undi.
- galagala- matladalante
- - miru
- - avemitante
- - - - inka- - konni sahayaka
- nercukovali.
kani
padalu
. .
.
. .

g~ <~ #=h L y QQ =\_O _, < q<x LOk.


Hh g~ QQ =\_O> WOH Hx H ^ <~ H"e.
J"q@O>
I would like to hear when you speak fluently using what you have learnt.
But to speak fluently you need to learn some more helping words or auxiliary verbs.
- galanu, vaccu, kani,
endukante,
. anduvalanaivanni miru nercukunnave

'Q#, '=K, 'Hx, 'ZO^HO>, 'JO^=#W=h g~ <~ #"


You have already learnt about words like can, may, but, because, thereby..

37

ayina-

- ipudu
cudandi.
. .
.
. matladi

J~< W_ =\_ K_O_.


However, you try to speak now.
- - - - - telusukundama?
i padalanu
upayoginci
ela- matladalo
. .

D ^# L yOz Z =\_ `O^=?


Let us know how to speak using these words:
sita- ! nuvvu mamidi
. kaya tinagalava?

` ! #= =q_ H u#Q"?

Sita ! Can you eat a mango?


- - tinalenu.
- tinagalanu. purtiga
sagam matrame

QO =`" u#Q#. iQ u##.


I can only eat half of it. I cannot eat the entire fruit
ikkada
. tinu ane kriya taruvata 'galanu' ane padam kalipite adi
- - asaktatanu
'
'saktini teliyajestundi.
'lenu'
ane- padam ceriste
teliyajestundi.

WH_ u# J< H `~ "` 'Q# J< ^O He` Jk


Hx `e* O k. '# J< ^O Ki JH` # `e* O k.
The auxiliary verb 'can' indicates ability or capacity; and 'cannot' indicates inability
or incapacity (a negative aspect).
- lalita- ! prarthanagitam
padagalava?
.

e`! ~< w`O

_Q
"?

Lalita! Can you sing the prayer song?


- ippudu
. padalenu.
.

W_ _# .
I cannot sing now.
- - adagalava?
ramu!
nivu haki
.

~=! h= H P_Q
"?

Ramu!
Can you play hockey?
- matrame
- -adagalanu. haki
- - -adalenu.
nenu
futbal
.
.
.

<# \ =`" P_Q


#. H P_# .
I can only play football, not hockey.

38

- sayantram
lata!
ma- intiki
.

ragalava?

`! O`O = WO\H ~Q"?


Lata- ! Can you come to our house this evening?
-sayantram
ralenu.
somavaram
ragalanu.

O`O ~#. ="~O

~Q#.

I cannot come this evening. I can come on Monday.


- vastanu
- - ani adigite,
ma- intiki
vastava?
ani cebutam.
.
.
- - - - ranu
vilukakapote
ani cebutam.

= WO\H ="? Jx J_y`, '=# Jx K|`O.


gHH` '~# Jx K|`O.
When someone asks, Will you come to our house? you say I will.
If it is not possible, you say, ''I will not''.
'vaccu'

'=K
(To know well, good at, happen, occur)
It is used with the auxiliary signifying permission, possibility or probability.
- vidhaluga
- - upayogincukovaccu.
'vaccu' ane- padanni
mudu
.

'=K J< ^x =_ q^Q L yOKH=K.


The word vaccu can be used in three ways :
1
2
3

- mana 'saktini teliyajeyadaniki


.
auno kado anumanamga- unnappudu
.
anumati adagadaniki.
.
.

1. =# Hx `e* _xH
2. B< H^ J#=#OQ L#_
3. J#=u J_Q_ xH.
1.
2.
3.

To express our ability or capacity


When in doubt yes or no.
To seek permission.

39

samardhyam teluputaku
.
naku lekkalu bagavaccu.

=~ O `@ To express competence

< H Q=K.
I am good at mathematics.
niku vaccunu kabatti
. . ila cebutavu.

h =K# H|\ W K|`=.


You say that, since you know well.

- - vaccu.
naku
bommalu veyadam
kuda
.
.

< = " _O _ =K.


I also know how to draw pictures.
- ani adigiteniku telugu cadavadam
vaccuna?
.
.
- - vaccu, ani cebutavu.
o- ! naku
telugu cadavadam
baga
.

h `Q K^= _O =K<? Jx J_y`


'F ! < `Q K^= _O Q =K, Jx K|`=.
When asked, "Do you know how to read Telugu'',
you say, ''O, I know very well how to read Telugu".

40

khaccitamga ceppalenappudu
When in doubt
.
- anumanam
- ravaccu,
sayantram
vana
ane- vakyamlo
undi. khaccitamga- ceppalemu.

Yz`OQ K #_

O`O "# ~=K, J< "HO J#=#O LOk. Yz`OQ K =.


In a sentence like, It may rain in the evening; there is an element of doubt. We
cannot definitely say.
sumati repu
vastundi. ante
. khaccitamga vastundani miku telusu.

=u ~ =O k. JO> Yz`OQ =O ^x g `.
Sumati will come tomorrow. It means you know for certain that she will come
tomorrow.
- unnappudu ravaccu
sumati repu
ravaccu.
miku anumananga
ani cebutaru.
.

=u ~ ~=K. g J#=#OQ L#_ ~=K Jx K|`~.


Sumati may come tomorrow. You say that when you are not sure of her arrival.
i pani eppudu
. purti avutundi?

D x Z_ i J=`Ok?
When will this work be completed?
repatiki
. i pani purti kavaccu. ante
. kavaccu, kakapovaccu.

~ \H D x i H=K. JO> H=K, HH=K.


It may be completed by tomorrow. It means it may or may not be completed.
rajani ippudu
. intlo
.

untunda?
.

~[x W_ WO\ LO@O^?


Will Rajani be now at her house?
- intlone
.

undavaccu.
.

WO\< LO_=K.
Maybe, she is.
- - - - - nito
- - nenu
sayantram
tvaraga- vastava?
matladali.
. .

O`O `~Q ="? <# h` =\_e.


Will you come early in the evening? I have to talk to you.
sayantram
naku
alasyam
kavaccu.

O`O < PO H=K.


I may be delayed in the evening.

41

- kalusukundam.
Lakshmi pellilo
..

H o HO^O.
We shall meet at Lakshmis wedding.
nenu
lakshmi pelliki
..

rakapovaccu.

<# H oH ~H=K.
I may not come for Lakshmis wedding.
- - unna cinna teda
- - telustondi
galanu, vaccu ane- padalalo
kada.
.

'Q#, '=K J< ^ L# z# `_ `Ok H^.


You must be knowing the little difference in the use of galanu and vaccu (can
and may).
- - khaccitamga- mi- nirnayanni
ragalanu
- anemata
teliyaparustundi.
.
.

'~Q# J<=@ Yz`OQ

g x~
x `e~ Ok.

Can come indicates a decisive reply.


- ravaccu,
- ravaccu
- ane- mata
rakapovaccu
ane- anumananni
teliyajestundi.
.

'~=K J< =@ ~=K, ~H=K J< J#=<x `e* Ok.


The word Ravaccu
(likely to come) indicates doubtmay come or may not come.
- - - ralenandi
-alage,
. ani cepparanukondi.
. miru khaccitamga raru ane artham vastundi

JQ, '~#O_ Jx K~#HO_. g~ Yz`OQ ~~ J< J~O =Ok.


Similarly, if you say cannot come, you are sure you are not coming.
- rakapovaccu
ante
. prayatniste ragalanu ane artham teliyajestundi.

'~H=K JO> u ~Q# J< J~O `e* Ok.


The term Rakapovaccu
indicates I can come if I try. (or I may not come.)
- - i- vaccu ane- padam upayogistam.
- anumati adagadaniki
kuda
.
.
.

J#=u J_Q_ xH _ D '=K J< ^O L yO.


This word vaccu (may) can also be used to seek permission.

42

sabhyata

` Etiquette

- - memu
- ani khaccitamga- ceppadaniki,
memu
vastunnam
ravaccuna?
.
- - teda
- - adagadaniki
- - undi.
ani maryadaga
cala
.
.

"= =<O Jx Yz`OQ K _xH, "= ~=K<?


Jx =~^Q J_Q_ xH K `_ LOk.
There is a lot of difference between saying definitely We are coming and politely
asking May we come?
- elaikkada
.
. raju teliphonulo

- - - vinandi.
matladutunnado
.
.
. .

WH_ ~A >e# Z =\_ `<_ q#O_.


Now hear Rajus
telephonic conversation.
halo!

!
Hello!
- ramananu pilustara?
- halo- dayacesi
.

, ^ K ~=}#

~?

Hello, will you please call Ramana?


.
mirevaro- telusukovaccuna?

g~=~ `H=K<?
May I know who is calling?
- nandi,
- raju
nenu
ramana
. mitrudini.
.

<# ~A #O_, ~=} q`_x.


- a friend of Ramana.
I am Raju;
.
- - lainulo- undandi pilustanu.
alaga!
. .

JQ! # LO_O_ #.
I see! please hold the line.

43

- - alagenandi
. ! dhanyavadalu.

JQ#O_ ! ^# "^.
OK ! Thanks.
- - (ilanti
thanks
ane- inglishu
. sandarbhalalo dhanyavadalu teliyajeyadaniki
. padam
.
upayogincadam
manaku alavataindi).
.
.

(WO\ O^~ ^#"^ `e*_xH '^OH J< WOw+ ^O


L yOK_O =# J"@~Ok).
(In such contexts we are accustomed to using the English word thanks as a substitute for Dhanyavadamulu.)
- - !
halo- raju

~E !

Hello- Raju!
- - halo- ramana,
raledem?
.
. ninna badiki

~=}, x# |_H ~^O ?

Hello Ramana,
. why didnt you come to school yesterday?
jvaram vaccindira- !

[~O =zOk~ !
I had fever !
- mi- intiki
- - roju
neni
.

ravaccuna?

<h ~A g WO\H ~=K<?


May I come to your house today?
- - - o- ! tappakunda
.
. ra. ni kosam eduru custuntanu.

F ! ` O_ ~. h HO Z^~ KO \#.
Yes, definitely; I will be waiting for you.
sare.

~.
OK.

44

railve- stesan
daggara
. .

8. ~ +< ^Q~

Near the railway station

- -'
- - leka
- railu stesanlono
- - digutaru.
vimanasryamlono,
. .
- - - - untundi.
mi kosam
evaraina- vaste- anta- bagane
.
-- kada!
- - mire
- appudu
- - kalasi vari
- intiki veltaru.
varito
rakapote
vellali
.
.
.
..

q=< O<, H ~ +< < kQ`~.


g HO Z=~< = JO` Q< LO@Ok.
"i` H "i WO\H "~ . ~H` g~ "e H^! J_:
When you alight from an aeroplane or a train, if someone comes to receive you, it
will be nice. You can go along with him to his home. Otherwise, you have to manage on your own. Then :
- -!
taksi

\H !
- -!
Taxi

45

ekkadiki
vellali?
..
.

ZH_H "e?
Where do you want to go?
- - somajiguda.
.

=lQ_.

Somajiguda.
.
mitaru
mida iravai ivvali.
.

g@~ g^ W~" W"e.


You have to pay Rs. 20 extra over the metrecharge.
- enduku iravai rupayalu
ekkuvivvali?

ZO^ W~" ~ Zq"e?


Why should I pay Rs. 20/- extra?
- - ledu.
- baga
dari

^i Q ^ .
The road is damaged.
- mari- ekkuvunte- inkolagej
.

iravai ivvali.

Q* =s Z=O> WOH W~" W"e.


If you have more luggage, you have to pay Rs. 20/- more.
- inkovaddule,

- - - veltanu.
taksilo
.

=^
, WOH \H "#.
No. I will engage another taxi.
-randi
. randi...
. varu ala ante
. ela
. milanti

- babu?

~O_ ~O_... gO\ "~ J JO> Z |?


Come sir, come....If people like you say like that how can we manage?
- cusi
- - ikkadi vallame.
- kotta mukhalu
- intinta adagala
--?
memu
..
.
.

"= WH_ "". H` =M K WOuO` J_Q ?


We belong to this place. Seeing new faces, you shouldnt ask for more.

46

idigo- inti.

nambaru. ikkada
. apu.

WkQ WO\ #O|~. WH_ P.


Here is the House Number. Stop here.
-' - vaccesam.
are- ! dati
venakku tippu.
.

J~! ^\ =KO.

"# u.

My goodness ! We have crossed the house. Turn back.


ikkada
. venakku tiragakudadandi
.
. ! avatali sandulonci veldam.
.

WH_ "# u~Q _^O _ ! J=`e O^Oz "O.


Sir, we cannot turn back here! We have to go from the next lane.
sare- pada.

~ ^.
OK. Proceed.
- - rangu meda
a- ! adigo- a- gulabi
. daggara apu.

P ! JkQ P Qc ~OQ "_ ^Q~ P.


Stop at that pink building.
- - - ! idigo- ni- kirayi.
samanu
dincava

=# kOK"! WkQ h H~~.


Have you put down the luggage? Take your fare.
idigondi
. cillara.

WkQO_ z~.
Please take this change.
-paravaledu.
uncuko.

~" ^ . LOKH.
It doesnt matter. Keep it.

47

bandhuvulato-

9. |O^ =`
With relatives

- manaku bandhuvulaina,
- mana -atmiyatanu,
- vallu
- snehitulaina
intiki
..
. vellaka,
..
- - telipe- vidhamga- matladali.
- - - - manaku unna anubandhanni
vallato
. .
..

WO\H "H, " =# |O^ =< , `< =# Pf`#,


"` =# L# J#|O^h `e q^O Q =\_e.
After reaching home, we must talk to them with love and affection whether they are
relatives or friends, and move informally.
- - -' - - ramana!
- - - - kanabadaleda?
atta : vaccesava
vaccaruga
. .
.
. mi mamayya ni kosam stesanku

J`

: =K" ~=} ! g == h HO +< =K~Q H#|_^ ?

Atta (aunty) : How nice you have come, Ramana!


. Your mamayya (uncle) went to
the station to receive you. Didnt you see him?
- - - - matladukunna.
ramana:
vacci taksi
.
. .
. ledatta ! nenu sarasari bayataku

~=} : ^` ! <# ~i @ =z \H =\_ <.


Ramana
. : No, Atta (auntie)! I straight away came out and engaged a taxi.
- - nilabadi
- viparitamayina
selavulu kada!
janam. kasepu
.
mamayya kosam cudadanike
vilu kaledu.
. .

= H^! qs`" # [#O. H x|_


== HO K__xH g H^ .
Holidays, you know! There was heavy rush of passengers. I could not wait and look
for mamayya.
- kadukkunira.
- - - ivigo- mancinillu.
atta : kallu
..
.
. . kaphi ivvana, ti. ivvana?

J` : H H_ x~. WqQ =Ozh. H W=<, \ W=<?


Atta : Have a wash. Here is drinking water. Would you like coffee or tea?

48

- - -ramana
. : mamayya rani atta, pillaleri?

~=} : == ~h J`,
s ?

Ramana:
. Let mamayya come, Atta. Where are the children?
atta: adigo- a- mula
nilabadi
. tongi tongi custunnaru.

J`

: JkQ P = x|_ `Oy `Oy K< ~.

Atta : Look there. They are peeping from that corner.


ramana
. : eai

- itura- ! nenu
cinna,
bavanira.
.

~=} : U z<, W@~ ! <# =x~.


Ramana
. : Hey Cinna, come here. I am your Bava (brotherinlaw).
- -- - - ledu.
abbo- papanu
nenu
cudane
ni peremiti
.
. cinni? da...da..

J # <# K_< ^ . h ~q\ zh? ^...^..


O, I didnt notice papa (baby). What is your name, Cinni? Come..., Come....

49

- rajesvari;
- -'
- - ani pilustunnam
- ramana.
atta : dani
peru
raji
.

J` : ^x ~ ~* i ~r Jx < O ~=}.
- -'
- Ramana.
Atta : Her name is Rajeswari.
But we call her Raji,
.
- ramana:
. ippudu
. peru bavundatta. mi tammudu
. e klasatta?
- - kada?:
idivaraku selavulaku mi intiki
. vaccevadu
.

~=} : ~ =O^`. g `=_ W_ U H` ?


Wk=~ = g WO\H =K"_ H^?:
Ramana
. : The name is very good, Atta. In what standard is your brother studying?
Earlier he used to come to your house during the holidays, is that not so?
- - suryam.
atta : vada?
ippudu
. tommido taragati caduvutunnadu.
.
.

J`

: "_? ~O. W_ `q^ `~Q u K^ =`<_.

Attha : Oh, that boy Suryam.


Now he is in the 9th standard.
ramana:
ayite.

- - nakanna
- peddvadanukunta?
na- klase!
.
.

~=} : J~` < H ! <H< ^" _#O\?


Ramana
. : That means we both are in the same standard. I think he is older than I am.
- - kani,
-' - ballo- vesaru.
atta : peddavade
alasyanga
..
.

J` : ^" _ Hx, POQ | "~.


Atta: Yes, older. But he was admitted to school very late.
- - - vastunnadule.
nuvvostunnavani
telisi vadu
.
.

#"< =x

`e "_ =< _.

Coming to know of your visit, he is coming here.


- - -' ramana
. : a ! nijangana? bhale bhale. adigo mamayya vaccesaru.

~=} : P ! x[OQ<?

. JkQ == =K~.
Ramana
. : Is it so ! Hurrah for Suryam. Very good. Look, mamayya has come back.

50

- - - ramana- ! ni- kosam


- platform
mamayya:
emra
ippativaraku
anta- tiriganu.
.
.
- - telisinda?
ela- vaccavu?
illu teligga

== : UO~ ~=} ! h HO W\=~ \ ~O JO` uiQ#.


Z =K=? W `eQ `eO^?
Mamayya
: Hello Ramana
. ! I virtually rummaged the entire platform looking for you.
How did you come? Could you locate the house easily?
-' ramana. : anta mandilo- kanabadarani
vaccesanu.
.
- 'sramapadi antaduram
miru nakosam
vaccaru.
.
nenakkade
tappayindi.
. undavalasindi.
.

~=}: JO` =Ok H#|_~x =K#.


g~ <HO =_ JO`^ ~O =K~.
<#H_ LO_=Ok. ` ~Ok.
Ramana
. : Thinking that it would be difficult to spot you in that rush, I came by a taxi car.
You have taken the trouble of going to the station all the way for me.
I made a mistake. I should have stayed there itself.
-- - isari
mamayya
: parvaledu.
vaccinappudu
.
nuvvu digina kampartumentu
.
. daggare undu.
.

== : ~" ^ . Di =z#_
#= ky# HO~" O@ ^Q~ LO_.
Mamayya
: It doesnt matter. When you come next time, stand near your compartment after alighting.
- vaccadu
- cudu.
- - atta : adigo- ramana,
.
.
.
. suryanni adigavuga;
J` : JkQ ~=}, ~x J_Q=Q; =K_ K_.
Atta : Ramana,
. you have asked for Suryam; and there he is!
- - - bavunnava?
- ramana:
. ra suryam ippude
.
. ni gurinci adugutunna.

~=} : ~, ~O. W_ h QiOz J_Q`<. =<"?


Ramana
. : Hello Suryam, come on. We were just talking about you. How do you do?

51

suryam : a ! bavunnanu.

~O : P ! =<#.
Suryam
: Fine !

- - ramana
: ikkadikostunte
.
. naku nuvvu baga gurtoccavu.
.
- - mi- uru
- emaina
- nuvvu ravadam
kani
ravalante
..
. kastamayyedi.
. bavundi.

~=} : WH_HO > < #= Q Q~K=.


Hh g T~ ~"O> H+= k. U"< #= ~=_O =Ok.
Ramana
. : When I was coming here, I remembered you very much.
It would be difficult for me to come to your village. Whatever it is, your visit is quite
welcome, and most enjoyable.
-' suryam
: nuvvostunnavani
telisindi. vaccesanu.
- - veldama?
- - - ala- totaloki
sare- gani
.
.

~O : #"< =x `eOk. =K#.


~ Qh J `@H "=?
Suryam : I came to know of your visit.

So I rushed off. That is all right. Shall we go into the garden?


ramana
. : pada pada!

~=} : ^ ^!
Ramana
. : Let us go; don't tarry!
- - - vaccadu?
-atta : ippudegadara
appude
vellala!
.
.
. totaloki
..
.

J` : W_Q^ ~

=K_? J_ `@H "!

Atta : He has come just now! What is the hurry to go to the garden?
- koncem tini vellandi.
emaina
.. .

U"< HOKO ux " O_.


Eat something and go.
- ramana
. vastamatta. ra suryam.
. : ippude

~=} :

W_ ==`.

~ ~O.

Ramana
. : We will be back soon, atta. Come along, Suryam.

52

hotalku
vellinappudu
.
..
.

10. @ "o#_
When you go to a hotel

- - kavalandi?
sarvar : em
.

~~ : UO H"O_?
Server : What do you want, Sir?
- : -emunnayi?
balu

: U=<~?

- : What is available to eat?


Balu
-'
sarvar : idli,
. vada,
. dosa, upma, puri.

~~ : W_, =_, ^, L, i.
-'
- Server : Idli,
. Dosa, Upma, Puri.
. Vada,
- - unda?
- : idli- vediga
balu
.
.

: W_ "_Q LO^?
- : Is idli- hot?
Balu
.

53

- - undi.
sarvar : ledu.
vada
. vediga
.

~~ : ^ . =_ "_Q LOk.
Server : No. Vada
. is hot
- : ayite- okka pletu
- vada, rendu dosalu
-'
balu
tisukura.
.
.
.

: J~` XH @ =_, ~ O_ ^ f~.


- : In that case, bring one plate Vada and Dosa
-' two plates.
Balu
.
-'
sarvar : dosalu
koncem -alasyamavutundandi.
.

~~ : ^ HOKO P==`O^O_.
-' will take some time, Sir.
Server : Dosa

- : anduke- vada mundu tisukura!


balu
.

: JO^H =_ =O^ f~!


- : That is why bring Vada first!
Balu
.
anand
: udayam vadina intlo
.

- cesindira!
vadale
.

P#O^ : L^ O =k# WO\ =_ KO k~!

Anand : Vadina (sisterinlaw) prepared Vadas


. this morning.
- - : mari puri
- balu
tindama?

: =i s uO^=?
- : In that case shall we eat puri?
Balu
- - - anand
: ikkada
.
. upma cala bavuntundi.

P#O^ : WH_ L K =O@Ok.


Anand : Upma- is very tasty here.
-- - : sare- rendu upma tisukura.
balu
.

: ~ ~ O_ L f~.
- : OK then, bring two plates of upma.
Balu

54

- postaphiski
vellinappudu
..
.

11. H "o#_

When you go to the post office

- - - - ante- tapala
- miru konnisarlu
postu
vastundi. postaphisu
. aphisuki vellavalasi
..
.
.
-- - karyalayam.
akkada
. nunci mana uttaralu batvada
. pampistamu
. . avutayi. mani ardar

g~ Hx~ P H " = =O k. JO> ` H~O.


JH_ #Oz =# L`~ |\_ J=`~. =h P~~ O=.
Sometimes you may have to go to a post office. Post office is a place to arrange for
transport and delivery of letters, money orders etc.
- anand
: emandi
rendu
. inland.
.
. nalugu kardulu,

- kavarlu kavali.

P#O^ : U=O_ <Q H~


, ~ O_ W<O_ H=~ H"e.

Anand : Hello, please give me four postcards and two Inland letters.

55

gumasta- : ivigo-

Q= : WqQ
Clerk : Here they are.
- - ivvandi.
- - revinyu- stampulu
-aru kavali
anand
: alage
.
.

P#O^ : JQ ~ q# O P~ H"e W=O_.


Anand : Also give me six revenue stamps.

- revenyu- stampulu
- repurandi.
- ledu
gumasta:
staku
.
.
.

Q= : ~ "# O ^ ~ ~O_.
Clerk : Revenue stamps are out of stock. Please come tomorrow.
- - - - poni
- - evarinaina- pedda postaphisuku
- - - - kavali.
anand : nakiroje
pampinci teppincandi.
.

P#O^ : <H~* H"e. h Z=i<< ^ OOz ` OKO_.


Anand: I need them today. If you don't mind, send someone to the head-post office
to bring them.
gumasta- : ippudu bantrotu
ledu.
.
.
- pampistanu.
atanu vaccaka
oka ganta
. taruvata randi.
.

Q= : W_ |O\` _ .
J`# =KH O#. XH QO@ `~ "` ~O_.
Clerk : Office boy is not available now.
When he comes, I will send him. Please come after an hour.
- vastamu.
- ma- annayya kani
anand : sare,- nenu
kani

P#O^ : ~ <# Hx = J# Hx ==.

Anand : OK. I will try to come, or send my elder brother.


tappakunda
.
. teppincandi.

` O_ ` OKO_
Please get them without fail.
- gumasta- : alage.

Q= : JQ.
Clerk : Sure!

56

pelliki
vellinappudu
..
..
.

12. oH "o#_

When you attend a wedding

- pellaite- entaduramaina
- vellavalasinde- kada!
daggara bandhuvula intlo
..
..
.
- pellipanditlo
sambhasanalu
etu
.
..
.
. cusina vinabadatayi.
. .
. idigo ilanti

^Q~ |O^ = WO\ ~` ZO`^ ~" < " =O^ H^!


oOk\ WkQ WO\ O+} Z@ K< q#|_`~.
If there is a wedding in the house of our near relation, we attend it wherever it is
celebrated. The guests indulge in this sort of conversation in the pandiri (Pandal or
- shamiana):
maga pellivaridi
e- vuru?
..

=Q o"ik U =~?
To which place does the bridegroom's party belong?

57

nelluru

<~.

Nellore.
- udyogam
- pelli
em
cestadu?
.
.. koduku
.

o H_ UO L^QO K_ ?
What is the bridegroom?
- aphisar
- byank

OH P ~
He is a bank officer.
- e- vurilo?

U =i?
Where?
- bengulurulo
.

OQ~
In Bangalore.
- erpatlu
ghananga- unnayi.
.

U~@ #OQ L<~.


Arrangements are excellent.
- - gani
- vantalanni- goppaga- unnayi!
aunu. vantavallekkadi
..
.
. ..
. vallo

B#. =O@"H_ " Qx =O@h QQ L<~ !


Yes. I do not know wherefrom the cooks have come, all the preparations are delicious!
intaku-

pelli
.
.. enni gantalaku?

WO` o Zx QO@?

By the by, when is the Muhurtam?


- padi gantalaku.
ratri
.

~u k QO@.
At 10 P.M.
- - vellipotanu.
- - ratravutundemo
- - -i cinna kanuka
cala
pellikuturiki
iccesi
..
..

K ~`=`O^" D z#H#H o`iH WK "o`#.


I am afraid it will be too late. I will give this little gift to the bride and go.

58

- vastaru.
sare- vellandi.
na- snehitulanta
.. . kani nenu untanu.
.

~ " O_. Hx, <# LO\#. < `O` =~ .


OK, you can go. I will stay on; all my friends will come.
mancidi.

=Ozk.
Good.
- - ! nenu
- saroja
lakshmini; nannu gurtupattaleda?
..

~* ! <# H x ## Q~ @

^ ?
- - ! I am Lakshmi; didnt you recognise me?
Saroja
- ekkado
. undi anukuntunna;
. cusinatle
.

- - maripoyavu?
- - baga

ZH_ K#> LOk J#O@< Q =i=?


I am just thinking that I had seen you somewhere earlier. You have changed a lot!
- - - - mi- cellelekkada undi?
nuvvu- maripoyavule.
.

#= =i=. g K
H _ LOk?
You too have changed. Where is your younger sister?
- lalita?
e- cellelu- ratna,

U K
~`, e`?

Which oneRatna- or Lalita?


- - natopatu
- - lalitega
cadivindi !
.
- sangate adugutunnanu.
dani
.

e`Q <`@ KkqOk !


^x OQ` J_Q`<#.
I think it is Lalita who studied with me!
I am asking about her only.
- - - skullo
adi deharadun
.
.

- panicestondi.
- ticaruga
.

Jk _ ~_< \K~ Q xKOk.


She is working as a teacher in a Dehra Doon school.

59

'kani'

ane- padam gurinci

telusukundam

13. 'Hx J< ^O QiOz- `O^O


Let us learn about the word 'kani' (but, thereby)

- - - anna samayaniki
- ceyalemu.
manam enno- panulu ceyalanukuntam.
purti
a- mata
.
- anduvalana ane- padala
- ceppadaniki
- sahayam
itarulaku artham ayela
kani,
tisukuntam.
.
.

=#O Z< # K #O\O. J# =xH i K =. P =@


W`~ J~O J K _xH 'Hx, 'JO^=#, J< ^ O fO\O.
We propose to do many things. We cannot complete them on time. To drive home
this point we use words like 'kani' and 'anduvalana'(but and thereby).
- sayantram
badi
vinandi.
. .
. vadilaka kondaru snehitulu matladukuntunnaru.
.
.

O`O |_ =kH HO^~ ` =\_ O@<~. q#O_.


After the school hours in the evening, some friends are conversing. Listen to it.
- - ninna ma- intiki vastanannavu
- kani
- raledu.
-radha!
enduvalana?
.

~^! x# = WO\H =#<= Hx ~^ . ZO^=#?

- - ! you said you would come to our house yesterday. But you did not, why?
Radha
-- ninna ade- samayaniki
kamala ma- intiki
. vaccindi. anduvalana nenu raleka poyanu.

x# J^ =xH H= = WO\H =zOk. JO^=# <# ~H #.


At the same time yesterday Kamala came to our house. Thats why I could not make it.
- - ! ninna sinimaku
- - ?
ramu
vellava
..

~=! x# x= "" ?

- - Did you go to a movie yesterday?


Ramu!
- kani
- vana
vellalanukunnanu
vaccindi.
..

- anduvalana vellalekapoyanu.
..

"#<# Hx "# =zOk. JO^=# " H #.


I thought of going, but it rained. So, I could not go.
- - - ! ninna a- patham
rani
cadivava?
.
.

~}! x# P ~O Kk""?

- - ! Did you read that lesson yesterday?


Rani
.

60

ninna ma- intiki


cuttaloccaru.
andukani caduvukovadam
vilupadaledu.
.
.
..
.

x# = WO\H K\K~. JO^Hx K^ =H=_O

g_
^ .

Some relatives came to our house yesterday. So, it was not possible to read it.
-- - sita!
repu gudiki
.
. veldama?

`! ~ Q_H "=?

Sita ! Shall we go to the temple tomorrow?


- naku
- undi. andukani ralenu.
- repu
sangitam
klasu

~ < Ow`O H LOk. JO^Hx ~#.


I have a music class tomorrow. So, I cannot come.
- - ! repu
raji
nenu
badiki
. ranu.

~r ! ~ <# |_H ~#.


- - ! I am not coming to school tomorrow.
Raji
endukani?

ZO^Hx?
Why?
- ma- akka kuturi
Repu
modati
..
. puttinaroju.

~ = JH `i "^\ \# ~A.
Tomorrow is the first birthday of my elder sisters daughter.
aite-

mi akka vaccesinda?

J~` g JH =KO^?
You mean, your sister has come?
- - rijarvesan
raledu
. dorakaledu. repu vastundi.

~^ . i[~+< ^~H
^ . ~ =O k
No. She could not get her train ticket reserved for her journey. She will come tomorrow.

61

- - nadustunnada,
- rani?
papayi
.
.

~ #_# ^, ~}?

Is the baby walking, Rani?


.
inka- ledu,
i madhya daniki
jvaram vaccindi.

WOH ^ , D =^ ^xH [~O =zOk.


Not yet. She had fever recently.
puttina
niku vacca?
.. roju patalu
.

\# ~A @ h =K?
Do you sing birthday songs?
- - repu
- - - daggu vastunnadi
- - - kani
vaccu raji!
padalenu.
endukante
.
.
. padite

=K, ~r! Hh ~ _# . ZO^HO> _` ^Q =# k.

- - But I cannot sing tomorrow. Because when I try to sing I get cough.
Yes, Raji!
- - naku
mi papanu
cudadaniki
ravalani
undi
. .

-- ralenu.
kani

< g # K__xH ~"x LOk Hx ~#.


I would like to come and see your baby, but I cannot come.
-enduku ralevu.

ZO^ ~=.
Why cant you come?
- uru
- mem
repu
veltunnam.
.

~ "O T~ " < O.


We are going to the village tomorrow.
- - - - - pani manaku vilukakapoina,
- - - - cestam.
edaina
okkokkappudu
lekapoina
..
. istam
- alanti
. sandarbhalalo - 'aina' ane padam upayogistam.

U^< x =# gHH~<, XHH_ W+O H ~< KO


JO\ O^~ 'J~< J< ^O L yO.
We perform a certain task even if it is not convenient for us or if we are disinclined to
- (though, but, however).
do it. In such cases we use the word Ayina

62

kinda iccina sambhasanalu


cadavandi.
. .
.

HO^ Wz# O+} K^= O_.


Read the following conversations.
- mata
- ane
- upayogapadutundo
- - 'aina'
- telustundi.
miku e- sandarbhalalo
.
.

g U O^~ 'J~< J< =@ L Q_ `O^ `O k.

- (however)can be used.
You will know the contexts in which the word Ayina
- intiki
ranga- ! raju
.

- veldama?
.

~OQ ! ~A WO\H "=?

- Shall we go to Rajus
Ranga!
house?

- intiki
raju
.

ravadam
nakistam
.
. . ledu

~A WO\H ~=_O <H+O ^ .


I dont like to go to Rajus
house.

aina- mirandaru- veltunnarani


vastunna.
.

J~<, g~O^~ " < ~x

=< .

However, since you are all going, I will go with you.




- - ninna bassulonci
- debba tagilinda?
radha
paddavataga,
..
.

~^ x# |Oz _=@Q, ^| `yeO^?


It seems you fell from the bus yesterday. Were you hurt?
avunu. kaliki
debba tagilindi. aina-

- - badiki vaccanu.
alage
.

J=#. HeH ^| `yeOk. J~< JQ |_H =K#.


Yes. My leg was hurt. But I have somehow managed to come to school.


-balu

- ninna pelliki
.. vellava?
..

, x# oH ""?

- - Did you attend the wedding yesterday?


Balu!
artharatri
pelli
.. ani amma nannu vaddannadi.

J~~ u o Jx J= ## =^# k.
No. As the wedding was at midnight, my mummy did not allow me to go.

63

- - nidra vaccindi. aina- pelli cudadam


- vellanu.
nenu
baga
kosam
akkade
..
..
. .
. unnanu.

<# "#. Q x^ =zOk. J~< o K__O HO JH_ L<#


I attended. Though I was very sleepy, I stayed there to witness the wedding.
- alocinci
-i vidhanga- miku naccani pani ceyavalasi
vaste- anduku karanalu
mi mitrulato.
- matladandi.
. . .

D q^O Q g #Kx x K = = JO^ H~} PzOz


g q`` =\_O _.
Thus whenever you have to do something you dont like, think of the reasons for it
and converse with your friends.
- matladutu
- - - untemana abhiprayam
teliyajeyadaniki
enno- vidhalunnayi.
.
. .
.
avi telustayi. kathalu caduvutunte
. .
. . cudandi.
. telustayi. kinda iccina konni sambhasanalu
- - kriyapadanni rendusarlu
anadam
valana a pani ento samayam tisukundane artham
.
.
vastundi.

=# JaO `e* _xH Z< q^<~. =\_ ` LO>


Jq `~. H^
K^ =`O> `~. HO^ Wz# Hx O+} K_O_.
H ^x ~ O_~ J#_O =# P x ZO` =O fO^< J~O =O k.
There are many ways to express our opinion. As we speak, we come to know of them.
We also get to know them if we read stories. Read the following dialogues. Repetition
of the verb indicates the long time taken to finish the work.
- ramu
vaccada?
.

~= =K_?

Has Ramu
come?
- cusi
- ledu.
vadikosam
cusi
.

- visigipoyanu.

^ . "_HO K K qy#.
No. I waited and waited for him and got vexed
ti.- ivvana?

\ W=<?
Like to drink tea?
- - - madhyahnam
tagi virakti pudutondi.
abbo!
nunci- ti. tagi
.

J! =^O #Op \ `y `y q~H _`Ok.


O no! Drinking tea after tea from noon onwards, I have developed an aversion to it.

64

- katha ceppana?
taruvati

`~ "u H^ K <?
Shall I continue the story?
- calu
calu
a- katha vini navvi navvi kadupunoppi
vastondi.
.

K K P H^ qx #q #q H_ < =Ok.
Enough, enough; listening to that story I had to hold my sides with laughter.
- - babu
nidralecada?
.

| x^K _?
Has the boy (babu) not woken up yet?
- - - edci
a- ! ni kosam
edci
.. nidrapoyadu.
. malli
.
.

P ! h HO U_ U_ =m x^_.
No. Having cried and cried for you, he fell asleep again.
- - ceppina padyalu
-' - - rasava?
mastaru
.

=~ K # ^ ~"?
Did you write the poems the teacher told you to?
- ceyi
- rasi
- noppipudutondi.
- ippati varaku- rasi
a,
.
.

P, W\ =~ ~ ~ K~ <_`Ok.
Yes. I wrote and wrote till now; and my hand started paining.
- lalita intiki
vastava?
. veltunnam,
.

e` WO\H " < O. ="?


We are going to Lalitas house. Would you like to come?
- nadici nadici kallu
ranu;
ippatike
..
.
.
.

noppipudutunnayi.
.

~# W\H #_z #_z H <_`<~.


No. My legs are aching having walked and walked till now.
paina upayogincina
kriyapadalaku
dirgham ivvadam
maro- vidhamaina
.
'
bhavaprakatana.
mi uddesyanni
inka balanga cebutundi.
.

# L yOz# H ^ n~O W=_O =~ q^" # =H@


#. g L^ x WOH
|OQ K|`Ok.
Another way of expressing our feelings and opinions is by ending the above verbs
with a long letter (consonant). That usage will emphasise the meaning.

65

- - cusi
- - visigipoyanu.
- cusi
navvi- navvi- kadupu
noppi vastondi.
.

K K qy#. #g #g H_ < =Ok.

- - I am tired. Having laughed and laughed (navvi,


- - cusi)
Having seen and seen (cusi,
navvi), my stomach is aching.
- - edci
- - nidrapoyadu.
-- -- - edci
.
.
. rasi rasi ceyi noppedutondi.
.

U_ U_ x^_. ~ ~ K~ <_`Ok.

- - edci)
- - he fell asleep. Having written and written (rasi,
-Having cried and cried (edci,
- - my hand started paining.
rasi)
-'
- jarigite- oka pani manaku ascaryam
edaina
kaligenta ventane
.

U^< XH x =# P~O HeQO` "O@< [iy`


When something happens in quick succession
balu
eppudu
. vaccadu?
.

Z_ =K_?

- come"?
When did Balu
- - balu
- - ledo
- vaccadu.
nuvvu ala- vellavo
..
.

#= J "" ^ =K_.

- arrived .
No sooner had you gone out than Balu
railubandi
..
. saraina samayaniki vellinda?

~
|O_ ~ # =xH "oO^?
Did the train leave the platform on time?
- - ledo
- - railu kadilindi.
- railu ekkaro
vallu
..

" ~
ZH~ ^ ~
HkeOk.
As soon as they boarded the train, it started.
ademiti,
. tadisi
. vaccaru? mi inti. daggara vana kurustunnada?

J^q\, `_ =K~? g WO\ ^Q~ "# ~# ^?


How come, you are drenched! Was it raining in your area?

66

ila-

- - ledo
- - vana
bayata
pettamo
pattukundi.
..
..
. adugu
.

W @ J_Q \" ^ "# @ Ok.


No sooner had we stepped out than it started raining.
- randi
. bhojanam ceddam.

~O_ [#O

K^O.

Come, let us have our lunch.


- - ledo
- - ilavaddu, ala- tinnamo

-' vaccesam.

=^, J u<" ^ W =KO.


No. As soon as we finished eating, we came rushing.
- pramukhyata
edutivari
teliyajeyadaniki
.

Z^\"i =Y` `e*_xH


To give due importance to the person spoken to
- pelliki
vellava?
..
..

oH ""?
Did you go to the wedding?
- miru tisuku vellakunda
.
..
. ela veltam?

g~ f " O_ Z "O?
How can we go without your taking us?
-' - bhojanam
cesara?

[#O

K~?

Have you had your food?


- nuvvu rakunda
. ela

- cestam!

#= ~O_ Z KO!
Without you, how can we eat!

67

matalni
marci
ceppadam
.
.

14. =\e =i K _O
Twisting the words

- - - - matale
- - cinna cinna marpulato
- veru
- veru
- cudandi
- arthalanu
eppudu
istayi.
. .:
.
.
. matlade

Z_ =\_ =@ z# z# =~` "~ "~ J~# W~.K_O_ :


The words we commonly use when twisted give a different meaning. Read the
following sentences :
"idi manci pustakam", ani mi abhiprayam
cebutunnaru.

''Wk =Oz HO ,

Jx g JaO K|`<~.

This is a good book. By this, you are expressing your opinion about the book.
- - ani mi- mitrudi abhiprayam
"idi manci pustakamena?"
adugutunnaru.
.
.

''Wk =Oz H" <? Jx g q`_ JaO J_Q`<~.


Is it a good book? By this you are asking your friends opinion.
identa manci pustakamo- kada!
- ante
kuda
kalupukuntunnaru.
.
.
. mi abhiprayamto mi mitrudini
.

W^O` =Oz H" H^ !


JO> g JaO` g q`_x _ H O@<~.
What a good book it is! By expressing your opinion thus, you are involving your
friend also.
- - - mi- abhiprayam.
i roju
eppatiki
marcipolemu,
anedi
.

D ~A Z\H =i=, J<k g JaO.


We will never forget this day'. This is your opinion.
- - maruvagalama- !
i roju
eppatikaina
.
-- - mito
- edutivarini
kuda
kalupukuni matladutunnaru.
.
.
. .

D ~A Z\H< =~=Q= !
Z^\"ix _ g` H x =\_ `<~.
Can we ever forget this day? By this you are involving others, too.
uda- L^: Eg.
miku oka visayam
patla
.
. khaccitamaina abhiprayam unnapudu
. ila ceppali.

g XH q+ O @ Yz`" #

JaO L#_ W Ke.

If you have a precise opinion about a thing, you should say:

68

- "i tota
. bavundi"

''D `@ =Ok.
This garden is pleasant.
- inka- cudaledu,
koncem sandeham
undanukondi.
.
.
- - ani adagali.
i tota
bavuntunda?"
.
.
.

WOH K_^ , HOKO O^ O LO^#HO_.


''D `@ =O@O^? Jx J_Qe.
Suppose you havent seen the garden yet, and have a doubt about its beauty, you
should say, Is this garden
pleasant?.
- - - - cala
- - bavundi.
miku
mi mitrulaku kuda
miku telusu. appudu
.
. bavuntundani
.

g K =Ok. g q` _ =O@O^x g `. J_
You liked the garden. You know your friends also will find it good. Then you say,
"i

- kadu"!
- enta bavundo
tota
anali.
.

''D `@ ZO` =O^ H^ ! J<e.


A nice garden, isnt it?.

69

e visayamaina
spastanga
ceppali.
.
..

U q+ "< +OQ Ke.


Be precise in your statements.
inko- sangati emitante,
ceppalanukuni
mitrudini
kalusukuntam.
. . oka visayam
.
.
.

WOH OQu Uq@O>, XH q+ O K#x q`_x HO\O.


Another point is this. We meet a friend with the intention of telling him something.
- a- sangati sarigga- ceppamu.
kani

Hx P OQu iQ

K =.

But we say it vaguely.


- repu
na- puttina
roju
veduka,
tappakunda
..
.
. ra antamu.
.
- - - ceppadam marcipotamu.
- ekkadiki
ravalo
.
.

'~ < \# ~A "_ H, ` O_ ~ JO\=.


ZH_H ~" K _O =i`=.
Tomorrow is my birthday. Please come without fail.
By saying that, we clearly forgot to tell them when and where to come.
- tappaka ravali
- - marcipovaddu".
"repu

''~ ` H ~"e =i=^ .


Come tomorrow. Do not forget.
- - - ceppaledu.
ekkadiki
ravalo
ceppakunda
.. ela vastaru?
.
. vallu

ZH_H ~" K ^ . K O_ " Z =~ ?


It is vague as it does not mention the time and place. How can they come, otherwise?
- "adivaram,
mana ramana
. intlo
.

kaluddam".

''Pk"~O =# ~=} WO\ H^O.


We will meet at our Ramanas
. house on Sunday.
- ceppaledu.
enni gantalako
vallu
.
.. e samayaniki vastaru?

Zx QO@H K ^ . " U =xH =~ ?


It is not proper as it does not mention time. At what time do they come?
kanuka mukhyamaina visayam
nokki ceppali.
.

H#H =Y"#

q+ O <H Ke.

Therefore we have to stress the important point.

70

- - gantalaku railve- stesankura!


- maraci povaddu.
" i roju
sayantram
aru
. .
.
- gantalaku". ila- spastanga- ceppali.
sarigga- aru
..
.

''D ~A O`O P~ QO@ ~


+< ~! =i =^.
iQ P~ QO@. W +O Q Ke.
Try to be precise in your statement :
Come to the railway station at 6 o clock this evening. Dont forget. At 6 p.m. sharp.
- unnada,
- ceppetappudu
- - gamanincukondi.
- leda
miru edaina
spastanga
. a visayam
.
.
..
.

g~ U^< K@_, P q+ O +O Q L#^, ^ Q=xOKHO_.


So, when you say something, you should check if your statement is precise and very
clear.
nokki ceppadam
.

<H K _O To stress a point

- - - vidhananni
- - - manam matlade
batti
. .
. . arthalu maripotayi. manam e padanni nokki
- - - vakyanni
cebutunnamo,
ekkada
. virici cebutunnamo, e padaniki pramukhyata
- telusukondi.
ivvakunda
. .
. kinda iccina vakyam cudandi:
. datavestunnamo
.

=#O =\_ q^<x |\ J~ =i`~. =#O U ^x <H K|`<",


"Hx ZH_ qiz K|`<", U ^xH =Y` W=O_ ^@"<"
`HO_. HO^ Wz# "HO K_O_:
The meanings of sentences will change as per the manner in which we speak them.
When we speak we must know which word needs to be stressed, where we should
pause or break the sentence, and which word we are overlooking. Read the following
sentence:
"a- pani naku
ceppaku".

''P x < K .
Dont assign me that work.
- pani naku
'a'
ceppaku.
'a' pratyekanga ceppadam
. valana a okka pani matram ceppavaddu, ani artham vastundi.

'P x < K .
'P ` HOQ K _O =# P XH x =`O K =^, Jx J~O =O k.
That work? Dont assign it to me.
By breaking the sentence, it means that Do not assign me that particular work.

71

- ceppadam valana a- pani inkevarikaina- ceppu.


- ane- padanni
'naku'
pratyekanga
.
- matram
naku
ceppaku.

'< J< ^x ` HOQ K _O =# P x WOH=iH< K .


< =`O K .
By mentioning the word 'me, particularly with a stress, it may mean assign that
work to anybody else, but not to me'.
inko- udaharana
. cudandi:
. .

WOH L^~} K_O_.


Take another example :
- 'nenu
ninnu rammannana'!

'<# x# ~=<< !
Did I ask you to come!
- - ane- artham vastundi.
nenu
rammanaledu.
inkevarannaro

<# ~=#^ . WOH=~<~ J< J~O =O k.


It may mean, I did not ask you to come. I do not know who asked you.
nenu
'ninnu'

- rammannana?

<# 'x# ~=<<?


Did I ask you to come?
ninnu rammanaledu.
inkokarini ane- artham vastundi.

x# ~=#^ .

WOHHix J< J~O =O k.

It may mean, I did not ask you to come; but someone else.

72

- anukunnatlu
. jaragakapote

J##@ [~QH`

If something does not transpire as intended


- miru mi snehitudi
o- pustakam tisukuntaru.
cadivi repu istanani
cebutaru.
. daggara
.
- - kani ivvaledu.
. mirila anali.
. appudu

g~ g `_ ^Q~ F HO fO\~. Kkq ~ W#x K|`~. Hx W=^ .


J_ gi J<e:
You borrow a book from your friend. You promise to read and return it the next
day. But you fail to do so. Then you say like this:
- tappakunda- - anukunnanu,
- - caduvalekapoyanu.
- chaduvagalanemo
kani
cadivi repu
.
istanu

K^ =Q<" J#<#, Hh K^ =H #. Kkq ~ ` O_ W#.


I thought I could read it; but faild to do so. I will read and return it tomorrow without
fail.
sumati vaccinda?

=u =zO^?
Has Sumathi come?
- - anukunnanu,
- inka- raledu.
-vastundemo

=O ^" J#<#, WOH ~^ .


I thought she would come, but has not come yet.
- - i roju miru vakinguku
vellaleda?
..

D ~A g~ "HOQ " ^?
Didnt you go for a walk today?
- - vastundemonani
vana
vellaledu.
..

"# =O ^" #x " ^ .


Thinking that it might rain I did not go.
- inka- raledu?
-krusna
ceppavu,
kani
. . . vaccadani
.

H$+

=K_x K=, Hx WOH ~^ ?

You said that Krishna had come, but he has not come till now.

73

- - vastanannadu.
- - - anukunnanu.
roje
. vaccademo
.

D ~* =#<_. =K_"

J#<#.

He had said he would positively come today. That is why I thought he might have
come.
- intlo- unnada?
sita
.

` WO\ L#^?
Is Sita in the house?
- ledamma.
sita

` ^= .

- is not in the house.


No. Sita
- - vastanu.
- sita untundemonani
vaccanu.
inkosari
.

` LO@O^" #x =K#. WOHi =#.


I came thinking that she would be in the house. All right, I will come again.

74

'
prasnalu

15.

Questions
adigi
.
. telusukondi.

J_y `HO_.
Ask and know.
- miru edaina

- telusukovalante
. adagali.
.

g~ U^~< `H"O> J_Qe.


You need asking to know anything.
-- - - milone
- - mi- anumanalu
'
adagadaniki
sandehiste
undipotayi.
a- prasnalaku
. - .
.
samadhanamulu eppatiki
. telusukondi.
. miku teliyavu. anduke adigi
.

J_Q_ xH O^ g J#=< g< LO_`~. P =^#=


Z\H g `e=. JO^H J_y `HO_.
If you hesitate to ask, you will never know the answers to your doubts. That is why
ask and get your doubts cleared.
ekkada?
eppudu?
ela?
evaru?
enduku?
.
.

Z=~?

ZO^?

Z_?

ZH_?

Z?

Who?

Why?

When?

Where?

How?

i aidu

matala
upayogam
telusukondi.
.
.

D J~^ =@ L QO `HO_.
These are known as four Ws and H.
Now try to know their meanings and application.
- evaru?
ame

P" Z=~?
Who is she?
ame
anjali.

P" JO[e.
She is Anjali.

75

ekkada
. nunci vaccaru?

ZH_ #Oz =K~?


Where is she from?
rajamandri
. nunci vaccaru.

~[=O_ #Oz =K~.


She is from Rajahmundry.
.
- akkada
. emi cestaru?

JH_ Uq K~ ?
What does she do there?
- - taragatulu nirvahistaru.
yoga

Q `~Q ` x~~ .
- - classes.
She conducts Yoga

76

ikkadaku
enduku vaccaru?
.

WH_ ZO^ =K~?


Why has she come here?
- - gurinci ceppadaniki.
- yoga
mana badilo
.
.

=# |_ Q QiOz K _xH.
- - in our school.
To give a talk on Yoga

- ani ceppadaniki
- emaina
- a- pani jaragali
edi
ila- antamu:
.
.

Uk U"< P x [~Qe Jx K _xH W JO\=:


To express the view Come what may, that should be done, we say:
- - petti -a billulu
unna adayamanta
..

- migulutundi?
- - migata- kharculakem
katteste
..

L# P^=O` \ P a H> qQ` Y~HO qQ`Ok?


If we spend all the income to pay the bills, what about the other expenses?
- - vallaku
- migalakapoina,
- - manam tinna- tinakapoina
migilina,
a- dabbu
kattali.
..
.
..

qye<. qQH~<, =#O u< u#H~< " P _| H\e.


We have to pay the bills whether something remains or not and whether we eat or
not.
- pani cesadante
-' vadu
. ilanti
.
. . nammalekapotunna.

"_ WO\ x K_O> #=H `<.


I could not just believe that he had done such a thing.
- - adi nijam!
nuvvu nammina- nammakapoina

#= #q< #=H~< Jk x[O!


Believe it or not, that is the truth!
- nikem
ennaina-

- naku
- kada!
cebutavu.
kani
vilu padali
.

hHO Z#~< K|`=. Hx < g _e H^!


You say so many things, what do you lose? But it should be convenient to me.

77

- - padakapoina,
- - a- pani ceyadam
niku vilu padina
ni badhyata.
.
.
.

h g _< _H ~<, P x K _O h ^ `.
Convenient or not, it is your duty to do that work.
- - vaccina- rakapoina
vallu
..

manam pilavali.

" =z< ~H~< =#O "e.


Whether they come or not , we have to invite.
- - - oka pani ceyalekapote
kanisam marokataina
ceyalane- sandarbhamlo.

XH x K H ` HhO =~H>
< K < O^~ O
To do at least something else if onething cannot be done.
- mi- gruhapravesaniki
--' akka- ! nenu
ralenu.
.

JH! <# g Q$" xH ~#.

- I cannot attend your housewarming ceremony.


Sister(Akka),
- - gani
- ammayi
- pellikaina- ra!
-' - - rakapoyavu
gruhapravesaniki
rakapote
..
.

Q$" xH ~H` ~H= Qx J=~ oH< ~!


If you do not want to come for housewarming, dont come; but attend at least the
wedding of my daughter.
- naku
- ledu,
amma,
akaliga
annam tinalenu.

J=, < PHeQ ^ J#O u##.


Mummy, I am not hungry. I cannot eat food.
- - gani
- palaina
- tagu.
- - tinakapoyavu
annam tinakapote

J#O u#H` u#H= Qx < `Q.


If you dont want to eat do not eat, but at least drink milk.
amma- ! nenu
sita intiki
.

veltunna.
.

J= ! <# ` WO\H " < .


Mummy, I am going to Sitas house.
- - sayantraniki
velte
tirigi ra!
..
. vellavugani

" "=Qh O`xH uiy ~!


If you want to go you can go. But come back by evening.

78

- - - ila ceppalante
. enno andamaina vakyalu, arthavantamaina vakyalu mana
. ilantivi
- - caduvutu- unte,
- matladutu
- unte- Telugu nercukuni,
bhasalo
unnayi.
telugu pustakalu
.
.
.
.
.
- - miku anni baga
telustayi.

W KO> WO\q Z< JO^" # "H, J~= O`" # "H =# +


L<~. `Q <~ x, `Q H K^ =` LO>, =\_ ` LO> g
Jh Q `~.
There are so many beautiful expressions in the Telugu language. Learn Telugu and
read Telugu books; and if you practise speaking in Telugu, you will know many things.
- teta
- telugu mata
- tiyanaina
telugu mata.
teta
.
.
.
.

`@ `@ `Q =@ f<# `Q =@.
Telugu is lucid, Telugu is sweet.
-- - nercukondi.
- manasara
. tanivi tira matladandi.
. . .

=#~ <~ HO_. `xq f~ =\_O _.


Learn it earnestly and willingly. Speak in melodious Telugu to your heart's content.
- yanna, desambu
-'
telu gadela
telugenu
telugu vallabhunda,
.
. telugokanda,
- yella nrupula goluva nerugave
basadi
.
.
'
desabhasalandu
telugu lessa.
.

` Q^
#, ^O | `Q#
`Q = O_, `QHO_,
#$ Q= <Q" _
^ +O^ `Q .
If you ask why Telugu, it is
the Telugu land,
I am a Telugu king, and a Telugu man;
Speak Telugu compelling
admiration of all kings;
Telugu is the sweetest of all
languages of the country.

79

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