What is a Rolling Bearing ? Why bearings?

The word BEARING

derived from the word BEAR
which means TO SUPPORT

Which is what bearings do ...

SUPPORT and GUIDE

The ball bearings in this

electric motor support
and guide the rotor

other machine elements

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What is a Rolling Bearing ?

Two types?

SLIDING or BUSH or JOURNAL bearings

and
ROLLING or ANTIFRICTION bearings
ANTI-FRICTION bearings
so called because they
have a lower coefficient of
friction (0.00015 - 0.004) as
compared to that of journal
bearings (0.008 to 0.020)
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The lower coefficient of

friction is achieved by
the super-finishing of
raceways

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Plain bearings:
sliding friction

Sliding Friction

Rolling bearings:
rolling friction

Rolling Friction
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ROLLING BEARINGS
JOURNAL BEARINGS

Rolling element
Hardened
inner ring

Lubricant

Hardened
outer ring

Journal bearing

The shaft which supports the load

runs in a lubricated bush

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The shaft which supports the load is

mounted on rolling bearings whose
rolling elements transmit the load
roll through hardened rings

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Rolling Bearing Components

1.
2.
3.
4.

Inner Ring
Outer Ring
Rolling Elements
Cage

Exceptions to the rule ...

Cylindrical Roller Bearings without
inner rings for direct shaft running
arrangements
Full complement Cylindrical and
Needle Roller Bearings without
cages
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Load Conditions

Pure Radial Load

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Load Conditions

Pure Axial Load

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Load Conditions

Combined Loading
Radial + Axial Load

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Load Zone

The Load Zone and Contact Points

When a bearing is supporting a radial load,
the load is distributed through only a portion
of the bearingapproximately one-third
(1/3)at any given time. This area supporting
the load is called the bearing load zone.
Every point or surface where loads are
supported by the bearing are load carrying
contact points or surfaces. These include the
outer Ring O.D.,inner Ring I.D., the adjacent
surfaces that form right angles to each other,
raceways and rolling elements.
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Roller and Ball Raceway Contact

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Classification of Rolling Bearing ?

Rolling bearings are classified as Ball
Bearings
and
Roller
Bearings
depending on the shape of their
rolling elements

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Classification of Ball Bearings

Deep Groove
Ball Bearing

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Four Point
Contact
Ball Bearing

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Self Aligning
Ball Bearing

Single Row
Angular Contact
Ball Bearing

Double Row
Angular
Contact Ball
Ball Bearing

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Classification of Roller Bearings

Single Row
Cylindrical
Roller Bearing

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Double Row
Cylindrical
Roller Bearing

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Tapered Roller
Bearing

Barrel Roller
Bearing

Spherical Roller
Bearing

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Classification of Thrust Ball Bearings

Single Direction Thrust Ball Bearing

Double Direction Thrust Ball Bearing

Double Row Angular Contact Thrust Ball Bearing

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Classification of Thrust Roller Bearings

Spherical Roller Thrust Bearing

Cylindrical Roller Thrust Ball Bearing

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Contact angle
The rolling elements transmit loads from one bearing ring to the other in
the direction of the contact lines
lines.. The contact angle a is the angle formed
by the contact lines and the radial plane of the bearing
bearing..

Ball bearings and roller bearings with symmetrical rolling elements have
identical contact angles at their inner rings and outer rings. In roller
bearings with asymmetrical rollers the contact angles at the inner rings
and outer rings are not identical.
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Pressure Cone Apex

The pressure cone apex is that point on the bearing axis where the
contact lines of an angular contact bearing, i.e an angular contact ball
bearing, a tapered roller bearing or a spherical roller thrust bearing
intersect.. The contact lines are generatrices of the pressure cone apex
intersect
apex..

In angular contact bearings the external forces F act, not at the bearing
centre, but at the pressure cone apex
apex.. This fact has to be taken into
account when calculating the equivalent dynamic load P and the
equivalent static load P0 .
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Misalignment properties of Bearings

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