Exercise 1.

2:

1. What is an information system?

An information system is a system which performs a set of information
processes which require participants, data/information and information
technology.

2. Describe the purpose of an information system.

The purpose of an information system is to meet the needs of an
individual or a group. The purpose is the reason for its existence, and is
thus used to measure its success. For example an individual may require
an information system with a purpose to keep track of income and
expenses.
3. Outline one reason for the environment of an information system
to change.
The environment of an information system will change because of the
progressing information technology.
4. List the five functions of hardware.
The five functions of hardware:
Input
Processing
Storage
Control
Output
1. What function is performed by the CPU?
The Central Processing Unit (CPU) is the ‘brain’ of the computer. Its
function is to take the data from an input device, changes it to produce
information, and then sends it to an output device to be displayed to the
user.
2. What part of the computer coordinates the operations of input,
processing, output and storage?
The ‘control’ part of the computer coordinates the operations of input,
processing, output and storage.
3. Describe four different types of computers:
Personal Computer- a single-user computer, generally sits on a
desktop. Suitable for individuals needs, such as word processing,
spreadsheets and graphics. Can be joined together to form a
network.
Midrange computer- a central computer which performs the
processing for a number of users working at terminals (an
input/output device, e.g. Keyboard and screen). Typically used for
accounting, database management and specific industry
applications.
Mainframe computer-a central computer for a large number of
users. More powerful than a midrange computer and often has
thousands of terminals connected to it. Mainframe applications
 include payroll computations, accounting and airline seat
reservations.
Supercomputer-the fastest, most powerful and expensive type of
computer. Designed for applications requiring high-volume and
high-speed calculations, such as simulations of the weather and
aerodynamics design.

1. How is system software different from application software?

System software is different from application software in that; application

software is used to perform a specific task; they include word processors,
databases, graphics programs and spreadsheets. Whereas system software
manages and controls the hardware so the application software can perform
its required task. System software determines the way the participant
interacts with the information system, includes: operating systems and utility

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

RAM, STORAGE, MEMORY, HARD DRIVE

RAM – MEMORY

HARD DRIVE - STORAGE