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Features
Applications
z
z
z
z
Notebook Computers
CPU Core Supply
Chipset/RAM Supply as Low as 0.5V
Generic DC/DC Power Regulator
Pin Configurations
PHASE
UGATE
10
GND
13
3
4
FB
Note :
11
VCC
LGATE
12
BOOT
Package Type
QW : WQFN-12L 2x2 (W-Type)
CS
RT8228A
TON
Ordering Information
GND
(TOP VIEW)
PGOOD
EN
MODE
WQFN-12L 2x2
RoHS compliant and compatible with the current requirements of IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020.
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1
RT8228A
Marking Information
RT8228AGQW
RT8228AZQW
CQ : Product Code
CQ : Product Code
CQW
W : Date Code
W : Date Code
CQW
11
5
VDDP
R2
100k
TON
RT8228A
BOOT 4
VCC
C2
4.7F
9 PGOOD
10 CS
PGOOD
UGATE 3
R5
0
C3
0.1F
VOUT
1V
Q1
L1
Q2
* : Optional
R7*
C7*
R8
10k
C5* C6*
C1
220F
FB 6
MODE
8 EN
GND
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2
R4
0
PHASE 2
1
LGATE
R6
Chip Enable
C4
10F
To 5V : DEM
To 2.5V : ASM
To GND : FCCM
R9
10k
RT8228A
Functional Pin Description
Pin No.
Pin Name
Pin Function
LGATE
PHASE
External Inductor Connection Pin for PWM Converter. It behaves as the current
sense comparator input for Low Side MOSFET RDS(ON) sensing and reference
voltage for on time generation.
UGATE
BOOT
VCC
FB
MODE
EN
PGOOD
Open Drain Power Good Indicator. High impedance indicates power is good.
10
CS
Current Limit Threshold Setting Input. Connect a setting resistor to GND and the
current limit threshold is equal to 1/10 of the voltage at this pin.
11
TON
12,
GND
13 (Exposed Pad)
Ground. The exposed pad must be soldered to a large PCB and connected to
GND for maximum power dissipation.
TON
PHASE
BOOT
R
- COMP
PSR
125% VREF
FB
70% VREF
OV
Latch
S1
Q
UV
Latch
S1
Q
PWM
Min. TOFF
Q
TRIG
VCC
DRV
MODE
PGOOD
POR
EN
10A
SS
Timer
90% VREF
Thermal
Shutdown
CS
LGATE
GND
DEM/FCCM/ASM
VCC
UGATE
1-SHOT
125% VREF
DRV
PHASE
0.5V VREF
+
+
-
X(-1/10)
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3
RT8228A
Absolute Maximum Ratings
(Note 1)
(Note 4)
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4
RT8228A
Electrical Characteristics
(VCC = 5V, VIN = 15V, VEN = 5V, VMODE = 5V, RTON = 500k, TA = 25C, unless otherwise specified)
Parameter
Symbol
Test Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
--
0.5
1.25
mA
-----
-30
---
1
-1
1
A
A
A
A
495
500
505
mV
VFB = 0.5V
1
0.5
0.1
--
1
3.3
A
V
PWM Controller
VCC Quiescent Supply Current IQ
VCC Shutdown Current
TON Operating Current
TON Shutdown Current
CS Shutdown Current
FB Error Comparator
Threshold Voltage
FB Input Bias Current
Output Voltage Range
ISHDN
On-Time
267
334
401
ns
Minimum Off-Time
250
400
550
ns
VCS = 0.5V to 2V
10
11
CS Source Current TC
--
4700
--
ppm/C
10
--
mV
VMODE = 2.5V
--
25
--
kHz
85
60
100
70
115
80
mV
%
OVP Threshold
120
125
130
OV Fault Delay
VCC Power On Reset (POR)
Threshold
POR Threshold Hysteresis
Current Limit Ramp at
Soft-Start
UV Blank Time
--
--
3.7
3.9
4.2
--
100
--
mV
--
900
--
--
4.5
--
ms
--
150
--
--
10
--
--
2.5
--
1.5
--
2.5
----
0.8
30
30
1.5
---
Protection Function
Thermal Shutdown
Rising Edge
ns
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5
RT8228A
Parameter
Internal Boost Charging
Switch on Resistance
EN Threshold
Min
Typ
Max
Unit
--
--
80
Logic-High V IH
1.2
--
--
Logic-Low V IL
--
--
0.4
DEM Threshold
VCC 0.5
--
--
ASM Threshold
1.8
--
2.9
--
--
0.4
13
10
--
--
--
2.5
--
EN Threshold
Voltage
Symbol
Test Conditions
V CC to BOOT, 10mA
Mode Threshold
FCCM Threshold
PGOOD (upper side threshold decided by OV threshold)
Trip Threshold (Falling)
below
ISINK = 1mA
--
--
0.4
Leakage Current
--
--
Note 1. Stresses listed as the above Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are
stress ratings, Functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the
operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended
periods may remain possibility to affect device reliability.
Note 2. JA is measured in the natural convection at TA = 25C on a low effective thermal conductivity test board of JEDEC 513 thermal measurement standard.
Note 3. Devices are ESD sensitive. Handling precaution is recommended.
Note 4. The device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating conditions.
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6
RT8228A
Typical Operating Characteristics
Efficiency vs. Load Current
100
90
90
DEM Mode
60
50
40
CCM Mode
30
DEM Mode
80
70
Efficiency (%)
Efficiency (%)
80
70
60
50
40
CCM Mode
30
20
20
10
10
0
0.001
0.01
0.1
10
0.01
0.1
90
800
100
Efficiency (%)
80
DEM Mode
60
50
40
30
CCM Mode
20
10
0
0.001
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0.01
0.1
10
100
300
450
350
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
0
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
500
600
700
800
300
CCM Mode
250
200
150
100
50
DEM Mode
400
50
200
RTON Resistance (k )
500
10
70
26
0
0.001
0.01
0.1
10
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7
RT8228A
Power On from EN
400
350
UGATE
(20V/Div)
300
250
CCM Mode
EN
(5V/Div)
200
150
VOUT
(500mV/Div)
PGOOD
(5V/Div)
100
50
0
0.001
DEM Mode
0.01
0.1
Time (1ms/Div)
10
Power On from EN
OVP
UGATE
(20V/Div)
UGATE
(20V/Div)
EN
(5V/Div)
VOUT
(500mV/Div)
VOUT
(500mV/Div)
PGOOD
(5V/Div)
LGATE
(5V/Div)
VIN = 12V, VOUT = 1V, No Load
Time (1ms/Div)
Time (200s/Div)
UVP
UGATE
(50V/Div)
LGATE
(10V/Div)
VOUT_ac
(50mV/Div)
VOUT
(500mV/Div)
LGATE
(5V/Div)
IL
(10A/Div)
IOUT
(10A/Div)
UGATE
(20V/Div)
Time (20s/Div)
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8
Time (100s/Div)
RT8228A
Mode Transition CCM to DEM
UGATE
(20V/Div)
UGATE
(20V/Div)
MODE
(5V/Div)
VOUT
(200mV/Div)
MODE
(5V/Div)
VOUT
(200mV/Div)
LGATE
(5V/Div)
Time (1ms/Div)
LGATE
(5V/Div)
Time (1ms/Div)
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9
RT8228A
Application Information
The RT8228A PWM controller provides high efficiency,
excellent transient response, and high DC output accuracy
needed for stepping down high voltage batteries to
generate low voltage CPU core, I/O, and chipset RAM
supplies in notebook computers. Richtek Mach
Response TM technology is specifically designed for
providing 100ns instant-on response to load steps while
maintaining a relatively constant operating frequency and
inductor operating point over a wide range of input voltages.
The topology circumvents the poor load transient timing
problems of fixed frequency current mode PWMs while
avoiding the problems caused by widely varying switching
frequencies in conventional constant on-time and constant
off-time PWM schemes. The PSR PWM modulator is
specifically designed to have better noise immunity for
such a single output application.
PWM Operation
On-Time Control
The on-time one-shot comparator has two inputs. One
input looks at the output voltage, while the other input
samples the input voltage and converts it to a current.
This input voltage proportional current is used to charge
an internal on-time capacitor. The on-time is the time
required for the voltage on this capacitor to charge from
zero volts to VOUT, thereby making the on-time of the
high side switch directly proportional to the output voltage
and inversely proportional to the input voltage. The
implementation results in a nearly constant switching
Copyright 2014 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved.
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10
ILOAD
( VIN VOUT )
2L
where tON is On-time.
tON
RT8228A
IL
Slope = (VIN -VOUT) / L
IPEAK
ILOAD = IPEAK / 2
tON
VCS
RDS(ON)
VCS
IRipple
+
RDS(ON)
2
+
( V VOUT ) VOUT
1
IN
2 x Lf
VIN
Forced-CCM Mode
The low noise, forced-CCM mode (MODE = GND) disables
the zero-crossing comparator, which controls the low side
switch on-time. This causes the low side gate drive
Copyright 2014 Richtek Technology Corporation. All rights reserved.
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11
RT8228A
Power Good Output (PGOOD)
IL
IPEAK
ILOAD
ILIM
BOOT
UGATE
PHASE
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12
RT8228A
R2 to be approximately 10k, and solve for R1 using the
equation :
R1
VOUT = VREF 1+
R2
where VREF is 0.5V.(typ.)
VIN
Thermal Considerations
VOUT
UGATE
PHASE
LGATE
R1
FB
R2
GND
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13
RT8228A
Maximum Power Dissipation (W)1
0.65
Single-Layer PCB
0.60
0.55
0.50
0.45
0.40
0.35
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
0
25
50
75
100
125
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14
RT8228A
Outline Dimension
DETAIL A
Pin #1 ID and Tie Bar Mark Options
Note : The configuration of the Pin #1 identifier is optional,
but must be located within the zone indicated.
Symbol
Dimensions In Millimeters
Dimensions In Inches
Min
Max
Min
Max
0.700
0.800
0.028
0.031
A1
0.000
0.050
0.000
0.002
A3
0.175
0.250
0.007
0.010
0.150
0.250
0.006
0.010
1.900
2.100
0.075
0.083
1.900
2.100
0.075
0.083
0.400
0.016
D2
0.850
0.950
0.033
0.037
E2
0.850
0.950
0.033
0.037
0.250
0.350
0.010
0.014
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15
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