CSAT Maths & DI - Studyplan Without Coaching, High Priority Topics

Mrunal (http://mrunal.
org/)
[Studyplan] CSAT Aptitude Paper 2: Maths & Data Interpretation-High

priority topics, Sample Questions, free studymaterial (part 2 of 3)
Aptitude (http://mrunal.org/category/aptitude) / 11 months Ago /

85 Comments (http://mrunal.org/2014/06/studyplan-csat-aptitude-paper-2-maths-data-interpretatio
English: SP Bakshi
(http://www.flipkart.com/objective-generalenglish-2012/p/itmdyuqqgafhtehp?
pid=9788183480000&affid=mrunalrugm)
1.
2.
3.
Math haters are grave diggers

1.
#1: 2012 unlikely to repeat
2.
#2: GS Strength doesnt compensate math weakness
3.
#3: One lakh Delhi aspirants
4.
#4: Maths = competitive edge + peace of mind
Mathematics: What to ignore?

1.
Doubtful syllabus topics in Mathematics
2.
Highest priority (finish them first)
3.
Medium priority
4.
Low Priority
CSAT Math doesnt not fall from sky but NCERTs

1.
Gather the weapons
2.
Which Quant book?
3.
Dont waste time learning Speed maths / Vedic maths
4.
High priority topics
5.
H1: Linear Equations
6.
1.
NCERT: Linear Equations
2.
Quant book: Linear Equations
H2: Number system

1.
NCERT: Number system
2.
NCERT Powers & Exponents
7.
H3: Percentages, Profit Loss, SI- CI
8.
H4: Ratio Proportion Variation Partnership (RPVP)
9.
H5: Speed Time Distance Work (STDW)
10.
H6: Averages, Allegations
11.
H7: Data Interpretation (DI)

1.
DI-1: odd- graphs
2.
DI-2: bar graphs, pie charts
3.
DI-3: Venn Diagrams
4.
Dont assume A+B=total
5.
DI-4 Tabulation questions
12.
H8: Geometry: Area volume perimeter (AVP)
13.
Appendix: Download links

1.
A1: Last three years official CSAT papers
2.
A2: NCERT Mathematics Topicwise Sorted free download
3.
A3: Quant books: What to prepare, what to skip?
So far in the CSAT paper-2 study plan

1. Comprehension and Reasoning (http://mrunal.org/2014/06/studyplan-csat-aptitude-paper2-comprehension-reasoning-analysis-previous-papers-free-studymaterial-cutoffs-part-12.html)
2. Mathematics & Data Interpretation: high priority topics
(http://mrunal.org/2014/06/studyplan-csat-aptitude-paper-2-maths-data-interpretation-highpriority-topics-sample-questions-free-studymaterial-part-2-3.html) Youre here
3. Decision Making + Mathematics: Medium & low priority topics
(http://mrunal.org/2014/06/studyplan-csat-aptitude-paper-2-decision-making-mathsmedium-low-priority-topics-sample-questions-free-studymaterial-part-3-3.html)
Math haters are grave diggers

Many of you have this mindset / strategy:
1. I hate maths / Im weak in maths. Therefore, Ill pump extra hours in General studies to
compensate for my poor command over mathematics.
2. Prelim marks not counted in final merit list, and maths is not going to be asked in mains. so
why bother. Besides, in 2012 only 3 questions were asked!
3. xyz person on xyz forum said he managed to crack CSAT without preparing maths. Same
Cinderella story will repeat in my case.
4. In last three years, average cutoff was ___. So, so if I tick __ Questions in GS paper I and __
questions in comprehension /reasoning, I can easily reach cutoffs, without bothering about
maths.
To all such aspirants, Ive four things to say:
#1: 2012 unlikely to repeat
% of
questions
CSAT-2012 Paper II
CSAT 2013
comprehension
40 MCQs. (=50% of the paper)
reduced to 32 MCQs.
maths
only 3 MCQs = dream come true for math

haters.
17 MCQs = = ~1/5th of
paper.
ONLY THREE QUESTIONS FROM MATHS IN 2012! WILL THOSE ACCHE DIN COME AGAIN?
Ok so why did the Achhe din end? Why didnt UPSC ask just three Maths MCQs in 2013, like
they did in 2012? You can unravel this mystery by looking at Behind the curtains timeline and
joining the dots
20
May
2012
CSAT-2013 exam held. Only 3 maths and 40 comprehension.
30
August
2012
Prof. Nigvekar submits report (http://mrunal.org/2014/03/nigvekar-prelim-reformsless-comprehension-csat-take-online-exam-two-years-validity-transparency-part-24.html#14) & recommends following
In CSAT Paper II: too many questions were asked from comprehension section, it needs
to be reduced slightly in favor of other type of aptitude questions.(e.g. reasoning, maths)
It will be better to reduce the English part in CSAT, and instead set bit tougher questions in
the compulsory English paper at mains level.
26th May 2013: CSAT 2013 exam. Comprehension reduced from 50% to 40%, consequently,
maths questions increased from 3 to 17, to fillup the total 80 questions quota. Even in mains2013, compulsory English paper was lengthier (http://mrunal.org/2013/12/downloadcompulsory-english-2013-question-paper-of-upsc-civil-service-mains-exam-last-17-years-asbonus1997-2013.html#1) than previous exams, and hence tougher.
In other words, Maths is here to stay. 2012 scene unlikely to repeat. UPSC unlikely to ask only 3
maths MCQs in 2014.
#2: GS Strength doesnt compensate math weakness

Prof.Nigvekar Committee observed:
CSAT Paper-I (General studies) is difficult compared to paper-II (Aptitude test). The candidates
who are good in general studies, are at disadvantage, because they cant get any edge with
general studies. On the other side, candidates good in paper-II(Aptitude) gets advantage, & they
can make though the exam even without much study of general studies. (Therefore) Aspirants
with engineering background formed the major chunk of aspirants who qualified the prelims in
the first attempt.
In other words,
It takes far more effort to get 60 correct in GS, than it takes to get 60 correct in aptitude. Given
the large influx of Engineer-UPSC aspirants post sub-prime crisis and mushrooming selffinanced colleges, IF you (non-Engineers) think you can compensate your weakness in
maths/aptitude by pumping more hours in General studies => then youre making a grave
mistake. You have to tame the bull (maths) by the horns (continuous practice).
#3: One lakh Delhi aspirants

In April 2014, UPSC wrote a letter to DoPT
(https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B0DPgaYAtDgmTW9YVi0xUkY4NUk/edit), requesting more
officers to be deployed for exam duty because:
1. more than 10 lakh people expected to apply for CSAT-2014
2. Out of them more than 1 lakh people from Delhi alone. (This is UPSCs estimation!).
10 lakh is not worrisome, because most of them are non-serious people applying just because
papa said (JBPS). But 1 lakh from Delhi alone= that is a disturbing number.
Because majority of them would be full-time dedicated aspirants migrated to Delhi for the
sole purpose of UPSC preparation. Therefore, competition will be cutthroat than ever
before.
In recent years, even Hyderabad, Bangalore, Chennai, Indore, Lucknow and Abad are also
fast turning into Delhi like centres i.e. where many aspirants rent a room and full time
dedicate to UPSC preparation with or without coaching.
In this environment, youve to extract every mark you can, from every section you can.
Hating maths is not a good idea. Remember: Sincere candidates dont fail prelims by 100
marks, they fail by a margin of just few marks below the cutoff. And in most cases, they
could have avoided failure by keeping alert on negative marking, and extracting a few easy
questions from the subjects they disliked.
#4: Maths = competitive edge + peace of mind

Today every sincere player knows he has to prepare NCERT, Laxmikanth
(http://www.flipkart.com/indian-polity-4th/p/itmdmmsnbhqfwj3a?
pid=9781259064128&affid=mrunalrugm), and Economic Survey. So command over those
books = just minimum height n chest requirement in military recruitment. Not a competitive
edge, doesnt automatically ensure selection.

Last year pretty much every regular reader of Mrunal.org ticked 12-15 correct in Economy.
Again, no longer a competitive edge, its just a minimum system requirement (MSR).
People have been trying to get competitive edge over others by doing PH.D on Culture,
science, environment. But given the tough nature of GS-MCQs, all that labour barely
translates to additional 10-15 marks, that too after spending months in mugging up fifty
dozen festivals, tribes, caves, algae/biofertilizers and critically endangered species.
On the other side, maths can easily help raise your score by atleast 30** marks than the
crowd, and ensure peace of mind until prelim result comes. Then, you can completely focus
on mains preparation, rather than worrying about cutoffs in online forums.
**based on 2011 and 2013 trend, if UPSC asks 15-17 maths questions, then at least 12 of them
will be solvable even with moderate preparation. 12 x 2.5 = 30 marks.
Mathematics / Basic Numeracy: How much upto ClassX?

Maths internal breakup in last 3 CSAT
Maths Topic
Subtopic
2011
2012
2013
HCF,LCM
Ratio Proportion
Linear EQ
Subtotal: Basic
STDW
Speed Time Distance Work
Stat
averages
Pie chart
Tabulation
Speedgraphs Interpretation
Bacterial growth
Age pyramid
Basic
Data
Interpretation (DI)
oddballs
Maths Total
Subtotal: DI
12
Permutation combination (how many figures

possible etc.)
geometry
AP, GP
Subtotal: Odd balls
Basic+Stat+STD+DI
23
17
28.75
3.75
21.25
% out of 80 MCQs
UPSCs official syllabus doesnt specifically say well not ask this, this and this. It only says:
Basic numeracy (numbers and their relations, orders of magnitude, etc.) (Class X level)
Data interpretation (charts, graphs, tables, data sufficiency etc. Class X level)
This etc. word is dangerous. Because upto class X level NCERT textbooks include statistics,
probability, trigonometry, parallelograms and even coordinate geometry. Should we prepare
such topics or not?
CSAT system is just three years old. So far ~43 total maths questions asked in 2011, 12 and 13.
This sample size too small to make projections that x topic will always be asked and y topic
will never be asked.
2011: UPSC introduces CSAT system, public believed that UPSC will completely revamp its
Aptitude Question bank in its secret computer database. But UPSC is still asking stuff they used
to ask way back in the 90s. Observe:
CSAT paper II q. (maths / DI upto class

X level)
similar asked in pre-CSAT era
2011 they gave a graph of A,B,C running and asked

who won the race, who was very slow etc.
1996- with four athletes A,B,C,D
2011: water contamination, various phases
1999: fertilizer input vs yield
2011: comparing speed of two trains
1995: comparing temperature of two

liquids
time speed distance Questions
Regularly asked between 1995-2012,

with almost identical difficultly level.
linear equations, HCF-LCM questions
same as above
This is just tip of an iceberg- even reasoning, syllogism, assumption-inference, Venn diagram,
sitting arrangement- if you look at all the aptitude questions from 1995 to 2013- history is
repeating itself from pre-CSAT era to CSAT era.
Many questions are mirroring themselves only names, numbers and wording changed. if
previously they gave time-distance & asked you to find speed; this time they give speed and
time and ask you to find distance and so on
..meaning
1. UPSC hasnt completely revamped its question bank.
2. Just because xyz topic is not asked in last three CSAT = it doesnt mean UPSC will never ask it
in future exams. If something is taught upto class10, AND it has been asked in previous
prelims (Even before Pre-CSAT era), then we should prepare.
Doubtful syllabus topics in Mathematics
Topic
Taught
up to
NCERT
std.10?
Prepare
for
CSAT?
why?
Statistics (Cumulative
frequency, median,
mode etc.)
YES
YES
Yes, because in 1999 they asked Data

interpretation (DI) about cumulative
frequency and average for grouped data
with class interval.
Arithmetic
progression
YES
YES
asked in CSAT 2011 itself.

GP starts from Class11. They did ask
water doubles every five minute
Geometric
progression
NO
NO
question in 2001, but it could be solved

without formulas. At max, mugup the ball
rebounding formula.
Irrational numbers
YES
No
its not asked from 1995 till 2013.
Coordinate Geometry
YES
YES
Asked in 1995 and 1999 prelims.

Non-AVP Geometry theory= interior
angle, parallelogram sides, cyclic
Non-AVP Geometry
Theory
quadrilaterals etc. topics beyond

YES
YES
simple area-volume-perimeter (AVP).

YES should be prepared, because
asked in 1995, 96, 97, 98, 99, 2000,
2001.
height-n-distance problem has been
asked in past.
Trigonometry
YES
YES
Ignore radian, maximum minimum

values of sin/cos/tan- because that
starts from class11-12 and never
asked in pre-CSAT or CSAT era.
Clock Angles
indirectly
YES
Asked in 98, 2002, 2000 etc.
Divisibility
YES
YES
Asked in 2010.
Probability
YES
Yes
Routinely asked this topic up to mid2000s.

Yes. they routinely asked this topic
upto mid-2000s, (may be Examiner
considers this a reasoning topic and
not maths)
Even in CSAT 2011, they asked a
Permutation
&Combination (Pnc)
NO
YES
question on fundamental countingthat topic is the mother of PnC, and

starts only from class11 NCERT.
in same CSAT 2011, they even asked

image based PnC e.g. how many
routes possible in 22 square diagram
to reach from point A to B.
Polynomial factorization related
Polynomials,Quadratic
Equations
problems asked in 1995,96, 99, 2001

YES
YES
Pure mathematical questions related

to Quadratic equation (e.g. nature of
roots, find k etc. not asked so far)
Logarithms
Venn Diagram
NO
NO
NO
Never asked between 1995-2013.
YES
Venn Diagram starts from NCERT Class11.

But they were regularly asked both in preCSAT and CSAT era. Perhaps examiner
considers them part of reasoning and
not mathematics or DI.
dangthese are way too many odd topics, cant we just focus on time speed distance, linear
equation, HCF-LCM? Hardly two months left before exam!!
Ans. No. Youve to be prepared for all possible topics. UPSC examiner has no moral obligations
to follow last years topic trend. 2011 he asks arithmetic progression, then ignores this topic for
2012 and 2013. If you aim to tick 10+ MCQs for a given subject, youve to be thoroughly
prepared- whether its polity, geography, economy or aptitude.
Nonetheless, it may not be feasible to give justice to all the maths topic within ~2 months, so
study-priority order should be following:
Highest priority (nish them rst)
1. Linear Equation
2. Number System
3. %, profit loss, SI-CI
4. Ratio Proportion Variation
5. Speed Time Distance Work
6. Averages, Alligiations
7. Data Interpretation
8. Geometry: Area Volume Perimeter
Medium priority
Following topics not frequently asked, but takes barely 2 hours to master. because You just have
to mugup 3-5 formulas and variety of questions is very less. Therefore cost: benefit good, You
should make room in your schedule to prepare them.
9. Arithmetic Progression => only have to do one chapter in NCERT.
10. Coordinate Geometry => only have to do one chapter in NCERT.
11. Polynomials factorization => only have to do two chapters in NCERT.
Low Priority
Low priority doesnt mean UPSC will *NOT* ask them. Low priority means, within your study
time table, do them at last depending on how much free time left after allotting time for other
high priority topics such as history, polity, science, economy, environment (for Paper I) and
those reasoning-comprehension & other high priority topics under Maths (for Paper II).
Reason: following topics not frequently asked. Theyre not difficult but have many variety of
questions and formulas=> each of them take more than 4 hours to master. Therefore, put
under low priority in terms of study time allotment.
12. Geometry theory: Triangles, Quadrilaterals, Circles (TQC)
13. Trigonometry: only height n distance
14. Permutation Combination Probability
15. Statistics
Anyways, lets begin preparation:
CSAT Math doesnt not fall from sky but NCERTs

Some questions directly came from NCERT, just numbers changed. Observe
CSAT paper II question
similar question in NCERT
2011: contractor penalty
Class 10, Ch 5, page 113, Q.15
2011: students who play neither cricket nor

football.
Class11, ch1, page 23, example 26
2013: food in garrison, how many days will it last?
Class8, Ch13, page 212 example 7, 8 and

9.
Even the remaining questions, most of them are just slightly difficult than the concepts taught at
NCERT level. Meaning, you dont have to be an IIT/CAT rankerIf you can understand even
upto NCERT level mathematics, you can tick good number of MCQs.
Gather the weapons

1. One book on quantitative aptitude (hence forth referred as Quant Book)
2. (For those really poor in maths)- NCERT Mathematics. Topicwise zip file
given at bottom.
ESSENTIAL
3. one separate notebook / file, to maintain diary of mistakes

(http://mrunal.org/2012/03/strategy-art-of-preparing-for-aptitude.html)whenever you find any new formula, shortcut, weird MCQ or make mistake,
note it down in this diary. Night before the exam, just read this diary. No
need to revise aptitude books or practice sums on that night. I did the
same for CAT, got 96%ile.
1. A folder and loose A4 sized papers-To maintain a diary of mistakes and
shortcuts. This is better than a notebook because you can add new pages
anywhere as per your requirement.
2. A black slate, like those poor kids use in government primary schools-It
OPTIONAL
saves lot of paper wasted in practicing math & reasoning sums.

3. CSAT Topicwise solve papers (1995-2013) by Disha Publication
(http://www.flipkart.com/csat-topic-wise-solved-papers-19-years-generalstudies-1995-2013/p/itmdhhccqt4sr3hz?
pid=9789382961789&affid=mrunalrugm). Contains all papers of GS and
aptitude- topicwise separated for both pre-CSAT and CSAT era.
Which Quant book?

As such, CSAT maths is just slightly more difficult than NCERT exercises. BUT, since NCERTs
alone dont give all variety of questions and street-smart techniques to save time during exam.
Therefore, you need a quant book. For example, consider this
(2007) A person has to fill three liquids 403 lit. Petrol, 465 lt. diesel and 496 lt. motor oil
in bottles of equal size without mixing any of above liquids. What is the least possible
number of bottles required?
While NCERT teaches HCF in class10, but doesnt dwell into this concept. Concept is: youve to
find HCF (31), then divide each number with HCF, then youll get total number of bottles
required = 44.
To learn all such variety of questions and concepts, you need a book on quantitative aptitude.
NCERT are good to learn basic concepts, but NCERT alone are insufficient for CSAT.
Choice of Quantitative Aptitude book, depends on your career backup apart from Civil Service
Exam.
IBPS,
Bank,
Staff
Selection
(SSC),
AFCAT,
LIC,
NICLAAO,
ACIO,
FCI &
other
PSU
jobs.
Fast-track to Objective Arithmetic by Rajesh Verma (http://www.flipkart.com/fasttrack-objective-arithmetic-3rd/p/itmd68vjuzdcmrs7?

going
back to
private
sector /
business
CSAT Aptitude Manual by Tata Macgraw Hill (TMH)

(http://www.flipkart.com/general-studies-civil-services-preliminary-examinationpaper-ii-2014-1st/p/itmdzbznrq2gzqr2?pid=9781259064388&affid=mrunalrugm),
Arihant (http://www.flipkart.com/cracking-csat-paper-2-civil-services-aptitudetest-4th/p/itmdzy59psxmjytf?pid=9789351411109&affid=mrunalrugm) or Pearson
(http://www.flipkart.com/pearson-general-studies-paper-ii-civil-servicespreliminary-examinations-2014-1st/p/itmdzd9zzfhenbkw?
pid=9789332519923&affid=mrunalrugm) or xyz publication- whichever you can
find cheapest or second hand
CDS,
SCRA,
CAT, XAT
& other
higher
level
exams.
Quantum CAT Sarvesh Kumar (http://www.flipkart.com/quantitative-aptitudequantum-cat-common-admission-test-into-iims-7th/p/itmdwqbnmqzd36h5?

pid=9789351416401&affid=mrunalrugm) (OR Arun Sharma
(http://www.flipkart.com/prepare-quantitative-aptitude-cat6th/p/itmdwqyjag42b5py?pid=9789339205126&affid=mrunalrugm))
Avoid following books
RS Aggarwals book on Quantitative Aptitude, M.Tyras book on quicker Maths, and any other
90s era book that bookstorewalla recommends you, because:
1. Theyre Useless for SSC, CDS and SCRA because they dont give detailed coverage of
Trigonometry, geometry theory (parallelograms, circle-tangent etc.) OR quadratic equations.
2. Theyre Useless for CSAT and higher level exams. Because they dont cover all variety of
tricky MCQs asked in such exams.
3. Even banking & insurance exams Rajesh Vermas techniques are faster & easy to
understand.
Dont waste time learning Speed maths / Vedic maths

For CSAT-Just memorize multiplication tables from 2 to 9. At max, mugup squares upto 19. It
is sufficient.
unlike Bank and CAT exam, the UPSC data interpretation questions dont test your speed
mathematics or long division skill,
unlike CDS and SSC, UPSC questions on divisibility, number theory or HCF-LCM, dont test
your skill over prime number tables (13, 17, 19, 23, 29).
Therefore, dont waste time in Vedic maths tricks for speed maths, addition, multiplication,
subtraction, division, cube roots, square roots etc.
If you already know such tricks then good, but now is not the right time to learn them fresh.
High priority topics

High priority topics doesnt mean UPSC will definitely ask majority of the questions from here.
It only means while you plan your study schedule, you should finish them first:
H1: Linear Equations

Sample questions from previous prelims
(1998) in a family, age of father is three times that of his daughter, and age of son is half of
his mother. If wife is nine years younger than husband, and brother is 7 years older than
sister, what is the age of mother? (Ans.60)
(2009) A gave half of his coins to B and 4 more besides. B gave half of his coins to C and 4
more besides. C gave half of his coins to D and 4 more besides. Both B and D end up with
same number of coins. How many coins did A have originally? (Ans.72 coins)
(2011) a person has only Rs. 1 and Rs. 2 coins with her. If the total number of coins that she
has is 50 and the amount of money with her is Rs. 75, then find the number of Rs. 1 and Rs.
2 coins with him? (Ans. 25 and 25)
What is Linear Equation?
Linear equation means unknown variable (x or y) doesnt have anything above their head.
x2+2x+1
This is not linear equation because x has 2 above its head. Infact this is a
quadratic equation. It is also part of upto classs10 syllabus. But comes under
low priority for CSAT.
2x+1
This is linear equation because x doesnt have anything above its head. (Actually its
x1 but for our understanding purpose, take it as just x). This is high priority topic
for CSAT.
Linear equations are very important for aptitude exams, from two angles
1. direct MCQs about age, coins, salary, expenditure related problems
2. Indirect applications in time-speed-distance-work; profit-loss-SI-CI; Geometry problems etc.
L1: Age problems: silly mistakes

Q. 20 years ago, Bhootnath was 12 times the age of Abdul. At present, Bhootnath is twice as old
as Abdul blah blah blah
were presented with two conditions
Condition
Wrong
Right
B-20=12A or
I. 20 years ago, Bhootnath was 12 times the
age of Abdul
B=12(A-20)
(this is the most common
mistake)
B-20=12(A20)
II. Bhootnath is twice as old as Abdul
2B=A
B=2A
Many candidates make wrong equations as shown above, then get wrong answer. Examiner
would have even listed wrong answer in option. So junta happily ticks such option, my paper
went so good, then they fail & blame nepotism, corruption and DP Agrawal for everything.
How to avoid silly mistake?
In age problems, always prepare a table beginning with present age. Observe
At present, Bhootnath is twice as old as Abdul
present age
A and B
Eq1. B=2A
20 years ago, so make a column on left side:
Age 20 years ago:

A-20
B-20
present age
A and B
Eq1. B=2A
Then make second equation: 20 years ago, Bhootnath was 12 times the age of Abdul
age 20 years ago (-20)
A-20
B-20
Eq2. B-20=12(A-20)
present age
A and B
Eq1. B=2A
Now plug the value of B from Eq1. into Eq2 and youll solve this effortlessly.
L2: keep minimum variables

Suppose the question is like this The sum of present ages of Abdul and Bhootnath is 56. 5 years
ago Abduls age was.blah blah blah.find the present age of Bhootnath.
avoid this approach
use this approach

assume Bhootnaths present Age B
assume Abdul present age A
assume Abduls present age
Bhootnath present age B
=(56-B)
Here you assumed two variables A and B=
Here youve to worry about only one
lengthier calculations and increased chances
variable B. The moment you solve B,
of silly mistakes.
you get answer.
L3: Cannot be determined

Suppose you end up with two equations like this:
I. x+y=5
II. y+z=6
Here youve two equations but three variables (x, y and z). You can never find out the unique
value of x, y, z in such situation. Hence answer = Cannot be determined. But sometimes, even
two variable-two equation set can be impossible to solve. For example
No solution
I. x+ 2y=4
II. 2x+ 4y= 12
infinite solution
2x+ 3y=94x+ 6y=18
To learn more about ^this, refer to NCERT Maths Class 10, Chapter3, table given on the page
#9.
Examiner will test this by offering you both choice Cannot be determined; sometimes even
data sufficiency (DS) question. Make sure you pick the right answer in right situation.
Anyways, lets proceed with preparations:
@Those weak in maths
@Those good at maths

NCERT Class10. (Because it has some good CSAT
Following NCERT 7, 8 and 10, then

refer your Quant book.
level sums)
Then refer your Quant book: Rajesh Verma or
Sarvesh Kumar (not both).
NCERT: Linear Equations
Class
Ch.
What to focus for CSAT?

How to convert statements into simple equation.
example 10 age problem on page 90

Exercise 4.4 question no. 2 and 3
12.5 Monomials, Binomials, Trinomials & Polynomials (page 233)
12.6 adding-subtracting simple equations. Solve the four questions
12
given immediately. (page 235)

12.8 formula and rules. page 243
Formula for no. of diagonals in a figure. Page 246
Page 247 summary.
Point 2.3 the example given in it page 24
Page 25 Example 7 age problem
page 26 Example 8 coin problem
Page 26-27 examples 9 to 11
Exercise 2.2 do all the sums

Page 30: Example 14 digit reversal
Page 31: Example 15 about age problem
Exercise 2.4 do all sums
Page 35: example 19 age problem
Page 35: Exercise 2.6 only do Problem 6 and 7.

Everyone should do this, irrespective of how strong / weak in maths.
Page 46: In what situation, infinite solution / no solutions? Table 3.4
most important for MCQs.
Algebraic method to solve equations
Page 50 understand the substitution method given in point 3.4.1
Page 52 Example 9: understand why the answer is cannot be
determined.
Page 53 Exercise 3.3 only solve Question No.3
Page 54 understand elimination method from example 11
Page 56 example 13: digit reversal problem
10
Page 57 Do all the sums under Q.2 of exercise 3.4

Page 57: solve the apple sum under topic 3.4.5 but avoid the headache
of that cross multiplication method. Stick to substitution & elimination
methods.
Page 60 ticket problem example 14
Page 63: do Q.(i) to (v) most important for CSAT.
Page 65: example 19 avoid that stupid algebra method. Learn Boats and
streams topic from my [Aptitude] article click me
(http://mrunal.org/2012/04/aptitude-boats-and-streams-madeeasy.html).
Page 67
Quant book: Linear Equations
Rajesh Verma
(http://www.flipkart.com/fast-trackobjective-arithmetic3rd/p/itmd68vjuzdcmrs7?
First solve chapter 27 then chapter 7.Chapter 27
linear equation
Sarvesh Kumar
(http://www.flipkart.com/quantita
aptitude-quantum-cat-commonadmission-test-into-iims7th/p/itmdwqbnmqzd36h5?
pid=9789351416401&affid=mrunalr
Ch13. Elements of Algebra
Understand the consistency system given on
in the initial part of this chapter he talks a
first page of this chapter.
polynomials, ignore it for the moment an
then solve all the questions in illustration and
directly move to page 525, Linear Equati
exercises
He has explained all four methods to solv
you may avoid following type of questions
Linear equations. But stick to substitution
because no asked in UPSC
elimination method. Combined these two
Q.14 in Exercise1
can handle pretty much every question.
Q1 on Exercise2
Ex.13: Do Question 10 to 18
Chapter 7: Word problems based on numbers

Focus on digit reversal problems and age
related problems.
Level 1: Do Question 23 to 31.

Important: in Level1 exercises question
to 31: observe his explanations- how he s
them without assuming X or Y, or even fr

equations. IF you master this technique,
save a lot of precious minutes in the exam
H2: Number system

Sample Questions from previous prelims
1. (2007) A person has to fill three liquids 403 lit. Petrol, 465 lt. diesel and 496 lt. motor oil in
bottles of equal size without mixing any of above liquids. What is the least possible number
of bottles required? Ans. HCF will be 31. Then divide it with each number, youll get total
number of bottles: 44.

2. (2009) while adding the first few continuous natural numbers, a candidate missed one of the
number and wrote a wrong answer 177. Which number did he miss? Ans. Sum of the first
n natural numbers is n(n+1)/2, but he missed x, so [n(n+1)/2] minus x = 177. Once you
plug in the options, only x=13 will satisfy this equation.
3. (2011) three persons start walking together and their steps measure 40 cm, 42 cm and 45
cm respectively. What is the minimum distance each should walk so that each can cover the
same distance in complete steps? Ans. whether its bells ringing together or bulbs lighting
together or people walking together-youve Find LCM of those numbers. 25 m 20 cm

4. (2013) A gardener has 1000 plants. He wants to plant them in such a way that the number of
rows and the number of columns remains the same. What is the minimum number of plants
that he needs more for this purpose? Ans. Whenever you have to arrange soldiers or
flowers or trees in Equal Row n equal column, then you have to make it square. Add 24 more
trees so it becomes 1024=3232.
These are not really difficult questions, most of them can be solved without mugging up any
formulas. You just need a good grip over basic concepts.
POOR IN MATHS
GOOD IN MATHS
begin with NCERT
No need for NCERT.
(chapter wise list given
Directly use your Quant book. Refer to appendix of this
below)
article, for what to prepare and what to skip in the quant
Then use Quant
books.
books.
NCERT: Number system
NCERT
Chapter
2.Fractions
and
Decimals
7
9. rational
numbers
Topic to focus for CSAT

1. proper, improper, mixed fraction
2. Ex.2.1s example 6
3. Example 5 on page35
4. Example 6 on page39
1. topic 9.7 comparison of numbers- page 179
2. example 6: direction sense test page 186
3. summary from page 191-92
1.Rational
numbers
Table 1.2 the properties of rational numbers.Topic 1.4 how to find

rational number between two rational numbers.
16. Playing
with
numbers.
Divisibility rules for 2,3,5,9
1.Number
system
basic concept of recurring decimals: example 8topic 1.6 laws of

exponents for real numbers page 241.7 summary page 27
HCF, LCM how to find
1.Real
numbers
10
Page 10 Example 6, 8 and the remark given at bottom of it.

Page 11: Question 7 important concept for circular race tracks.
Page 19 note to reader.
Ignore Euler and irrational numbers.
NCERT Powers & Exponents
NCERT
Chapter
Topic to focus for CSAT

comparing numbers with powers
13.Exponents & powers
how even-odd powers change the sign of negative

numbers
13.6 expressing large numbers in std.form
table in 6.2
6. squares and square

roots
Numbers between square numbers- the lines given

in italics.
6.4.2 Pythagorean triplets
6.7 estimating square root.
8
7. Cube and Cube roots
geometry angle- example 7.2.2

12.3 Laws of exponents,
12.Powers
12.4.1 Comparing very large and very small

numbers.
Related articles under my [Aptitude] series:

1. LCM-HCF Simplified (http://mrunal.org/2013/03/aptitude-lcm-hcf-gcd-basic-conceptcalculation-applications-explained.html)
2. Remainders: one number and two divisors (http://mrunal.org/2013/01/aptitude-remainderone-number-and-two-divisors-number-theory.html)
After this is done, you have to solve all questions from your quant book. Even solve the already
solved sums given in the illustrations. Refer to bottom of this article Appendix A3, for what to
prepare what to skip from Rajesh / Sarvesh.
H3: Percentages, Prot Loss, SI- CI

Sample Qs. from previous prelims
1. (1998) A man bought two clocks A and B for total Rs.650. He sold A at 20% profit and B at
25% loss. If he had kept selling price of both clocks the same, then what were the cost prices
of each clock? Ans. It requires your understanding of linear equation, percentages and profit
loss. As cost price 250, and Bs 400.

2. (2002) Trader fixed the price of an article in such way that by giving a rebate of 10%, he
made profit of 15%. If the cost of the article is Rs.72, what is the selling price? Ans. 92 rupees.
3. (2005) Left pan of a faulty weigh weighs 100 gms more than the right pan. Shopkeeper keeps
the weight measure in left pan while buying goods but keeps it in the right pan while selling
goods. He only uses 1 kg weight. If he sells goods at the listed cost price, what is his profit?
Ans. gist of the question is: he frauds 10% in buying and 10% in selling. So, on each trading
sequence.
Hint: Assume 1 gm costs 1 rupee. Find per unit price while buying and selling.
buying fraud of 100 gm per 1000 gm = 1100 gm
selling fraud 100 gm per 1000gm =

900 gm
Unit cost price per gram= Rs.1000 paid/ per 1100 gm

bought
unit SP =Rs. 1000 got/ per 900 gm

sold
Effective cost price = 10/11
Effective selling price = 10/9
Profit % = (SP-CP/CP) x 100= 200/9%

This is one of those weird/unique question, so note it in your diary of mistake,
4. (2010) two numbers X and Y are respectively 20% and 28% less than third number Z. By
what % is the number Y less than number X. Ans 10%
5. (2010) Difference between simple interest from two banks on Rs.500 for two years is Rs.2.5,
what is the difference between their rates? Ans. 0.25%
Percentages-NCERT
As such UPSCs percentage related questions are complicated than the exercises given in
NCERT, but still solve NCERT as warm-up exercise for multiplication and division.
Class 7 Ch8
Class 8 Ch8
To learn how to solve such MCQs, without mugging up formulas, refer to following articles:
1. Concepts of Marked Price and Successive Discounts (Profit-Loss) without (stupid) formulas
(http://mrunal.org/2012/11/aptitude-concepts-of-marked-price-and-successive-discountsprofit-loss-without-stupid-formulas.html)
2. Compound Interest Rate, Population Growth without Formulas
(http://mrunal.org/2012/04/aptitude-compound-interest-rate.html)
3. Alligation: Advanced applications in Interest rates, Profit-loss, Average Wages (Wine-Water
Concept) (http://mrunal.org/2013/01/aptitude-alligation-interest-rates-profit-loss-averagewages-wine-water-concept.html)
4. Product Consistency: If Sugar price increases then consumption should be Decreased by
What %, Time-Speed-Distance problems, (http://mrunal.org/2013/01/aptitude-productconsistency-shortcuts-ssc-ibps-csat-cat.html)
After this is done, you have to solve all questions from your quant book. Even solve the already
solved sums given in the illustrations. Refer to bottom of this article, for what to prepare what
to skip from Rajesh / Sarvesh.
H4: Ratio Proportion Variation Partnership (RPVP)

Sample Qs. from previous prelims
1. (1998) If 15 pumps of equal capacity can fill a tank in 7 days, then how many extra pumps
will be required to fill the tank in 5 days? Ans.6 (you can solve this as pipes n cisterns /
speed-time-distance problem also. ultimately its a problem of inverse relation between
speed vs time)
2. (2002) Amit Shah started a business with investment of Rs.30,000. Rahul Gandhi joined after
some time and invested Rs.20,000. At the end of year, profit was divided in the ratio of 2:1.
After how many months did Rahul join the business? Ans. 3 months
3. (2013) in a rare coin collection, there is one gold coin for every three non-gold coins. 10
more gold coins are added to the collection and the ratio of gold coins to non-gold coins
would be 1: 2. Based on the information; the total number of corns in the collection now
becomes what? Ans. 90
4. (2013) Out of 120 applications for a post, 70 are male and 80 have a drivers license. What is
the ratio between the minimum to maximum number of males having drivers license? Ans.
3:7
5. (2013) the tank-full petrol in Aruns motor-cycle lasts for 10 days. If he starts using 25%
more every day, how many days will the tank-full petrol last? Ans. 8 days.
6. (2013) In a garrison, there was food for 1000 soldiers for one month. After 10 days, 1000
more soldiers joined the garrison. How long would the soldiers be able to carry on with the
remaining food? Ans. Inverse variation topic. Ans. 10 days.
7. (NCERT Class8) There are 100 students in a hostel. Food provision for them is for 20 days.
How long will these provisions last, if 25 more students join the group? Ans. 16 days.
8. (NCERT Class8) The scale of a map is given as 1:30000000. Two cities are 4 cm apart on the
map. Find the actual distance between them. Ans.1200
Understand the partnership concept from this article: (Aptitude) Partnership and profit-sharing
made Easy (http://mrunal.org/2012/05/aptitude-partnership-and-profit-sharing.html).
PS: Even those good at Maths MUST do the sums from Class8 Chapter 13.
Class
7
Ch.
8
What To Focus
Basics of Ratios. Although most of the chapter is focused on percentages.
too rudimentary stuff, use it just for warm up exercise for multiplication
and division.
Basics of variation.
page 207 example5 interesting
Page 208 exercise 13.1 Question 5 to 10
13
Page 212 example 7, 8 and 9. Question 8. MOST IMPORTANT how long

the food will last. This type of questions asked in CSAT. Understand the
concept well.
Exercise 13.2 Q4 to 11. Notice Q5, its identical to the food lasting
problem.
Then solve your Quant book. Refer appendix for what to prepare, what to skip.
H5: Speed Time Distance Work (STDW)

This is fourth block, because these sums also test your understanding of Linear Equation (H1),
LCM (H2), Percentages (H3) and ratios (H4). But Juntaa directly starts preparing STDW without
learning first four blocks because last time UPSC asked many MCQs from STDW. Such quickfixshortcut-moodswing based preparation usually lead to #EPICFAIL. You need good command
over all those basic concepts from H1 to H4. Proceed in a systematic manner.
1. (2001) A worker reaches his factory 3 minutes late if his speed from his house to the factory
is 5 km/hr. If he walks at a speed of 6km/hr, then he reaches the factory 7 minutes early. The
distance of the factory from his house is ___? Ans 5 km
2. (2004) Two cars X and Y starts from two places A and B respectively which are 700km apart
at 9 a.m. Both the cars run at an average speed of 60 km/hr. Car X stops at 10 a.m. and
again starts at 11 a.m., while the other car Y continues to run without stopping. When do the
cars cross each other? Ans 3:20PM
3. (2005) Aryan runs at a speed of 40meters/minute. Rahul follows him after an interval of 5
minutes and runs at a speed of 50 meters/minute. Rahuls dog runs at a speed of 60
meters/minute and starts along with Rahul. The dog reaches Aryan and then comes back to
Rahul, and continues to do so till Rahul reaches Aryan. What is the total distance covered by
the dog? Ans 1200m
4. (2007) A and B can complete work together in 5 days. If A works at twice his speed and B at
half of his speed, this work can be finished in 4 days. How many days would it take for A
alone to complete his job? Ans 10 days
5. (2010) Three men start together to travel the same way around a circular track of 11km.
Their speeds are 4, 5.5 and 8 kmph respectively. When will they meet at the starting point
for the first time? Ans 22 hours

6. (2012) Mr. Kumar drives to work at an average speed of 48km/hr. The time taken to cover
the first 60% of the distance is 10 minutes more than the time taken to cover the remaining
distance. How far is his office? Ans. 40 km
7. (2013) A person can walk a certain distance and drive back in six hours. He can also walk
both ways in 10 hours. How much time will he take to drive both ways? Ans. 2 hrs
8. (2013) A thief running at 8 km/hr is chased by a policeman whose speed is 10 km/hr. If the
thief is 100 m ahead of the policeman, then the time required for the policeman to catch the
thief will be what? Ans. 3 min
9. (2013) A train travels at a certain average speed for a distance of 63 km and then travels a
distance of 72 km at an average speed of 6 km/hr more than its original speed. If it takes 3
hours to complete the total journey, what is the original speed of the train in km/hr? Ans.42
kmph
NCERT not much useful here, because it runs on the LCM method and doesnt dwell on all
varieties of questions.
STDW is made up of two topics
1. Speed time distance
cars, trains, platforms, boats etc.
2. Speed time work
A can complete a work in., pipe A can fill the tank in etc.
All of these can be solved through just one formula: STD (speed x time =distance). Go through
following articles:
Time-speed-Distance
1. Trains, Platforms TSD (Time, Speed,
Distance) made easy
(http://mrunal.org/2012/03/aptitudetrains-platforms-tsd.html)
2. Boats and Streams made-easy using our
STD-Table Method
Time-speed-work
(http://mrunal.org/2012/04/aptitude-
1. [Speed Time Work] Two Men can finish a
boats-and-streams-made-easy.html)
work, A is 3x more efficient than B, B
3. Average Speed made easy without
leaves before completion & variety of
Formulas
cases (http://mrunal.org/2012/11/speed-
(http://mrunal.org/2012/05/aptitude-tsd-
time-work-two-men-can-finish-work-3x-
average-speed-made-easy.html)
efficient-b-b-leaves-completion-variety-
4. STD table : Application in train man

bridge, time and work problems
cases.html)
2. [Speed Time Work] Three men can finish a
(http://mrunal.org/2013/02/aptitude-q-
work in x days, A & B start work, C joins
std-table-application-in-train-man-
after x day, share in wages & other special
bridge-time-and-work-problems.html)
cases (http://mrunal.org/2012/11/speed-
5. Time n Distance: Early and late to office

(shortcut using product consistency
method)
time-work-three-men-can-finish-work-xdays-share-wages-special-cases.html)
3. Time n Work: 4 men and 6 women can
(http://mrunal.org/2013/01/aptitude-
complete a work in 8 Days then
time-n-distance-early-and-late-to-office-
(http://mrunal.org/2012/05/aptitude-time-
shortcut-using-product-consistency-
n-work-4-men-and-6-women.html)
method-for-ssc-ibps-csat-cat-cmat.html)
6. Product Consistency: Time-SpeedDistance problems
(http://mrunal.org/2013/01/aptitudeproduct-consistency-shortcuts-ssc-ibpscsat-cat.html)
Once youve understood this STD table concept, then apply it while solving the illustrations and
exercises given in your quant book.
H6: Averages, Allegations

1. (1996) If the average of A, B and C is 14. Twice the sum of B and C is 30. What is the value of
A? Ans. 27
2. (1997) the average monthly income of a person in a certain family of 5 is Rs.1000. What will
be monthly average income of person in the same family if the income of one person
increased by Rs. 12,000 per year? Ans. 1200
3. (2011) A student on her first 3 tests received an average score of N points. If she exceeds her
previous average score by 20 points on her fourth test, then what is the average score for
the first 4 tests? (Ans. N+5)
NCERTs dont provide the street-smart techniques OR the requisite variety of questions asked in
aptitude exams. They mainly deal from Statistics angle. (Statistics is asked but low-priority for
CSAT).
So, instead of NCERTS, first go through following articles:
[Aptitude] Averages: Entry / Removal of 1 element => Increase / Decrease in Average
Shortcut method explained (http://mrunal.org/2013/02/aptitude-averages-entry-removal-of1-element-increase-decrease-in-average-shortcut-method-explained.html)
[Aptitude] Averages: More than two elements added / removed : shortcut technique
explained (http://mrunal.org/2013/02/aptitude-averages-more-than-two-elements-addedremoved-shortcut-technique-explained.html)
[Aptitude] Alligations,Mixtures,Alloys: Water,Milk,Wine mixing: Weighted Average Made Easy
for CSAT,CAT,CMAT,IBPS Aptitude (http://mrunal.org/2012/03/aptitudealligationsmixturesalloys.html)
[Aptitude Q] Mixture and Alligiation: Change Alcohol concentration from 15% to 32%
[Aptitude] Alligation: Advanced applications in Interest rates, Profit-loss, Average Wages
(Wine-Water Concept) (http://mrunal.org/2013/01/aptitude-alligation-interest-rates-profitloss-average-wages-wine-water-concept.html)
Then solve all the illustrations and examples from your Quant book.
if you really want to learn the basics, consult following NCERT chapter (although quite
unnecessary because everyone knows this much basic.)
class
ch
5, 15 (These are useful for data interpretation though)
14
10
14
H7: Data Interpretation (DI)

GRAPHICAL
TEXTUAL
1. Odd speed graphs, bacterial growth graphs etc.
1. Venn diagrams
2. bar graphs, pie charts, line graphs
2. Tabulation
DI-1: odd- graphs

[Prelim 1995] The variations in temperatures form 0 degree C to 100 degree C with respect
to time of two liquids P,Q are shown in the graph given below:
Which one of the following statements is correct?

a. During heating, liquid P remained hotter than liquid Q throughout
b. At no point of time during heating did the two liquids have the same temperature
c. P attained the temperature of 100 degree C faster than Q
d. Q attained the temperature of 100 degree C faster than P
ANSWER. (d)
[Prelim 1996] Following graph represents a race among four persons.
Consider following statements

1. A stood first in the race
2. C led all the way
3. D ran faster than others in the later part of the race.
Answer choices
1. 1 and 3 false, while 2 correct
2. 1 and 2 false, while 3 correct
3. 1 and 3 correct while 2 false
4. 1 is correct; 2 and 3 false.
Correct answer: (B)
hint: you should add numbers on both axis, then find what time each took to finish the race.
youll see D won the race.
[Prelim 1999]The yield versus fertilizer input is shown in the graph.
Consider the following statements based on this graph:

1.Yield rate is zero at B and C
2.There is no yield with no fertilizer input
3.The yield is minimum at D
4.The yield is neither minimum nor maximum at C
Which of the above statements are correct?
a. 1,2 and 4
b. 3 and 4
c. 2 and 3
d. 1,3 and 4
ANSWER.(b)
[Prelim 2000]The following figure represents time vs learning curves of two students,Q
and R for learning a Mathematics lesson:
Which one of the following can be drawn from the graph?

a. R started slowly in the beginning but got ahead of Q to complete learning the lesson
b. Q started slowly and finished learning the lesson earlier than R
c. R was always faster than Q in learning Mathematics
d. Q was always faster than R in learning Mathematics
ANSWER.(a)
Hint: add numbers on both axis, then youll see who is learning to what pace.
Youll also find odd graphs in last three CSAT papers (attached at bottom of this article). Im not
copying them here because more images=slower loading webpage.
I call them odd graphs because usually unseen in other aptitude exams, even CAT. But these
graphs are not falling from sky, topic is given in NCERT. First understand following concepts
from NCERT Class8, Chapter 15 Graphs
Page 234-35: Example1 two cricketers performance graph
Page 235-36: Example2 car average speed graph
Exercise 15.1: Q1 Patients temperature
Page 237-38 Q3. growth of two plants A and B

Page 238: Weather forecast vs actual temperature graph
Page 239: understand the concept in Q7
In the real CSAT, usually they dont give numbers on the axis. But if you want to solve them with
NCERT technique, then youve to write numbers on your own understanding. Observe following
image
Once you add numbers like this, it becomes very easy to compare P vs Q and eliminate options
accordingly.
Where to get additional practice?
Youre unlikely to find such odd graphs practice questions easily. Theyre usually not asked in
Bank and CAT. Although theyre sporadically asked in CDS, CAPF and SCRA exams (For all four
major exams of UPSC, the Examiner seems to be utilizing the same DI Question bank from the
secret server in the basement of UPSC Headquarter). But again cost:benefit not that great IF you
start digging through all previous papers of CDS, CAPF and SCRA = too time consuming exercise.
Anyways, you will find a few such question under
1. aptitude manuals
2. CST magazines mock tests.

You dont have to specifically buy them only for the ODD graphs. Borrow whatever you can
from library / friend circle.
DI-2: bar graphs, pie charts

Im not adding their samples questions here, because dozens of images =slow loading
webpage, especially on mobile browser.
But youll find the samples in the last 3 CSAT papers attached below the article.
Difficulty wise- above SSC and little below BankPO
Data Interpretation in BankPO/ CAT

Often require lengthy calculation and long divisions, even
prime numbers (17,19, 23,37 etc.).
UPSC CSAT
Usually calculations are easy
youve to do 10%, 20%, 25% of
something and youll get the
answer.
Usually give you 3-4 text
statements and ask which
requires you to find exact mathematical answer.

often the four options are very close
(16.5,16.7,16.55,16.67) so you cant eliminate wrong
choices by logic or guestimation, youve to do exact
calculation without any mistakes.
one of them are correct as

per the given chart.
Meaning they dont usually
require you to find exact
mathematical answer.
Although youve to do maths
/apply logic to eliminate the
wrong statements.
To make difficult questions from pie chart, they

usually make a combo of
two pie charts OR
1 pie chart + 1 bar graph or
1 pie chart + 1 table.
Same
To get a basic overview of Pie charts, bar graphs etc you can consult NCERT class8 chapter 5.
But as such it doesnt contain any street smart tricks OR sums relevant to CSAT. Therefore, to
gain command youve to get practice. Where to get practice DI sets?
1. SSC sets far easier than CSAT. so avoid
2. CAT sets will be an overkill. so avoid
3. Hence your best bet is bank PO exam papers. But even in them, avoid sets that require
lengthy calculations and long divisions. Yes but where to get BankPO papers? Ans. hit the
library and
go through monthly issues of Pratiyogita Darpan or banking service chronicle
CST (Civil service times) magazine gives demo CSAT papers with DI
Arihant/Kiran publication books papersets
Quant books usually dont give many DI sets whether its Rajesh, Sarvesh or Arun Sharma. Its a
clever marketing trick to sell another separate book for DI. But for CSAT DI, you dont need any
separate book. Also dont waste time on internet gathering bank papers theyre usually too
scattered and bad PDF quality. Just hit the library and go through those magazines.
DI-3: Venn Diagrams

Sample questions from previous prelims:
1. [1998] There are 50 students admitted to a nursery class. Some students can speak only
English and some can speak only Hindi. 10 students can speak both English and Hindi. If the
number of students who can speak English is 21, then how many can speak Hindi, how
many can speak only Hindi and how many can speak only English ? Ans. 39,29 and 11
respectively
2. [2000] In an examination, every candidate took Physics or Mathematics or both. 65.8% took
Physics and 59.2% took Mathematics. The total number of candidates was 2000.How many
candidates took both Physics and Mathematics? Ans. 500
3. [2001] In a survey,it was found that 80% of those surveyed owned a car while 60% of those
surveyed owned a mobile phone. If 55% owned both a car and a mobile phone, what
percent of those surveyed owned a car and a mobile phone or both? Ans. 85%
4. [2011-II] There are 100 students in a particular class. 60% students play cricket, 30% student
play football and 10% students play both the games. What is the number of students who
play neither cricket nor football? Ans.20

There are two sub types:
1. logical Venn diagrams (we saw in previous article)
2. mathematical Venn diagrams (that well see here)
Dont assume A+B=total
Q. In a society 10 people drink tea, 4 people drink both coffee and tea..blah blah
blah..find total people in the society.
Wrong Approach
Total people in society =+ only tea drinkers+

only coffee drinkers+ (those who drink both
tea & coffee)
This is juntaas most common mistake in

Venn diagram. they forget about n
Right Approach
Total people in society =+ only tea drinkers+
Only coffee drinkers+ (Those who drink both
tea & coffee)
+ Those who drink neither tea nor coffee
(n)
Read the question description carefully. If
and when required take n=0.
As such Venn diagram is class11 topic but UPSC has repeatedly asked it both in pre-CSAT and
CSAT era. Perhaps, examiner considers it Reasoning and not maths. Nonetheless, Venn
diagram is a very easy NO EXCUSE topic. At max it should take ~3 hours to finish this topic at
home.
Start preparation with Class11 NCERT Mathematics chapter1.
page
What to focus for CSAT?
16
Properties of intersections. you dont have to mugup formulas, but understand the
concept from those colored regions in those five image boxes.
17
Example 18. this is the basic of all 2 circle Venn diagrams.

Formula of n(AUBUC). As such you can solve 3 circle Venn diagrams with just logic
21
of this portion minus that portion. but sometimes problems are trickier and you
need this formula.
22-26
All the illustrations and all the exercises.
27
Q.13 to 16
After this, solve all the sums in your Quant book (+ whatever sums you get in Pratiyogita, CST
etc.)
DI-4 Tabulation questions

[1996] The following table shows the percentage distribution of revenue expenditure of
Government of India in 1989-90 and 1994-95 : Expenditure Head (percent to total)
Years
Defence
Interest payments
Subsidies
Grants to State/UT
other
1989-90
15.1
27.7
16.3
13.6
27.4
1994-95
13.6
38.7
8.0
16.7
23
Based on this table, it can be said that the Indian economy is in poor shape because the Central
government continues to be under pressure to :
a. Reduce expenditure on defence
b. Spend more and more on interest payments
c. Reduce expenditure on subsidies
d. Spend more and more as grants-in-aid to State government/Union Territories
ANSWER.(b)
3. (2000) A club has 108 members. Two-thirds of them are men and the rest are women. All
members are married except for 9 women members. How many married women are there
in there in the club? Ans.27
4. (2001) A city has a population of 3,00,000 out of which 1,80,000 are males. 50% of the
population is literate. If 70% of the males are literate, the number of literate females is __.?
Ans 24,000
You can solve Q3 and Q4 by directly framing linear equations. but table = less changes of error.
Sometimes, question descriptions of tabular vs Venn diagram sound very similar, but the main
difference: the players in a tabular questions will not have overlapping. Observe
Tabular question
Venn diagram question
1. In a company ** male, out of them ** union
1. In a society 10 people drink tea, 4
members. Total female are **, blah blah
people drink both coffee and
blah..then find __.
tea..blah blah blah..find total
2. in a company ** people work in HR, ** people

work in R&D, ** people work in marketing blah
blah blah.then find ___.
people in the society.

2. in a society ** people own car, **
own bike.blah blah blah
Overlapping not possible. Man is man, woman

is woman. You can make two columns: union vs
non-union and further two sub columns man vs
woman.
same way, Person who works in HR cannot
work in R&D at the same time. These are all
Overlapping circles are possible,

people who like tea, may also like
coffee. Those who own car, may
also own bike.
separate columns. no overlapping circles.

This is not difficult, but juntaa doesnt practice at home so in the exam they cannot decide
which way to proceed- Should I make table OR Venn diagram? So, they simply start
scribbling data either in table or in Venn diagram, until they get nowhere after 10-15
minutes of calculation.
Then they try second approach, but make silly mistakes in addition / multiplication so finally
after wasting 20 minutes they leave the sum.
This is one of the main reasons why people cannot finish paper on time and fail in the CSAT.
DONOT start scribbling numbers, UNLESS you know exactly how youre going to reach the
answer.
Keep an eye on the wrist watch. DONOT spend so much time on a single question, even if its
Data interpretation.
Anyways where to get practice?
NCERTs not much useful here. Youll find some questions within Venn diagram chapter of your
quant book. Beyond that
1. Previous papers of General Studies (Mains) paper II upto 2012. Because in those years, UPSC
had statistics and DI section under Mains syllabus and they used to ask such tabulation
questions.
2. Bank papers given in competitive magazines Pratiyogita, Banking chronicle etc. but keep in
mind, UPSCs tabulation MCQs dont involve that lengthy calculations unlike IBPS/SBI.
H8: Geometry: Area volume perimeter (AVP)

1. [2005]A big rectangular plot of area 4320 meter square is divided into 3 square shaped
smaller plots by fencing parallel to the smaller side of the plot. However some area of land
was still left as a square could not be formed. So, 3 more square shaped plots were formed
by fencing parallel to the longer side of the original plot such that no area of the plot was left
surplus. What are the dimensions of the original plot? Ans. 120m x 36m
2. [2010]The diameters of two circular coins are in the ratio of 1:3. The smaller coin is, made to
roll around the bigger coin till it returns to the position from where the, process of rolling
started. How many times the smaller coin rolled around the bigger coin? Ans.3 times
3. [1998]A square pond has 2m sides and is 1m deep. If it is to be enlarged, the depth
remaining the same, into a circular pond with the diagonal of the square as diameter as
shown in the figure, then what would be the volume of the earth to be removed? Ans. (2pi4)m3
How to proceed?
if you dont have Sarvesh Kumar

(http://www.flipkart.com/quantitative-
aptitude-quantum-cat-common-admission-testinto-iims-7th/p/itmdwqbnmqzd36h5?
First NCERTs then your quant book.
if youve Sarvesh
Kumar
No need to consult NCERT.

Because he has neatly
summarized all theorms,
formula and special
questions given in NCERTs.
NCERT Class7 Chapter 11

206-208
all examples for area-perimeter related questions
220
example 15
221
example 16
223
do all exercises in 11.3
225-26
Example 20, 21, 22. Similar park-road question asked in 1997
226-28
all the sums and summary
Class9 Chapter 12: Areas related to triangles: HERONs formula

199
Herons formula
201
example 2
202
all questions
203
Q.3 to 6; Example 4
205
ex.6
207
all questions and summary
Class9 Chapter 13: surface area volume. Proceed in following sequence:
237
first mug up all the formulas given in this summary
211-213
Cuboids area related sums
227-28
Cuboid volume related sums. 1995: UPSC asked question similar to example 11.
216-17
Cylinder area related sums
229-231
Cylinder volume related sums
220-21
Cone area related sums
232-33
Cone volume related sums
224-25
Sphere area related sums
235-37
Sphere volume related sums
Class10 Chapter 12
225
example cost of ploughing the field
226
entire exercise 12.1
227
formula for area of a sector
230
Q3, 8, 9
231
Q10 to 14
231238
all illustration and sums important for CSAT. They keep asking such combo images
and shaded areas.
Class10 Chapter 13
This chapter deals with volume of combo figures. Semi-sphere above a cube & so on. Solve all
the illustration and exercises given here.
next article, we see how to approach the medium and low priority topics under mathematics
for CSAT.
Appendix: Download links
A1: Last three years ocial CSAT papers

https://files.secureserver.net/0s4I32bAjTl3bm (https://files.secureserver.net/0s4I32bAjTl3bm)
except CSAT-2013, all contain official answerkey from UPSC
A2: NCERT Mathematics Topicwise Sorted free download

https://files.secureserver.net/0fmaNqqBDslHlc (https://files.secureserver.net/0fmaNqqBDslHlc)
A3: Quant books: What to prepare, what to skip?

Beyond NCERT, youll need to practice maximum sums from your quantitative aptitude book.
However, not all chapters / topics given in such books, are important for CSAT. So, consult
following PDF files on what topics to focus and which topics to ignore:
1. Fast track to Arithmetic Rajesh Verma What to prepare what to skip for CSAT
(https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B0DPgaYAtDgmQ0Fya1QtUkpzTUE/edit)
2. Quantam CAT Sarvesh Kumar What to prepare what to skip for CSAT
(https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B0DPgaYAtDgmZkpna1FNV2N2RVE/edit)
Visit Mrunal.org/aptitude (http://Mrunal.org/aptitude) for more articles on aptitude, maths,
reasoning.
Mrunal recommends
SBI/IBPS Bank Exams
UPSC Civil Service
SSC CGL: Staff selection
CDS: Defense Services
CAT/IIM MBA Entrance
ACIO Intel Officer
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formulas approach explained (http://mrunal.org/2013/04/reasoning-logicalconnectives-if-unless-either-or-for-csat-cat-shortcuts-formulas-approachexplained.html)
Print | PDF (need Chrome) (http://mrunal.org/2014/06/studyplan-csat-aptitudepaper-2-maths-data-interpretation-high-priority-topics-sample-questions-free-
studymaterial-part-2-3.html/print/)
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So far 85 Comments posted
REPLY (/2014/06/STUDYPLAN-CSAT-APTITUDE-PAPER-2-MATHS-DATA-INTERPRETATION-HIGHPRIORITY-TOPICS-SAMPLE-QUESTIONS-FREE-STUDYMATERIAL-PART-2-3.HTML?
REPLYTOCOM=208624#RESPOND)
vivek
Mrunal sir, can you please upload your diary of mistakes for last minute
revision here, or that of anyone? Since we have very small time to make
our own.. It will be very helpful
ishi
I was petrified when i saw the math in last years paper > Good that i
stumbled across this blog which has brought a lot of relief to me. I can
now kick start my CSAT-2. Thank you so much. Warm Regards. God Bless!
B.i.D
Murnal Bhai.Can We Prepare for CSAT from Banking Related
Books.Or We Need to buy new books.plz advice
Suresh
Hi Mrunal
Ur pdf file Fast track to Arithmetic Rajesh Verma What to prepare what
to skip for CSAT description not matching with new revised 3rd Edition.
In pdf only mentioned Chapter numbers without title of the chapter. So
cant understand which chapter is imp and which to ignore.
For ex Linear system u mentioned ch27 but in this new ed ch 27 is Boat n
stream. New ed book not mentioned which ch newly introduced, I cant
get old ed ch details from net also. Pls kindly add ch titles or revise it for
new ed.
Thanks
nishant natu
sir the plan u gave for rajeah kumar is not matching to the new
edition..for some chapters it is very hard to guess coz u hav given page
no only n the new book is revised so chapters shuffeled.pls give
chapter names rather than chap number.
thank you..
MIKU
H6 averages and allegations , q3 from csat 2011.. the ans should be

N+20.
Abhishek Kumar
Hi Mrunal,
I cannot open the link of pdf file what to prepare and what to skip in
the books of Quantum cat(Sarvesh) and Fast track (Rajesh Verma). Kindly
help
Thanks
miku
no it okay ,N+5 ,my mistake..
vikram
mrunal sir .. Like CAPF , ACIO math and reasoning pblms .. Why are you
not solving CSAT 2011,2012,2013 pblms in detail ( You solve only paper 1
).. In case if it is available in this site .. could you pls help me retrieve that
??
pushpendra
Very useful indeed. Thanks. Are there maths questions for practice
available on ur site sir?
If any one could e mail me at my id push.sharma007@gmail.com
(mailto:push.sharma007@gmail.com)
Regards.
KK
Sir, What is the Difference between Critical and logical Reasoning?
Saurabh
Sir pls advice me some book on optional paper on public administration
Balmukund kumar
Notify me about all upcoming exams and their syllabus time to time.
surbhi
sir, im from hindi medium despite of that should i go through rajesh

verma or not is there any other good book 4 hindi medium ???? plz
guide me. thanks
vasudevan
U r making maths o phobia students to enjoy maths thanks to u Mrunal
sir u r awesome
sagar prakash kasbe

sir we like to strategy for gs paper 1 for prelim exam how to get 80
question right in that which books read and how to tackle the question
while you reading as such we know that how to pick the question bit as
soon as the we like to know that 1995 to 2013 question will come gs
paper 1 also as csat paper
Santosh Bhajantri
Hello Sir,
This is Santosh from Hubli(Karnataka), I am an UPSC aspirant & has
targeted for 2016. I found the details given by you in the website
regarding NCERT Books which will help to understand the basic concept.
1. Is it ok to refer new NCERT books which are easily available at book

stores now? or
2. Do I need to go for old NCERT books?
Could you please me in this.
Regards,
Santosh Bhajantri
ashok
Respected mrunal.
Sir please help me out of math phobia. Sir I have flunked my maths in
10th and passed in supplymentry with border marks 33. It started from
that time onwards. I flunked. Again I dont know how I cleared 4 math
subjects in my engineering passed. With writing at least 3 times each
math subject as backlog.
So again now I am facing the problem in csat.. I could only solve some
questions.
Please suggest me how to prepare csat and some special topics and
books.
om parkash
sir , though i am preparing for csat paper 2 according to your plan, can
you please refer a book with good quality sample papers,
so that, i could practice as the test series are very expensive everywhere
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CSAT Maths & DI - Studyplan Without Coaching, High Priority Topics

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[Studyplan] CSAT Aptitude Paper 2: Maths & Data Interpretation-High

Aptitude (http://mrunal.org/category/aptitude) / 11 months Ago /

Math haters are grave diggers

#1: 2012 unlikely to repeat

#2: GS Strength doesnt compensate math weakness

#3: One lakh Delhi aspirants

#4: Maths = competitive edge + peace of mind

Mathematics: What to ignore?

Doubtful syllabus topics in Mathematics

Highest priority (finish them first)

CSAT Math doesnt not fall from sky but NCERTs

Gather the weapons

Which Quant book?

Dont waste time learning Speed maths / Vedic maths

High priority topics

H1: Linear Equations

NCERT: Linear Equations

Quant book: Linear Equations

H2: Number system

NCERT: Number system

NCERT Powers & Exponents

H3: Percentages, Profit Loss, SI- CI

H4: Ratio Proportion Variation Partnership (RPVP)

H5: Speed Time Distance Work (STDW)

H6: Averages, Allegations

H7: Data Interpretation (DI)

DI-1: odd- graphs

DI-2: bar graphs, pie charts

DI-3: Venn Diagrams

Dont assume A+B=total

DI-4 Tabulation questions

H8: Geometry: Area volume perimeter (AVP)

Appendix: Download links

A1: Last three years official CSAT papers

A2: NCERT Mathematics Topicwise Sorted free download

A3: Quant books: What to prepare, what to skip?

So far in the CSAT paper-2 study plan

Math haters are grave diggers

#1: 2012 unlikely to repeat

40 MCQs. (=50% of the paper)

only 3 MCQs = dream come true for math

CSAT-2013 exam held. Only 3 maths and 40 comprehension.

Prof. Nigvekar submits report (http://mrunal.org/2014/03/nigvekar-prelim-reformsless-comprehension-csat-take-online-exam-two-years-validity-transparency-part-24.html#14) & recommends following

#2: GS Strength doesnt compensate math weakness

#3: One lakh Delhi aspirants

#4: Maths = competitive edge + peace of mind

edge, doesnt automatically ensure selection.

Mathematics / Basic Numeracy: How much upto ClassX?

Speed Time Distance Work

Permutation combination (how many figures

Subtotal: Odd balls

CSAT paper II q. (maths / DI upto class

similar asked in pre-CSAT era

2011 they gave a graph of A,B,C running and asked

1996- with four athletes A,B,C,D

2011: water contamination, various phases

1999: fertilizer input vs yield

2011: comparing speed of two trains

1995: comparing temperature of two

time speed distance Questions

Regularly asked between 1995-2012,

linear equations, HCF-LCM questions