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manyusUkta in RugvEda
RuShi: tApasa manyu
dEvata: manyu
ChaMdas: first three maMtra-s of the sUkta tvayA manyO is triShTup;
next four maMtra-s are in jagatI
manyusUkta in atharvavEda
RuShi: brahmAskaMda
dEvata: manyu
ChaMdas: 1st and 3rd maMtra-s are in triShTup; 2nd and 4th in bhuriktriShTup; last 3 maMtra-s are in jagatI.
The version that is in practice today everywhere is the one from RugvEda
and hence will be followed here too.
Presiding deity
Who is this manyu dEvata? Some say, manyu means anger (krOdha) and
hence the presiding deity of anger is the dEvata of the sUkta-s.
But who is this krOdhAbhimAni?
People say it is rudra: rudrashcha krOdhasaMbhavaH
However those who have understood the scriptures know that the
indweller (aMtarayAmi) of rudra, Lord Narasimha is manyu.
Isnt narasimha anger incarnate? Even brahma-rudra and others felt
scared to pacify the rage of narasimha. It was only when He saw the kid
prahlAda, He regained composure.
manyu not only means anger, it also means knowledge. mana j~jAnE.
mantra RuShi
Who is this RuShi, tApasa manyu?
He could be some ancient sage.
It was only AchArya madhva who made this amaxinh revelation in his
mahAbhArata-tAtparya nirNaya:
Smaran nRusimhaM bhavaMtamIshvaraM|
Sa manyusUktaM cha dadarsha bhaktyA| (27 140)
yastE manyO ityatO narasimhaM
sOmaM tasmai chA&rpayachChONitAkhyaM|| (141)
[bhImasEna saw the manyusUkta yastE manyO; while contemplating on
the omnipotent Lord narasimha, while ripping the chest of duHshAsana.
Hence this is a narasimha sUkta. In this sacrifice of battle, he offered to
the Lord the sOma juice called the blood drained from the chest of
duHshAsana].
One single mantra can be perceived by several RuShi-s. Therefore all the
three, bramAskaMda, tApasamanyu and bhImasEna are the RuShi-s.
tApasamanyu could be none other than bhImasEna. He was an ascetic
(tApasa) who lived in the forest. He was also manyu who stood in battle
against the kaurava-s. He is also the form of knowledge praised as
darshata in the vEda-s.
tapas means the Lord who is j~jAnasvarUpa. Being His aMtaraMga
bhakta and also His son in His original form, bhImasEna is tApasa. Since
he is going to reach the position of brahma in the future, he is alos
brahmAskaMda: skaMdir gatau.
The surprising fact is that the entire sUkta is very similar to the incidents
of the mahAbhArata! The story of bhImas fight becomes more significant
and meaningful to us than the story of battle of some unknown manyu or
some brAmhaskaMda.
Hence let us analyse the sUkta in this perspective.
ChaMdas
Having known that the mantra RuShi is bhImasEna and presiding deity is
Lord narasimha, let us look into the ChaMdas of the mantras.
(I am giving just a brief information about the prosody compared to what
is in the book)
The 1st mantra of the 1st sUkta is in jagatI
jagatI has 4 lines of 12 alphabets in each summing up to 48 letters.
The rest of the 6 mantras are in triShTup.
triShTup has 4 lines of 11 letters each, having a total of 44 letters.
In the second sUkta, the 1st 3 mantras are in triShTup and last 4 in
jagatI.
The presiding deity of triShTup is shachi and that of jagatI is all dEvata
strI-s.
triShTup is a ChaMdas comprising of 11 alphabets in each line and related
to the 11 rudra-s (EkAdasha rudra-s)
jagatI is a ChaMdas comprising of 12 alphabets in each line and related to
the 12 Aditya-s (dvAdasha Aditya-s) and predominantly viShNu.
sUkta 1 mantra 1
staying with us, we would win those on the side of dhuryOdhana, the
enemy of the world and those elders like bhIShma, drONa and others who
stood with him.
sUkta 1 mantra 2
sUkta 1 mantra 2
manyurindro manyurevsa devo manyurhot varuojtaved |
manyu via ate mnury phi nomanyo tapas sajo ||2||
manyuH | iMdraH | manyuH | Eva | asa | dEvaH|
manyuH| hOtA | varuNaH | jAta + vEdAH||
manyuM | vishaH | ILatE| mAnuShiH| yAH||
pAhi| naH| manyO iti| tapasA| sa + jOShAH||
manyuH = angered Narasimha; iMdraH = the supreme Lord (omnipotent),
the Lord in pradyumna rUpa, dwelling inside iMdra He who gave victory to
all gods, dwelling inside arjuna who was the amsha of iMDra and gave
him victory; manyuH Eva = the infuriated Narasimha; asa = he is; dEvaH
= the Lord of lords vAsudEva, the one who came as the charioteer of
arjuna vAsudEva kRuShNa; manyuH = the enraged Narasimha; hOtA=
saMkarShaNa who sacrifices all living beings in the fire of praLaya, He
who inside dharmarAja sacrificing all sinners in the fire of hell; varuNaH=
staying inside varuNa He who created night, aniruddha who filled inside
the universe for sustenance; jAta + vEdAH =He who revealed the Vedas,
the one who is the light in fire giving knowledge of all objects, nArAyaNa
who has complete knowledge of everything created; manyuM = the
infuriated naraishma; vishaH = people; ILatE = praise; mAnuShiH =
those who contemplate (mananashIlAH); yAH = those ; pAhi = protect;
manyO = Oh angry narasimha; tapasA = for the penance I performed sa
+ jOShAH = having the same love towards all of us.
The infuriated narasimha being iMdra (sarvEshavara) and being inside
iMdra brought victory to the gods; dwelling inside arjuna who was the
sUkta 1 mantra 3
abhhi manyo tavasastavyn tapas yuj vi jahi atrn |
amitrah vtrah dasyuh ca viv vasny bhartva na||3||
abhi | ihi | manyO iti| tapasaH| tavIyAn|
tapasA | yujA| vi| jahi| shatrUn||
amitra+ hA| vRutra + hA| dasyu + hA| cha|
vishvA | vasUni| A| bhara| tvaM | naH||
sUkta 1 mantra 4
tva hi manyo abhibhtyoj svayambhrbhmoabhimtiha |
vivacarai sahuri sahvnasmsvoja ptansu dhehi ||4||
tvaM | hi | manyO iti | abhibhUti + OjAH|
svayaM + bhU | bhAMaH| abhimAti + sahaH||
vishva + charShaNiH | sahuriH | sahAvAn|
asmAsu | OjaH | pRutanAsu | dhEhi||
tvaM hi = arent You; manyO = the infuriated narasimha; abhibhUti +
OjAH = the one with the brilliance of defeating enemies;
svayaM + bhU = He who came by manifesting Himself; bhAMaH= one
who is angered; abhimAti + sahaH = He who broke the pride of enemies;
vishva + charShaNiH = one who is capable of seeing everything; sahuriH
= He who is never subdued by anyone ; sahAvAn = one who pardons
mistakes of those who come to Him in faith;
asmAsu = in us; OjaH = the prowess to vanquish enemies; pRutanAsu =
sUkta 1 mantra 5
abhgha sannapa pareto asmi tava kratv taviasyapraceta |
ta tv manyo akraturjihha sv tanrbaladeyya mehi ||5||
abhAgaH | san |apa | parA+itaH |asmi |
tava| kratvA | taviShasya| prachEta iti pra + chEtah||
taM | tvA| manyO iti| akratuH| jihILa|
ahaM| svA| tanUH| bala+dEyAya | mA | A| ihi||
abhAgaH san = not taking any share; apa parA+itaH asmi = having lost
the kingdom I got to move away; tava= your; kratvA = from Your cause,
from the desire which is full of knowledge; taviShasya = that which is the
superior reality; pra + chEtah = Oh the treasure of knowledge; taM =
that kind of; tvA = you ; manyO = Oh angered narasimha; jihILa =
moved away rejecting; ahaM = I ; bala+dEyAya = for giving strength mA
= for me ; A ihi = come and join.
Oh the all-knowing narasimha! Rejecting the share of kingdom entitled to
us, I roamed in the forest according to your wish; I moved away without
participating in you task of cleaning the world. I also gave you up, gave
up your duty and stood inactive. I am your exact mould; your
predominant image; a major organ in the task of cleansing the world.
sUkta 1 mantra 6
aya te asmyupa mehyarv pratcna sahure vivadhya |
manyo vajrinnabhi mm vavtsva hanva dasynrutabodhype ||6||
sUkta 1 mantra 7
abhi prehi dakiato bhav me.adh vtri jaghanvabhri |
juhomi te dharua madhvo aghramubh upupratham pibva ||7||
sUkta 2 mantra 1
tvay manyo sarathamrujanto haramso dhitmarutva |
tighmeava yudh sain abhi pra yantunaro aghnirp ||1||
tvayA| manyO iti | sa + rathaM | A + rujaMtaH| harShamANAsaH|
dhRuShitAH | marutvaH||
tigma + iShavaH | AyudhA| saM + shishAnAH|
abhi | pra| yaMtu| naraH| agni | rUpAH||
sUkta 2 mantra 2
aghniriva manyo tviita sahasva sennrna sahure htaedhi |
hatvya atrn vi bhajasva veda ojo mimno vi mdhonudasva ||2||
agniH + iva | manyO iti | tviShitaH | sahasva |
sEnA + nIH | naH | sahurE | hUtaH | Edhi||
hatvAya| shatrUn| vi| bhajasva| vEdaH|
OjaH | mimAnaH | vi | mRudhaH | nudasva||
agniH + iva = like fire; manyO = oh narasimha; tviShitaH = shining;
sahasva = defeat;
sEnA + nIH = the leader of the army; naH =our; sahurE = one with
undefeatable valour; hUtaH = receiving our call; Edhi = become;
hatvAya = having killed; shatrUn = the enemies; vi bhajasva = distribute;
vEdaH = wealth;
OjaH = the strength to win; mimAnaH = givng; mRudhaH = enemies; vi
nudasva = cause injury.
Oh narasimha, destroy enemies by spitting flames like fire. Oh the one
with insurmountable valour, come heeding to our call; Come as the leader
of our army. Distribute to us our wealth, killing our enemies. Injure those
who come to fight, by filling us with the strength to win them.
sUkta 2 mantra 3
sahasva manyo abhimtimasme rujan man praman prehiatrn |
ughra te pjo nanv rurudhre va vaanayasa ekaja tvam || 3||
sahasva | manyO iti | abhi + mAtiM | asmE iti|
rujan | mRuNan | pra + mRuNan| pra | ihi| shatRUn||
ugraM | tE | pAjaH | nanu| A | rurudhrE|
vashI| vashaM| nayasE | Eka + ja| tvaM||
sahasva = defeat; manyO = oh narasimha; abhi + mAtiM = he who
caused menace from all directions; asmE = for me;
rujan = causing injury; mRuNan = squeezing; pra + mRuNan = crushing
their very life; pra ihi = face; shatRUn = the enemies;
ugraM = fierce; tE = your; pAjaH = strength; A rurudhrE nanu = arent
they surrounding? ;
vashI = he who has kept everything under his control; vashaM nayasE =
getting under ones possession; Eka + ja= helpless hero ; tvaM = you.
Oh narasimha, finish off that duHshAsana who is causing menace to me
throughout my life. Come towards the enemies causing them injury;
breaking their pride; breaking their bones. Havent they tried to go
against your supreme anger? The unparalleled hero who can fight without
any help, who has got everything under your control is capable of getting
them under your charge.
sUkta 2 mantra 4
eko bahnmasi manyavito via-via yudhaye saidhi |
akttaruk tvay yuj vaya dyumanta ghoavijayya kmahe ||4||
EkaH | bahUnAM | asi | manyO iti| ILitaH|
sUkta 2 mantra 5
vijeakdindra ivnavabravo.asmka manyo adhip bhaveha |
priya te nma sahure ghmasi vidm tamutsa yatababhtha ||5||
vijESha + kRut | iMdraH + iva | anava | bravaH |
asmAkaM | manyO iti| adhi + pAH | bhava | iha||
priyaM | tE | nAma| sahurE | gRuNImasi|
vidma| taM | utsaM | yataH | A + babhUtha||
vijESha + kRut = the one who gives victory, iMdraH + iva = like
dEvEMdra, like arjuna, anava + bravaH = he who does not utter inferior
words, asmAkaM = for us, manyO = narasimha, adhi + pAH = one who
protects, bhava =become, iha = in this battle, priyaM = that which is
lovable, tE = for you, nAma = name, sahurE = Oh undefeatable hero,
gRuNImasi = we praise, vidma= we know, taM= such, utsaM =
sUkta 2 mantra 6
sUkta 2 mantra 6
bhty sahaj vajra syaka saho bibharyabhibhtauttaram |
kratv no manyo saha medyedhi mahdhanasya puruhtasasji ||6||
A + bhUtyA | saha + jAH | vajra | sAyaka |
saHa | bibharShi | abhi + bhUtE | ut + taraM||
kratvA | naH | manyO iti | saha | mEdI | Edhi|
mahA + dhanasya | puru | hUta | sam + sRuji||
A + bhUtyA = from the strength of defeating enemies, saha + jAH =
manifested with it, vajra = Oh the one who attacks like lightening, Oh the
one devoid of defects, sAyaka = Oh the slayer,
saHa = the insurmountable hero, bibharShi = you are holding, abhi +
bhUtE = he who defeats enemies, ut + taraM = the superior one, kratvA
= from the act of combating, naH = regarding us, manyO = Oh
narasimha, saha = together, mEdI = he who has friendship, Edhi = you
become, mahA + dhanasya = of the war, puru + hUta = one who is
eulogised with several names, sam + sRuji = in the friction.
Oh! the one who assails like a lightening, Oh! the one without any
defects, Oh! the one who attacks like an arrow, you are the one who
came along with the natural prowess of destroying enemies. Oh! the one
who subdues enemies, you are the one who came with the supreme
might that doesnt succumb to others. Oh the one talked by the Vedas,
Oh narasimha, in this friction of war, along with the zest to fight show us
friendship kindly.
sUkta 2 mantra 7
sasa dhanamubhaya samktamasmabhya dattvaruaca
manyu |
bhiya dadhn hdayeu atravaparjitso apa ni layantm ||7||
saM + sRuShTaM | dhanaM | ubhayaM | sam + AkRutaM|
asmabhyaM | dattAM | varuNaH | cha | manyuH||
bhiyaM | dadhAnAH | hRudayEShu | shatravaH|
parA | jitAsaH | apa | ni | layaMtAM||
||bhAratIramaNa-mukhyaprANAMtargata shrI
lakshmInarasimhArpaNamastu||