Allplan Geodesy

Allplan 2014
Step by Step
Geodesy
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1st edition, February 2014
Document no. 141eng01s07-1-BM0214
Geodesy
Contents
Contents
Before You Start ... ....................................................................... 1
Requirements..........................................................................................................2
Feedback on the documentation ..................................................................... 2
Sources of information ....................................................................................... 3
Documentation ............................................................................................................ 3
Additional help ............................................................................................................ 4
Training, coaching and project support ......................................................... 5

Project and drawing files.................................................................................... 6
Basic settings for the exercises ......................................................................... 9
Track tracing...............................................................................................................10
Unit 1: Site Plan module .......................................................... 11

Overview of exercises ....................................................................................... 12
Exercise 1: main road ..............................................................................................12
Exercise 2: side road.................................................................................................13
Initial settings ..................................................................................................... 14

Exercise 1: main road........................................................................................ 15
Task 1: entering the road gradient ......................................................................15
Task 2: labeling and stationing the main road ................................................23
Exercise 2: side road .......................................................................................... 29

Task 1: designing the side road ............................................................................29
Task 2: labeling and stationing the side road...................................................34
Task 3: skewing the roadsides ...............................................................................37
Task 4: connecting the side road to the main road ........................................42
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Contents
Allplan 2014
Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module ................................... 45

Exercise 3: creating and editing a digital terrain model .............................. 46
Exercise 4: raising a 3D element.......................................................................... 48
Default settings .................................................................................................. 49

Exercise 3: creating and editing a digital terrain model ....................... 51
Task 1: placing terrain points ............................................................................... 51
Task 2: creating and optimizing a DTM ............................................................. 57
A note on meshing elements at the height of the terrain .......................... 61
Task 3: entering a breakline .................................................................................. 62
Task 4: drawing contour lines and labeling the DTM .................................... 63
Task 5: changing the smoothing factor of contour lines............................. 67
Exercise 4: raising a 3D element ................................................................... 69
Unit 3: road construction......................................................... 75

Exercise 5: importing DTM files ........................................................................... 76
Exercise 6: creating and activating a profile section .................................... 76
Exercise 7: adjusting height of road location line to gradient .................. 77
Exercise 8: torsion trace ......................................................................................... 77
Exercise 9: slope ....................................................................................................... 78
Exercise 10: computing cut and fill .................................................................... 78
Data on the Internet ......................................................................................... 79

Downloading data.................................................................................................... 79
Exercise 5: importing DTM files ..................................................................... 80

Exercise 6: creating and activating a profile section ............................. 85
Exercise 7: adjusting height of road location line to gradient ........... 94
Exercise 8: torsion trace................................................................................... 97
Geodesy
Contents
iii
Exercise 9: slope ............................................................................................... 101

Exercise 10: computing the cut and fill.................................................... 103
Additional steps to edit the DTM ................................................................ 106
Unit 4: importing files ........................................................... 107

Exercise 11: importing file using an offset .............................................. 108
Appendix .................................................................................... 115

Bridge construction ......................................................................................... 116
Bridge cross-section .............................................................................................. 116
Designing the road ................................................................................................ 117
Task 1: defining the path..................................................................................... 118
Task 2: entering cross-sections .......................................................................... 122
Task 3: exporting data .......................................................................................... 130
Index ........................................................................................... 135
iv
Contents
Allplan 2014
Geodesy
Before You Start ...

In this step-by-step guide, the most important tools of
Site Plan and
Digital Terrain Model modules
the
are presented to you in four units:
Unit 1 shows you how to create a site plan.
Unit 2 shows you how to create a digital terrain
model.
Unit 3 contains additional exercises for road
construction. You raise a road to the height of the
terrain, create a slope and compute the cut and fill by
comparing the original terrain with the modified
terrain.
Unit 4 shows you how to use the offset to import and
export files.
The appendix includes an example showing how to
Bridge/Civil Engineering Component.
create a
You can download the data for units 3, 4 and the
appendix from Allplan Connect, our service portal.
Requirements
Allplan 2014
Requirements
This step-by-step guide assumes that you are familiar with and have
a working knowledge of Windows and Allplan 2014. The essentials
are described in the manual and in the Allplan help.
It is a good idea to work through the exercises in the given sequence
as tools that are presented in more detail in the earlier exercises are
only referred to by name in later exercises.
However, you can work through the four units in any sequence as all
the given examples are independent exercises.
Feedback on the documentation

We are always trying to improve the overall quality of our program
documentation. Your comments and suggestions are important to us
and we welcome feedback on the manuals and online help.
Please do not hesitate to contact us to express criticism or praise
concerning the documentation. Feel free to contact us as follows:
Documentation
Nemetschek Allplan Systems GmbH
Konrad-Zuse-Platz 1
81829 Munich, Germany
Phone: 0180 1 750000
Fax:
0180 1 750001
Email: Dokumentation@nemetschek.de
Geodesy
Sources of information
Documentation
The Allplan documentation consists of the following:
The help is the main source of information for learning about and
working with Allplan.
While you work with Allplan, you can get help on the current
Help on the
function by pressing the F1 key, or activate
Default toolbar and click the icon on which you require help.
The Manual consists of two parts. The first part shows how to
install Allplan. The second part is designed to provide an
overview of basic concepts and terms in Allplan as well as
introduce approaches for entering data in Allplan.
The Basics Tutorial guides you step by step through the most
important tools for designing and modifying elements in Allplan.
The Architecture Tutorial guides you step by step through the
process of designing a building. In addition, you learn how to
analyze the building data using reports and to print the results.
The Engineering Tutorial guides you step by step through the
process of creating key plans, general arrangement drawings and
reinforcement drawings and shows you how to print the results.
New Features in Allplan provide information on what's new in
the latest version.
Each volume in the Step-by-Step series deals with a specific
concept or series of tools/modules in Allplan in detail. The areas
covered include data exchange, system administration, geodesy
modules, presentation modules, 3D modeling etc. As a
Serviceplus member you can download these guides as PDF files
in the Learn - Documents area of Allplan Connect
(http://connect.allplan.com).
Sources of information
Allplan 2014
Additional help
Tips on efficient usage
The ? menu includes Tips for efficient usage. This topic provides
practical tips and tricks showing you how to use Allplan efficiently
and how to carry out operations with ease.
User forum (for Serviceplus customers)

Allplan forum in Allplan Connect: users exchange information,
valuable tips relating to everyday work and advice on specific tasks.
Register now at
connect.allplan.com
On the Internet: solutions to frequently asked questions

You can find solutions to numerous questions answered by the
technical support team in the comprehensive knowledge database at
connect.allplan.com/faq
Feedback on the help

If you have suggestions or questions on the help, or if you come
across an error, send an e-mail to:
Dokumentation@nemetschek.de
Geodesy
Training, coaching and project support

The type of training you are given is a decisive factor in the amount
of time you actually spend working on your own projects: a
professional introduction to the programs and advanced seminars for
advanced users can save you up to 35% of your editing time!
A tailor-made training strategy is essential. Nemetscheks authorized
seminar centers offer an extensive range of programs and are happy
to work out a custom solution with you that will address your own
needs and requirements:
Our sophisticated, comprehensive seminar program is the
quickest way for professional users to learn how to use the new
system.
Special seminars are designed for users who wish to extend and
optimize their knowledge.
One-on-one seminars are best when it comes to addressing your
own particular methods of working.
One-day crash courses, designed for office heads, convey the
essentials in a compact format.
We are also happy to hold seminars on your premises: These
encompass not only Allplan issues but include analysis and
optimization of processes and project organization.
For more detailed information on the current training program,
please consult our online seminar guide, which can be found on our
homepage (http://www.nemetschek-training.de).
You can also contact us for full details
Phone: 0180 1 750000
Fax:
0180 1 750001
Project and drawing files
Allplan 2014

Start by creating a new project for the exercises in this step-by-step
guide.
ProjectPilot. As an alternative, select
You can create projects in
New Project, Open Project on the Default toolbar.
Note: The basic concepts of project organization are described in
detail in the Allplan help.
To create a project in ProjectPilot

1 Click
ProjectPilot on the File menu.
ProjectPilot opens.
2 On the File menu of ProjectPilot, click New Project.
3 Enter the project name Step by Step - Geodesy in the New

Project Specify Project Name dialog box and click Next.
Geodesy
Tip: Offsets can be used to

import supra-regional
country coordinates with
high numbers (e.g.
Gauss-Krger coordinates).
Offsets always apply to the
entire project.
In unit 4, you will learn how
to import files using an
offset.
4 Make sure that the offset is not selected and click Next to
confirm.
Allplan 2014
5 Clear the Template - Detached house with building structure

check box and click Finish to confirm the last dialog box.
6 Close ProjectPilot by clicking Exit on the File menu.
You are back in Allplan 2014. The new project opens
automatically.
You require the following drawing files to accomplish the exercises
presented in the individual units. It is a good idea to create these
drawing files before you start:
Unit
Drawing
Drawing file name
file number
Main road (location line + parallel lines) with label
Side road with connection to main road
11
Digital terrain model created by entering single

points
21
Digital terrain model, imported
22
Cut and fill: digital terrain model, imported
23
Cut and fill: unedited digital terrain model
25
Unedited digital terrain model
31
Point file with free ASCII format, imported using

an offset
Note: Allplan automatically names drawing files 22 and 23 when

calculating the cut and fill.
Geodesy
Basic settings for the exercises

All the exercises use the following basic settings.
To define basic settings

1 The Palette Configuration is active by default. Do not change
this setting. You require an additional configuration toolbar.
On the View menu, point to Toolbars and click
Landscaping/Urban Planning.
2 Dock the Landscaping/Urban Planning toolbar in the right
border of the viewport beside the Edit toolbar.
Tip: As the exercises in this
guide make constant
reference to the flyouts, we
advise bookmarking or
making a copy of this page.
Advanced Draft flyout

Site Plan flyout
Digital Terrain Model flyout
Landscaping flyout
Urban Planning flyout
Modifications flyout
3 Set the unit of length in the border of the viewport to m.

4 Set the reference scale in the border of the viewport to 1:1000.
5 On the Format toolbar, select pen thickness 0.25 and linetype 1.
10
Basic settings for the exercises
Allplan 2014
Track tracing
Track tracing facilitates the intuitive design process. It is active by
default.
To make settings for track tracing

1 Click
Line (Create menu - Draft module).
2 Click in the workspace with the right mouse button and select
Track tracing options on the shortcut menu.
3 Make the required settings.
Note: You can quickly switch track tracing on and off at any
time while entering points by pressing the F11 key or clicking
in the dialog line.
4 Click OK to confirm the settings and press ESC to quit the tool.
Geodesy
Unit 1: Site Plan module
11

Site Plan is a module that includes a wide range of
tools that are particularly useful for road and bridge
construction.
Amongst others, it includes tools for creating curves and
slopes of any shape, as well as for location line labeling
and stationing.
Additional tools are provided for creating point files and
for exchanging these with geodetic stations, for example.
12
Overview of exercises
Allplan 2014
Exercise 1: main road
Create individual elements
Combine the individual elements to produce a composite element
Create roadsides as parallel lines to the composite element
Define the labels for the road location line

Label the main curve points of the composite element
Disable the labels for the main curve points
Station the location line
Geodesy
Exercise 2: side road

Design the side road
Move the stations reference point
Station the side road
Skew the roadsides manually and in compliance with RAS
Connect side road to main road by filleting
13
14
Initial settings
Allplan 2014
Initial settings
First, set general defaults for the
Site Plan module.
These general defaults are used in all exercises in this step-by-step

guide.
To set general defaults for the Site Plan module

1 Click
Options (Standard toolbar) and then Terrain.
2 Set the options in the Site plan and advanced draft area as
shown below:
Make sure that point symbols and lines are created as 3D
elements.
3 Click OK to confirm the settings.
Geodesy
15

It is advisable to create the main road and the side road in two
separate drawing files so that you can see better and to reduce the
volume of data per drawing file.
To create the main road, start by entering the road gradient. Then
create the roadsides as parallel lines. After this, you can station and
label the road.
Task 1: entering the road gradient

To begin with, a brief overview of the necessary steps:
Create the road location line first. The following step-by-step
guide describes in detail how to do this.
For further editing, join the individual elements to form a
composite element , which can then be addressed, modified and
edited as a single entity.
Modify Element Parameters to check the
You can use
composite element once again.
Parallel Line Segments to create the roadsides and the
Use
shoulder.
First enter the elements of which the gradient consists. Use the
Modify Element Parameters tool. The basic procedure is always
the same:
Define the elements parameters on the context toolbar. While
you are defining the element, it is displayed in construction line
color on screen.
To ensure that the element has the same direction as the previous
one, specify the start point as follows: define the previous
element as the reference element and the end point as the
reference point. This way, Allplan automatically uses the
coordinates and direction defined by this point.
Finally, right-click in the workspace to confirm the settings. Now
the element is created, and you can continue and enter the
parameters for the next element.
16
Allplan 2014
To enter parameters
1 Click
Open on a Project-Specific Basis (Default toolbar),
make drawing file 1 current and close all the others.
2 Click
Tip: If you enter the value 0
for the radius, Infinite is
shown in the data entry box.
Modify Element Parameters (Site Plan flyout).
3 To define the start point of the first element, click XS (X

coordinate in start point) on the Modify Element Parameters
Context toolbar.
4 Define the start point of the first element using the global point
setting. Click
Global point in the dialog line.
5 Enter the following values for the global point:
Global X coordinate: 5
Global Y coordinate: 5
6 Press ENTER to confirm.

Now the element is displayed on screen as a construction line
based on the parameters you have set.
7 The first element is to be a line. To create a line, set the
parameters Rad (Rs) and Rad (Re) to 0 and enter 20 for the arc
Length. The context toolbar should now look like this:
Geodesy
17
8 Right-click in the workspace to confirm the settings.

The line is created using the pen thickness and line type currently
set;
Modify Element Parameters remains active.
9 On the context toolbar, click XS (X coordinate in start point) so
that the following element (a circle) is connected directly to the
line.
Tip: When designing circles, it
is important to change the
direction as circles are always
created in a
counter-clockwise direction.
10 Click
Delta point in the dialog line and then the line created
previously to select it as the reference element.
The direction is indicated by an arrow (see below). If the arrow
has the wrong direction, you can change it using S->E or E->S
in the input options.
11 Click the end point of the line to select it as the reference point
(see below).
The start point of the element automatically assumes the angle
and the coordinates of this point.
10
Direction of
element
12 Enter the following values on the context toolbar:

Rad (Re)
80.000
A= 50.000
11
18
Allplan 2014
13 Confirm the parameters.

The clothoid is created. Your drawing should now look like this:
st
1 element (line)
nd
2 element (clothoid)
14 Use the values given in the table below to enter the other
elements. All you need to do is enter the values that are shown in
bold; Allplan automatically calculates the other values. Repeat
the steps above:
On the context toolbar, click XS.
Double-click with the middle mouse button in the workspace
to refresh the display so that you can see the drawing in its
entirety.
Click the reference element (the element you created last).
If necessary, change the direction by clicking in the input
options.
Click the reference point whose angle and coordinates you
wish to adopt (the end point of the element you created last).
Enter the values as shown below (you only need to enter the
values shown in bold).
Confirm the parameters.
Geodesy
Type
Length
m
Straight line
already entered
Clothoid
already entered
Rad (Rs)
m
19
Rad (Re)
m
A=
Circle
40.000
80.000
80.000
Spiral clothoid
45.9375
80.000
- 40.000
35.000
Circle
30,000
- 40.000
- 40.000
Spiral clothoid
50,000
- 40.000
40.000
31.6228
Circle
30.000
+ 40.000
40.000
Spiral clothoid
45.9375
Circle
40.000
- 80.000
Clothoid
31.250
- 80.000
Straight line
20.000
40.000
0.000
- 80.000
35.000
- 80.000
0.000
50.000
0.000
15 Press ESC to quit the

Modify Element Parameters tool.
The result should now look like this:
20
Allplan 2014
The next step is to combine the individual elements to produce a

composite element, which can then be addressed, modified and
edited as a single entity.
To combine elements to produce a composite element

1 Click
Composite Element (Advanced Draft flyout).
2 Enter a name for the composite element.

Note: By assigning a name, you can select the composite element
without having to click it. This is very useful if several composite
elements are within a small area.
3 To define a reference element, click an element of the location
line.
4 Double-click with the right mouse button in the workspace to

select all connected entities.
5 Press ESC to quit the tool.
Note: The individual elements are displayed using line type 5 and
different colors. This is in accordance with the settings you made in
the options. Color display depends on the setting of Color stands for
Show/Hide (Standard toolbar).
pen in
If you do not want to display the individual elements in this manner,
Modify Composite
switch off the Dsp Ce parameter in the
Element tool.
Geodesy
21
In the steps that follow, you will learn how to check the data of
composite elements and of the associated individual elements.
To check data
1 Click
Modify Element Parameters (Site Plan flyout).
2 Click the composite element.

The context toolbar displays the parameters of the composite
element.
3 The Elements box shows the number of the individual element

clicked and the total number of elements in the composite
element. Clicking in the data entry box opens another context
toolbar containing the parameters of the corresponding
individual element.
Note: To peg out road location lines, you can create a list including
the individual elements and print it:
Import, Export Point File and create a composite element
Click
file; select the Show option and confirm the settings.
Then place the list in the workspace. Click

print the list on a printer.
Print Preview to
22
Allplan 2014
Now you will create the roadsides as parallel lines to the composite
element. The road is to be 7 m wide.
To create parallel lines

1 Click
Parallel Line Segments (Site Plan flyout).
2 Click the location line.

3 Click
Selected element in its entirety in the input options
as you want to create a parallel line to the entire segment.
4 Enter 3.50 for the offset.

5 Click below the composite element to specify the side on which
the parallel line is to be created.
6 Enter 1 for the number.
This creates the roadside on the right.
7 Create the parallel line for the roadside on the left. Enter -7.00
for the offset and 1 for the number.
Your drawing should now look like this:
8 Press ESC to quit
Parallel Line Segments.
Geodesy
23
Task 2: labeling and stationing the main road

Now you will label the main curve points and stationing points of
the route. This involves two steps:
Modify Composite Element to define the label.
First, click
You can set a different label type, symbol and offset for
stationing points and main curve points.
Label tool for the actual labeling. If the
Then, use the
element or the composite element has not been stationed yet, the
labels of the stationing points are only displayed after you have
stationed the element/composite element.
To define the labels

1 Click
Modify Composite Element (Site Plan flyout).
2 Click the road location line.

The Context toolbar shows the current settings.
3 Set the parameters as follows:
Statio (station's label type): Normal
St Sym (station's point symbol number): 2
St Off (spacing between station text in mm): 0 (= automatic)
Label (element's label type): Layout
Lb Sym (labels point symbol number): 1
Lb Off (element label offset in mm): 18
Lb Dir (label direction): S -> E
Dsp Ce (display composite elements): Yes
Ts L/S (text size factor): 0.8
24
Allplan 2014
4 Click the Toggle on the right and set the text height to 2.5 and
the text width to 2.0.
5 Click the Toggle again and click OK to confirm the settings.

This defines the parameters for the labels. The next step is to
label the elements.
Modify Composite Element tool.
Next, you will label the main curve points of the location line. First,
you need to define the size of the point symbols using the
Terrain Point tool.
To label the route

1 Click
Terrain Point (Advanced Draft flyout).
2 On the context toolbar, click Symbol. In the dialog box, set the
symbol size to 1.0.
3 Confirm the settings.
Terrain Point tool.
5 In the Tools palette, select the

Site Plan module.
6 Click
Terrain family and open the
Label (Tools palette, Create area).
The Label Site Plan setting is active in the input options. Leave it
as it is.
Geodesy
25

The composite element is labeled based on the parameters you
have set. Your drawing should now look like this:
Label tool.
Now you will station the composite element. The stationing points
are labeled according to the settings in
Modify Composite
Element.
To station the location line

1 First, deactivate the labels of the elements again by clicking
Modify Composite Element.
2 Click the composite element (see below).
3 To deactivate the labels of the elements, set Label to No and click
to switch Lb Sym off. To specify the station label offset, enter
5 in the St Off data entry box.
26
Allplan 2014

This defines the label.
5 Click
Station Element (Site Plan flyout) to station the
composite element. Make the following settings in the input
options:
Selected element in its entirety is set; leave it as it is.
Click
Select point symbol and select symbol 2.
Enter 1 for the Size of the point symbol.
6 Click the composite element (see below).
7 Set the station difference to 10.
This stations the composite element. The stationing points are
labeled according to the settings in
Modify Composite
Element.
Station Element tool.
Site Plan module let you create station

Note: The tools in the
labels that best suit your own preferences and requirements. In
addition, you can also specify the direction and start point of
stationing. The pages that follow provide an overview of the options
available for setting the reference point, the reference points default
station and the direction of stationing.
Geodesy
27
Reference point of stationing:

Starting from this point, the stationing is implemented. In the case of
composite elements, the reference point is displayed as a cross (in
construction line format).
You can move the reference point using Ref Pnt provided in the
Reference points default station:

The value used to station the reference point (see above).
You can change this setting using Def Sta in
Modify Element
Parameters.
Stationing direction:
The direction of stationing.
Click
Modify Composite Element and Lb Dir to change the
direction of the stationing. You can only change the direction when
the composite element is not labeled.
28
Examples:
Reference point = 0
Default station = 0
Label direction: S->E
Reference point = 5
Default station = 0
Reference point = 5
Default station = 7,5
Reference point = 0
Default station = 0
Label direction: E->S
Allplan 2014
Geodesy
29

This exercise involves designing the side road, which you will
connect to the main road by filleting.
Use a separate drawing file for the side road.
Task 1: designing the side road

The side road starts at station 217.88 of the main road and is to be
perpendicular to the main road. To design the first element (line), use
Modify Element
the Perp tool. To create the other elements, use
Parameters.
To create the side road (first element)

1 Click
Open on a Project-Specific Basis (Default toolbar) and
make drawing file 2 current. Open drawing file 1 in edit mode.
2 Click
Perp (Create menu - Draft module).
3 Click the location line of the main road (see below).

4 To define the start point of the side road, right-click in the
workspace and select
Offset by line on the shortcut menu.
5 Click the location line of the main road (see below) and, if
necessary, move the reference point to the start of the location
line (station 0).
Tip: Positive offset values are
always applied to the left in
relation to the element
direction. The direction of the
first element defines the
direction of the entire
composite element.
6 In the dialog line, enter 217.88 for

Offset to reference point
and 15 for
Offset to element and press ENTER to confirm.
30
Allplan 2014
First element of
side road
3
5
7 Press ESC to quit the Perp tool.

This completes the first element of the side road.
Note: You can use the
Station Element tool in conjunction
with the Part setting (input options) to create the station for the
side road's start point and thus check whether the value is
correct.
The other elements of the side road are created using the
Modify
Element Parameters tool, which is familiar to you from the first
exercise.
To design the side road (other elements)

1 Click
Modify Element Parameters.
2 To define the start point, click XS on the context toolbar.

3 To define the reference element, click the line of the side road
(see below).
4 To define the reference point, click the end point of the line. The
coordinates and the angle of this point are adopted (see below).
Geodesy
31
5 To create the first clothoid, enter the following values on the

context toolbar:
Rad (Re)
-30.000
A= 20.000
6 Right-click in the workspace to confirm the settings.

This creates the second element of the side road.
Clothoid
Line (perpendicular)
32
Allplan 2014
7 Enter the other elements using the values given in the table
below.
Type
Length
m
Straight line
already designed as a perpendicular
Clothoid
already designed
Circle
Spiral clothoid
Circle
Clothoid
Straight line
15.000
18.750
12.000
11.250
20.000
Rad (Rs)
m
Rad (Re)
m
A=
- 30.000
- 30.000
- 30.000
+ 20.000
15.000
+ 20.000
+ 20.000
+ 20.000
0.000
15.000
+ 0.000
0.000
8 Press ESC to quit

Modify Element Parameters.
Geodesy
33
You will combine the individual elements of the side road to produce
a composite element and create parallel lines at a distance of 3 m
from the location line in the steps that follow.
Tip: Here the approach is only
outlined briefly. For a detailed
description, please refer to
Exercise 1: main road (on
page 20).
To generate a composite element and to create parallel

lines
1 To create a composite element, click
(Advanced Draft flyout).
Composite Element
2 Enter a name for the composite element and click a reference

element on the side road. Then click twice in the workspace with
the right mouse button so that all elements are included in the
composite element.
The start point of the composite element (= reference point of
stationing) is indicated by a cross in construction line format.
3 Click
Parallel Line Segments (Advanced Draft flyout).
4 Create the parallel lines at a distance of 3 m from the road

location line. Your drawing should now look like this:
5 Press ESC to quit
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Allplan 2014
Task 2: labeling and stationing the side road

Now you will station and label the side road. The stationing is to
begin at the main road with a value of 0. Start by changing the label
direction and moving the reference point to the point where the two
road location lines intersect.
To define the label

1 Click
2 Click the side road (see below).

3 Set the parameters for the label:
Statio (station's label type): Normal
St Sym (station's point symbol number): 2
St Off (spacing between station text in mm): 5
Lb Dir (label direction): E -> S
Define the other parameters as shown.
Tip: If you want to see the
direction of the composite
element, right-click in the
workspace before you select
the composite element, click
Offset by line on the
shortcut menu and then click
the composite element. The
direction is indicated by an
arrow.

Modify Composite Element tool.
6 To modify the reference point of the stationing, click

Element Parameters (Site Plan flyout).
7 Click the side road.
Modify
Geodesy
35
8 On the Context toolbar, click Ref Pnt.
9 Click the point where the main road and the side road intersect to
define it as the new reference point.
The new reference point is indicated by a cross in construction

line format.
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Allplan 2014
10 If you want, you can now station the elements without having to
activate the
Station Element tool. All you need to do is click
Spacing on the Context toolbar, enter 10 and confirm the entry.
This stations the composite element. Your drawing should now
look like this:
Geodesy
37
Task 3: skewing the roadsides

Tight curves, road openings, etc. sometimes need to be enlarged in
order to accommodate heavy trucks, for example. You can perform
the enlargement manually or automatically (according to RAS
guidelines).
Both procedures are presented in this chapter.
Before you start, disable the stationing of the road location line so
that you can see better. Then station the roadside on the right.
The stations are to be spaced at 5 m.
To station the roadside on the right

1 Click
2 Click the road location line. Click the Statio data entry box and
set the label type to No.

The label is no longer displayed;
remains active.
Modify Composite Element
4 Click the roadside on the right.

5 On the Context toolbar, click Statio and set the label type to
Normal.
6 Click Lb Dir and set the label direction to E -> S.
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Allplan 2014
8 Click
Station Element (Site Plan flyout) to station the
roadside.
10 Enter 5 for the spacing.
Geodesy
39
You will skew the roadside from station -85 to station -60 manually.
To skew the roadside manually

The
Site Plan module (Terrain family) is selected In the Tools
palette.
1 Click
Skew (Tools palette, Create area).
2 In the input options, click Manual to skew the roadside manually.

4 Enter 6 for the number of stations.
This way, you can define values for the skew at six stations. The
Station-Dependent Skew dialog box opens. Enter the station in
the column on the left and the value by which the roadside is to
be skewed at this station in the column on the right.
5 Enter the values as shown below:
6 Confirm your entries.
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Allplan 2014
The roadside is skewed manually.

Skew
manual
The stationing points show the skew clearly.

Skew tool.
As an alternative, you will now use RAS guidelines to skew the

roadside from station -60 to station -20.
To skew according to RAS guidelines

Tip: If the
Skew tool is
still active, you can simply
click RAS in the Input
options.
1 Click
Skew.
2 Click the roadside on the right (see below).

3 Click the start point of the skew (see below). This is the end point
of the manual skew you performed beforehand.
Geodesy
41
4 Click the end point of the skew or enter the value at the
keyboard. The end point is at station -20.
5 Enter the offset in the end point by clicking this point again or
entering the value 0.
4
Skew acc.
to RAS
Skew tool.
7 Click
Modify Composite Element (Site Plan flyout). Switch
off the station label for the roadside and switch on the one for
the road location line.
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Allplan 2014
Task 4: connecting the side road to the main road

Finally, you will connect the roadsides of the side road to the main
road by filleting. You first need to isolate the roadsides from the
composite element.
To connect the side road to the main road by filleting

1 Click
Tip: A composite element can
only be exploded in the
current drawing file.
Explode Composite Element (Advanced Draft flyout).
2 Click the two roadsides of the side road one after the other (see
below).
Explode Composite Element tool.
4 Use the shortcut menu to open the drawing file with the main
road. Click an element of the main road with the right mouse
button (see below).
5 Click Change Drawing File Status on the shortcut menu and then
Current in the dialog box.
This makes drawing file 1 current and opens drawing file 2 in
edit mode.
Explode Composite Element again and click the (top)

6 Click
left roadside of the main road.
Geodesy
Tip: You can also use the

Fillet tool (Change menu
- Draft module).
7 Click
43
Fillet and Tangent (Site Plan flyout).
8 To define the first element, click the right roadside of the side
road (see below).
9 To specify the second element, click the (top) left roadside of the
main road (see below).
10 Enter 8.0 for the radius of the fillet.
Several circles are presented for selection.
11 Click the appropriate circle (see below).
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Allplan 2014
12 As you do not want to reduce the radius, confirm the prompt

displayed in the dialog line.
13 You can now create the other fillet by repeating the steps
described above. The fillet is drawn.
14 Use
Delete (Edit toolbar) and
Delete Segment of Line
(Change menu - Draft module) to delete the superfluous lines.
Geodesy
Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module
45
Unit 2: Digital Terrain

Model module
You can use the tools in the
Digital Terrain Model
module to edit and model terrain data in
three-dimensional space.
Based on point data which can be entered manually or
imported as a file, a three-dimensional model is created
by meshing points to form triangles. Special areas (e.g.,
building plots) can be defined in this model and cut out
later during the edit phase.
This unit will introduce you to the most important tools
of the Digital Terrain Model module.
In particular you will learn how to
Place individual terrain points in a grid
Create a three-dimensional model based on individual
points
Add points to a DTM and optimize the grid
Create contour lines and elevation points
Label the terrain
Raise 3D elements to the height of the terrain
46
Exercise 3: creating and editing a digital terrain model
Place points in a grid
Mesh points to form a digital terrain model
Add more points to the model
Allplan 2014
Geodesy
Enter a breakline
Draw contour lines in the DTM
Label contour lines along a contour gradient
Label grid points
Change the smoothing factor of contour lines by modifying the
DTM
47
48
Exercise 4: raising a 3D element

Create a standard 3D element
Raise the 3D element to the height of the terrain
Create a cutaway around the 3D element
Allplan 2014
Geodesy
49
Default settings
To set general defaults for the
Model module
1 Click
Digital Terrain
Options (Standard toolbar).
The Terrain page you selected in unit 1 is still open. If it isnt,

select it now.
2 Set the options in the Digital terrain model area as shown below:

4 Click
Representation (Digital Terrain Model flyout).
50
Default settings
Allplan 2014
5 In the dialog box, activate the display of all elements according

to the following illustration to ensure that all DTM elements are
visible on screen.
Geodesy
51
Exercise 3: creating and editing a digital

terrain model
Task 1: placing terrain points
In the task that follows, you will terrain points as individual points.
Start by creating a grid with a spacing of 2 m to help you place the
point symbols exactly.
To define a grid
1 Click
Open on a Project-Specific Basis (Standard toolbar),
3 To define a grid, click
Grid Settings on the View menu.
4 To define the global point of the grid, enter 0 for both the X axis
and the Y axis.
Tip: You should assign a point
number to all the points you
are placing. This way, you can
compute the cut and fill
without any problems later.
5 To define the width of the grid, enter a value of 2 for both the X
axis and the Y axis.
6 On the View menu, click
screen.
Grid on/off to display the grid on
To place terrain points in a grid

Tip: Point numbers are also
displayed when the
coordinates are checked by
means of the measurement
tool.
1 Click
2 Click Pnt No and enter 1.

The points are numbered, starting at number 1.
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3 Click Symbol, select symbol 1, set the symbol size to 5 and select
the Constant size in layout option (see below).
4 Click Text, select the Additional text check box, set the text
parameters as shown, clear the Additional text check box again
and click OK to confirm your settings.
Tip: You will also use these
text parameters to label the
DTM later.
It is advisable to clear the
Additional text option again.
Otherwise, you have to press
ESC each time you enter a
terrain point in order to skip
the prompt for additional
text.
Geodesy
53
5 Click Height and enter 0 for the height of the first point.
6 Set the other parameters as shown below:
Tip: For the label, you can
enter an alphanumeric value
that is up to 12 characters
long. The terrain point and
thus the points of the digital
terrain model can be labeled
with this value.
7 Click the Toggle and define the text parameters as shown below:
This defines the text size for the label of the grid points.
8 Click the Toggle again to confirm the settings.
9 Click in the workspace with the right mouse button, choose
Point snap options on the shortcut menu and select Grid
point.
10 Click
Reduce View on the View menu and place the first
terrain point on a grid point at top left (see illustration below).
11 Place the other points as shown below (construction lines, point
labels and the numbers of the axes are visible in this illustration
to help you place the point symbols; this information is not
displayed on your screen).
On the context toolbar, assign the height given below to each
point symbol. You do not need to change the other parameters.
54

Allplan 2014
Terrain Point tool.

Grid on/off to hide the grid again.
Note: When creating points, make sure that you always use point
numbers right from the beginning. You will need them later on when
it comes to computing the cut and fill.
Geodesy
55
Assigning point numbers

With the tools in the
Site Plan module used for creating point
symbols (e.g
Terrain Point,
Station Element,
Divide
Element,
Label,
Perpendicular through Station,
Import, Export Point File), point numbers can be assigned
automatically. The point number, which consists of a maximum of
eight digits, is made up of a four-digit primary point number and a
four-digit secondary point number.
The point numbers are defined as follows:
Terrain Point,
Label and
Import, Export Point File,
In
the parameters for Pr Pnt and Pnt No in
Terrain Point are used.
Divide Element ,
Station Element and
PerpenIn
dicular through Station, you can define the point numbers using
Select point symbol in the input options or
Terrain point
definition on the shortcut menu.
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Allplan 2014
Primary point number

It represents the constant part of the point number. Entering 0 will
set this off, i.e., no primary point number is used.
In Site Plan-Specific Point Definition, the primary point number
can be transferred automatically from an existing location line
Perpendicular through
number (for example, when using
Station). In order for the number to be transferred automatically, the
name of the composite element must include an encrypted number
beginning with #N.
Example: The name Location Line #123 used for a composite
element generates the primary point number 123. When
automatically transferring the number, the option for manually
setting the number is unavailable.
Secondary point number
It represents the dynamic part of the point number; this value will
increase with each consecutive point. Enter 0 to switch this off.
Perpendicular through Station tool automatically takes the
The
secondary point number from the reference element for composite
elements.
To assign point numbers later, use
Modify Terrain Point.
Geodesy
57
Task 2: creating and optimizing a DTM

Next, you will create the actual digital terrain model by meshing the
individual points to form triangles.
To create the grid

1 Click
Mesh, Optimize Grid (Digital Terrain Model flyout).
2 Double-click in the workspace with the right mouse button to

select all points or use the left mouse button to open a selection
rectangle enclosing all the points.
This creates the digital terrain model. Your drawing should now
look like this:
Mesh, Optimize Grid tool.
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Allplan 2014
In your daily work, you often need to add points to an existing

digital terrain model. First you will place the points using the
Terrain Point tool and then you will integrate them into the
model. Allplan will automatically optimize the digital terrain model.
Adding grid points to DTM

screen again.
Grid on/off to display the grid on
2 Click
Terrain Point (Repeat menu / Advanced Draft flyout).
The context toolbar should look like this:
If you have just entered the terrain points, the parameters set are
still correct. Otherwise, set the parameters as described in Task 1:
placing terrain points (on page 51).
Geodesy
59
3 Place the two points as shown below. The height of the points is
important:
Terrain Point tool.
5 On the Repeat menu, click

again.
Grid on/off to hide the grid
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The next step is to integrate these two points into the digital terrain
model.
To add elements to the DTM

1 Click
Grid Point (Digital Terrain Model flyout).
2 Select the two points you want to mesh with the DTM.
3 Click the DTM.
The two points are added to and meshed with the DTM. Meshing
is based on the principle of achieving a "minimum total of
triangle sides".
The following illustration shows the optimized grid; the dashed
lines show the grid before the optimization:
Grid Point tool.
Geodesy
61
A note on meshing elements at the height of the terrain

You can also use the
Mesh Element with DTM tool to add
elements to the grid. The height of the points meshed is interpolated
to the terrain. You can then optimize the DTM.
To mesh elements and optimize the DTM

1 Click
Mesh Element with DTM (Digital Terrain Model
flyout) and click the DTM.
2 Do not change the Polyline setting in the input options and select
the two points you want to mesh with the DTM.
Tip: You can use the
Grid
Point tool to modify the
height of grid points later.
Allplan creates new grid lines. Please note that the interpolation
to the height of the terrain produces new height values for the
points.
Mesh, Optimize Grid (Repeat menu /Digital Terrain

3 Click
Model flyout).
4 In the input options, click Optimize.
5 Select the two new grid points.
Meshing is based on the principle of achieving a "minimum total
of triangle sides".
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Allplan 2014
Task 3: entering a breakline

The task that follows involves specifying a breakline in the terrain.
You can use this tool to define terrain edges such as slopes, for
example. Triangles with these mandatory grid lines are not optimized
and calculated as breaklines.
To enter a breakline
1 Click
Breakline (Digital Terrain Model flyout).
2 Click the DTM in which you want to create a breakline.

Tip: Define the color used to
display the breakline in the
module's
Options.
3 Click the first point of the breakline (see below).

4 Click the second point of the breakline (see below).
5 Press ESC twice to finish entering points and to quit the
Breakline tool.
Geodesy
63
Note: Two additional tools are provided for editing digital terrain
models:
Exterior Boundary:
You can use this tool to create a new exterior boundary for the DTM.
The exterior boundary defines the area of a DTM within which
Allplan will perform calculations, apply labeling and update data
automatically.
Cutaway:
You can use this tool to insert cutaways in a DTM. Contour lines,
elevation points and labels are not displayed within these regions.
Task 4: drawing contour lines and labeling the DTM

To draw contour lines
1 Click
Contour line (Digital Terrain Model flyout) and select
line color 7.
2 Click the DTM in which you want to create the contour lines.
Tip: Contour lines can easily
be deleted using the
Delete incl. Contours
and Elevation Points tool.
3 You are prompted for the minimum and maximum height. Press
ENTER to confirm each time.
This way, contour lines are created for the entire DTM.
4 Enter 0.5 for the difference in height.
This defines the spacing between the contour lines.
The contour lines are created; the following should now be
displayed on your screen.
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Allplan 2014
Tip: You can use the

Grid
Point tool to modify the
height of grid points later.
The contour lines update
automatically.
Next, you will label the contour lines. In detail, the points of
intersection between contour lines and a contour gradient that you
will enter are labeled. The location of the contour line labels and the
Options.
number of decimal places are defined in the module's
To label contour lines

1 Click
Label Triangles, Contours, Points (Digital Terrain
Model flyout) and select line color 7 again.
2 In the input options, click Cont (contour line).
3 Click the DTM.
4 Click the start point of the contour gradient (see below).
Geodesy
5 Click the end point of the contour gradient (see below).

Tip: The font size used to
label the contour lines
depends on the settings in
.
The contour lines are labeled based on the settings made in the
Options.
6 Press ESC twice to finish entering the contour gradients and to

quit
Label Triangles, Contours, Points.
65
66
Allplan 2014
Now you will label the grid points. The font size depends on the
settings in
Terrain Point.
To label grid points

1 Click
Label Triangles, Contours, Points (Digital Terrain
Model flyout).
2 In the input options, click Point.
3 Click the DTM.
label the grid points depends
Terrain
on the settings in
Point.
4 Use the left mouse button to enclose all the points of the DTM in
a selection rectangle.
The drawing should now look like this:
Label Triangles, Contours, Points tool.
Geodesy
67
Task 5: changing the smoothing factor of contour lines

As the value for the smoothing factor is set to Linear in the Digital
terrain model area of the
Terrain options, the contour lines are
drawn linearly between the individual grid lines. If you want the
contour lines to be displayed more exactly, you need to increase the
Terrain options before you create the
smoothing factor in the
DTM. Alternatively, use the
Modify DTM tool.
Tip: The smoothing factor
only affects contour lines,
elevation points and
interpolations, and not cut
and fill, slope and surface
calculations, etc. The higher
the factor, the more time is
required for large models.
To increase the smoothing factor and the number of

decimal places for contour lines
1 Click
Modify DTM (Digital Terrain Model flyout).
2 Click the DTM you want to modify.

3 On the context toolbar, click Factor and set the smoothing factor
to 10.
4 Click Point and set the point label type to H + No (height +
number).
5 Click Decim. and set the decimal places in contour line labels to
1.
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Allplan 2014
The contour lines adapt accordingly. Your drawing should now

look like this:
As you can see, the contour line labels also update automatically.
Modify DTM tool.
Geodesy
69

In the last exercise of this unit, you will create a simple 3D element
(consisting of two boxes) and raise it to the height of the terrain.
Before you do this, however, you need to assign the same group
number to these two boxes to ensure correct results.
Finally, you will check the position of the building in the terrain by
creating a cutaway around the 3D element.
To create a 3D element
the
3D Modeling module.
2 On the Window menu, click
Bonus Tools family and open

3 Viewports.
3 Click
Box (Tools palette, Create area), open the
snap options and clear the Grid point check box.
Point
4 In plan view, specify the corner of the first box (see below).
5 Enter the following values:
X coordinate: 6
Y coordinate: 4
Z coordinate: 3
6 In isometric view, define the start point of the second box (see
below).
7 Enter the following values:
X coordinate: 2
Y coordinate: 2
Z coordinate: 1
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Allplan 2014

Box tool.
3D elements are always raised segment by segment; in other words,

every individual segment is raised to the height given. The two boxes
need to be combined into one entity group to ensure that their
height settings are retained. Otherwise, the position of the two boxes
relative to one another would change.
To assign the same group number to 3D elements

Tip: The two boxes can be
grouped automatically. To do
this, click
Assign Group
Number on the Format menu
before you create them.
1 Click
Modify Format Properties (Edit toolbar).
2 Click
Match parameters at bottom left in the Modify Format
Properties dialog box.
3 Click one of the two boxes.
Geodesy
71
The group number of the box clicked appears in the Group

number line.
4 Clear all the check boxes in the dialog box with the exception of
Group number and Line color, select line color 5 and click OK to
confirm.
5 Click the two boxes in plan view.
Now both boxes have the same group number.
6 Press ESC to quit
Modify Format Properties.
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Allplan 2014
3D elements can be raised to the minimum, maximum or mean

height. You can also enter a constant height. This exercise uses the
mean height. To determine this value, Allplan calculates the height
of the element in all its corners.
To raise 3D elements
Terrain family and open the
Digital Terrain Model module.
2 Click
Raise 3D Elements (Tools palette, Change area).
3 Click the DTM.

4 Select the two boxes by clicking them with the middle and then
left mouse button. This selects the entire group.
Make sure that plan view is active when you click the two boxes.
5 In the input options, click Mean to raise the 3D element to a
mean height.
The following illustration shows the effects of the Min, Max and
Mean options.
Min
Max
6 Press ESC twice to quit the
Mean
Raise 3D Elements tool.
Geodesy
73
Although you have raised the 3D element to the mean height of the
terrain, it is still not possible to see how the height calculated by
Allplan and the actual terrain heights behave in the building area. To
achieve this, you will create a cutaway around the 3D element.
Before you do this, however, you need to mesh the corners of the
element with the DTM.
To mesh elements with the DTM

1 Click
flyout).
Mesh Element with DTM (Digital Terrain Model
2 Click the DTM.

3 Click Polyline in the Input options.
4 Click the 3D element.
Points are meshed with the DTM and interpolated to terrain
height at the corners of the element.
The DTM should now look like this in plan view:
5 Press ESC to quit
Mesh Element with DTM.
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Allplan 2014
To create a cutaway around the 3D element

1 Click
Cutaway (Digital Terrain Model flyout).
2 Click the DTM.

3 Click the four corners of the 3D element one after the other and
press ESC to finish.
To finish, click the first point again.
The cutaway is created.
In isometric view, you can see how the terrain behaves around
the 3D element.
Building edge
Cutaway
You can see, for example, that the building corner at top left is
above the height of the terrain. You can use
Raise 3D
Elements to lower it.
5 Set the view to
Cutaway tool.
1 Viewport (Window menu).
Geodesy
Unit 3: road construction
75

In this unit, you will define routes and roads using the
Digital Terrain Model and
Site Plan
tools in the
modules.
Import data of points and composite elements as a file
Create a profile section from a DTM and activate this
section
Adjust a road location line to a gradient
Create and use a torsion trace to determine the
transverse slope of a route
Create a slope
Compute the fill in the terrain
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Allplan 2014
Exercise 5: importing DTM files
Import data of points and composite elements into the user's data
exchange directory
Import files to the current drawing file
Exercise 6: creating and activating a profile section

Define a profile section along the road location line through the
terrain
Place an extract
Geodesy
77
Height
Station
Exercise 7: adjusting height of road location line to gradient

Draw a gradient in the extract
Adjust the height of the road location line to the gradient
Height
Station
Exercise 8: torsion trace

Create a torsion trace
Adjust roadsides automatically to the transverse slope determined
by the torsion trace
78
Exercise 9: slope
Create a slope
Exercise 10: computing cut and fill

To compute the fill
Allplan 2014
Geodesy
79
Data on the Internet

You can download the data for the exercises in this guide from
Allplan Connect, our service portal.
Downloading data
You can download the training data from Allplan Connect, the
international service portal for all Allplan users.
Go to
connect.allplan.com
Use your customer number and email address to register.
Registration is free and not subject to any conditions.
The whole process only takes a few minutes.
You can find the training data for this step-by-step guide in
Allplan Connect in the Learn area - Documentation - Step by
Step.
In addition to the training data, you can find the latest version of
this document as a PDF file.
Download the training data from Allplan Connect, open the
zipped file and copy all data to any folder (C:\data\allgeo, for
example).
Note: Serviceplus customers have access to a number of advanced
step-by-step guides in Allplan Connect's Learn area. It usually takes
one to two working days until you can access this restricted area and
download these documents. Please note that this service is available
to Serviceplus customers only.
For general information on Serviceplus, go to
http://www.nemetschek-allplan.de/serviceplus
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Allplan 2014

You will create a realistic digital terrain model based on a finished
point file. This way, you do not have to enter all points manually. In
this section you will import the file and create a DTM by meshing
the points.
The entire process involves five steps:
In the Services application, import the files (for the DTM and the
road location line) into the current project.
Import the point file into the current drawing file.
To mesh points to form a digital terrain model
Copy the DTM to another drawing file (for computing the cut and
fill).
Import the road location line as a composite element (in the Site
Plan module).
To import files into the data exchange folder

1 Switch to the Services application.
2 Click DXF/DWG, point to DTM files and choose Restore DTM
files.
Geodesy
81
3 A dialog box opens. Select the folder to which the files are to be
imported.
4 As the point files are to be copied to a subfolder, select User

exchange folder and click OK to confirm.
The Browse for Folder dialog box opens where Allplan prompts
you to specify the source of the data.
5 Select the folder with the data (e.g. C:\data\allgeo) and click OK
to confirm.
If you use this step-by-step guide as a PDF file on CD, insert the
CD in the appropriate drive and then navigate to this drive:
<CD drive letter e.g. E>:\DATA\ALLGEO
Click OK to confirm.
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Allplan 2014
6 The Multi-select dialog box appears.
Tip: To open the user

exchange folder directly in
Windows Explorer, select the
Service menu, point to
Windows Explorer and click
My own CAD documents
(USR).
7 Click allgeo.re1 and wegachse.re1 and click OK to confirm.

The files are imported into
...\Nemetschek\Allplan\2014\Usr\Local\I_O.
The next step is to import the terrain model onto a separate drawing
file. In advance you use
Terrain Point to specify which
parameters are to be assigned to the points (symbol, text, size, etc.)
to be imported.
To import the point file into the current drawing file

1 Switch back to Allplan 2014.
2 Click
4 To define the parameters for the points to be imported, click
Geodesy
83
5 Set the following parameters on the context toolbar:

Click Text and switch off Additional text and Special text. By
doing so, the points are not labeled when they are imported.
Click Symbol, select symbol 1 and set the symbol size to 1.
Enter the other parameters as shown below. You do not need
to set Pnt No (point number) exactly as the points have
already numbers (from the file). But the point number has to
be enabled so that points created later are numbered.
Terrain Point tool.
7 To import the point file, click

(Digital Terrain Model flyout).
Import, Export Point File

F Type: Coor F (coordinate file)
F Ext: re1
Imp/Ex: Import (import file)
Set the other parameters as shown.
9 Click Apply to confirm the settings.

The folder specified in the Save/load area on the Desktop
environment page (
Options) is preset in the open dialog box.
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Allplan 2014
10 Set the path to the user exchange folder

(...\Nemetschek\Allplan\2014\Usr\Local\I_O), select the
allgeo.re1 file and click Open to confirm the dialog box.
The file is imported to the current drawing file.
Tip: To label points you have
already imported:
1st step: create a coordinate
file from the points you want
to label (using the
tool).
2nd step: delete the points on
the drawing file or switch to
a different drawing file
(otherwise the points exist
twice).
3rd step: select the desired
Terrain Point).
text (in
4th step: import the points
again.
Import, Export Point File tool.
12 Click
Zoom All at the bottom of the viewport to display all
the points.
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85
Exercise 6: creating and activating a profile

section
In the following exercise, you will create the digital terrain model by
meshing points to form triangles.
Then you will copy the DTM to a different drawing file so that the
original terrain is available for subsequent cut and fill calculations.
Finally, you will import the file with the road location line.
To mesh points to form a digital terrain model

1 Click
Mesh, Optimize Grid (Digital Terrain Model flyout).
2 Double-click with the right mouse button in the workspace to

address all the points in the drawing file.
Tip: If the grid lines are not
displayed,
check the settings in the
Representation tool
(Digital Terrain Model
flyout).

The DTM should now look like this:
As the original terrain is required for subsequent cut and fill

calculations, copy the imported model to another drawing file.
4 On the File menu, click
Documents....
Copy, Move Elements between
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Allplan 2014
5 The Across documents dialog box opens. Select the Copy option
and click OK to confirm.
6 Select drawing file 25 and click OK to confirm.

7 In the input options, click All or double-click with the right
mouse button in the workspace to address all the elements in the
drawing file.
The
Copy, Move Elements between Documents tool closes
automatically.
8 To import the file with the road location line, click
Export Point File (Advanced Draft flyout).
Import,
9 On the context toolbar, click F Type, select Composite element

and click Apply to confirm the settings.
10 Double-click the wegachse.re1 file with the left mouse button in
the open dialog box.
The result should look like this (the illustration shows the road
location line highlighted in blue):
Geodesy
Road
location line
As 'Create composite element with fixed format properties' is

selected in the
Options and Color stands for pen is not
selected in
Show/Hide (Default toolbar), the composite
element is displayed in different colors.
The next step is to define a profile section through the terrain. The
imported road location line will serve as the bearer element. Based
on this profile section, you will then generate an extract and draw
the gradient.
To create a profile section

1 Click
Profile Section (Digital Terrain Model flyout).
2 Click the DTM of which you want to create a profile section.
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Allplan 2014

Grid: Yes
Stat S: 0 (automatic station difference, only possible when
Grid is set to Yes or Spec)
P Type: Longit
4 Set the other parameters as shown:
5 Click the road location line to define the section line.

Tip: If you have not clicked the road location line exactly, an
orthogonal section line is created. Press ESC to quit the tool, click
Undo (Standard toolbar), zoom in on the DTM and start
again!
Profile Section tool.

The road location line is stationed at the points where it intersects
the grid lines.
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89
Now you will create an extract and place it below the DTM.
To place an extract
1 Click
Activate Profile Section (Digital Terrain Model flyout).
2 Click the profile section.

Note: If the warning Define Pattern Line first! appears when you
click the profile section, select
Pattern Line Settings (Format
toolbar), choose any pattern line and click OK to confirm.
3 Set the following parameters on the Context toolbar:
Note: Make sure that the Aspect parameter is set to 1.

4 Place the extract below the DTM.
Activate Profile Section tool.
The extract should look like this:
Height
Station
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Allplan 2014
Reference height of horizon and reference scale of height

The reference horizon's upper limit and the height's reference scale
are mutually dependent. Allplan calculates the reference horizon
based on the values you specify for the height level and the smallest
height of the terrain.
In this example, the profile is defined by 5.00 and 15.00 [mm] for
the terrain above the profile box. With the height's reference scale
set to 1:1000, these values result in a length of 20.00 m. The
smallest height of the terrain is -13.068 m.
The maximum height of the reference horizon is thus
-13,068 20,00 = -33.068 m.
When you enter 500 for the height's reference scale, the same values
result in a length of 10.00 m and the maximum height of the
reference horizon is -13.068 10.00 = -23.068 m.
This value is displayed in the Input options when you select the
horizon. When you change the height's reference scale to 1000,
Allplan will automatically set the height of the reference horizon to
the maximum value.
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91
Next, you will delete the profile section as it is no longer required.
To delete the profile using the DTM filter

The
Digital Terrain Model module (Terrain family) is
selected in the Tools palette.
1 Click
Delete incl. Contours and Elevation Points (Tools
palette, Change area).
2 To delete the profile section only, use a filter. On the Filter
Assistant toolbar, click
Filter by DTM Element Type (Filter
by Element Type flyout):
3 Select Profile section and click OK to confirm.

4 Use the left mouse button to open a selection rectangle around
the entire profile section.

Points tool.
Delete incl. Contours and Elevation
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Allplan 2014
Using several profiles in an extract

You can also use several profiles (even from different DTMs) in an
extract.
Several identical profiles in an extract
You can display the original status, planning, and spoil status of a
terrain in an extract in order to measure the differences in area, for
example. To do this, create a profile section for each DTM with an
identical clipping line (for example, by using the same bearer
element each time). Activate all the drawing files and select the
relevant clipping lines.
Example of a longitudinal profile with several horizons:
Section: AAA
Scale 1:100/50
Actual level
Ref. height
Center of
Planned level
AAA
A=10.84 m
BBB
A=10.37 m
Station
Height lines without skew
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93
Several different profiles in an extract

What is important when creating the profile sections is the stationing
of the individual profiles. For the profile section to be displayed
without breaks, the end station of the first profile section must
match the start station of the second profile section.
Example: activating a transverse profile and a longitudinal profile
The end station of the first (transverse) profile is 1.3 m.
Consequently, the first station of the second (longitudinal) profile
must also be 1.3. Therefore, the second element must be a composite
element as a station origin can only be defined here.
Axis
Longit
Station 1.3 m
Tr. profile 1
Offset 1.3 m
Station 0+010.00
Scale 1:100/50
Axis
Skew
Ref. height
Height
Summing up the horizons

with sequential stations
Longit.
Station
Height lines with skew
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Exercise 7: adjusting height of road location

line to gradient
You will enter the height gradient of the road as a spline in the
extract placed. In practice, you will probably design the gradient
Line and
Fillet or
more precisely and, for example, use
import a file.
To ensure that this step-by-step guide is clear and easy to
understand, you will use a simple spline for the gradient.
To draw a gradient
Tip: On the Format toolbar,
select a different color for the
spline so that it is clearly
visible.
1 Click
Spline (Create menu - Draft module).
2 Leave the settings as they are and draw the spline in the extract.
Note the sequence (points 1 to 5) in which you enter the spline
(see below).
To ensure that the length and the direction of the gradient
coincide with the length and direction of the road line, click the
left start point of the extract (1) to define the starting point of the
spline and click the right end point of the extract (5) to define the
end point of the spline.
Height
Station
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95
3 Press ESC to finish creating the spline.

Spline tool.
The following should now be displayed on your screen:
Spline as a
gradient
Height
Station
Now you will station the road location line. This way, you define the
polygonization of the road, the points for exactly transferring the
height from the gradient and the location of transverse profiles you
will create later.
Tip: If you have created or
imported a gradient that has
the wrong direction,
change the direction of the
composite element before
you station it (with Lb Dir in
Modify Composite
Element).
To station the road location line

1 Click
Station Element (Site Plan flyout).

Select point symbol and select
2 In the input options, click

symbol 2.
4 Enter 10.0 for the station difference in the dialog line.

The road location line is stationed.
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Allplan 2014
In the next step, you will use

Modify Terrain Point Height to
adjust the road location line to the gradient. The stationing points
will be raised or lowered to the height of the gradient.
To adjust the road location line to the gradient

1 Click
Modify Terrain Point Height (Site Plan flyout).

The start point is indicated by a small direction arrow.
3 Click the gradient you have just drawn as a spline in the extract.
Height
Station
This is the height of

the first point
4 Enter -3.993 for the reference height (as specified in the extract).
The road location line is adjusted to the height of the gradient at
the stationing points.
Modify Terrain Point Height tool.
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97

The following exercise involves creating a torsion trace. You will
then use this torsion trace to create the transverse slope of the road
automatically.
To create a torsion trace

label the torsion trace
depends on the settings of
the text parameters in
Modify Composite
Element.
1 Select the
2 Click
Site Plan module in the Tools palette.

Label (Tools palette, Create area).
3 In the Input options, click Tors (torsion trace).

5 Enter the value 1. This value defines how many units of length
are used to display a torsion of 1%.
6 Enter the speed: 40.
7 Place the torsion trace below the extract.
The torsion for the right roadside is displayed as a dashed line;
the one for the left roadside as a continuous line.
A = Torsion for left roadside

B = Torsion for right roadside
Label tool.
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Allplan 2014
Now, you will create the roadsides as parallel lines to the road
location line at a distance of 3.5 m.
To create parallel lines

1 Click
Parallel Line Segments (Site Plan flyout).
2 Create the parallel lines at a distance of 3.5 m from the road

location line. Your drawing should now look like this:
3 Press ESC to quit
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99
Next, you will station the roadsides by dropping a perpendicular

from the stationing points of the road location line to the roadsides.
The transverse slope of the road is computed from the torsion trace
created beforehand; Allplan automatically calculates the height
values for the roadsides.
To station the roadsides

1 Click
Perpendicular through Station (Site Plan flyout).

3 Click the torsion trace (see below).
4 Click the torsion trace for the roadside on the left (which is
represented by a continuous line).
5 Click the roadside on the left.
6 Repeat steps 2 to 5 for the other roadside. Click the torsion trace
for the right roadside (which is represented by a dashed line).
Perpendicular through Station tool.
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Allplan 2014
8 We recommend working with

3 Viewports (zoom in on the
drawing, hide grid points and triangular lines and select the Color
stands for pen option) to look at the new points:
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101
Exercise 9: slope
The following exercise shows how to create a slope.
To create a slope
1 Click
Slope (Digital Terrain Model flyout).
2 Click the DTM.

3 Click the roadside on the left (see below) to define the first
element of the slope.
Make sure that you do not click the element near a stationing
point.
4 In the input options, click
Polygonize entire element and
click the start point of the left roadside, which is highlighted in
red.
5 Click the roadside on the right (see below) to define the second
element of the slope.
6 Click the end point of the right roadside, which is highlighted in
red (see below).
This illustration does not show the grid lines and points so that
you can see better.
102
Tip: If you want to define

different inclinations,
enter the station to which the
inclination is to apply in step
9, then define a new
inclination, enter the station
to which this inclination is to
apply and so on.
Exercise 9: slope
Allplan 2014
7 Press ESC to finish entering the outline of the slope. The polyline
closes automatically.
8 Enter the parameters for the slope:
Incl: 1:x
Cut: 1.000
Fill: 1.500
9 As you do not want to define several sloping regions with

different angles, confirm the prompt displayed in the dialog line.
The slope is created. Your drawing should now look like this:
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103
Exercise 10: computing the cut and fill

In the following exercise, you will compute the fill by comparing the
edited DTM (in the current drawing file) with the original DTM (in
the drawing file in edit mode).
Allplan calculates cut and fill according to REB 22.013. The result is
a prism drawing, which is created automatically, and a report you
can use to check the calculations.
Finally you will label the prism drawing.
To compute the cut and fill

1 Open drawing file 25 with the original DTM in edit mode.
2 Click
Compute Cut and Fill (Digital Terrain Model flyout).
3 Set the parameters as shown below and click OK to confirm.

Note: The fills representing the cut and fill in the drawing files ca
nbe hidden using
Show/Hide.
Tip: If the points clicked are

part of both DTMs, the DTM
in the drawing file open in
edit mode automatically
serves as the original DTM
and the DTM in the current
drawing file as the edited
DTM.
4 Click the first DTM (which is to serve as the original DTM).

5 Select drawing file 23. Allplan will place the prism drawing for
the original DTM in this file.
6 Click the second DTM.
7 Select drawing file 22. Allplan will place the prism drawing for
the edited DTM in this file.
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Exercise 10: computing the cut and fill
Allplan 2014
8 The Reports dialog box appears in which you can select

predefined reports.
If necessary, click Default on the left, select the Prism list.rdlc
report and click Open.
Allplan starts to compute the cut and fill.

The report is displayed in the Report dialog box on screen. To
scroll, use the icons at the top right in the report.
Geodesy
105
You can edit the report as follows:

You can print it.
You can place it in the current document.
You can save it in PDF, Excel or BCM format.
You can edit it using the Layout Designer.
You can save changes as a new template in RDLC format.
9 Close the report.
10 Click Cancel to close the Reports dialog box.
Compute Cut and Fill tool.
12 To make the calculations clearer, open the corresponding drawing

file (e.g. 22) and label the triangles (prisms) and points using
Label Triangles, Contours, Points.
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Additional steps to edit the DTM
Allplan 2014
Additional steps to edit the DTM

To edit the digital terrain model, for presentation purposes, for
example, you can convert it to a 3D element using the
Convert
DTM Elements to 3D tool. You can use tools provided in the
3D Modeling
Animation
modules to enhance it graphically and optically.
Geodesy
Unit 4: importing files
107

In this unit, you will learn how to import files with
coordinates in the national Gauss-Krger coordinate
system and in the global UTM coordinate system. To read
in point files with country coordinates in a coordinate
range favoring processing, you use an offset. At the same
time you interchange the X and Y coordinates so that the
file is displayed correctly on screen. An example is
included in the data provided with this step-by-step
guide.
Make settings for user-defined ASCII-format files
Use an offset to import files with large point
coordinates
Interchange the X and Y coordinates for the import
Please note that the offset set always applies to the
entire project.
108
Exercise 11: importing file using an offset
Allplan 2014

Tip: If a point file with free
ASCII format does not have
the filename extension asc,
you have to rename the file
before you import it.
In this exercise you will import the file provided directly to the
current drawing file. You will not use the Services application to
copy it to the user folder beforehand. The file is a user-defined
ASCII-format file. As this is not a standardized format, you need to
find out first which data (X, Y, Z,...) is displayed in which column of
the file. Import the file just to run a test and have the contents of the
file displayed.
To import the file and check the format

1 Click
2 Set the reference scale to 1:1000.
3 Click
Import, Export Point File (Advanced Draft flyout).

F Type: Coor F (coordinate file)
F Ext: ".asc" (free ASCII format)
Imp/Ex: Import (import file)
Show: View
Set the other parameters as shown.

In the open dialog box, the file type is set to Point file (*.asc) and
the path is still set to the user exchange folder
(...\Nemetschek\Allplan\2014\Usr\Local\I_O), which you used in
exercise 5.
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109
6 Select the folder with the data you imported in unit 3 (e.g.
C:\data\allgeo), or, if you use this step-by-step guide as a PDF
file on CD, select the appropriate drive,
<CD drive letter e.g. E>:\DATA\ALLGEO.
7 Select the offset.asc file and click Open to confirm the dialog
box.
Tip: You can have the
contents of the file also
displayed in any ASCII editor
(e.g. notepad).
8 As you have set the Show parameter to View, the contents of the
file are displayed.
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Allplan 2014
9 The column numbers are displayed in the title line. You can see
that
the point number starts in column 12 and has eight digits.
the X value (in country coordinates; it is the Y value in
Allplan 2014) begins in column 20 and has seven leading
digits and three decimal places.
the Y value (in country coordinates; it is the X value in
Allplan 2014) begins in column 32 and has seven leading
digits and three decimal places.
the Z value begins in column 50 and has one leading digit
and three decimal places (in this example, the Z value of all
points is set to 0).
the code assignment begins in column 61 (in this example, the
code of all points is set to 0).
You will use this information to set this format on the Terrain
page in the
Options at a later stage.
10 Close the dialog box and click
Undo (Default toolbar).
The imported points are deleted.
You can define the format of the file to be imported in the Import/
export using point file area on the Terrain page of the
Options
In detail, you can specify the columns where the point number and
the X, Y and Z coordinates start and set the number of leading digits
and decimal places for the coordinates.
As in the national coordinate system, the X axis points up and the
Y axis to the right (in contrast to the mathematical coordinate
system which is used in Allplan 2014), you need to interchange the
X and Y axes.
To define the format of the file to be imported

1 Click
Options (Default toolbar).
The Terrain page is still open. If it isnt, select it now.

2 In the Import/export using point file area, click the Configure
button to the right of Point coordinates.
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111
3 Another dialog box opens in which you can define the format of
the point file. Enter the values as shown below:
Bear in mind that the column numbers for the X and Y

coordinates are interchanged.
4 Click OK to confirm the settings and to close the Options dialog
box.
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Allplan 2014
To set an offset
1 On the Default toolbar, click
New Project, Open Project,
click the project name with the right mouse button and, on the
shortcut menu, select Properties.
Tip: When data is imported,
the offset values are
subtracted; when data is
exported, they are added.
When you measure the
coordinates of a point, the
offset values are also taken
into account.
2 In the Settings area, select the Offset coordinates check box and
define the offset as shown below.
It is best to enter the same offset values for all the points. By
doing so, all the points are imported to the same quadrant.
As the X and Y axes are interchanged, set the offset in X
direction to 1510000.000 and in Y direction to 1300000.000.
3 Click OK to confirm the Project Settings dialog box and the New
Project, Open Project dialog box.
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113
To import the file

1 To import the point file, click
(Repeat menu).
2 Set the parameters as shown:

4 Double-click the offset.asc file with the left mouse button in the
open dialog box.
Import, Export Point File tool.
6 In the lower border of the viewport, click

display all the points.
Zoom All to
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Allplan 2014
Tip: You can activate the

Coordinate Tracking toolbar
on the View menu under
Toolbars.
7 To check whether the coordinates have been imported correctly,

move the crosshairs to the points. The coordinates are displayed
on the Coordinate Tracking toolbar.
It is a good idea to clear the Offset coordinates check box in the
Project Settings. As a result, the X coordinates range between
approximately 1,000 and 2,900 and the Y coordinates between
approximately 550 and 2,400.
Make sure that you select the Offset coordinates check box again
before you export the data.
Note: Take advantage of the Optimize working with large

coordinates option in the General area on the Desktop environment
Options. This option produces more detailed results
page in the
when you work with elements that are far from the global point
(origin).
Geodesy
Appendix
115
Appendix
This appendix includes an example showing you how to
create a bridge construction based on a road you have
already designed.
Bridge and Civil Engineering
You will use the
3D Modeling module to
Component tool in the
match the existing route and define the cross-sections at
the relevant station points. Allplan 2014 will then create
a 3D object from this data.
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Bridge construction
Allplan 2014
Bridge construction
A linear path and at least one cross-section must exist before you
can create a 3D object.
You can create or import this path, which is defined by individual
stationing points, using the Bridge and Civil Engineering
Component tool.
The required cross-sections can also be defined in this tool or you
can retrieve them from symbol catalogs. All cross-sections must have
the same number of points. You do not need to enter a cross-section
for each stationing point. Allplan automatically uses the existing
stationing to determine the missing cross-sections by interpolation.
Bridge cross-section
Geodesy
Designing the road
Appendix
117
118
Bridge construction
Allplan 2014
Task 1: defining the path

For the path, you will use the road you designed using the tools in
the
Site Plan module.
The route profile is to have a constant slope of 2 % in the
longitudinal direction. You can also use a gradient you have already
defined.
To import the route

1 Click
2 Select
New Project, Open Project (Default toolbar) and use
the shortcut menu to open the Project Settings dialog box.
3 In the Settings area, clear the Offset coordinates check box and
confirm the two dialog boxes.
the
3D Modeling module.
Bonus Tools family and open
5 Click
Bridge and Civil Engineering Component (Tools
palette, Create area).
6 Click
Import Route on the Route toolbar or File menu.
7 Click Browse, select the folder with the data you imported in unit
3 (e.g. C:\data\allgeo), or, if you use this step-by-step guide as a
PDF file on CD, navigate to the appropriate drive <CD drive
letter, e.g. E>:\DATA\ALLGEO and open the bruecke file.
8 The Create station points automatically option is active and the
spacing between stations is set to 25 m. Do not change these
settings. Specify where you want to insert the route in the tree
structure and enter a name for it.
Geodesy
Appendix
119
The Import profile section of route option lets you import a

gradient. However, you will not use it here. The bridge is to have
a constant longitudinal slope of 2 %.
9 Click OK to import the route.

Allplan imports four route sections and creates ten stations.
10 As the points are part of a defined route, you can only change
the Z coordinate and the Rise angle. To check the data, select a
station point and click
Edit Station Point on the Station
toolbar or Edit menu.
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Bridge construction
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To define the longitudinal slope by entering the rise

angle
1 Click
menu.
General Properties on the Default toolbar or Edit
2 Select the Route Profile tab and deactivate the Define route
profile manually option.
3 Enter 900.413648 (top level of road surface) for the elevation
spec in the current station point - Point1 - (current station point).
4 The constant longitudinal slope of 2 % results in an angle of
-1.145763 degrees. Enter this value for the Rise angle.
5 Click OK to define the longitudinal slope.

6 Select station point 10, click
Edit Station Point and check
the height: 897.513648 (top level of road surface).
Now you cannot modify the Z coordinate and Rise angle
anymore.
Geodesy
Appendix
121
If you do not know the slope or it is not constant, you can also
define the longitudinal slope by specifying the height of individual
station points. It may be necessary to add station points using
New Station Point.
In the section that follows you will define the longitudinal slope by
specifying the elevation spec of Point10.
To define the longitudinal slope using elevation

specifications
1 Click
General Properties, enter 0.00 for the rise angle and
click OK to confirm.
2 Click
General Properties again, deactivate the Same rise for
entire route option and click OK to confirm.
3 Select station point 10 and click
the Route toolbar or Edit menu.
Edit Height Curvature on
4 Select the Height option and enter the value 897.513648 for the
absolute height (top level of road surface).
The rise angle specified beforehand is entered.
5 Click OK to define the longitudinal slope.
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Bridge construction
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Task 2: entering cross-sections

In accordance with the road designed, you need to define different
transverse slopes for the bridge cross-section.
Start by defining the cross-section in the area of the spiral clothoid
(station point 6). Enter a transverse slope of 5 % for this
cross-section. You will then use it for the transition between the arc
and the clothoid at pier 2 (station point 3).
Next, you will modify the cross-section by adjusting it to the
transverse slope of 0 %.
For the transition between the clothoid and the arc at the north
abutment (station point 9), you will use the option of matching
dimensions you have already entered.
To define the bridge cross-section

Define New Cross-Section
on the Cross-Section toolbar or Edit menu.
2 Click
Add Predefined Cross-Section Variant on the
Cross-Section toolbar or Edit menu and select Box girder, type
1.
Geodesy
Appendix
123
As the cross-section is symmetrical, all you need to do is enter

the values for the left-hand side and the slopes as shown below.
Then you will apply these values to the cross-section's right-hand
side.
Tip: As an alternative to TAB
and Shift-TAB, you can also
use the Page Up and Page
Down keys to toggle between
the data entry boxes.
3 Click the top left measurement of the cantilever, enter values in

the unit of length set and use the TAB key to switch to the next
data entry box.
4 Click the measurement of the box girder's left side, enter values
in the unit of length set and use the TAB key to switch to the
next data entry box.
5 Click the
icon on the left, keep the mouse button pressed
down and drag the cursor to the
icon on the right. Now you
can release the mouse button again.
6 Click OK to define the cross-section.
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After having defined the bridge cross-section, you will now define
the caps as separate cross-sections.
To create caps as additional cross-sections

1 Select cross-section point 11 in the tree structure and click
Addition to Cross-Section on the Cross-Section toolbar or
Edit menu.
2 Click
menu.
Add Polygon on the Cross-Section toolbar or Edit
3 The coordinates of cross-section point 11 are used for the first

point. Click OK to confirm the values.
4 Click in the graphics area above cross-section point 11.

The coordinates of the point clicked are displayed.
Geodesy
Appendix
125
5 Select the Delta option and enter the following values: X = 0.00,
Y = 0.15
6 Define the other four corners one after the other. To do this, click
roughly where you want to place each corner and adjust the delta
values in the dialog box:
Point 3
Point 4
Point 5
Point 6
X = -3.25
X = 0.00
X = 0.35
X = 0.00
Y = 0.13
Y = -0.50
Y = 0.03
Y = 0.2625
Note: Point 6 is equivalent to point 1 of the bridge cross-section.

7 Right-click in the graphics area to finish entering the
cross-section.
126
Bridge construction
Allplan 2014
8 Use the same approach to create the cap on the right. The
reference point is point 9 of the bridge cross-section.
9 Click
route.
Save and Exit to assign the cross-section to the entire
As you cannot use the entry dialog box to modify cross-sections

calculated by Allplan, you will leave the cross-section as it is and
use it for the transition between the arc and the clothoid at pier 2.
Then you will modify the transverse slope of the cross-section in the
area of the spiral clothoid.
To modify cross-sections
Lock Current Cross-Section
2 Select station point 6 again and click
on the Station toolbar or Edit menu.
Define Reference Point
As the first point of the bridge cross-section is at top left, place

the reference point there.
Geodesy
Appendix
127
3 Select the first option. Point 1 serves as the reference point. Leave
this setting unchanged.
4 Click OK to define the reference point.

5 Click
Edit Cross-Section on the Cross-Section toolbar or
Edit menu.
The cross-section definition is displayed.
6 Click
Modify Cross-Section on the Cross-Section toolbar or
Edit menu.
The entry dialog box of the defined bridge cross-section is
displayed.
7 Change the transverse slopes of the road to 0 % and click OK to
confirm.
128
Bridge construction
Allplan 2014
As a result, the position of the cap on the right is too high and
needs to be reduced by a value of 8.50 * 5 % = 0.425.
8 Select cross-section point 6 of cross-section 3 and click
Modify Point on the Cross-Section toolbar or Edit menu.
9 Change the value of the Y coordinate to -0.0725.

Tip: If these modifications
lead to additional points or
missing points, thus changing
the shape of the area, stop
modifying the cross-section
without saving and start
again at step 5.
10 Use the same approach to change the Y coordinates of the other

points to the following values:
Point 1
Point 2
Point 3
Point 4
Point 5
Y = 0.00
Y = -0.2625
Y = -0.2925
Y = 0.2075
Y = 0.0775
Note: Make sure that you modify the points in the correct
sequence. If these modifications produce interlaced areas, the
number of points will change.
11 Click
Save and Exit to assign the modified cross-section.
Geodesy
Appendix
129
For defining the bridge cross-section at the transition between the

clothoid and the arc at the north abutment, you will use the option
of matching dimensions you have already entered.
To retrieve the bridge cross-section from the database

Define New Cross-Section
2 Click
Add Predefined Cross-Section Variant on the
Cross-Section toolbar or Edit menu and click OK to confirm the
Selection of Cross-Section Variants dialog box.
3 Click
Record Management at bottom left, choose Last
entry and click OK to confirm.
4 Change the transverse slopes of the road to 5 % and click OK to

confirm.
5 Create the two caps as additional cross-sections as described in

"Task 2: entering cross-sections". Then click
Save and Exit.
130
Bridge construction
Allplan 2014
Task 3: exporting data

The entries you make in the Bridge and Civil Engineering
Component tool can be written to an Excel file or transferred to
Allplan 2014's 3D Modeling module. Based on the path and the
cross-sections defined, Allplan 2014 creates a 3D object with all the
information from the Bridge and Civil Engineering Component tool.
The 3D object is attached to the crosshairs and can be placed in the
workspace.
You can re-import this 3D object into the Bridge and Civil
Engineering Component tool and and modify it there without
additional steps.
Now you want to create the bridge construction in Allplan 2014. As
the reference line for the route is the road location line, you need to
modify the reference point again. In addition, you will reduce the
spacing between the station points to optimize the model.
To modify the reference point and spacing between

station points
First select a station point with a defined cross-section.
1 Click
menu.
Define Reference Point on the Station toolbar or Edit
2 Select the first option if it isn't active and select point 10 as the
reference point.
Geodesy
Appendix
131
3 Make sure that Applies to all station points is active and click
OK to define the reference point.
4 Click
menu.
General Properties on the Default toolbar or Edit
5 Select the Route tab and enter the value 10 m for Regular
spacing between station points.
6 Click OK to create the new station points.

7 Enter a name for the route and
Save it. This way, you can
open the route in the Bridge and Civil Engineering Component
tool at any time.
132
Bridge construction
Allplan 2014
Now you have entered all the information you need to create the 3D
object. Finally, you will export the data to Allplan 2014.
To export the route and to create the 3D object

1 Click
Export Route on the Route toolbar or File menu.
Global point is active in the dialog line:

In Allplan 2014,
Global X coordinate =
Global Y coordinate =
Global Z coordinate = 0.000.
2 Press ENTER to confirm the settings.
Note: To define the anchor point, open the Bridge and Civil
Engineering Component tool, select
General Properties and
switch to the Define Anchor Point tab.
Geodesy
Appendix
133
3 Exit the Bridge and Civil Engineering Component tool. In

Allplan 2014, click
2 + 1 Animation Window (Window
menu).
Now the bridge construction looks like this (elevation view as a
hidden line image, display in animation modified):
134
Allplan 2014
Geodesy
135
Index
Index
3
3D elements, raising - 69
A
activating a profile section - 89
adding elements to DTM - 60
adding grid points - 58
adjusting road location line to
gradient - 96
assigning point numbers - 55
B
basic settings - 9
input options - 9
pen thickness and line type - 9
reference scale - 9
toolbars - 9
unit of length - 9
breakline - 62
bridge construction - 116
bridge/civil engineering
component
additional cross-sections - 124
defining bridge cross-section 122
defining the longitudinal slope
using elevation
specifications - 121
defining the longitudinal slope
using the rise angle - 120
exporting route - 132
importing route - 118
matching a cross-section - 126
modifying a cross-section 126
modifying spacing between
station points - 130
modifying the reference point
- 130
retrieving bridge cross-section
from database - 129
checking element data - 21

combining elements to produce a
composite element - 20
composite element - 20, 33
computing cut and fill - 103
connecting by filleting - 42
contour lines - 63
decimal places - 67
labeling - 64
smoothing factor - 67
creating a DTM - 57, 85
creating a grid - 57, 85
creating a profile section - 87
creating individual elements - 15
cutaway - 62
D
data exchange folder - 80
data on Internet - 79
decimal places for contour line
labels - 67
defining labels - 23, 34
deleting a profile - 91
digital terrain model - 45
adding - 58
creating - 57, 85
drawing contour lines - 63
entering a breakline - 62
importing - 80
meshing elements - 60
modifying - 67
optimizing - 61
options - 49
representation - 49
direction of stationing - 27
displaying DTM elements - 49
drawing gradients - 94
E
element parameters - 15
entity group - 70
examples of stationing - 28
exterior boundary - 62
136
Index
F
filleting - 42
G
grid - 51
I
importing a DTM - 80
importing files - 82
importing files into data
exchange folder - 80
input options - 9
L
labeling
defining - 23, 34
performing - 24
labeling contour lines - 64
linetype - 9
listing elements - 21
listing individual elements - 21
M
meshing elements with DTM - 60
meshing, optimizing grid - 57, 85
modifying a DTM - 67
modifying terrain point height 96
O
offset - 110
optimizing a DTM - 58, 61
options
digital terrain model - 49
site plan - 14
P
parallel lines - 22, 33, 98
pen thickness - 9
perpendicular through station 99
placing points - 51
placing points in a grid - 51
placing terrain points - 51
placing terrain points in a grid 51
point number
primary point number - 55
Allplan 2014
secondary point number - 55
primary point number - 55
project
creating - 6
R
raising 3D elements - 69
reference points default station 27
reference scale - 9
S
site plan - 11
assigning point numbers - 55
composite element - 20
creating individual elements 15
options - 14
slope - 101
smoothing factor - 67
sources of information
training, coaching and project
support - 5
speed - 97
spline - 94
stations reference point - 27
stationing
direction - 27
examples - 28
reference point - 27
reference points default
station - 27
stationing roadsides - 99
stationing the location line - 25
T
toolbars
landscaping/urban planning 9
torsion trace - 97
track tracing - 10
transverse slop - 99
U
unit - 9
unit of length - 9

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Allplan 2014

This documentation has been produced with the utmost care.

Training, coaching and project support ......................................................... 5

Unit 1: Site Plan module .......................................................... 11

Initial settings ..................................................................................................... 14

Exercise 2: side road .......................................................................................... 29

Unit 2: Digital Terrain Model module ................................... 45

Default settings .................................................................................................. 49

Exercise 4: raising a 3D element ................................................................... 69

Unit 3: road construction......................................................... 75

Data on the Internet ......................................................................................... 79

Exercise 5: importing DTM files ..................................................................... 80

Exercise 9: slope ............................................................................................... 101

Unit 4: importing files ........................................................... 107

Appendix .................................................................................... 115

Index ........................................................................................... 135

Before You Start ...

Before You Start ...

Feedback on the documentation

Before You Start ...

User forum (for Serviceplus customers)

On the Internet: solutions to frequently asked questions

Feedback on the help

Before You Start ...

Training, coaching and project support

Project and drawing files

Project and drawing files

To create a project in ProjectPilot

ProjectPilot on the File menu.

3 Enter the project name Step by Step - Geodesy in the New

Before You Start ...

Tip: Offsets can be used to

Project and drawing files

5 Clear the Template - Detached house with building structure

Main road (location line + parallel lines) with label

Side road with connection to main road

Digital terrain model created by entering single

Digital terrain model, imported

Cut and fill: digital terrain model, imported

Cut and fill: unedited digital terrain model

Unedited digital terrain model

Point file with free ASCII format, imported using

Note: Allplan automatically names drawing files 22 and 23 when

Before You Start ...

Basic settings for the exercises

To define basic settings

Advanced Draft flyout

3 Set the unit of length in the border of the viewport to m.

Basic settings for the exercises

To make settings for track tracing

Line (Create menu - Draft module).

Unit 1: Site Plan module

Unit 1: Site Plan module

Define the labels for the road location line

Unit 1: Site Plan module

Exercise 2: side road

Site Plan module.

These general defaults are used in all exercises in this step-by-step

To set general defaults for the Site Plan module

Options (Standard toolbar) and then Terrain.

3 Click OK to confirm the settings.

Unit 1: Site Plan module

Exercise 1: main road

Task 1: entering the road gradient