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MoveablebridgeWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Moveablebridge
FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia

Amoveablebridge,ormovablebridge(commonalternative
spellinginAmericanEnglish),isabridgethatmovestoallow
passage(usually)forboatsorbarges.[1]InAmericanEnglish,
moveablebridgeanddrawbridgearesynonymous,andthelatteris
thecommonterm,butdrawbridgecanbelimitedtothenarrower,
historicaldefinitionusedinsomeotherformsofEnglish,inwhich
drawbridgerefersonlytoaspecifictypeofmoveablebridge.
Anadvantageofmakingbridgesmoveableisthelowercost,dueto
MadisonStreetBridge,abascule
theabsenceofhighpiersandlongapproaches.Theprincipal
bridgeovertheChicagoRiverin
disadvantageisthatthetrafficonthebridgemustbehaltedwhenit
Chicago,IL
isopenedforpassages.Forseldomusedrailroadbridgesoverbusy
channels,thebridgemaybeleftopenandthenclosedfortrain
passages.Forsmallbridges,bridgemovementmaybeenabledwithouttheneedforanengine.Some
bridgesareoperatedbytheusers,especiallythosewithaboat,othersbyabridgeman(orbridgetender)a
fewremotelyusingvideocamerasandloudspeakers.Generally,thebridgesarepoweredbyelectricmotors,
whetheroperatingwinches,gearing,orhydraulicpistons.Whilemoveablebridgesintheirentiretymaybe
quitelong,thelengthofthemoveableportionisrestrictedbyengineeringandcostconsiderationstoafew
hundredfeet.
Thereareoftentrafficlightsfortheroadandwatertraffic,andmovingbarriersfortheroadtraffic.
IntheUnitedStates,regulationsgoverningtheoperationofmoveablebridges(referredtoas
drawbridges)[2]forexample,hoursofoperationandhowmuchadvancenoticemustbegivenbywater
trafficarelistedinTitle33oftheCodeofFederalRegulations[3]temporarydeviationsarepublishedin
theCoastGuard'sLocalNoticetoMariners.[4]

Contents
1Typesofmovablebridges
2Visualindexofmovingbridges
3Accidents
4Seealso
5References
6Externallinks

Typesofmovablebridges
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Drawbridge(BritishEnglishdefinition)thebridgedeckishingedononeend
Basculebridgeadrawbridgehingedonpinswithacounterweighttofacilitateraising
Rollingbasculebridgeanunhingeddrawbridgeliftedbytherollingofalargegearsegment
alongahorizontalrack
Foldingbridgeadrawbridgewithmultiplesectionsthatcollapsetogetherhorizontally
Curlingbridgeadrawbridgewithmultiplesectionsthatcurlvertically
Verticalliftbridgethebridgedeckisliftedbycounterweightedcablesmountedontowers
Tablebridgealiftbridgewiththeliftingmechanismmountedunderneathit
Retractablebridge(Thrustbridge)thebridgedeckisretractedtooneside
Submersiblebridgealsocalledaduckingbridge,thebridgedeckislowereddownintothewater
Tiltbridgethebridgedeck,whichiscurvedandpivotedateachend,isliftedatanangle
Swingbridgethebridgedeckrotatesaroundafixedpoint,usuallyatthecentre,butmayresemblea
gateinitsoperation
Transporterbridgeastructurehighabovecarriesasuspended,ferrylikestructure
Jetbridgeapassengerbridgetoanairplane.Oneendismobilewithheight,yaw,andtilt
adjustmentsontheoutboardend

Visualindexofmovingbridges

Drawbridge

Basculebridge

Verticalliftbridge

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moveable_bridge

Foldingbridge

Tablebridge

Curlingbridge

Retractablebridge
(Thrustbridge)

Rollingbasculebridge

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Submersiblebridge

Tiltbridge

Swingbridge

Transporterbridge

Accidents
April23,1853RancocasCreek,NewJersey:EngineeroftheCamden&Amboy's2p.m.trainout
ofCamden,NewJerseymissedstopsignalsandranhistrainoffanopendrawspanatRancocas
Creek.Therewere27fatalities.
June29,1864StHilairetraindisaster,MontStHilaire,Quebec,Canada:AGrandTrunkRailroad
passengertrainfailedtoobservearedsignalandranthroughanopenswingbridgeovertheRichelieu
River.Ninetyninewerekilledand100wereinjured.
September15,1958NewarkBay,NewJerseyrailaccident,Elizabethport,NewJersey:Central
RailroadofNewJersey(CNJ)commutertrain#3314fromBayHeadJunctiontoJerseyCityrana
stopsignalandanopenderailprotectingtheNewarkBay4spanliftbridge,andthetrain'stwodiesel
locomotivesandtwooffivepassengercarswentintoNewarkBaythroughoneoftheopenspans.
Fourcrewmen,includingtheengineerandfireman,and44passengersdiedbydrowning.
September22,1993Mobile,Alabama,USA:Inheavyfogandlowvisibility,adisorientedtowboat
pilotmadeawrongturnandenteredanunnavigablewaterway.Duetoinexperienceandimproper
radartraining,thepilotdidnotrealizehewasoffcourseandstruckanunfinishedswingbridgeover
theBigBayouCanotaround2:45AM,knockingitoutofalignmentbyapproximatelythreefeet(one
meter),althoughhisinitialsuppositioninthelowvisibilitywasthatoneofthebargeshadrun
aground.Therailskinkedbutdidnotbreak,sonofaultwasindicatedforapproachingtrains.
Approximately8minuteslater,anAmtraktraincarrying220passengersderailedatthekinked
portionoftherails,killing47andinjuring103more.
November23,1996Kearny,NewJersey,USA:AnAmtrakpassengerandmailtrainderailedwhile
crossingthePortalBridgeovertheHackensackRiver,sideswipinganotherpassengertraininthe
process.Thirtyfourpeoplewereinjured.Abrokenrailjointononepairofthebridge'smovablerails
ateachendofthespancausedatrackmisalignment,whilestillmakingelectricalcontactwiththe
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landwardrailsthussignalswereclear,derailsclosed,andafaultindicationwasnotdisplayed.

Seealso
Baileybridge,MediumGirderBridge,andArmouredvehiclelaunchedbridgetransportableor
relocatablebridges.
BartonSwingAqueduct,aswingbridgecarryingbargetrafficoverashipcanal.
Pontoonbridgemaybebuiltwithabargeorboatlikesectionthatmaybemovedforpassage.
Listsofrailaccidents

References
1. ^Schneider,C.C.(1907)MovableBridges(http://books.google.com/books?id=y60SAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1
PA153&dq=movable+bridge&hl=en&ei=fadDTKf9DsL
8Aar5I3RDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CD0Q6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=movable%20
bridge&f=false),ProceedingoftheAmericanSocietyofCivilEngineers,Volume33,Part1,Page154.
2. ^"Part117:DrawbridgeOperationRegulations"(http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR2006title33
vol1/pdf/CFR2006title33vol1part117.pdf)(PDF).Title33,CodeofFederalRegulations.UnitedStates
GovernmentPrintingOffice.July1,2006.RetrievedAugust9,2013.
3. ^"2005CFRTitle33,Volume1"(http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_06/33cfr117_06.html).
Access.gpo.gov.Retrieved20091201.
4. ^"LocalNoticetoMarinersUSCGNavigationCenter"(http://www.navcen.uscg.gov/?pageName=lnmMain).
UnitedStatesCoastGuard.Retrieved20091201.

Externallinks
MoveableBridgesintheBritishIsles
(http://www.movablebridges.org.uk/)

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