IEEE C57.12.

38
C57 12 38
LV bushing cantilever strength analysis

Justin Pezzin,, P.Eng

g
Carlos Gaytan
March 2012

Overview

Problem description
LV bushing force diagram
Review of manufacturer specifications
Discussion / Next actions

Problem description
p

Oil egress past the LV bushings of 1

1-ph
ph pad
mounted transformers has been identified as a
failure mode related to the torque
q applied
pp
to the
bushing by the attached wires.

LV bushing
g force diagram
g

Specifications summary
Cantilever strength
Manufacturer A

5/8 stud = 250 ft-lb

1 stud = 300 ft-lb

Manufacturer B

80 ft-lb

Manufacturer C

Not available

Discussion / next actions

Is this a general issue?

Is standardization required?
Can we make a decision today?

Standards on LV Bushing
g Cantilever
IEC 6013760137 2008.
2008 Ins
Insulated
lated b
bushings
shings for alternating
voltages above 1 000 V
Cantilever Load requirements:
300 N (67.4 lb) for Ir 800 A
1 000 N ((224.8 lb)) for Ir >800 A

IEEE Std C57.19.01. Performance Characteristics

and Dimensions for Outdoor Apparatus Bushings
Does not cover LV Bushings (Scope: 34.5 kV and above)

IEC 60137- 2008 Test Method

bushing shall be completely assembled and filled with the
insulating medium specified
Ap
pressure equal
q
to 1 bar 0,1
, bar (14.7
(
psig
p g 1.47
psig), above the maximum operating pressure shall be
applied inside the bushing
Load shall be applied perpendicular to the axis of the
bushing at the mid-point of the terminal for 60 s
Bushing
gp
passes if there is no evidence of damage
g
(deformation, rupture or leakage) and if it has withstood a
repetition of all routine tests without significant change
from previous results

Force Applied
pp
for Cantilever Test
Cantile er Load = Torq
Cantilever
Torque
e Applied
Cantilever Load = Force * Distance

Since Load
Si
L d is
i fixed,
fi d the
th torque
t
applied varies with the length of
the LV bushing and its terminal

Distance

Force

Distance
in/ft

Load
lb

Torque
ft-lb

6 / 0.5

224.8

112.4

8 / 0.75

224.8

168.6

10 / 0.833

224.8

187.2

Standards on LV Bushing
g Cantilever
Most LV Bushing Manufacturers specify the cantilever
torque used on their certification testing
The following
g is a sample
p of the cantilever torque
q values that
are published for LV Bushings:
Stud diam.
(in)

Max. Current
(Amp)

Bush. Torque
ft-lb

Max. load distance

in / ft

5/8

830

250

13.34 / 1.11

1500

280 to 375

14.9 / 1.24 (*)

2200

320

17.1 / 1.42

(*) Worst case

Standards on LV Bushing
g Cantilever
Conclusions:
No current IEEE Std. Covers LV Bushing requirements
IEC 60137 Standard provides cantilever requirements for LV
Bushings
Most LV Bushing manufacturers provide cantilever torque test
values that would meet IEC 60137 requirements
q
for std.
dimensions of bushing-terminal assemblies
Concerns would raise on larger terminals that would cause torque
distances above 12
12 , where mechanical support may be required
Findings may suggest to review any reported issues, to determine
whether a LV bushing standardization is needed