Note: Good for thin-wall pipe only, defined as t. < (D/6).

For heavier watt pipe ose B31.3 Chapter IX (high-pressure

piping).
t* = minimum required pipe wall thickness, to be selected from
standard available commercial pipe wall schedules. Select the
first standard nominal thickness equal to or greater than the
calculated value of h (in.)
P = internal fluid design pressure (the maximum expected
sustained operation) (psig)
D = actual pipe outside diameter, as tabulated in the commercial
standards (in.)
S = allowable material operating stress per Table A- I for design
temperature (psi)
g = pipe or fitting quality factor, found in Table A-18 (dimensionless)
Y = dirnensionless coefficient. found in Table 304.1.I {varies
w/material and temperature)
c = total depth of wall metal
mechanical groove (in.)
lost to corrosion + erosion +
(This ends the internal pressure - pipe wall thickness calculation
procedure.)
RATED FLUID PRESSURE CAPABILITY OF
FLANGES CONSTRUCTED TO ASME/ANSI
STANDARD 816.5:
831.3 Table 326.1page 56 calls out ASME/ANSI Standard
816.5 "Flanges" pressure/temperature ratings.
- (s'xP') 'rere S, - (0'6XSJ
P, = gJ5o where sr = 16ni): = u0'.e909 (sr,)
P, = sustained internal fluid pressure containment capacity of
the flange operating at the specified design operating temperature
(psig)
Sr = function of basic allowable stress for the flange material
taken from 831 .3 Table A- 1, at temperatures up to but not over
600'F; for higher operating temps, Sr must be taken directly
from 816.5 ANNEX D.
Sl = basic allowable stress for the flange material, 831.3 Table
A-1; for Flange Rating, good only at temperature < 600oF as
explained aboYe.
Pn = nurr rically this is the ASME/ANSI component pressure
rating, except for the lightest duty (150-lb) flange, as listed in
the following table:
Flange Class (ASME/ANSI Rating) Value of Pn, psig
150
300
400
600
900
1,500
2,500
115
300
400
600
900
1,500
2,500
EXAMPLE #1: ASTM A-182 (I-1/4Vo Cr, ll2Vo Mo) F-11
Ctass 2 ForCed Alloy Steel, in an ASME/ANSI B16.5 CLASS
2500 construction, oper.@ 550"F.
Sr = 0.909 (SJ = 0.909 (21.3 ksi @ 550"F, Table A-1 of

831.3 Code)
= 19,362 psi allowable stress;
P, = (19,362 psi)(2,500 class)/8,750
5,532 psig operating fluid pressure capacity.
EXAMPLE #2: ASTM A-126 grade20 gray cast iron, CLASS
tSO, oper.O tOO'n.
Sl - 0.909 (SJ = 0.909 (2.0 ksi @ 100"F, Table A-1)
= 1,818 psi allowable stress;
P, = (1,818 psi)(l15y8,750
= < 24 psig operating fluid pressure capacity!! (nonshock
duty, etc.)
(This ends the flange pressure rating determination
procedure.)
831.3 CYCLIC FATIGUE PIPE STRESS
ANALYSN STRESSES DUE TO THERMAL
EXPANSION RESTRAINT AND ANCHOR.
SUPPORT DISPLACEMENT STRAIN:
The first half of the job is calculating the allowable stress
range, Ss, per Equations (1)-(3). The second half is calculating
the displacement stress range, Sg, Equations (4) - (6). By
definition, failure will be secondary, fatigue crack creation at
a point of stress concentration or metal flaw, with loss of fluid
containment (as opposed to primary first-time singleJoading
gross deformation wrecking leading to rupture).
Allowable Stress Range Sa Equations and
Procedure:
(1.a) Se = f G.25 S" + 0.25 SrJ,
or [831.3 para. 302.3.5.(d)(1a), page 18]
(1.b) SA = f 11.25 (S" + Sr,) - Sr.
1831.3 para. 302.3.5.(dx1b), page 181
Se = Allowable stress range for cyclic expansions and support