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2.Winding

2.5PirnWinders
Pirns are the yarn packages used within the shuttle to supply the yarns for pick insertion during weaving. The
dimension of the shuttle is restricted by the shed geometry and the strain imposed on the warp yarns during
sheddingoperation.Thedimensionofthepirnisgovernedbythedimensionoftheshuttle.Thusthepirnhastobe
alongandthinpackage.Incontrasttoconewinding,wherethesupplypackages(ringframebobbins)aresmalland
thedeliverypackagesarebig,thesupplypackagesarebiggerthanthedeliverypackage(pirn)inpirnwinding.As
theyarnsarealreadybeencleanedfromslubsandotherobjectionablefaults,noyarnclearingoperationisrequired
inpirnwinding.
The winding principle of pirn is different than that of cones and cheeses. If a crosswound package is made then
there will be lot of tension variation during weaving. On the other hand, the parallel would package will give the
problemofinstability.Therefore,pirnsaremadebyoverlappingshort,conicalandcrosswoundsectionsasshown
inFigure2.20.

Figure2.20:Stagesofpirnwinding
The base of the empty pirn is generally conical. The pirn winding starts from the conical base and progressively
proceedstowardsthetipofthepirn.Thedistancetravelledinonestrokeoftraverseisknownaschase length.
Onelayerofcoilsarelaidontheconicalbaseduringtheforwardandaswellasduirngthereturnmovementofthe
traversemeachanism.Thustheconicityofthepackageismaintainedandthusthetipoftheconeformedbythe
coilsofyarnslowlyproceedstowrdsthetipofthepirn.Theprocesscanbevisualisedasifoneplasticcup(having
conesahpe)isplacedoveranotherandtheprocessiscontinuedtobuildatallcylindricalcolumn.Thisisdepicted
inFigure2.21. For the ease of visibility, large gaps has been maintained between two cones of coils and thus it
seemsthattheoverlappingbetweentwolayersofcoilsisverylowwhichisactuallynottrue..

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Figure2.21:Buildingofapirn
Pirnsmaygenerallybedescribedinthefollowingcategoriesortypes(Figure2.22).
Plaintaperedpirn
Pirnwithpartlyformed(half)base
Pirnwithfullbase

Figure2.22:Plain,halfbaseandfullbasepirns
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IfthefullandemptypirndiameterisDanddrespectively,Listhechaselengthandisthechaseangle,thenthe
followingexpressioncanbewritten.

Thechaseangledependsonthetypeofyarn.Forspunyarnsthechaseanglecouldbeashighas1518.However,
forfilamentyarnswithlowfriction,itcouldbeaslowas610.

ConditionsforUniformPackage(Cheese)Building
Uniformbuildingofpackageisimperativeinwindingprocess.Thepackageshouldhaveveryuniformdensity.Inthe
followingpart,theconditionsforuniformbuildingofcheesehavebeenderivedbasedonthefollowingassumption.
Assumption: Length of yarn wound per unit surface area of the package should be constant for
uniformbuildingofpackage.
ThepathofyarnonacylindricalcheesehasbeenshowninFigure2.23.

Figure2.23:Uniformbuildingofcheese

So,

mustbekeptconstforuniformbuildingofthecheese.

Drumdrivenwinder

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Fordrumdrivenwinderswithgrooveddrums,remainsconstantduringpackagebuilding.Therefore,Vtshouldbe
reducedwiththeincreaseinpackagediameterdtoattainuniformbuilding.ThishasbeenshowninFigure2.24.

Figure2.24:Packagediametervstraversevelocity
Comments
For drumdriven winder,is constant provided the ratio of Vt and Vs are constant. But if Vt is reduced (keeping
Vsconstanttheoretically,whichispossibleiftraversingmechanismisseparatefromgroovedrum),willalsoreduce
and Cos will increase. So, Vt has to be reduced in such a manner that the product of Vt and Cos is changes
proportionatelywith1/d.

Spindledrivenwinder

Comments
Inspindledrivenmachine,reduces(evenwhenVtisconstant)aspackagediameter(d)increases.So,Vthastobe
reducedaccordinglyasreducingVtwillhavefurtherbearingon.

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CopyrightIITDelhi20092011.Allrightsreserved.

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