Radharaman Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

BE VI Semester
Antenna and Wave Propagation (EC-604)

Assignment: Unit-I: Radiation

1
2

What is retarded potential? Derive the expression for it.*****

Derive the expression for the radiative field due to small or elementary current
element.*****

Prove that the field of a simple antenna consists of three terms involving

1
3
r

1 1
,
r r2

and

terms. Explain the nature of these terms.*****

What is the significance of the electrostatic field, induction field and radiation field of
the antenna?
5 What is the radiation resistance of an antenna? Show that the radiation resistance of
a half wave dipole antenna is 73 ohms. *****
6 Obtain the expression for the Power radiated by a current element and its Radiation
resistance.*****
7 Derive the expression for the field variation due to linear current and sinusoidal
current distribution on effective length of linear antennas.
8 Derive the power radiated by and radiation resistance by half wave dipole antenna
or quarter wave monopole antenna.*****
9 At what distance, in wavelength, the radiation component of magnetic field will be
three times of the induction component. At what distance is it 50 times.
10 An antenna operating at 20GHz frequency has directional gain of 16 dB. A minimum
electric field intensity of 100mV/meter is required at a distance of 20 Km from
antenna in free space. Determine the minimum power to be radiated by the antenna.
[Hint: Erms =

90 Pr v /m
R

].

11 Find out the field strength at 30 Km away from a transmitting antenna of 625 kW
power. [Hint: Erms =

90 Pr v /m
R

].

12 Evaluate the radiation resistance of a circular loop with a circumference of a quarter

A
Circumference=2 r =2 r , A= r 2 , R r=320 4 2
of a wavelength. [Hint:
4

( )

].

1
12

13 Determine the radiation resistance of a dipole antenna of

[Hint:

Rr =80 2

dl

wavelength long.

( )

].

14 Calculate the radiation resistance of dipole antenna

long. If the equivalent loss

resistance in the antenna due to dielectric structure is 0.75 Ohms, What is the
efficiency of the antenna? [Hint:

Rr =80 2

Rr
dl 2
, =
100 ].

Rr + R l

( )

15 An electric field strength 10V/m is to be measured at a point =/2, 500Km from a

half wave dipole antenna operating in air at 50MHz. Calculate the current (rms) that

must be fed to the antenna. [Hint: For half wave dipole, E = 60 I m

cos

( 2 cos)
sin

].

16 A Grounded vertical half wave dipole radiating at 500 KHz produces a maximum
r.m.s electric field of 20V/m at distance of 40 Km. Determine the total power
radiated by dipole. [Hint: for Grounded vertical antenna, Erms =

120 I rms l e
].
r

17 The current at the base of an earthed antenna 70m high is 25 Amp, at a frequency of
10MHz. Calculate the field strength at a distance of 25km. [Hint:

120 I rms l e
2
le = l , E =
].

r
rms
18 A half wave dipole is driven by r.m.s current of 10 Amp, at 100 MHz in free space.
Calculate the pointing vector at a distance of 20 cm in the direction of maximum
radiation. [Hint:

Erms =

120 I rms l e
].
r

19 A Short dipole antenna of length 5m is centre feed with r.m.s current of 25Amp at
frequency of 10MHz. Calculate the power radiated by the antenna. [Hint:

l
Rrad =160 e

()

].

20 An antenna of effective height of 100m and the current at the base is 450Amp
(r.m.s) at 40MHz. What is the power radiated? If the total resistance of antenna

le 2
Rr
circuit is 1.12 Ohms. What is its efficiency? [Hint: Rrad =160 , = R + R 100 ].
r
l
2

()


16

21 Calculate the power radiated by

100

Cost

Amp.
2

Prad = o

What

I m dl
dl

, Rr =80 2
3

dipole, if it carries a uniform current of I =

is

its

radiation

resistance?

( )

].

Note: ***** marked questions and numericals are compulsory.

Radharaman Institute of Research and Technology, Bhopal

Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
BE VI Semester
Antenna and Wave Propagation (EC-604)

Assignment: Unit-II: Antenna Fundamentals

Q1.
Q2.
Q3.

State Reciprocity theorem and prove it for antenna systems.

Write application of Reciprocity theorem in antenna systems
Write short note on the following:
(a) Radiation Pattern

[Hint:

Q4.
Q5.

(b) Steradian and Solid angle

(c) Radiation intensity
(d) Directivity
(e) Antenna Gain
(f) Antenna Efficiency
(g) Antenna Beam-width
(h) Effective aperture
(i) Front to back ratio
Derive the relation between the effective area and gain of antenna.
An antenna has a loss resistance 10 Ohms, power gain of 20 and directivity 22.

Calculate its radiation resistance. [Hint:

Gp
Rr
=
G d Rr + Rl ].

Q6. In a microwave communication link, two identical antennas operating at 10 GHz

are used with power gain of 40dB. If the transmitter power id 1 W, find the received
power, if the range of the link is 30 Km. [Hint: (Feriis formula)
Q7.

Pr=P t A t A r

4 r

( )

].

An antenna having directivity of 90 is operating at a wavelength of 2m. Calculate

2

the maximum effective aperture of the antenna. [Hint: ( Ae )max = 4 D ].

Q8. Two short dipoles are placed at distance of 5 Km in free space. One dipole is
supplied with power of 5KW at frequency of 150MHz. Calculate the maximum power
which can be received at the second dipole. [Hint: (Feriis formula)

Pr=P t

A et A er
r 2 2

2
, A et = A er= A e , A e =
D ].
4

Q9. A directional antenna has an effective radiated power of 1.1 kW. When it is fed
with a terminal input power of 90 W. The Radiation resistance is 74 at resonance
and measured antenna current is 1.088 Amp (rms). Find the antenna efficiency,
power loss and directive gain in dB.
Q10. An antenna has a radiation resistance 80 Ohms, and loss resistance 10 Ohms.
What is its directivity, if power gain is 22. [Hint:

Gp
Rr
=
G d Rr + Rl ].

Q11. An antenna is feed by current of 4.5 Amp with a resistance of 300 Ohm radiates
power in its optimum direction, then Calculate the FBR (Front to Back Ratio) of an
antenna in dB, if power of 500 Watts is radiated in the opposite direction.
Q12. Calculate the approximate gain and beam-width of a parabolic reflector antenna
at operating frequency 4 GHz, diameter 20m and illumination efficiency 55%. [Hint:

D=

4
D2
70
140

A
,
A
=kA
,
A=
, HPBW =
, BWFN =
( e )max ( e ) max
2
].
4
D
D

Note: Must submit the assignment on or before 05 March 2014.