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Running Head: GENETICS LAB REPORT

Genetics Lab Practical Report


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GENETICS LAB REPORT 2


Part 1
Using the lab animation, fill in the following data table to help you generate your
hypothesis, outcomes, and analysis:
Punnett Square
F1
p
p

Pp
Pp

Pp
Pp

All purple flowers 4 Pp.


F2

P
P
p

PP
Pp
Pp
pp
3 Pp : 1 pp ratio

Part 2
Purpose
To determine that the dominant allele is on the X chromosome when a red eye fruit fly
female is cross with a white eye fruit fly male, and that it can be passed to successive
generation.
Introduction
The X and Y chromosomes determine the sex of the fly. Similar to human, Drosophila
fruit fly female have a genotype of XX and the male Drosophila have a genotype of XY.
Male produces two types of sperm, one has an X chromosome and the other has a Y
chromosome. The union of an egg with a sperm bearing an X chromosome produces XX
female zygote and the union of egg with a Y chromosome produces XY male zygote. The
fly expresses two different eye color. The alleles for both the red and white eye color are

GENETICS LAB REPORT 3


present on the X chromosome. The Y chromosome has no allele. Therefore, female have
two alleles for this gene and males would have only one allele.
Hypothesis
If we cross the red eye female fly with a white eye male fly, all the F1 progeny would
have red eyes, and the F2 generation would have 3 red eye fly to 1 white eye fly. This
mean that the genes for red eye and white eye is located on the X chromosomes.
Methods
Two alleles are represent as W (red) and w (white). If we designate the X chromosomes
as XW to indicate red eye and Xw to indicate white eye.

If we cross: P
XWXW (Red female) X
Xw Y (white male)
Gametes XW
Xw Y

F1

XW Xw (Red female) X
1/2 XW

Gametes

F2

1/4 XWXW
Red female

Xw

1/2

XW

1/4 Xw XW
Red female

XW Y (Red male)
Y

1/4 XW Y
Red male

1/4 Xw Y
white male

Results
The genetic results are completely consistent with the known meiotic behavior of the X
and Y chromosome. The experiment strongly supports the hypothesis that the dominant
genes for red eye is located on the X chromosomes. In addition, it also support the notion
that both red and white eye genes are located on the X chromosomes.

GENETICS LAB REPORT 4


Discussion
Since the female red eye fly has the genotype of X WXW and the white eye male has the
genotype of XwY. When we crossed them, the gametes for both parents would carry
independently assort randomly into of red female offsprings with the genotype X WXw
and the other half of red male offspring with genotype XW Y. All the F1 progenies
would have red eye color and half of the population are female and half are male.
Because of independent assortment for the gametes in the F1 generations, the F2
generation would have 3 times as many red eye fly compared to 1 white eye fly. The ratio
of red eye to white eye is 3:1. The number of female is equal to the number of male. This
result supported the chromosome theory of heredity, which stated that genes and
chromosome are in pair and alleles as well as pair of homologous chromosomes both
segregate equally into gametes. Different genes behave independently as do different
chromosome pairs. The parallel behavior of genes and chromosomes have led to the
suggestion that genes are located on chromosomes. (1)

Reference
Audesirk, T., Audesirk, G., & Byers, B. E. (2008). Biology: Life on Earth with
physiology.
Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall
Griffiths et al. An introduction to Genetic Analysis. 5th Edition.

GENETICS LAB REPORT 5

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