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Council Of Ministers
Art 163. Council of Ministers to aid and advise Governor.
(1) There shall be a Council of Ministers with the Chief Minister at the head to aid
and advise the Governor in the exercise of his functions, except in so far as he is by
or under this Constitution required to exercise his functions or any of them in his
discretion.
(2) The question whether any, and if so what, advice was tendered by Ministers to
the Governor shall not be inquired into in any court.
Art.164. Other provisions as to Ministers.
(1) The Chief Minister shall be appointed by the Governor and the other Ministers
shall be appointed by the Governor on the advice of the Chief Minister, and the
Ministers shall hold office during the pleasure of the Governor: Provided that in the
States of Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh and Odisha, there shall be a
Minister in charge of tribal welfare who may in addition be in charge of the welfare
of the Scheduled Castes and backward classes or any other work.

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(1) All executive action of the Government of a State shall be expressed to be taken
in
the
name
of
the
Governor.
(2) Orders and other instruments made and executed in the name of the Governor
shall be authenticated in such manner as may be specified in rules to be made by
the Governor, and the validity of an order or instrument which is so authenticated
shall not be called in question on the ground that it is not an order or instrument
made or executed by the Governor.
(3) The Governor shall make rules for the more convenient transaction of the
business of the Government of the State, and for the allocation among Ministers of
the said business in so far as it is not business with respect to which the Governor is
by or under this Constitution required to act in his discretion.

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(1) Subject to the provisions of this Constitution and to the rules and
standing orders regulating the procedure of the Legislature, there shall be
freedom of speech in the Legislature of every State.
(2) No member of the Legislature of a State shall be liable to any
proceedings in any court in respect of anything said or any vote given by him
in the Legislature or any committee thereof, and no person shall be so liable
in respect of the publication by or under the authority of a House of such a
Legislature of any report, paper, votes or proceedings.

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(1) Subject to the provisions of articles 198 and 207 with respect to Money
Bills and other financial Bills, a Bill may originate in either House of the
Legislature of a State which has a Legislative Council.
(2) Subject to the provisions of articles 197 and 198, a Bill shall not be
deemed to have been passed by the Houses of the Legislature of a State
having a Legislative Council unless it has been agreed to by both Houses,
either without amendment or with such amendments only as are agreed
to by both Houses.
(3) A Bill pending in the Legislature of a State shall not lapse by reason of
the prorogation of the House or Houses thereof.

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(1) If at any time, except when the Legislative Assembly of a State is in

session, or where there is a Legislative Council in a State, except when
both Houses of the Legislature are in session, the Governor is satisfied
that circumstances exist which render it necessary for him to take
immediate action, he may promulgate such Ordinances as the
circumstances appear to him to require: Provided that the Governor shall
not, without instructions from the President, promulgate any such
Ordinance if
(a) a Bill containing the same provisions would under this Constitution
have required the previous sanction of the President for the introduction
thereof into the Legislature; or
(b) he would have deemed it necessary to reserve a Bill containing the
same provisions for the consideration of the President;

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