Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
2014
___________________
Name: ________________________Grade:__________
GRADE: 10
SUBJECT: PHYSICS
TIME: 1 HOURS
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Whenever necessary take g = 10 m/s2
The use of scientific calculators is allowed.
Remember to show all the working and write the units where necessary.
W = mg
Pressure = Force
Area
Pressure = h g
Work = f x d
Power = Energy
Time
Lab Reports /5
Comments:_________________________________________________________________________
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1. Convert the following quantities in the unit shown in the brackets.
2
(a) 25200 sec (hrs)
(b) 4.5 ltrs (cm3)
7hrs
4500 cm3
56980 g
634 cm
cm2
x 1012 cm3
(4)
2. (a) Fill in the gaps below to complete the statement about vector and scalar quantities.
Vectors
size.
(3)
(b) The table below contains some vector and scalar quantities. Fill in the gaps by choosing two
suitable quantities from the list.
(2)
Vectors
Scalars
displacement
distance
force
mass
velocity
speed
Acceleration, momentum,
temperature, weight
Area, density
List
acceleration
Area
density
momentum
Temperature
weight
Mid-Year Gr 10 2014
3
3. Simon is determining the density of modelling clay by two methods.
(a) Method 1
He moulds a piece of modelling clay into a cube shape as shown in Fig1.
(i)
Fig 1.
On Fig 1, measure the height h, width w and depth d of the cube-shaped piece of modelling
clay.
h = 3.4
(ii)
cm
w = 3.2cm d = 3.0cm.
(1)
Calculate the density of the modelling clay where the mass of the modelling clay is 103 g.
m 103
=
=3.16 g /cm3
V 32.64
(2)
(b) Method 2
The student cuts the piece of modelling clay into two pieces. One piece is approximately twice
the size of the other piece. The mass of the smaller piece is 34.5 g.
Fig.2a shows a measuring cylinder containing water. Fig.2b shows the same measuring cylinder
after the smaller piece of modelling clay has been lowered into it.
Fig. 2a
Mid-Year Gr 10 2014
Fig. 2b
4
(i) Record the volume of water in the measuring cylinder, as shown in Fig.2a.50
(ii) Record the new volume in the measuring cylinder, as shown in Fig.2b
cm3
64 cm3 (1)
(iii)Describe briefly one precaution you would take to read the measuring cylinder correctly.
64 50 = 14cm3
(v) Calculate the density of the modelling clay, where the mass of the modelling clay was 34.5 g.
m 34.5
=
=2.46 g/cm3
= V 14
(1)
(c) (i) Assuming that the experiment has been carried out with care, suggest two reasons why
the two values obtained for the density of the modelling clay in (a) and (b) may not be the
same.
2.4N (1)
(c) Calculate the mass of the object.
W 2.4
W = mg m = g = 10 =0.24 kg
Tension
(1)
(d) On the diagram, draw and name the two forces acting on the object.
(2)
weight
Newtons third law of motion. For every action there is an equal and
opposite reaction. (2)
Mid-Year Gr 10 2014
5
5. A light spring which obeys Hookes Law is hung from a beam. The lower end carries a pointer
which is against the 50mm mark, on a vertical ruler, when the spring has no load attached to it.
When a load of 20N is hung on the spring, the pointer moves to the 130mm mark.
20N = 80mm
? = 1mm
20 / 80 = 0.25N
(1)
(c) Where on the scale, would the pointer be when the load
attached to the spring is 10N?
20N = 80mm
800 / 20 = 40mm
10 N = ?
Thus 50mm + 40mm = 90mm
(2)
(d) The following data refers to a stiff mattress spring that is used to suspend very heavy loads.
Force (N)
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
Extension (cm)
1.5
3.0
4.5
6.0
9.0
(i)Use the graph paper provided to plot a graph of force on the y-axis and extension on the x-axis. (3)
(ii) What is the elastic limit of this spring?
6cm or 20000N
(1)
The maximum load that the spring can support before it deforms
permanently. (2)
6. Fig.3 shows a device used for compressing crushed material.
Mid-Year Gr 10 2014
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The lever arm rotates about the hinge H at its right-hand end. A force of 20 N acts downwards on the
left-hand end of the lever arm. The force F of the crushed material on the plunger acts upwards.
Ignore the weight of the lever arm.
(a) State the law of moments.
a.c.m.
10
=
=
c.m
F x 0.12
10
=F=83.33 N
0.12
(3)
7. The diagram below shows a triangle that is balanced on one of its vertices.
c.o.g
(a) Mark with a cross the position of the centre of gravity of the above object.
(1)
(b) The object is given a slight push. Explain why the triangle will topple over.
The downward force of weight comes out of the base area when tilted
and so it topples over (2)
(c) In the space below, draw a sketch of the triangle when placed in a stable equilibrium.
Mid-Year Gr 10 2014
(2)
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(d) What are the two necessary conditions for an object to be stable?
B, C, A
(2)
8. A diver is at a depth of 25 m beneath the surface of a lake. He carries a cylinder of high-pressure air
on his back.
(a) (i) Explain how the air molecules exert a pressure on the inside surface of the cylinder.
The air molecules are moving at high speeds in random direction. They
collide with each other and with the walls of the container thus exerting a
pressure. (2)
(b) (i) The density of the water in the lake is 1000 kg / m3 and the atmospheric pressure at the surface is
1.0 105 Pa. Calculate the total pressure 25 m beneath the surface of the lake.
= h g = 25 x 1000 x 10 = 250,000 +100,000 = 350,000Pa (3)
(ii) What happens to the pressure in the lake if the diver had to go down deeper than 25m.
The pressure increases as pressure is proportional to depth (1)
9. Trevor uses a pair of roller blades to go roller skating on a Saturday afternoon. Each roller blade has
four small wheels as shown in the diagram. While roller skating, the area of each wheel in contact
with the ground is 0.04m2.
(a) Define pressure and give its units.
Mid-Year Gr 10 2014
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(c) While roller skating, Trevor can balance himself on just one wheel. Calculate a value for the new
pressure.
F 400
P = A = 0.04 =10,000 Pa (2)
(d) If Trevor roller blades on a wooden floor. Will he damage the floor when on eight wheels or
when on one wheel. Explain.
He will damage the floor when standing on one wheel as the smaller the
area of contact the larger is the pressure. (2)
10. Fig. 4 shows some gas contained in a cylinder by a heavy piston. The piston can move up and down
in the cylinder with negligible friction.
(a) There is a small increase in the pressure of the atmosphere above the piston.
(i) On Fig. 4, draw a possible new position for the lower face of the piston.
(1)
(ii) Explain, in terms of the molecules of the gas and the molecules of the atmosphere, your answer
to (a)(i).
The atmospheric pressure is now larger than the pressure of the air inside
the cylinder thus it exerts a larger force and pushes the piston downwards
(2)
(b) The pressure of the atmosphere above the piston returns to its original value, and the piston
returns to its original position, as shown in Fig. 4.2.
Mid-Year Gr 10 2014
The gas, piston and cylinder are now heated to a much higher temperature.
(i) On Fig. 4.2, draw a possible new position for the lower face of the piston.
(1)
(ii) Explain, in terms of the molecules of the gas and the molecules of the atmosphere, your answer
to (b)(i).
As the outside pressure became larger than the pressure inside the ear canal,
a pressure was felt on the ear from the outside air. (2)
11. (a) Anna drives an electric car to go to work. She recharges the battery-pack of her car every 80km
by connecting the battery-pack to the mains supply.
Complete the following sentences by filling in the missing words from the list below.
kinetic
electrical
fossil
chemical
(2)
(b)State one advantage and one disadvantage of each of the following types of energy.
Type of energy
Nuclear Energy
Advantage
Disadvantage
Solar Energy
(4)
Mid-Year Gr 10 2014
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(c) Wind energy is one of the energy sources that can be used for our country.
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
Below draw an energy flow chart to represent the energy changes that take place in a wind
turbine.
sound
electrical
kinetic
(2)
12. An archer pulls the string of his bow, and moves the arrow to the position shown in Fig. 5
He then releases the string so that the arrow is fired towards a target.
Energy cannot be created nor destroyed. It can be changed from one form to
another. (2)
Mid-Year Gr 10 2014
(1)
11
12. A battery drives an electric motor, which turns a pulley to lift a weight of 700N.
(a) Calculate the work done in raising the 700N weight by 200cm.
W.D = F x d = 700 x 2 = 1400J (2)
(b) The weight was raised in 2 minutes. Calculate the power of the motor.
w . d 1400
P = t = 120 =11.7 W (2)
Mid-Year Gr 10 2014