PLATE NO.

1
A PROPOSED PUBLIC MARKET
LAURON / VELASCO / ZAMORA
CABANLIT / CRISOSTOMO / LARA / VALENZONA

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Contents
INTRODUCTION _____________________________________________________ page 1
PROBLEM FORMULATION ____________________________________________ page 2
METHODOLOGY ____________________________________________________ page 3
SITE SELECTION ______________________________________________________ page 4
DEFINITION OF TERMS _______________________________________________ page 10
GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS / RELATED STUDIES ________________________ page 14
INSPIRATION _______________________________________________________ page 25
DESIGN CONCEPT__________________________________________________ page 26
REFERENCES _______________________________________________________ page 27

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

Introduction
A public market is a place where people gather for purchasing and selling
provisions, livestock, and other goods. Market places vary from country to
country. In the Philippines, they are called Palengke. It is usually composed of
dozens of stalls selling various kinds of goods from dry to wet kinds, so there is a
vast choice for quality of goods. These establishments support inexpensive
selling opportunities for small entrepreneurs. It is also a place for instilling
community spirit and cultural exchange (Pabico, 2002). In a public market,
usually, everyone knows everyone. Each vendor has their own loyal consumers.
A common meeting place for Filipinos who wants to save and socialize.

Unfortunately, public markets are now facing a problem. With the rise of the
economy, more and more malls and supermarkets are being made, attracting
the people to buy in them instead of the Palengke. Some of the public
markets are not maintained properly, which gives it a undesirable impression.
Roofs are leaking, buildings are dilapidated, and cleanliness and odor is
oftentimes an issue.

With the onslaught of malls and supermarkets, palengkes should not be left
behind. It has been a part of our Filipino culture. It can also help in promoting
tourism in the area because these establishments reflect the situation of the
area it belongs to and its people. If a visitor wants to know the character of the
place, the public market showcases and celebrates what is unique and best
about the local community (Pabico, 2002).

Page 1

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

Problem Formulation
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
With the increase of the numbers of supermarkets and malls in Cebu, the
public markets are being neglected no proper maintenance and repairs.
Most of the markets also have no proper planning of spaces and sanitation.
Congestion is also rampant. Because of these reasons, the Local Government
decided to improve the conditions of public markets in Cebu by redeveloping
existing markets.

OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT

Our proposal aims to provide a public market that:

Page 2

Promotes openness use of natural lighting and ventilation and provides

comfort to the users and the vendors
Brings together diverse people by creating active public spaces and
promotes socialization
Is flexible to future changes in the establishment and market operations
Provide proper sanitary and drainage management to promote
cleanliness in the environment

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

Methodology
RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT
Joseph Baumgarter s Learning Resource Center
The Learning Resource Center in the University of San Carlos is the biggest
library in the Philippines up to date. It has an organized collection of
information resources, digital and physical materials, which are used as
references in the research aspect of the study.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS
Online Sources
These are references taken from the internet for the needed information of the
study.
Books and Other Reading Materials
Books and reading materials are published references which contain
information related to the study. Information from these reliable sources comes
in the form of text and illustrations.
Demographics and Maps
Demographics are statistical studies of a certain population. These help
describe trends and changes in a population over time. Demographic data
are often used to develop plans and strategies of a study.

RESEARCH PROCEDURES
After gathering all the information needed, the researchers compiled all the
data to include in the research paper. The data are presented through
descriptive paragraphs and graphic presentation.

Page 3

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

SITE SELECTION
LAND USE MAP

TALAMBAN
SITE

CARBON
SITE

Page 4

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

LILOAN SITE
TALAMBAN SITE
CARBON SITE

Page 5

PLATE NO. 1
TALAMBAN, CEBU CITY
SITE VICINITY MAP

FLOOD MAP

Page 6

PUBLIC MARKET

PLATE NO. 1
CARBON, CEBU CITY
SITE VICINITY MAP

FLOOD MAP

Page 7

PUBLIC MARKET

PLATE NO. 1
LILOAN, CEBU CITY
SITE VICINITY MAP

FLOOD MAP

Page 8

PUBLIC MARKET

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

MULTI-CRITERIA ANALYSIS
1. LINK URBAN AND RURAL ECONOMIES easy accessibility for rural and urban products
2. PROMOTE PUBLIC HEALTH having clean environment and access to sanitary facilities
like garbage collection route
3. ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY FOR VENDORS number of local vendors that will have the
opportunity to earn more profit
4. AVAILABILITY OF WATER SUPPLY access to water supply is available in the area,
5. AVAILABILITY OF POWER SUPPLY - access to power and electric supply is available in the
area
6. LOCATION AND ACCESSIBILITY accessible to the road, highways and readily
accessible to the community. The location should be free from flooding and have a
proper drainage system for sanitary purposes.
7. POPULATION DENSITY number of potential users or consumers in the area determines
the effectiveness of the location of the site of a public market. The higher the
population, the higher demand of creating commercial establishments such as a
public market in the area.
8. VISIBILITY the orientation of the area ensures good visibility to potential users
9. SIZE OR LAND AREA the size of the site should be large enough to accommodate
large number of people and also enough for all planned functional requirements to be
met and for any expansion envisioned.
10. MIXED USE OPPORTUNITY various kind of commercial trade opportunities are effective
in the area.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

SITE SELECTION
CRITERIA/S
LINK URBAN AND
RURAL ECONOMIES
PROMOTE PUBLIC HEALTH
ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY
FOR VENDORS
AVAILABILITY OF WATER
SUPPLY
AVAILABILITY OF POWER
SUPPLY
LOCATION AND
ACCESSIBILITY
POPULATION DENSITY
VISIBILITY
SIZE OR LAND AREA
MIXED USE OPPURTUNITY
TOTAL

Page 9

10 %

TALAMBAN
8%

LOCATION
CARBON
8%

10 %
10 %

9%
9%

8%
10 %

9%
8%

10 %

10 %

10 %

10 %

10 %

10 %

10 %

10 %

10 %

10 %

10 %

9%

10 %
10 %
10 %
10 %
100 %

9%
9%
7%
9%
90 %

10 %
9%
9%
10 %
94 %

8%
9%
8%
8%
86 %

PERCENTAGE

LILOAN
7%

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

Definition of Terms
For the purpose of understanding, the Department of Health provided
the definition for the terms indicated below:
1. PUBLIC MARKET refers to any place, building or structure of any kind
recognized as such under existing laws or ordinances and those to be
established upon recommendation of the local government.

It

embraces all market stalls, tiendas, buildings, roads, subways, waterways,

drainage

and

other

connections,

parking

spaces

and

other

appurtenances thereto.
2. MARKET SECTION refers to the classification of a group of continuous
stalls in markets according to the kind of merchandise offered for sale
therein, to wit:
3. FISH SECTION refers to the area where only fresh fish, clams, oysters,
crabs, lobsters, shrimps, seaweeds and other seafoods and marine
products shall be sold.
4. MEAT, PORK AND DRESSED CHICKEN SECTION refers to the area where
only all kinds of meat and other meat products shall be sold provided,
that meat, pork and dressed chicken shall be separately displayed and
properly labeled.
5. DRY GOODS SECTION refers to the area where only all kinds of textiles,
readymade dresses and apparels, native products, toiletries, novelties,
footwear, laces, kitchenwares, utensils and other household articles,
handbags, and school and office supplies shall be sold.

Page 10

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

6. VEGETABLE SECTION refers to the area where only all kinds of

vegetables, fruits, coconuts and root crops such as camote, cassava,
gabi, and the like shall be sold.
7. EATERY SECTION refers to the area where only all kinds of
cooked/prepared food shall be sold. This includes refreshment parlors,
cafeterias, and other selling delicacies.
8. MISCELLANEOUS SECTION refers to the area where any other business
not classified herein above shall be allowed.
a.

BOOTH refers to an enclosure built or erected on market space

for the purpose of sale of goods/commodities/services.

b.

MARKET STALL refers to any allotted stand, space, compartment,

store or any place wherein merchandise is sold, offered for sale,
intended for such purposes in the public market.

c.

STALL HOLDER refers to the awardees of a definite space within a

public market who pays rentals thereon for the purpose of selling
his/her

d.

goods/commodities or services.

MARKET PREMISES refers to any open space in the market

compound or part of the market lot consisting of bare grounds not
covered by market days.

e.

MARKET RENTAL FEE refers to the fee paid to and collected by the
Municipal Treasurer concerned for the privilege of using public
market

f.

facilities.

AMBULANT, TRANSIENT OR ITINETANT VENDOR refers to a

vendor or seller who does not permanently occupy

a definite

place in the market but one who comes either daily or

occasionally to sell his goods.

Page 11

PLATE NO. 1
g.

PUBLIC MARKET

MARKET COMMITTEE refers to the body whose duty is to conduct

the drawing of lots and opening of bids in connection with the
adjudication of vacant or newly-constructed stalls.Public Market/s
and to certify to the Mayor, as the case may be, the

results

thereof.
h.

UNDERWEIGHING - refers to any act whereby a trader tampers

with his weighing scale, used in the business, in weighing goods,
merchandise or any item being traded in such a manner as to
defraud innocent purchases.

i.

TRADER refers to any person, wether duly licenced or not,

engaged in the business of selling foodstuffs, goods or any item,
being sold for a price based proportionally to its weight. The term
shall include sidewalk and talipapa/market vendors, sari-sari stores,
grocery stores, grains distributors and other similar merchants.

j.

MARKET VENDOR refers to any person, engaged in business at

any public or private market in the Municipality of Clarin

k.

BUTCHER refers to any person, engaged in slaughtering pigs,

beef, poultry and other livestocks.

l.

FURNITURE - refers to any movable article which includes among

others, tables, chairs, and benches, for use in the public market.

m.

TABLES AND DISPLAY COUNTERS - shall refer to all tables, cabinets

or racks used for display of markets goods, such as meat, fish, fruits,
vegetables and food.

Page 12

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

General Specifications/Related Studies

MARKET INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING GUIDE
In designing for a market, the best use of space should be taken into
consideration. The Chapter 5 of the Market Infrastructure Planning book of the
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Rome discusses about
the general factors to consider in market planning and design.

Major Influences on Market Planning

Page 13

Occasional Markets temporary markets that take place on the same

day of the week or season, or once a year. As land use becomes
increasingly constrained by land-value increases and the introduction of
land-use zoning and planning systems, it is necessary to specifically set
aside land for market development and to provide specialized
infrastructure.
Truck Stops have a profound effect on the distribution of food and this
process is continuing. Often, the trucks have effectively become mobile
workplaces, with the owners not really possessing any other business
assets.
Changing Shopping Patterns Shopping Malls and Supermarkets the
development of these establishments may completely replace the
traditional neighborhood shops and retail markets. In parallel will be the
decline of the wholesale markets serving the older retail suppliers.
Impact on Location and Market Layout the dominance of trucks lead
to the tendency of planning to provide adequate parking and to
facilitate an uninterrupted flow of goods, which led to a demand of
larger sites. The key feature of market design has become the ease of
circulation, parking and maneuvering of vehicles. How they are
designed will depend on how the produce is handled within the market.

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

Poor Marketing Conditions it is common for public markets to be in poor

conditions. The stall spaces are often limited but the demand for stalls
are high, thus the traders spill out onto adjacent streets (sometimes to
avoid fee payments).

Design Approach and Options

In preparing a development it is likely that two basic situations will need
to be considered:
Facilities at existing sites
In many cases the rehabilitation of existing markets is required. This would
be done by:

Page 14

the complete or partial replacement of existing facilities (which may

create problems of continuing the operation of a market during the
demolition and construction works);
the extension or alteration of the existing facilities (which may allow the
continuing operation of the market, but might involve too many design
and management compromises); and
the introduction of an operational technique such as facilities
management, which is a system that monitors the use of services to
ensure that spaces are utilized as effectively and economically as
possible to create an acceptable internal and external environment. This
technique may be an alternative to the creation of new facilities or may
be implemented in addition to other measures.

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

Facilities at a new location

If an existing site becomes unsuitable or there is a need to create a
completely new facility, this could be done by:

the construction of new market facilities (at a green field site); or

the conversion and adaptation of existing facilities (for example where
an existing central food distribution warehouse or other building is
converted into a market).

The Site Location and Planning Strategy Site Location

Preferred Location for Markets
Good access to a main road system
Compatible adjacent land uses (such as catering and agribusiness
industries)
Convenient for customers preferably within walking distance of
lower-income housing areas
Internal Traffic Flows and Congestion
-

Problems often occur where access is limited to only one operating entry
and exit and uses gate to control entry in order to maximize revenues

Market Lay-out
Market operations need to achieve:
-

Page 15

An unobstructed traffic circulation pattern and effective parking control

with adequate parking facilities being provided
Maximum possibility for interaction between market users leading to the
possibility of price formation
Provision and full utilization of support facilities
Adequate arrangements for display and sale to produce to maintain
produce quality
Efficient produce handling (such as pallets and forklifts)

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

CODE OF SANITATION OF THE PHILIPPINES

SECTION 3: PRESCRIBED STANDARDS OF CONSTRUCTION FOR MARKETS
SITE REQUIREMENTS

The market shall be located at least 50 meters from schools,

religious institutions, public offices, funeral establishments, and
other public gathering places and 25 meters from the abattoirs
and other possible sources of contamination.

It shall be easily accessible to the public and conveyances or

vehicles.

The site shall be considered in relation to future town or city

development plan.

It shall not be located in areas subject to flooding.

Water and power supplies shall be available within the area.

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

The materials used for construction of the market shall be durable.

The building shall be adequate size as to allow smooth flow and

convenient movement of both stall holders.

The minimum area of each stall be 3.10 sq. m

The minimum width of each aisle shall be 1.20 m.

All angles bet. Floors and walls shall be rounded off to a height of
not less than 7.62 cm from the floor.

Page 16

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

The wall and the partitions shall be constructed of impervious and

non-toxic materials to a height of not less than 1.22 m from the
floor.

Walls shall be painted with light colors.

Display tables and counters of stall for carinderia, fish, meat and
entrails sections shall be made of impervious materials.

Display tables and counters for fish, meat and entrails sections shall
be provided with adequate and approved table drain.

Display table shall be made entirely open beneath 75 cm. in

height without drawers.

It shall be provided with permanent roof.

All areas shall be properly lighted either by natural or artificial light.

There shall be a minimum area of 0.74 sq.m of open space per

customer.

All markets shall be provided with a fire exits in accordance with

the provisions of the Fire Code of the Philippines (P.D 1185) and its
implementing rules and regulations.

For security purposes markets shall be enclosed by fence with a

height of atleast 2 m and gates with lock.

SECTIONING OR ZONING
The market shall be provided into different sections according to

the kind of merchandise offered for sale.

STALLS

Page 17

Every section shall be provided with stalls.

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

Tables used in stalls for food, fish, shellfish, meat and entrails shall
be elevated to atleast 0.75 m from the floor.

SECTION 4: SANITARY FACILITIES REQUIREMENTS FOR MARKETS

WATER SUPPLY

There shall be sufficient supply of potable water in the market.

The quality of water used within the market shall be in accordance

with the Philippine National Standards for Drinking Water.

Each carinderia, fish, meat and entrails sections shall be provided

with piped water supply facilities.

There shall be adequate number of water pipe outlets for easy

cleaning of the market.

SEWAGE DISPOSAL AND DRAINAGE

It shall be disposed to a public sewage system.

There shall be enough drainage facilities in the market and its

premises. At least one floor drain shall be provided in every 46.5 sq.
m. Slope shall not be less than 2.05 cm/m to the drainage inlet.

All floor drains shall be provided with a deep seal trap.

TOILET AND HAND- WASHING FACILITIES

The plan of each toilet shall be approved by the local health

officer as recommended by the sanitary engineer in accordance
with DOH standards.

Page 18

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

Adequate hand-washing facilities shall be provided within or

adjacent to toilet rooms.

Toilet and hand-washing facilities shall be located within the

market area to cater to the public.

All toilets and hand-washing facilities shall be kept sanitary at all

times.

Page 19

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT

Proper solid waste management shall be instituted in the market

in accordance with the pertinent provisions of Chapter XVIII
Refuse Disposal of the Code on Sanitation of the Philippines
(P.D. 856) and its implementing rules and regulations.

MARKET PREMISES

Adequate numbers of refuse bins.

A shredding space shall be allocated in the market premises.

STALLS

Each stall shall be provided with at least 2 covered refused

receptacles lined with green-colored plastic bag.

Solid wastes shall be collected daily or more often as necessary.

VERMIN CONTROL

Proper vermin abatement programs shall be instituted in the

market in accordance with the pertinent provisions of Chapter XVI

Page 20

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

Vermin Control of the Code on Sanitation of the Philippines (P.D.

856) and its implementing rules and regulations.

The establishment shall be kept free from vermin.

The growth of the grasses shall be controlled to prevent

harborage of ticks.

SECTION 5: SPECIFIC SANITARY REQUIREMENTS FOR MARKETS

PERISHABLE FOOD SECTONS

All food shall come from the approved sources.

All meat shall come from duly licensed slaughterhouses and

properly stamped or branded and issued with Meat Inspection
Certificate.

All sea foods shall not come from polluted sources.

Vegetables and fruits shall come from safe sources where the soil
is not contaminated by night soil, sewage and toxic chemicals.

MEAT STALLS

Meat stalls shall be located separate from fish stalls.

Meat shall be kept clean, sanitary and free from vermin at all
times.

FISH STALLS

Page 21

It shall be located separate from the meat section.

It shall be kept clean.

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

DRY GOODS SECTIONS

It shall be arranged that the aisles and passageways will not be

obstructed to allow smooth flow of customers.

It shall be kept clean.

STALLS

All market store shall have sanitary permit.

No stall shall be assigned either temporarily or permanently.

No person shall alter, disfigure, and add to, or change the

structure of any stall or market fixture without written permission
from the local health authority.

OTHER MARKET SPACES

No obstruction of any kind shall be allowed on the aisles or

passageways.

The sale of any article on alleys, sidewalks or any space other than
the stalls in no case be permitted.

Keeping of animals and fowls not intended for sale shall not be
allowed inside the market.

No children shall be allowed to play in or around stalls or in the

market premises.

Page 22

PLATE NO. 1
CATEGORIES OF MARKET STALLS
A. DRY SECTION
1. Groceries
2. Food and Pastries
3. RTWs and Textile
4. General Merchandise
5. Footwear and Leather Goods
6. Rice, Grains, Cereals and Poultry Supply
7. Boutique, Jewelry, Novelties, Gift Shops
8. High School and Office Supplies
9. Other Services
B. WET SECTION
1. Food Stalls
2. Meat and Poultry
3. Fish and Other Marine Products
4. Fruits and Vegetables
5. Miscellaneous Items

Page 23

PUBLIC MARKET

PLATE NO. 1
Inspiration
"Courtyard that will act as a central part of the market"

Page 24

PUBLIC MARKET

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

Design Concept
The origami is often associated with the Japanese culture. Japanese are
known for their organization and order. In our design, we decided to use the
origami as a symbol for organization and order. Our concept is to incorporate
this idea into our planning and design. We want to change the image of public
markets from being dirty, congested and dilapidated to clean, comfortable,
and aesthetically pleasing.
The market would also be reflective of the Filipinos trait of wanting to connect
with others; so our plan is to provide an active public space where people will
gather for trade and socialization a central mini park/garden which may also
serve as a reference point for navigation around the market. The arrangement
of the stalls would be organized so as to promote cleanliness and easy
circulation around the area. Our main objective is to optimize the use of
natural lighting and ventilation to be able to create an eco-friendly
establishment.

Page 25

PLATE NO. 1

PUBLIC MARKET

Reference
Pabico, Alecks. (2002). Death of the Palengke. Society. Philippine Center for
Investigative Journalism; Vol. 8 No. 3. Retrieved November 18, 2014:
http://pcij.org/imag/Society/palengke.html

Tracey-White, J. (1999). Market Infrastructure Planning: A Guide for Decision Makers.

Retrieved
November
18,
2014:
http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/x4026e/x4026e06.htm#bm06.2

Volcano-Tectonics Laboratory: Philippine Flood Hazard Maps. Retrieved November 19,

2014: http://www.nababaha.com/flood/cebu/cebu.htm

Department of Health. Code on Sanitation of the Philippines. Chapter IV: Markets and
Abbatoirs.
Retrieved
November
17,
2014:
http://www.doh.gov.ph/sites/default/files/Chapter%204.%20Markets%20and%20Abatt
oirs_1.pdf

Infiesto, Isabelo. (2010). Ordinance Adopting the Market Code of Clarin. Retrieved
November 20, 2014: http://www.clarin.gov.ph/wpcontent/uploads/2011/01/MUNICIPAL-ORDINANCE-NO.-03-MARKET-CODE.doc

Page 26