AASHTO T-3 TRIAL DESIGN BRIDGE DESCRIPTION

State: Illinois
Trial Design Designation: IL-2
Bridge Name:
Superstructure Type: Simply supported steel wide flange with concrete deck
Span Length(s): 62.0 ft. - 77.0 ft. - 62.0 ft. (total 201.0 ft.)
Substructure Type: Drop cap supported on 4 reinforced concrete columns with
monolithic connections at the column top and bottom
Foundation: Steel piles at the abutments and bents
Abutments: Seat type supported on steel piles
Seismic Design Category (SDC): C
Seismic Design Strategy (Type 1, 2 or 3): Type 1
Design Spectral Acceleration at 1-second Period (SD1): 0.487g
Additional Description (Optional): Bridge simplified with an assumed zero degree
skew.

Bridge No.:
Description:

Transverse Base Sh & Displ Pg. 1

2 Template For Transverse Seismic Calculations
3-Span Wide Flange with Cicrular Pier Columns and Steel Piles at Piers and Abutments
(Skew Simplified to 0 degrees)

60 ft. 5 in.

62 ft.

77 ft.

4 ft.

62 ft.
Varies

2 ft. 2 in.
4 ft.
2 ft. 3 in.

Design Response Specturm

Transverse Base Sh & Displ Pg. 2

SDC and Other Pertinent Design Spectrum Information

SD1 =

0.487 g

Seismic Design Category C

SDS =
End
Plateau

1.128 g

0.3g <=
0.487g
(Imbsen Table 3.5-1)

< 0.5 g

0.432 Seconds

Chosen Location for Bridge Study and 0.2 Second 1000 year Accleration Map (2006 Map)

Seismic Design Location

Transverse Base Sh & Displ Pg. 3

Simple Cross Section of Deck
42 ft.
3

1 in. Added Surface

7 in.

6 spaces @ 6 ft. = 36 ft.

Weight of Super and Sub Structure for Seismic Calculations

Beams
No. Beams
Beam Spacing
Wt. of 1 Beam
Wt. Tot. Beams
Th. of Slab
Th. of Surface
Width
Wt. of Slab

W36 x 170
7.00
6.00 ft.
0.17 k/ft.
1.19 k/ft.
7.50
1.50
42.00
4.73

in.
in.
ft.
k/ft.

1.0 ft.

1.35 ft.

0.83 ft.

Parapet
Area 1
Area 2
Area 3
Total Area
Wt. of Parapet

1.12
0.56
0.83
2.51
0.38

Cross Frames
And Bracing
(est. as 5%
of Steel)

5.00 %
0.06 k/ft

Steel Parapet
Rail
(est. as 2%
of Steel)

2.00 %
0.02 k/ft

Cap Beam
Length
Width
Height
Wt. of 1 Beam
Wt. of 2 Beams

0.83 ft.

ft^2
ft^2
ft^2
ft^2
k/ft.

2
1.66 ft.

60 ft. 5 in.
4 ft.
Varies

60.42
2.50
4.00
90.63
181.26

ft.
ft.
ft.
kips
kips

2 ft. 2 in.
4 ft.
2 ft. 3 in.

Transverse Base Sh & Displ Pg. 4

Weight of Super and Sub Structure for Seismic Calculations (Cont.)
1/2 of Columns
Diameter
Height
Wt. of 1 Col.
No. of Columns
Wt. of 8 Col.

2.17
8.38
4.65
8
37.17

Total Wt.
for Seismic
Calculations
Super Length
Total Weight

ft.
ft.
kips
kips

201 ft.
1575 kips

Transverse Period Calculation

Pier Stiffness
Transverse
Direction
f'c
Ec
col
Ic
IcEFF
No. columns
4 x IcEFF
hc

kc =

12 E c Ic
h 3c

Ec =

57000

col
2
Ic =
4

f c'

1000

3500 psi
3372 ksi
2.17 ft
4
22432 in
4
15702 in cracked section (varies from 0.4 to 0.7 Ic)
4
62809 in4 cracked section (varies from 0.4 to 0.7 Ic)
300 inches (clear column height)

kc

24 k/in

kpier

94 k/in

I of Superstructure
Transverse
Es

29000 ksi

f'c

3000 psi

Ec
n (mod. Ratio)
I slab

3122 ksi
9.3
4
80015040 in
2
361.4 in

AreaParapet
Area 1 Beam
AreaSteel Bm

Area Steel Beam =

2
50 in
2
232.2 in (Transformed)

n Area
2

Transf. Area with 50% Shear Lag

Transverse Base Sh & Displ Pg. 5

Transverse Period Calculation (Cont.)
Momen of Inertia of Superstructure Table
I0 (In4)
No.
Parapet
2
---Slab
1
80015040
Steel 1
2
---Steel 2
2
---Steel 3
2
----

A (in2)
361.44
---232.2
232.2
232.2

2
4
I (in4)
x bar (in) A (x bar) (in )
240
20818944
41637888
---80015040
80015040
72 1203836.526 2407673.05
144 4815346.106 9630692.21
216 10834528.74 21669057.5

ITotal
ATotal

4
1.554E+08 in
2
6884 in

Model the Bridge Transversely with I total of the Superstr. and Springs for the Abutment Piles and Pier Cols.
ITotal

kpier

kA

62 ft. = 744 in.

kpier

77 ft. = 924 in.

kA

62 ft. = 744 in.

201 ft. = 2412 in.

Estimate the Abutment Pile Transverse Stiffness

kA
1000 k/in
Solve for the Displacement from Simple Model Above as Outlined Below for a 1 k/in Uniform Load
Find the Deflection at the Center of the Bridge Assuming No Piers and Infinitely Stiff Abutments
w
L
Ec
ITotal
c

1 k/in
2412 in
3122 ksi
4
1.554E+08 in

C =

5 w L4
384 E c ITotal

0.909 in

Find the Deflection Along the Bridge Assuming an Infinitely Stiff Superstr., No Piers, and Abut. Springs
w
L
kA

1 k/in
2412 in
1000 k/in

1.206 in

0.909

1.206

w L
e = 2

kA

Transverse Base Sh & Displ Pg. 6

Transverse Period Calculation (Cont.)
Find the Total Estimated Displacement Without the Piers
T = c + e

2.115 in

Find the Estimated Deflection at the Center of the Bridge for a Two Point Load at Piers with Infinitely Stiff Abuts.
In Terms of an Applied Load "P".
P

vc

L 2a

a and x

a and x

L
x
a
Ec

2412
744
744
3122

in
in
in
ksi
4
1.554E+08 in

ITotal
vc

Pa
3 L2 4 a 2
24 E c ITotal

vc =

0.0009740 P

Find the Estimated Deflection at the Pier of the Bridge for a Two Point Load at Piers with Infinitely Stiff Abuts.
In Terms of an Applied Load "P".
P

vp

a and x

L 2a

a and x

L
x
a
Ec
ITotal
vp

2412
744
744
3122

in
in
in
ksi
4
1.554E+08 in
0.0008103 P

vp =

P x
3 L a 3 a2 x2
6 E c ITotal

Transverse Base Sh & Displ Pg. 7

Transverse Period Calculation (Cont.)
Find the Estimated Uniform Deflection for a Two Point Load at Piers with Springs at Abuts.
In Terms of an Applied Load "P".
P

ve

kA

1000 k/in

ve

0.001 P

ve = P

kA

Find the Fraction of the Estimated Pier Deflection at the Piers Versus that at Center Span
vc

0.0009740 P

vp

0.0008103 P

ve
fr

0.001 P
0.917

fr =

ve + vp
ve + vc

Find the Pier Reactions (V 0) in Terms of max, the Actual Estimated Deflection of the Bridge
fr
kpier

0.917
94 k/in
86.3 max

V0

V0 = fr max k pier

Solve for max:

ve + vc

Set:
P = V0

Therefore:
ve + vc

ve + vc

0.001974 P

86.3 max

0.001974

86.3

max

0.170408 max

And:
The Actual Estimated Delfection of the Bridge is the Deflection Without Piers Minus the
Contribution with the Piers
max

0.170408 max

max

2.115

1.170408

max

1.807 in

Transverse Base Sh & Displ Pg. 8

Transverse Period Calculation (Cont.)
Solve for the "Equivalent Stiffness" of the Bridge in the Transverse Direction
w
L
max

1 k/in
2412 in
1.807 in

kBridge

1335 k/in

k Bridge =

w L
max

Solve for the Period T

Tot. Weight (W)
g
kBridge
T

1575
386.4
1335.016
0.35

kips
in/sec2
k/in
seconds

T = 2

W
g k Bridge

Transverse Seismic Force On Superstructure (Base Shear)

0.35
Therefore:

<

0.432 seconds

112.8% of the Mass is "Effective" and the Total Seismic Load in the Transverse Direction is:

1.128

1575 =

or:
1777

2412

1777 kips (Base Shear)

0.74 k/in (Base Shear)

Transverse Seismic Force on Pier (Base Shear)

VBase Shear P =

0.74

VBase Shear P =

1.807

115 kips

Transverse Seismic Force on Abutments (Base Shear)

VBase Shear A =

1777

VBase Shear A =

115

1.22 in.

774 kips

Transverse Seismic Displacement of Pier

PierT =

115

94

86.3

Transverse Base Sh & Displ Pg. 9

Bridge No.:
Description:

2
Transverse Summary
3-Span Wide Flange with Cicrular Pier Columns and Steel Piles at Piers and Abutments
(Skew Simplified to 0 degrees)

60 ft. 5 in.
77 ft.

62 ft.

4 ft.

62 ft.
Varies

2 ft. 2 in.
4 ft.
2 ft. 3 in.

Summary of Transverse Periods, Deflections and Base Shears for 16 Cases

Imbsen Fig. 5.4
Column
Height
(ft.)
10

15

20

25

Steel
Ratio
(Ast/Ag)
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04

Fraction
of Ig
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7

Trans.
Period
(Sec.)
0.24
0.22
0.21
0.20
0.31
0.30
0.29
0.28
0.34
0.34
0.33
0.33
0.36
0.35
0.35
0.35

Trans.
Deflection
(in)
0.57
0.49
0.44
0.39
0.98
0.91
0.85
0.80
1.20
1.15
1.11
1.07
1.30
1.27
1.25
1.22

Transverse
Base Shear
Pier
(kips)
476
517
549
574
245
284
318
348
126
152
175
197
70
86
101
115

Transverse
Base Shear
Abutments
(kips)
412
371
340
315
643
604
570
540
762
737
713
691
819
803
788
774

Long. Base Sh & Displ Pg. 1

2 Template For Longitudinal Seismic Calculations
3-Span Wide Flange with Cicrular Pier Columns and Steel Piles at Piers and Abutments
(Skew Simplified to 0 degrees)

Bridge No.:
Description:

62 ft.

77 ft.

62 ft.

Weight of
Superstructure
Total Weight

1575 kips

Longitudinal Period Calculation

Pier Stiffness
Longitudinal
Direction

Ec
c

57000 fc'
1000

c
c

Contribution from Column

f'c
Ec
col
Ic
IcEFF
No. columns
4 x IcEFF
hc

3500 psi
3372 ksi
2.17 ft
4
22570 in
4
15799 in cracked section (Varies from 0.4 to 0.7 Ic)
4
4
63196.3288 in cracked section (Varies from 0.4 to 0.7 Ic)
300 inches (clear column height)

kc

6 k/in

kcols

24 k/in

Pier Des. Forces Pg. 1

2 Template For Seismic Pier Design Force Calculations
Bridge No.:
Description 3-Span Wide Flange with Cicrular Pier Columns and Steel Piles at Piers and Abutments
(Skew Simplified to 0 degrees)

60 ft. 5 in.
4 ft.
Varies

62 ft.

77 ft.

62 ft.

2 ft. 2 in.
4 ft.
2 ft. 3 in.

Pier Forces
Dead
Dead Load Total
Bridge Length
Dead Load per ft.
Dead Load per pier
No. of Columns
Dead Ld. Per Col.
Plus 1/2 1 Col.
Design Dead

1575
201
7.84
605.5
4
151.4
4.65
156.0

kips
ft.
k/ft
kips

1
5

DL per pier = w L OuterSpan + L CenterSpan

2
8

w = Dead Load per ft.

kips
kips
kips

Transverse Overturning
Sp

arm

PST

PST
0.33PST

0.33PST

M = S p arm

M = 2 (PST 3 2 d ) +
2 ( 1 3 PST

PST =

3 M
10 d

d)

Pier Des. Forces Pg. 2

Transverse Overturning (Cont.)
SP (Pier Base Shear)
arm
d
M
PST

115
8
14.67
919.3
18.8

kips
ft.
ft.
k-ft.
kips

Frame Action Transverse

MST

S
VST = P
SP (Pier Base Shear)
No. of Columns
Column Height (h)
VST (Shear per col)

115 kips
4
25.00 ft
28.7 kips

MST (Mom. per col)

359.1 k-ft

VST

V
M ST = ST

4
h
2

VST

MST

VST =
VST

VST

VST

SP

4
VST

0.4VSB
VSB
2MSB/3

0.4VSB
MSB/3
0.6PSB

MST

d
PSB
VSB
MST

VSB
MSB

M SB = M ST ; PSB = VSB

2MSB/3

Note: VST not shown for

clarity

d
MST (Mom. per col)
PSB

14.67 ft.
359.1 k-ft
40.9 kips

PSB

M ST +

2 M ST

3 = 1 . 67 M ST
d
d
= Tension far left col. &

PSB =

& Comp. far right col.

MSB/3

Pier Des. Forces Pg. 3

Longitudinal Shear and Moments (Simple Cantilever Statics)
SL (Pier Base Shear)
No. of Col.
Cap arm
Col arm (h)
VSL

187
4
4
25.00
46.7

MColTop (SLT)

186.9 k-ft.

MColBot (SLB)

1354.8 k-ft.

kips
ft.
ft.
kips

P- Moment Amplification for Column Design

Assume

1.05 for all cases

R-Factor
Assume

R=

3.5 for Transverse and Longitudinal Moments

Design Axial Forces and Moments For Columns (Orthogonally Combined)

Axial Force Combinatio ns - Transverse Direction Dominant

PDesignT = PDeadMax PST PSB
Axial Force Combinatio ns - Longitudin al Direction Dominant
PDesignL = PDeadMax 0.3PST 0.3PSB
Note : PST and PSB can either positive negative or zero depending on the column
P Amplified and R - Factor Reduced Moment Combinatio ns - Transverse Dir. Dom.

MST
+ 0.3 MSLB
MDesignT =

R Transverse
R Longitudinal

P Amplified and R - Factor Reduced Moment Combinatio ns - Longitudin al Dir. Dom.

0.3 MST
+ MSLB
MDesignL =

R Transverse
R
Longitudin
al

R Transverse

R Longitudin al

Design Axial Forces and Moments For Columns (Orthogonally Combined) (Cont.)
Transverse Dominant (Load Case 1)
Column
PDesignT

1
96.3

2
174.3

3
137.7

4
215.7 kips

MDesignT

162.7

162.7

162.7

162.7 k-ft.

Longitudinal Dominant (Load Case 2)

Column
PDesignL

1
138.1

2
161.5

3
150.5

4
173.9 kips

MDesignL

407.7

407.7

407.7

407.7 k-ft.

Elastic (Not combined Orthogonal Shears)

Transverse
VST

28.7 kips

Longitudinal
VSL

46.7 kips

Pier Des. Forces Pg. 4

Pier Des. Forces Pg. 5

2
Seismic Pier Design Force Summary
Bridge No.:
Description 3-Span Wide Flange with Cicrular Pier Columns and Steel Piles at Piers and Abutments
(Skew Simplified to 0 degrees)

Summary of Seismic Design Pier Forces for 16 Cases

Imbsen Fig. 5.4
Column
Height
(ft.)
10

15

20

25

Steel
Ratio
(Ast/Ag)
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04

Fraction
of Ig
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7

Imbsen Fig. 5.4

Column
Height
(ft.)
10

15

20

25

Steel
Ratio
(Ast/Ag)
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04

Fraction
of Ig
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7

Transverse Dominant (Load Case 1)

Col 1
Col 2
Col 3
Col 4
Col 1 to 4
PDesignT
PDesignT
PDesignT
MDesignT
PDesignT
(kips)
10.3
-2.3
-11.9
-19.5
63.5
48.7
35.9
24.8
99.5
88.1
77.5
67.7
119.6
111.5
103.8
96.3

(kips)
171.0
172.3
173.2
174.0
174.2
177.1
179.6
181.8
170.7
173.7
176.5
179.0
167.2
169.7
172.1
174.3

(kips)
141.1
139.8
138.8
138.0
137.8
134.9
132.4
130.2
141.3
138.3
135.6
133.0
144.8
142.4
140.0
137.7

(kips)
301.7
314.3
323.9
331.6
248.5
263.3
276.1
287.3
212.6
224.0
234.6
244.4
192.4
200.5
208.3
215.7

(k-ft)
236.4
260.0
279.8
297.1
184.3
210.5
233.5
254.0
140.7
162.7
183.1
202.0
113.2
130.6
147.1
162.7

Longitudinal Dominant (Load Case 2)

Col 1
Col 2
Col 3
Col 4
Col 1 to 4
PDesignL
PDesignL
PDesignL
MDesignL
PDesignL
(kips)
112.3
108.5
105.6
103.4
128.3
123.8
120.0
116.6
139.1
135.6
132.5
129.5
145.1
142.7
140.3
138.1

(kips)
160.5
160.9
161.2
161.4
161.5
162.3
163.1
163.8
160.4
161.3
162.2
162.9
159.4
160.1
160.8
161.5

(kips)
151.5
151.1
150.8
150.6
150.6
149.7
148.9
148.3
151.6
150.7
149.9
149.1
152.7
151.9
151.2
150.5

(kips)
199.7
203.5
206.4
208.7
183.8
188.2
192.0
195.4
173.0
176.4
179.6
182.5
166.9
169.4
171.7
173.9

(k-ft)
518.9
580.0
635.1
685.8
409.7
458.2
502.1
542.4
348.2
389.5
426.9
461.2
307.9
344.3
377.3
407.7

Trans.
Elastic
Shear
Per Col.
(kips)
119.1
129.3
137.2
143.4
61.3
71.1
79.6
87.0
31.5
37.9
43.8
49.3
17.5
21.4
25.1
28.7
Long.
Elastic
Shear
Per Col.
(kips)
122.9
137.4
150.5
162.6
71.5
79.9
87.6
94.6
48.2
53.9
59.0
63.8
35.3
39.5
43.3
46.7

Pier Col Vert Reinf. Des. Pg. 1

Bridge No.:
2 Force Based Pier Vertical Reinforcment Design for 4 Col. Heights
Description: 3-Span Wide Flange with Cicrular Pier Columns and Steel Piles at Piers and Abutments
(Skew Simplified to 0 degrees)
( = 1.0 for Design)
Col. Height
Assumed Columns are
"Half Cracked" for Design

10 ft.
0.5 Ic

Computer Program Design Dialog Box

Computer Program Column Design Envelope

Ast
Ag
Ast/Ag

2
12.7 in
2
530.9 in
2.4 %

Pier Col Vert Reinf. Des. Pg. 2

Bridge No.:
2
Force Based Pier Vertical Reinforcment Design for 4 Col. Heights
Description: 3-Span Wide Flange with Cicrular Pier Columns and Steel Piles at Piers and Abutments
(Skew Simplified to 0 degrees)
( = 1.0 for Design)
Col. Height
Assumed Columns are
"Half Cracked" for Design

15 ft.
0.5 Ic

Computer Program Design Dialog Box

Computer Program Column Design Envelope

Ast
Ag
Ast/Ag

2
10.0 in
2
530.9 in
1.9 %

Pier Col Vert Reinf. Des. Pg. 3

Bridge No.:
2
Force Based Pier Vertical Reinforcment Design for 4 Col. Heights
Description: 3-Span Wide Flange with Cicrular Pier Columns and Steel Piles at Piers and Abutments
(Skew Simplified to 0 degrees)
( = 1.0 for Design)
Col. Height
Assumed Columns are
"Half Cracked" for Design

20 ft.
0.5 Ic

Computer Program Design Dialog Box

Computer Program Column Design Envelope

Ast
Ag
Ast/Ag

2
8.0 in
2
530.9 in
1.5 %

Vert. Bar Spacing

Just Larger than 8 in.
Say OK

Pier Col Vert Reinf. Des. Pg. 4

Bridge No.:
2
Force Based Pier Vertical Reinforcment Design for 4 Col. Heights
Description: 3-Span Wide Flange with Cicrular Pier Columns and Steel Piles at Piers and Abutments
(Skew Simplified to 0 degrees)
( = 1.0 for Design)
Col. Height
Assumed Columns are
"Half Cracked" for Design

25 ft.
0.5 Ic

Computer Program Design Dialog Box

Computer Program Column Design Envelope

Ast
Ag
Ast/Ag

2
6.3 in
2
530.9 in
1.2 %

Vert. Bar Spacing

Just Larger than 8 in.
Say OK

Bridge No.:
Description:

Pier Displ Check Pg. 1

2 Imbsen Displ. Checks for 16 Cases (& Force Based Design Comparisons)
3-Span Wide Flange with Cicrular Pier Columns and Steel Piles at Piers and Abutments
(Skew Simplified to 0 degrees)

60 ft. 5 in.
4 ft.
Varies

62 ft.

77 ft.

62 ft.

2 ft. 2 in.
4 ft.
2 ft. 3 in.

Scratch Calculation Table

Imbsen Section 4.8
Column
Column
Height
Diameter

(ft)
10
15
20
25

(ft)
2.17
2.17
2.17
2.17

H/100

(in)
1.20
1.80
2.40
3.00

x
FixedFixed

0.43
0.29
0.22
0.17

Delta
Calc.
Fixed Fixed
(in)
0.86
2.99
5.59
8.54

Delta
Allow.
Fixed Fixed
(in)
1.20
2.99
5.59
8.54

H/100

(in)
1.20
1.80
2.40
3.00

x
FixedPinned

0.22
0.14
0.11
0.09

Delta
Calc.
Fixed Pinned
(in)
2.79
5.88
9.45
13.36

Delta
Allow.
Fixed Pinned
(in)
2.79
5.88
9.45
13.36

Pier Displ Check Pg. 2

Transverse Direction
Imbsen Fig. 5.4
Column
Height
(ft.)
10

15

20

25

Steel
Ratio
(Ast/Ag)
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04

Fraction
of Ig
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7

Trans.
Period
(Sec.)
0.24
0.22
0.21
0.20
0.31
0.30
0.29
0.28
0.34
0.34
0.33
0.33

Trans.
Deflection
(in)
0.57
0.49
0.44
0.39
0.98
0.91
0.85
0.80
1.20
1.15
1.11
1.07

0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04

0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7

0.36
0.35
0.35
0.35

1.30
1.27
1.25
1.22

Imbsen Sec. 4.3.3

Short
Period
Trans
Ampl.
Des. Defl.
(in)
1.86
1.06
2.00
0.98
2.08
0.91
2.17
0.85
1.52
1.49
1.56
1.42
1.60
1.36
1.64
1.31
1.41
1.69
1.41
1.62
1.44
1.60
1.44
1.55
1.35
1.38
1.38
1.38

1.76
1.75
1.73
1.68

Longitudinal Direction
Imbsen Fig. 5.4
Column
Height
(ft.)
10

15

20

25

Steel
Ratio
(Ast/Ag)
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04

Fraction
of Ig
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7

Long.
Period
(Sec.)
0.78
0.70
0.64
0.59
1.34
1.20
1.10
1.01
1.99
1.78
1.62
1.50
2.72
2.43
2.22
2.05

Uncombined Req. Seismic

Longitudinal
Ast/Ag
Long.
Allowable
Force
Deflection Deflection
Based
(in)
(in)
Design
3.72
2.79
3.33
2.79
0.024
3.04
2.79
2.81
2.79
6.39
5.88
5.72
5.88
0.019
5.22
5.88
4.83
5.88
9.48
9.45
8.48
9.45
0.015
7.74
9.45
7.17
9.45
12.95
13.36
11.58
13.36
0.012
10.57
13.36
9.79
13.36

Uncombined Req. Seismic

Trans
Ast/Ag
Allow.
Force
Des. Defl.
Based
(in)
Design
1.20
1.20
0.024
1.20
1.20
2.99
2.99
0.019
2.99
2.99
5.59
5.59
0.015
5.59
5.59
8.54
8.54
8.54
8.54

0.012

Pier Displ Check Pg. 3

Orthongonally Combined
Imbsen Fig. 5.4

Column
Height
(ft.)
10

15

20

25

Steel
Ratio
(Ast/Ag)
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04

Ld. Case 1 Ld. Case 1 Ld. Case 2

Trans.
Trans.
Long.
Dominant Dominant Dominant
Fraction Combined Combined Combined
of Ig
Allowable
(in)
(in)
(in)
0.4
1.54
1.46
3.73
0.5
1.40
1.46
3.34
0.6
1.29
1.46
3.05
0.7
1.19
1.46
2.82
0.4
2.43
3.47
6.41
0.5
2.22
3.47
5.74
0.6
2.07
3.47
5.24
0.7
1.96
3.47
4.85
0.4
3.31
6.27
9.49
0.5
3.02
6.27
8.49
0.6
2.82
6.27
7.75
0.7
2.65
6.27
7.18
0.4
4.26
9.43
12.96
0.5
3.89
9.43
11.59
0.6
3.61
9.43
10.58
0.7
3.39
9.43
9.80

Ld. Case 2
Long.
Dominant
Combined
Allowable
(in)
2.82
2.82
2.82
2.82
5.95
5.95
5.95
5.95
9.59
9.59
9.59
9.59
13.61
13.61
13.61
13.61

Required
Seismic
Ast/Ag
Force
Based
Design
0.024

0.019

0.015

0.012

Pier Col Sh Reinf Design Pg. 1

Bridge No.:
2 Pier Shear Reinforcement Design
Description: 3-Span Wide Flange with Cicrular Pier Columns and Steel Piles at Piers and Abutments
(Skew Simplified to 0 degrees)
Pier Column Shear Reinforcement Design
For simplicity, use the elastic seismic design forces
Perform basic desgin in plastic hinging region only (reinf. for confinement)
For all columns, take the shear strength of the concrete as zero (0)
= 1.0 for Design Initially
Equations and Methods (LRFD and Imbsen - Both are Similar for Simple Design)
LRFD 5.10.11.4.1e

Max. Spacing of Spirals =

LRFD 5.10.11.4.1d

Minimum Reinforcment #1

f'c =
fy =
s min =

LRFD 5.7.4.6

Imbsen 8.6.6

LRFD 5.8.3.4.1

3500
60000
530.9
415.5
0.0073

fc'
fy

'
A
f
s 0.45 g
1 c
Ac
fy h

psi
psi
in2
in2

Minimum Reinfocement #2
s min =

s 0.12

3500 psi
60000 psi
0.0070

Minimum Reinfocement #2

f'c =
fyh =
Ag =
Ac =
s min =

4 in.

s 0.004

0.0040

Simplified Shear Procedure for Non-Prestressed Sections

Vs =
Av =
fy =
dv =
s=
Vs =

0.62
60
18.72
4
174

in
ksi
in
in
kips

A v fy dv
s

(#5 bars)
(0.72h LRFD 5.8.2.9)

Imbsen 8.6.3

Shear Strength of Steel

Pier Col Sh Reinf Design Pg. 2

A v f y hD

Vs =
2 s
Av =
fyh =
D=
s=
Vs =

0.31
60
26
4
190

in2
ksi
in
in
kips

LRFD s Provided

(#5 bars according to Imbsen 8.26)

(Imbsen means full col dia.?)

s =
Asp =
s=
Dcore =
s prov =

0.31
4
23
0.0135

in2
in
in
OK

Asp =
s=
D=
s prov =

0.31
4
26
0.0119

in2
in
in
OK

4 A sp
sDcore

Imbsen s Provided

s =

4 A sp
sD

(Imbsen means full col dia.?)

Summary of Shear Reinforcement Designs (LRFD and Imbsen) for 16 Cases

Using #5 Spirals at Max. Spacing of 4 in.
Imbsen Fig. 5.4
Column
Height
(ft.)
10

15

20

25

Steel
Ratio
(Ast/Ag)
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04

Fraction
of Ig
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7

Trans.
Elastic
Shear
Per Col.
(kips)
119.1
129.3
137.2
143.4
61.3
71.1
79.6
87.0
31.5
37.9
43.8
49.3
17.5
21.4
25.1
28.7

Long.
Elastic
Shear
Per Col.
(kips)
122.9
137.4
150.5
162.6
71.5
79.9
87.6
94.6
48.2
53.9
59.0
63.8
35.3
39.5
43.3
46.7

= 1.0
= 0.85
= 1.0
Ld. Cse 2 Imbsen
Imbsen
LRFD
Governs Strength Strength Strength
(Long.
#5's
#5's
#5's
Dom.)
at 4 in.
at 4 in.
at 4 in.
(kips)
(kips)
(kips)
(kips)
128.0
190.0
161.5
142.8
190.0
161.5 174.0
156.0
190.0
161.5
168.2
190.0
161.5
73.8
190.0
161.5
82.7
190.0
161.5 174.0
90.8
190.0
161.5
98.1
190.0
161.5
49.1
190.0
161.5
55.1
190.0
161.5 174.0
60.5
190.0
161.5
65.5
190.0
161.5
35.7
190.0
161.5
40.0
190.0
161.5 174.0
43.9
190.0
161.5
47.5
190.0
161.5

= 0.9
LRFD
Strength
#5's
at 4 in.
(kips)
156.6

156.6

156.6

156.6