Table of Content

Description

Page

1.0 Cognitive Theory of Transfer

2.0 Company Background

3.0 Developing Training

3.1 Proposed Training

4.0 References

Effective Learning in Early Stage

1.0 Cognitive Theory of Transfer

This theory is used to explain mental processes that are influenced by both intrinsic and
extrinsic factors which bring about learning in an individual. It implies that the different
processes concerning learning can be explained by analysing the mental processes. This
theory basically focuses on how people think, how people understand and how people know.
It emphasizes learning on how people comprehend and represent the outside world within
themselves and ways of thinking about the world influences behaviour. The cognitive theory
present a positive view of development, emphasizing conscious thinking and individuals
active constructive of understanding. Learning involves the transformation of information in
the environment into knowledge that is stored in the mind. Learning occurs when new
knowledge is acquired or existing knowledge is modified by experience. This theory can be
divided to two specific theories as Social Cognitive and Behaviour Cognitive Theory.
Social Cognitive Theory are defined by 3 variables as behavioural factors, environmental
factors and personal (intrinsic). An individuals personal experience can influence with the
behavioural determinants and environmental factors. Several basic concepts that influences
social cognitive theory are Observational Learning which is learning from others,
Reproductions wherein repeating process helps to remember the learned knowledge, Selfefficacy where learner improves the learned knowledge through practice, while emotional
coping and self-regulatory capability is ability to cope with unfavourable environment.
Cognitive Behavioural Theory is that individuals tend to form self-concepts that affect the
behaviour being displayed. This can be positive or negative and can be affected by
environment.
Transfer of learning is the goal all training and learning interventions and training objective is
not achieved until the learning transfers from one context to another.
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2.0 Company Background

Zenic International Preschool is a reputable preschool in Malaysia providing full day
preschool education to children ages 2 to 6. The school has 5 days classes available and open
to local and foreign children. Zenic provides learning based academic curriculum which
embraces the best practices in education from around the world. Each class has reading,
writing and math programs as well as scheduled time for arts projects, music and thematic
activities including playground activities. Teachers are specialised in English, Bahasa
Melayu, French, Spanish and Yoga. The school as well keep up to date with technology
environment as to introduce smartboards, individual computers, and iPads to enhance
childrens learning and equip them with the IT skills needed for the Global environment.
International assessments ensure children are learning at international standards and Zenic is
staffed with professional caring teachers to direct childs development with skilful attention
and encouragement. As for the increasing number of children registered, Zenic had hired 3
new teachers to focus on arts, music and thematic activities for the kids. Recently, some
parents had provided feedback that they want their kids to be more versatile and have good
progress in arts, music and thematic. Therefore Zenics HR Manager had done training need
analysis to identify if there is a need for training in the preschool for existing and new
teachers to further enhance kids progress in arts, music and thematic activities. HR Manager
finds that time limitation and lack of skills in this area could be improved in teachers to
achieve more strategic progress in this area.

3.0 Developing Training

HR Manager is planning for practical opportunities for teachers to develop and further
enhance their skills. Listed below is the plan prior the training:
1. Lay the foundations for educating teachers on teaching skills and musical instrument.
HR Manager as the trainer to provide the guidance principal for teachers, defining the
tasks, competencies faced and their role and importance in curriculum development
for children. Recognizing effective approaches to teaching and learning while listing
the challenges in educating teachers. Trainees are teachers, hence need to be open for
learning and willingness to accept and adapt to ideas and changes as required.
2. Develop objectives for learning by identifying knowledge, skills, and attitudes for
learning from teachers. Throughout training provide training supportive objectives
and measurable objectives. By end of the training session, example teachers should be
evaluated if able to determine if a kid has potential in a particular music instrument.
3. Plan for teaching and prepare the learning environment for teachers which would
encourage continuous learning. Training should be given outside school in a Resort
for relaxing mind and happy learning experience for teachers with a different view as
well provide opportunities for simulation.
4. Prepare and use teaching aids by using video and developing culturally appropriate
stories, proverbs and songs which trainees could use or implement when they return to
work.
5. Prepare and deliver interactive presentations through effective presentation skills and
use questioning techniques during presentation which allows brainstorming and
reduces lack of attention to training.
6. Facilitate group learning by doing role play and encouraging discussion for solving
issues faced when teaching. This team work and group discussion helps teachers to

work together among colleagues during training and implement the same in the real
work environment once back to school.
7. Monitor and revise teaching by ensuring that trainers take notes for practicing later
and providing ways for teachers feedback. As the trainer is the HR Manager, need to
always keep in touch and revise teaching as required.
8. Skills assessments by selecting methods for assessing learners to prepare them to use
the skills learned. Trainer could use the results to improve performance.
3.1 Proposed Training:
i.

Teaching Skills to equip teachers with knowledge and skills which will allow them to
understand latest environment teaching needs and ability to cope with different type
of behaviour or attitude children that comes from both local and foreign. Skills that
could be trained is communication and visual aid/material usage. Language training
could be given to teachers to further enhance their communication skills and help
teachers to understand importance of building relationship with children through their
native languages will be helpful in teaching the kids and assist their learning. Teachers
need to be made aware of the needs and wants of a kid has to be fulfilled prior to any
learning to take place. Good teaching skill training will help teachers to learn the
required skills example; language and practice them once completed training to be
successful in that skill. The process will be complete when teacher goes back to
teaching and implement the learned skills successfully at the same time, providing the
same guidance to their children. Children at young age are motivated to perceive
things that can manipulate physically via hands-on experiences. When teachers are
given the right skill training for example usage of right visual aid/material usage for
young learners by using colourful flash cards. This training would encourage teacher
to practice at home as per training to be more courteous and successful when
implementing at school. Once back at school, teachers would be motivated to
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implement what they have learned out of school environment and to put it at best
practices for kids learning at school. This is because the teachers are equipped with
the training that is required to improve their students whom are still kids and always
eager to learn. Studies shows that kids at early age, are fast learners hence if teachers
are made aware of this and given the right training then they would be more interested
in performing their duties in achieving their goals, company goals and definitely be
more passionate on their job. Teachers need to promote more meaningful and
effective learning by linking new information to familiar information. For example
when teaching kids art to draw the scenery of hills. Teacher could use visual aid such
as video to provide a view of the hills prior to their drawing. This will help kids to
stimulate the required information and expectation from teacher into their art correctly
as visual aid such as video has greater impact to influence a kid and helps them to
remember longer. A well trained teacher on teaching skills such as visual aid usage,
will be able to perform their learning successfully into their daily job. This is a
positive intrinsic from teacher to kids which shows positive behaviour for kids to
ii.

perform from external environment.

Musical Instrument Training to further enhance teachers skills in handling the
instruments and provide the confidence to teach children. This is a process of
cognitive learning where teacher learns a new skill through a new instrument or
existing instrument and goes back to practice them which allows them to perform
better. Once being successful in particular musical instrument, teacher would teach
their children and this may include their fellow colleagues. The teacher would teach
up to their best capabilities on what they have learned to ensure their students are as
successful as them.

4.0 References
1. Raymond A.Noe (6th edition), Employee Training and Development.