13468-9-169P

AID: 1825 | 05/12/2014

Two-stage gas turbine

Show the two-stage gas-turbine with regeneration, reheating and intercooling, on
diagram as in Figure (1).

T s

Use Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases table to find specific heat
cP
k
capacity
and specific heat ratio
of air.
cP 1.005 kJ kg K
k 1.4

r
p

Find the pressure ratio across each stage in the given two-stage gas turbine
rp r

Here, the overall pressure ratio of the two-stage gas turbine is r.

rp

Substitute 16 for r to find

rp 16

Calculate the temperature at the end of the compression process for the two-stage gas
Tc
turbine
.
Tc Tmin rp k 1 k

Tmin
Here, the minimum temperature of air in the two-stage gas turbine cycle is
specific heat ratio of air is k.
rp

, the

Tmin

Substitute 4 for , 293 K for

0.4 1.4
Tc 293K 4

, and 1.4 for k.

435.4 K

Calculate the temperature at the end of the expansion process for the two-stage gas
Tc
turbine
.
1
Te Tmax
r
p

k 1

Tmax
Here, the maximum temperature of air in the two-stage gas turbine cycle is
rp

Tmax

Substitute 4 for

, 1073 K for
0.4 1.4
1
Te 1073K
4
722.1K

, and 1.4 for k.

qin
Find the heat input for the two-stage gas turbine
qin 2c p Tmax Te

cp

Here, the specific heat of air at constant pressure is

1.005 kJ kg K
Substitute

cp

for

Tmax
, 1073 K for

Te
, and 722.1 K for

qin 2 1.005 kJ kg K 1073 722.1 K

705.3kJ kg

qout
Find the heat output for the two-stage gas turbine
qout 2c p Tc Tmin

1.005 kJ kg K

cp

Tmin

Tc

Substitute
for , 293 K for
, and 435.4 K for
qout 2 1.005 kJ kg K 435.4 293 K

286.2 kJ kg

th
Find the thermal efficiency of the given two-stage gas turbine
q
th 1 out
qin

286.2 kJ kg

qout

Substitute

for
286.2 kJ kg
th 1
705.3kJ kg
0.594
59.4 %

qin

705.3kJ kg
, and

for

59.4%
Hence, the thermal efficiency of the two-stage gas-turbine is

Three-stage gas-turbine
Show the three-stage gas-turbine with regeneration, reheating and intercooling, on
diagram as in Figure (2).

T s

r
p

Find the pressure ratio across each stage in the given three-stage gas turbine
rp 3 r

Here, the overall pressure ratio of the three-stage gas turbine is r.

rp

Substitute 16 for r to find

rp 3 16

2.52

Calculate the temperature at the end of the compression process for the three-stage gas Tc
turbine
.
Tc Tmin rp k 1 k

Tmin
Here, the minimum temperature of air in the three-stage gas turbine cycle is
rp

Substitute 2.52for , 293 K for

0.4 1.4
Tc 293K 2.52

381.5 K

Tmin
, and 1.4 for k.

Calculate the temperature at the end of the expansion process for the three-stage gas
Tc
turbine
.
1
Te Tmax
rp

k 1

Tmax
Here, the maximum temperature of air in the three-stage gas turbine cycle is
rp

Tmax

Substitute 2.52 for

, 1,073 K for
0.4 1.4
1
Te 1, 073K

2.52
824 K

, and 1.4 for k.

qin
Find the heat input for the three-stage gas turbine
qin 3c p Tmax Te

1.005 kJ kg K

cp

Tmax

Substitute
for , 1,073 K for
qin 3 1.005 kJ kg K 1, 073 824 K

Te
, and 824 K for

750.7 kJ kg

qout
Find the heat output for the three-stage gas turbine
qout 3c p Tc Tmin

1.005 kJ kg K

cp

Tmin

Tc

Substitute
for , 293 K for
, and 381.5 K for
qout 3 1.005 kJ kg K 381.5 293 K

266.8 kJ kg

th
Find the thermal efficiency of the given three-stage gas turbine
q
th 1 out
qin

266.8 kJ kg
Substitute

qout

for
266.8 kJ kg
th 1
750.7 kJ kg
0.644
64.4 %

qin

750.7 kJ kg
, and

for

64.4%
Hence, the thermal efficiency of the three-stage gas-turbine is
. Also, the thermal
efficiency of three-stage gas-turbine is found to be higher than the two-stage gas-turbine,
due to the increase in the temperature at the end of the expansion process, and decrease in
the temperature at the end of the compression process.