Lahore University of Management Sciences

PHIL132IntroductiontoLogic
Summer2015

Instructor
RoomNo.
OfficeHours
Email
Telephone
Secretary/TA
TAOfficeHours
CourseURL(if
any)

CourseBasics
CreditHours
Lecture(s)

M.ShabbirAhsen
215

sahsen@lums.edu.pk
35608054

Recitation/Lab(per
week)
Tutorial(perweek)

4
NbrofLec(s)Per
Week
NbrofLec(s)Per
Week
NbrofLec(s)Per
Week

Duration

100Minutesx2

Duration
Duration

CourseDistribution
Core

Elective
Elective
OpenforStudent
PreferencebegiventoFreshmanandSophomore
Category
CloseforStudent
ThosewhohavedonePhil130
Category

COURSEDESCRIPTION
The course has been designed to introduce to the students the methods and techniques used to evaluate arguments. It
assumesnopriorknowledgeofeitherphilosophyormathematicsasitisanintroductorylevelcoursethatcoversthemain
areasoflogic,whichincludesbothClassicalandModernLogicalongwithInduction,ScientificReasoningandModalLogic.
ThecoursebeginsbyintroducingthebasicconceptsusedinlogicbeforeexploringthedomainofAristotelianlogic.Wethen
movetoModernDeductive.HerePropositionalCalculusandPredicateCalculusareintroducedalongwithdifferentmethods
for determining the validity of arguments (and generating counter examples). Induction and Scientific Reasoning will be
introducedafterPredicateLogic.Modalconceptsaretreatedtowardstheendofthecourse.

COURSEPREREQUISITE(S)

None

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COURSEOBJECTIVES

Tofamiliarizestudentswiththeconcepts,methodsandtechniquesemployedinlogic.

Tohelpstudentssharpentheirreasoningtalentsbyequippingthemwiththeskillstoassesarguments

Toincreasetheircapacitytoformulatesoundandcogentarguments.

LearningOutcomes

Therecognitionthatreasoncanbeappliedineveryaspectofhumanaffair.[Copi]

Toenablestudentstounderstandandcriticallyanalyzetextsandarguments.

Enhancingproblemsolvingskills.

GradingBreakupandPolicy

Assignment(s):
HomeWork:Nongraded.
Quiz(s):30%
ClassParticipation:
Attendance:5%
MidtermExamination:30%
Project:
FinalExamination:35%

ExaminationDetail

Yes/No:Yes
CombineSeparate:Combine
Midterm
Duration:100Minutes
Exam
PreferredDate:
ExamSpecifications:

Yes/No:Yes
CombineSeparate:Combine
FinalExam
Duration:100Minutes
ExamSpecifications:Closedbooks,closednotes.Helpsheetwillbeprovided.

COURSEOVERVIEW
Week/
Recommended
Objectives/
Lecture/
Topics
Readings
Application
Module
Introduction:
Chapter1.BasicConceptsinA
Introduction
BasicConcepts
ConciseIntroductiontoLogic
BasicConcepts
Week1
RecognizingArguments
(Page131,5970)
Diagrammingarguments

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Week2

Week3

Week4

Week5

Week6

Week7

DeductionandInduction
Truth,ValidityandSoundness
Counterexample
ProblemSolving

ClassicalDeductiveLogic:Thelogicof
terms
CategoricalProposition
ImmediateInferences
SquareofOpposition
Obversion,ConversionContraposition

CategoricalSyllogism:MoodandFigure

CategoricalSyllogism:
ValiditywiththehelpofVennDiagram
ValiditywiththehelpofRulesand
Fallacies
WeakSyllogismsandexistentialimport

TranslationofOrdinarylanguage
propositionsintostandardcategorical
Form
CategoricalSyllogisminordinary
languageEnthymemes
Sorites

DisjunctiveSyllogism(BothExclusive
andinclusive)
HypotheticalSyllogism:ModusPonens,
ModusTollensandPureHS
Dilemma
ReductioadAbsurdum

ModernDeductiveLogic:TheLogicof
Propositions
PropositionalCalculus:Syntaxand
Semantics
LogicalConnectives:Negation,
Conjunction,Disjunction,Conditional,&
Biconditional
TruthTable:Truthvalueofmolecular
proposition,Equivalence,Contradiction
andTautologies,Validity

Chapter1.BasicConceptsinA
ConciseIntroductiontoLogic
(Page3159)

Introductioncontinued

Chapter3.Categorical
PropositionsinAConcise
IntroductiontoLogic,(Page
188240)

Analyzingargumentsinvolving
singlepremise
Relationshipsamongstandard
formcategoricalpropositions

Chapter5.Categorical
SyllogismsinAConcise
IntroductiontoLogic,(Page
240275)

Analyzingargumentsinvolving
twopremises
Introducingdifferentmethods
forevaluatingsyllogistic
reasoning.
Spottingerrorsinsyllogistic
reasoning.
AnalyzingArgumentsin
ordinarylanguage
Reducingordinarylanguage
argumentstostandardform
syllogism/heapsofsyllogism

Chapter5.Categorical
SyllogismsinAConcise
IntroductiontoLogic,(Page
275285)

Chapter6.PropositionalLogic
inAConciseIntroductionto
Logic,(Page287328)
DilemmafromCopis

Introducingandanalyzing
typicalargumentformsusedin
everydaylifeandinspecialized
areasofinquiry.
Spottingerrorsinreasoning

Chapter7.NaturalDeductionin
PropositionalLogicinAConcise
IntroductiontoLogic,(Page
348403)

Enhancingreasoningabilityby
introducingsymboliclogic,
truthtabletechnique.

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Week8

Week9

Week
10

Week
11

Week
12
Week
13
Week
14

ShorterTruthTable:Validityand
Counterexample
OtherMethods:
TruthTreeanditsapplications
FormalDeductionandvalidity

PredicateLogic:Quantifiers
Translationofordinarylanguage
propositionintoPredicateLogic
Validity
Counterexample
PredicateLogic:
ValiditywithTruthtrees
ValiditywithFormalDeduction
Identity
Induction:
InductiveGeneralizationandFallaciesof
Generalization
InductiveAnalogy
CausalityandMillsMethods

StatisticalReasoning
explanation:Scientificandunscientific*
ThePatternofScientificInquiry
EvaluationofHypotheses
ModalLogic
ModalLogic
Reviewbeforefinalexam

Chapter7.NaturalDeductionin
PropositionalLogicinAConcise
IntroductiontoLogic,(Page
348403)
TruthTreefromJefferys
FormalLogic
Chapter8.PredicateLogicinA
ConciseIntroductiontoLogic,
(Page348403)

Introducingdifferentmethods
toevaluatearguments.

IntroducingQuantifiers

RelationsandIdentity.

Chapter11and12in
IntroductiontoLogic(482515,
519547)

Inductionandcausality

Chapter13inIntroductionto
Logic13thedition(559577)
Chapter4UsingStatistical
ReasoninginTheLogicCourse
Chapter12inThePowerof
Logic,2000(588603)

Logicofexplanation
ScientificMethod

Introducingmodalconceptsand
theirapplicationsinlogic

Textbook(s)/SupplementaryReadings
Hurley,Patrick
AConciseIntroductiontoLogic,AConciseIntroductiontoLogic,BelmontCA,Wadsworth8th
Edition,2003.11thedition,2012.
Copi,Irving
IntroductiontoLogic,NewYork,MacmillanCo.9thEdition,1998.14thedition2010
[13thedition2009(Pakistanireprint)isavailableinthemarket]
DeHaven,StevanTheLogicCourse,Ontario,BroadviewPress,FirstPublishedin1995.
Layman,StephanThePowerofLogic,MountainviewCA,MayfieldPublishingCo,2000,and2002.