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VOTE FOR ARCHITECTURE

To understand recent changes to Britains
Parliamentary arrangements, it is important
to remember the backgrounds of the leading
Labour politicians of the last 30 years. For
example, the Labour Party (which ruled for
the rst three and last 10) has had as its leaders
James Callaghan (Welsh); Michael Foot (Welsh);
Neil Kinnock (Welsh); John Smith (Scottish); and
Tony Blair (English but Scottish-educated). His
heir-apparent is Gordon Brown (Scottish).
Given this parade of the non-English
succeeding in national politics via Westminster,
why should they have supported devolution and
parliamentary buildings in Scotland and Wales?
The answer was partly to do with counteracting
Scottish and Welsh nationalism; it appears that
the creation of a Scottish Parliament, with
its extraordinary building designed by Enric
Miralles (AR November 2004), and now the
Richard Rogers Partnership National Assembly
for Wales, have put those genies back in the
bottle, at least for the time being.
Instead, Gordon Brown recently made an
extraordinary speech in which he called on the
British to start ying the national ag, the Union
Jack, in the American way, and start behaving
more patriotically. This hypocritical drivel
was greeted with the loud raspberry it surely
deserved; the British only wave ags on very
special occasions for example a visit by the
Queen. She will be going to Cardiff on St Davids
Day (1 March) to open the RRP building.
Happily, the architects and their client have
avoided the temptation to turn the Assembly
building into a Disney-esque representation of
all that is Welsh. While many of the materials
used are of Welsh origin, their selection has been
part of an environmental programme aimed at
minimising journey times for materials. (Other
key programme elements included a design life
of 100 years, and accessible and inclusive design
for people of all ages and abilities.)
This is the rst pavilion building by the Richard
Rogers Partnership, and a relatively small project
for the practice (Madrid Airport opens shortly,
for example). However, it punches well above its
weight in creating architectural presence in the

1
The dramatic
front elevation and
oversailing roof
address Cardiff Bay.
2
Neighbours include
the Pierhead
building, now a linked
educational facility,
and the Millennium
Centre beyond.

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context of the Millennium Centre next door,
the adjacent Pierhead building being used as an
educational facility, and of Cardiff Bay itself,
a large expanse of water behind the barrage
designed by Will Alsop.
The extended overhanging roof, with its
undulating red cedar slatted timber soft, is a
visual complement to the rippling water in the
bay beyond. It gives a real sense of importance
and occasion as you arrive, at plinth level
(magnicently built in Welsh slate, cleaved and
pillared to show off the quality of the material).
You enter an offset security zone and then arrive
in the main living room space, a huge volume
where you can sit, attend informal meetings or
presentations, and watch whatever is happening
in the assembly chamber on one of the many
screens available (all the IT in the buildings is
top-grade). Within the volume you can go to the
upper level caf and sit round the magnicent
timber-clad bell that acts as a light source
and ventilation exit for the assembly chamber
at lower ground level, which includes meeting
rooms and three double-height, glazed-wall
committee chambers. Glass bridges link to an
adjacent existing ofce building where members
and staff have permanent facilities, but most of
the circulation in the building is open to all.
Natural ventilation is the norm, with the
help of 27 boreholes 100m deep, connected
to heat exchangers to provide a temperature
range control, there is some mechanical and
air-conditioning assistance if required, plus
underoor heating. It feels very clement.

3
Upper level of the public space; the
caf is next to the Bell structure
which hovers over the debating
chamber below. Furniture, by Arne
Jacobsen, was selected after appraising
the condition of what he used for St
Catherines College, Oxford.
4
The plinth level arrival space and
information desk.

exploded axonometric showing the

Chamber and two levels above

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long section showing what is believed to be Europes biggest wind cowl

short section showing the services plenum

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Natural ventilation is
available to vir tually all areas
though there is mixed mode
assistance for extreme
conditions. A wood-fuelled
boiler provides renewable
heating while a rainwater
harvesting system supplies
all (except potable) water.
Daylight is maximised. The
overall design achieved an
excellent BREEAM rating
and exceeds best practice
guidelines. Automatic
controls monitor internal and
external environments and
adjust passive elements (eg,
windows) and active systems
(eg, heating).
Performance monitoring is
carried out through sensors in
the building structure.

ventilation strategy using the cowl

5

5
Triple-height slots run
either side of the debating
chamber.
6
The public views the
Assembly at work through
unintrusive security glazing.
7
Upward view of the bell/
funnel allowing in light,
taking out air.
6

ground condition heat exchangers and apertures create an integrated environmental approach

Architect
Richard Rogers
Partnership, London
Structural engineer
Arup
Environmental/ME
services engineer
BDSP
Acoustic consultant
SRL
Landscape architect
Gillespies
Photographs
Richard Bryant/Arcaid

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lower ground level with debating chamber and committee/meeting rooms

mid level; visitors can observe the Assembly and committees at work

roof plan; glazed bridge links connect to the existing administration block

This was a project that had its moments of

drama; at one stage the architects were sidelined
and had to win a second competition, with
Taylor Woodrow, to complete the project they
had designed after winning a rst competition.
There were some difcult technical requirements
(security, especially after 9/11) and elements (like
translation rooms) which put pressure on space.
RRP director Ivan Harbour cites the Richard
Rogers dictum, about good buildings comprising
simple plans and complex sections, in his
description of the building, and he acknowledges
an unexpected source of inspiration for the
curving roof design a never-built sculpture for
the RRP Bordeaux Law Courts (AR July 1999)
where Harbour was also project director.
A complex story and programme has resulted
in a building of clarity and calm, which impresses
without becoming bombastic, and gives Cardiff
a rst-class building in which Welsh governance
will be admirably housed. PAUL FINCH

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