China Central Television (CCTV-CHINA)

Architects: OMA
Location: Beijing, China
Project Area: 473,000 sqm
Project start: 2004
Project Complete: 2012
Materials: Composite

INTRODUCTION
CCTV headquarters was officially opened by the President on 1 January 2008,
during the 2008 Beijing Olympics, although the works were not completed until May
2012. The project began on 22 September 2004, once the design was inspected by
Chinese experts, this being a venture of the government, as part of a redevelopment
plan of the capital, focusing on innovative and functional architecture, preserving
same time, historic buildings. The design belongs to the Dutch architect Rem
Koolhaas and Ole Scheeren German architect of studio Office for Metropolitan
Architecture ( OMA )2002. Ove Arup were civil engineering contractors responsible
for the structure, were also responsible for building safety, performing risk analysis
and design of security systems and construction on the building began in 2004. At
approximately 473, 000 sqm, CCTV accommodating TV studios, offices,
broadcasting and production facilities is OMAs largest ever project and its first major
building in China.

Diagram

Faade diagram

Demand capacity ratio

SPECIAL FEATURES
1. Diagonal Grid Framing System
The forces at work within the structure are rendered visible
on the faade: a web of triangulated steel tubes - diagrids that, instead of forming a regular pattern of diamonds,
become dense in areas of greater stress, looser and more
open in areas requiring less support. The faade itself
becomes a visual manifestation of the building's structure.

Load Transfer

2. Seismic Stability Design Approach

Checks explicit and quantitative design were made using linear and nonlinear
seismic analysis allowed to verify compliance with the three levels of seismic
design required by the authorities. Analysis result for the seismic events
Level 1: Frequent Earthquake

No structural damage

Level 2: Intermediate Earthquake

Level 3: Rare Earthquake

Repairable Structural Damage

Severe Structural Damage permitted, must not

collapse
3. Dealing with Wind Structure
Wind Tunnel Experiments had to be carried out to assess the severity of Wind
Loads. The building strength against a 100 years wind was assessed using
method Dynamic Analysis using High Frequency Pressure Integration Method.
CONSTRUCTION CHALLENGES
1. A lot steel is used

Weight issues (instability)

2. Beijing is an Earthquake Prone Area (need seismic stability)

3. Every building encounter vertical and lateral loads
4. Temperature change, material deformation
5. Subsoil conditions: a) Shallow foundation not sufficient
b) Pore water present in great amount
c) High settlement risk