Section 4

Piping/Mechanical Design Drawings

GENERAL

The primary drawings that a Piping/Mechanical Field Engineer will use in the course of
completing a field assignment are:
Piping and Instrument Diagram (P&ID)

Piping Isometric

Plot Plans

Piping Class Sheets

Piping Support Details and Hanger Drawings

Vendor Drawings and Manuals

Instrument and Tubing Drawings

Standard Instrument Details

Steam Heat Tracing Drawings

These drawings along with project installation specifications provide quality guidelines for properly
completing the assigned system.
Piping and Instrument Diagram
The single most important drawing for the installation of piping systems is the Piping and
Instrument Diagram (P&ID). It provides the base design description of the required pipe routing
and sizing, flow direction and slope, instrumentation and controls, insulation, heat tracing, and
equipment and/or instrument references. This provides a road map to finding other drawings,
vendor data, and piping information to properly complete the installation. The P&ID does not
however provide dimensional data or physical locations of any commodities.
The Piping Line List and the Instrument Index are issued documents which often provide this
information.
PIPING ISOMETRIC AND PLOT PLAN DRAWINGS

Piping Isometric and Plot Plan drawings provide plant references and physical dimensioning
that are not on the P&ID. Along with dimensioning and locating the pipe itself, the drawings
also show the physical installation guides, including:
Hanger location references to plant coordinates and piping commodities

Specific installation details and/or requirements

Material requirements for both the shop and/or field

Correct valve orientation

Existing equipment outlines

Pull or dismantling space

Piping class

Pressure test requirements

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Section 4

Piping/Mechanical Design Drawings

Spools

Welds (including welded attachments)

Valves

Hangers

Specialty items with unique tag numbers

For bulk piping systems, Engineering supplies a detailed Bill of Material for each drawing listing
the required material including material description, quantities, stock code numbers, flange
gasket, and flange bolting. Other information that engineering provides includes coating and
slope requirements for the detailed piping system, connecting equipment nozzle numbers, tap
orientations, stress relief and NDE requirements for piping welds, and standard details for vents
and drains.
PIPING CLASS SHEETS
Piping class sheets specify the material and code requirements for designated piping system
pressure and temperature ratings. A sample Piping Class Sheet is shown in Attachment 4-1.
HANGER DRAWINGS
Hanger drawings provide a detailed drawing of the pipe support, and include the following:
Detailed bill of materials

Building location and elevation reference

Piping dimensional reference for installation location

Welding requirements

Line reference numbers

Design loads (on some projects, hanger loads are determined from standard load tables
and/or charts based on pipe size, span, and support member size)

VENDOR DRAWINGS AND MANUALS

Drawings supplied by vendors will vary by manufacturer but generally provide:
Outline drawings

Material types

Parts listing

Weights and Centers of Gravity

Field test requirements

Operating pressures and temperatures and data (e.g. pump curves)

Start-up, operating, and maintenance procedures

INSTRUMENT AND TUBING DRAWINGS

Design Engineering provides a standard set of drawings for the Mechanical Field Engineer to use
in the installation process. The Piping/Mechanical Field Engineer will match the instrument

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Piping/Mechanical Design Drawings

Section 4

category and service fluid and instruct the craft in which detail should be used. The standard
usually will show routing, vents and drains, manifolds, bill of material and stock codes.
HEAT TRACING DRAWINGS
Heat tracing drawings provide the Mechanical Field Engineer with:
Heat tracing category

Plant location

Piping isometric and line number

Manifold locations with specific tap numbers for tie-in of both steam and condensate tubing.

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Section 4

Piping/Mechanical Design Drawings

SAMPLE PIPING CLASS SHEET

ATTACHMENT 4-1

Class (XXX)
ASME B31.1 Power Piping Code
Primary Rating 150 LB @ 600 oF
Pipe:

Fittings:

Flanges:

Plate:
Bolting:
Gaskets:
Valves:
Joints:
Notes:

4-4

26" and larger

Seamless ASTM A-672, Gr. B70 SCH. (later if

required).
12" thru 24"
Seamless ASTM A-106, Gr. B STD. WALL
2 1/2" to 10"
SCH. 40
2" and smaller
SCH. 80
26" and larger
ASTM A234 GR. WPBW seam weld, butt
weld, wall thickness to match pipe
2 1/2" thru 24"
ASTM A234 GR WPB or WPBW seamless or
seamweld, butt weld, wall to match pipe
2" and smaller
ASTM A-105 3000# socket weld SCH. 80
ASTM A-105, bored to match pipe.
26" and larger
150# welding neck R.F.
2 1/2" thru 24"
150# slip-on, R.F.
2" and smaller
150# socket weld, R.F.
ASTM A515 GR. 70
Bolts
Stud bolts, ASTM A-193 GR. B7
Nuts
Heavy hex, ASTM A-194, GR 2H
All Sizes
SEE NOTE 2
ASBESTOS FREE SPIRAL WOUND
SEE PS-22
Welded except at flange equipment connections. Field weld end
preparation and weld end transition (ref. PS-06)
1. This piping shall not be used where service temperature exceeds
775 oF.
2. Flexitallic Style CG with Flexite-Super filler or equal for design
temperature not exceeding 1000 oF. Metal Strip used shall be
stainless steel TP304.
3. Pipe minimum walls (pipe schedules) are based on design
conditions of 200 PSIG @ 400 oF.

Piping/Mechanical Handbook

1996:Rev.2