LOYOLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY / DEPARTMENT OF ECE

EC 2305: Transmission Lines and Wave Guides- Unit 1 & 2 Question Bank

UNIT-I/ PART A
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Define neper. What is its relation with Decibels?

What are called constants K filters and what are the demerits?
What is the significance of propagation constant in symmetrical network?
Draw the equivalent circuit for a piezoelectric crystal.
For a symmetrical network, define propagation constant and characteristic impedance.
What are the advantages of m-derived filters?
Why constant K filters are also known as prototype filters?
If Zoc =1000 and Zsc =360, determine the Zo of the symmetrical network.
What are the disadvantages of constant-k prototype filter section?
Find L and C of a low pass T section constant-k filter having a cutoff frequency of
1.8KHz and load of 500ohms.

11. Design a prototype low pass filter T section of design impedance Ro =500 and cutoff
frequency fc=2000Hz
12. Compare constant K and m-derived filters.
13. Determine the value of C required by a prototype H.P. T-section filter having a cutoff
freq of 1KHz to work into a 600 load resistance.
14.
15.
16.
17.

What are the characteristics of an ideal filter?

Draw a simple Band-pass filter network and give the values of circuit elements.
What are called cut-off frequencies in the design of filters?
A T section LPF has series L of 80mH and shunt capacitance of 0.022F. Determine
the cutoff freq and the nominal impedance.

18. What are the properties of band elimination filter?

19. How the resonant frequency is chosen in the m-derived high pass filters?
20. Why m-derived filter of L-sections are used as terminations of composite filters?

UNIT-I/ PART B
1.

(i) Derive the equations for the characteristic impedance of symmetrical T and
networks.
(ii) Discuss the properties of symmetrical network in terms of characteristic
impedance and propagation constant.

2.

(i)Explain the design of a low-pass filter using a typical cut-off frequency desired
and the load resistance to be supplied. Also explain with diagram the manner of
variation of Zo (characteristic impedance) over the pass band for the T and
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networks.

(ii)Determine the cutoff frequency for the low-pass filter shown in fig.
1

L1
8 0 /2 m H

1
C 1

L2

8 0 /2 m H

0 .5 u f

3.

(i) Explain the operation and design of constant-K T section band elimination filter
with necessary equations and diagrams and also plot the variation of reactance
with respect to frequency.
(ii) Design a constant K band pass filter (both T and -sections) having a design
impedance of 600 and cut off frequencies of 1 KHz and 4 KHz .

4.

(i)With a neat diagram explain the operation of a constant-K band pass filter.
Derive the equation of resonance. Develop expression for the circuit elements
used in the series and shunt arms of the filter. Consider a T-section.
(ii)Draw a constant-K(T-section) band elimination filter. Write design equations

5.

With suitable filter sections explain the band pass filter and find the resonant
frequency if the cut off frequency of the prototype T bans pass filter is 1 KHz and 4
KHz and the design impedance is 600 ohm

6.

(i) What is m derived filter? Derive the relevant equation of m derived low pass
filter.
(ii)Design an m-derived -section high pass filter with a cutoff frequency (fc) of 5
KHz and frequency of infinite attenuation at 1.25.Assume design impedance of
600ohms.

7.

(i) Discuss the characteristics impedance of symmetrical networks and filter

fundamentals
(ii) Design an m-derived T-section low pass filter having cut off frequency f c = 1000
Hz, design impedance Rk = 600 ohms and frequency of infinite attenuation

1050 Hz.
8.

(i)Design a m-derived HPF (both T and sections) with a cut off frequency of
10KHz. Design impedance is 500 ohms and m=0.4.
(ii)What do you mean by composite filter? Discuss its construction, design and
characteristics briefly

9.

(i) Outline the steps involved in the design of composite high pass filter.
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(ii) Design a composite low pass filter to meet the following specifications. The
filter is to be terminated in 500 resistance. It is to have a cutoff frequency of
100Hz with high attenuation at 1065Hz and 1250Hz.
10.

(i) Explain the principle and operation of crystal filters with neat diagrams. Write its
applications
(ii) Design an m-derived T section low pass filter having cutoff frequency of 1 KHz
. Design impedance is 400 and the resonant frequency is 1100 Hz
UNIT-II/ PART A
1.

Write the need for inductance loading of telephone cables.

2.

A transmissio n line has a characteristic impedance of 400 Q an d is terminate d

3.

by a load impedance of (650 - J475) Q . Determine the reflection coefficient.

Draw the equivalent circuit of a unit length of a transmission line.

4.

What is meant by infinite line? When does a finite line appear as an infinite line?

5.

If a line is to have neither freq nor delay distortion, how do you relate attenuation constant

6.

and velocity of propagation to frequency?

How can distortion be reduced in a transmission line?

7.

A transmission lie has Zo = 745-12 and is terminated in ZR = 100 . Calculate the

8.

reflection loss in dB.

Define delay distortion and phase distortion.

9.

Write the expressions for the phase constant and velocity of propagation for telephone

cable.
10. What is the relationship between characteristics impedance and propagation constant?
11. What is meant by distortion less line? State the condition for distortion less line.
12. What is meant by inductance loading of telephone cables?
13. What is propagation constant? Which are its two components?
14. Find the attenuation and phase shift constant of a wave propagating along the line whose

propagation constant is 1.048x10-4 88.8

15. Find the reflection coefficient of a 50 transmission line when it is terminated by a loa
impedance of 60+j40 .
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16. Define reflection loss.

17. Calculate the characteristic impedance of a transmission line if Zoc = 550 -60

and Zsc = 500 30 .

18. Calculate the load reflection coefficient of a perfectly matched line with no reflection from
load.
19. How much inductive loading is required to make a 16-gauge cable distortion less? The line
parameters are R = 42.1 /km, G = 1.5 mho, C = 0.062 f/km and L = 1 mH/km.
20. List the various types of transmission lines used in practice.
UNIT-II/ PART B

1.

(i) Derive the transmission line equations and hence obtain expressions for the voltage
and current on a transmission line

(ii) A transmission line has L = 10 mH/m , C = 10- 7 F/m , R = 20 /m an d G = 10- 5

mhos/m . Find the input impedance at a frequency of (5000 / 2 ) Hz, if the line is very
long
2.

(i) Discuss the types of waveform distortion introduced by a transmission line. Derive the
conditions for the distortionless operation of a transmission line.

(ii) The characteristic impedance of a Uniform transmission line is 2309.6 at 800 Hz. A t
this frequency, the propagation constant is 0.054 (0.0366 + j 0.999) per km .
Determine R and L

3. (i) Derive the general solutions of a transmission line terminated with any load impedance
ZR.

(ii) A transmission line has the following constants R = 10.4 , L = 3.663 mH, C = 0.00835
F and G = 0.08 mhos. Calculate its characteristic impedance, attenuation and phase
constant and phase velocity.

4. (i) Derive the equation of attenuation constant and phase constants of transmission lines in
terms of line constants R,L,C and G and explain the significance of reflection coefficient and
insertion loss.

(ii) Discuss the theory of open and short circuited lines with voltage and current distribution
diagrams and also get the input impedance expression.

5. (i) If Z = R + jL and Y = G + jC, show that the line parameter values fix the velocity of
propagation for an ideal line.
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(ii)Deduce the expressions for characteristic impedance and propagation constant of a line
of cascaded identical and symmetrical T sections of impedance.

6. Derive the equation of attenuation constant and phase constants of transmission lines in
terms of line constants R,L,C and G and explain the significance of reflection coefficient and
insertion loss.

7. A generator of 1V, 1 KHz supplies power to a 100 Km open wire line terminated in 200
resistance. The line parameters are R= 10 Ohms/Km, L=3.8mH/Km, G = 1 x 10 -6 mho/Km,
C= 0.0085 F/Km. Calculate the impedance, reflection coefficient, power and transmission
efficiency.
8. (i) Derive Campbells equation.
(ii) Explain the reflection on lines not terminated in characteristic impedance with phasor
diagrams. Define reflection coefficient and reflection loss.

9. Derive an expression for the input impedance of a transmission line. Hence obtain the input
impedance for a lossless line.(8)
(ii) Write a short note on reflection factor and reflection loss.(8)

10. (i) Discuss in detail about Inductance loading of Telephone cables and derive the
attenuation constant (), phase constant () and velocity of signal transmission (v) for the
uniformly loaded cable.

(ii) A telephone cable 64km long has a resistance of 13 /km and a capacitance of 0.008
f/km. Calculate the attenuation constant, velocity and wavelength of the line at 1000Hz..

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