Experience of Delhi Metro-Phase II

HV Receiving Substations with

IEC 61850 and its Incorporation in
Phase III
By:

Anoop Kumar Gupta, Director (Electrical)

Mahendra Kumar, Chief General Manager

DELHI METRO RAIL CORPORATION (DMRC)

Set up in May95 under the Indian Company Act.
A joint venture between the GOI and the
GNCT Delhi, with equal equity.
DMRC has the responsibility for construction and
operation of Delhi Metro.

A Master Plan had been drawn up for Delhi

Metro expansion, consisting of 12 lines, covering
420 kms. to be completed by 2021 in four
Phases.
2

DMRC PROGRESS/ ACHIEVEMENTS SO FAR

Phase-I 65 kms. Cost Rs.10,571 Cr ( $ 1.7 billion)
Completed in 7 years and 3 months (2 years & 9 months
ahead of schedule).
Phase-II 125 kms. Cost Rs.19,131 Cr ( $ 3.2 Billion )
Though double the length, completed in half the period
taken for Phase-I, and five months ahead of schedule.

Phase III - 136 km at Rs. 44000 Cr ( $ 7.5 Billion)

Sanctioned in Sept 11 and has been committed to the
Govt. for completion in 4.5 years.

STATUS OF PHASE-III

Further expansion by 136 kms. 110 km

(50 km U/G) in
Delhi & 26 km in Haryana (14 km) Line-6 Badarpur to YMCA
Chowk, Faridabad & (12 km) Mundka to Bahadurgarh.

The contracts are in place and the work is in progress.

For the first section Trial run was flagged off in
December 2013 for the CTST- Mandi house corridor of
phase III

STATUS OF PHASE-III
Phase-III will be completed by March, 2016
On completion of Phase-III Delhi will have a
metro network covering 326 kms.

Delhi is the fastest growing metro network in

the world outside China.

Operation Highlights
DMRC is having 142 Stations and 190 Km in operation.
This is including high speed Airport Express line having 6
stations and 23 km section.
About 2800 train trips a day with 208 train sets (1100
Coaches) on 6 lines.
Each train used to consist of 4 coaches. With the increase
in commuters, the trains are progressively being
lengthened to 6 coaches and finally to 8 coaches. We
have already near about 100 six car sets.
Average Ridership more than 2.4 million passengers per
day. (meaning about 1,00,000 vehicles off the road)
6

Operation Highlights
Frequency during peak hours 2 m 40 sec on 2 out of 6
lines (on other lines 3 to 5 mts).
DMRC has around 7,000 employees, besides contract
staff.
DMRC has assets of Rs 30,000 Cr ( US $ 5 billion)
We earn around $ 170 Million from Operations and
spend around $ 104 M ( Op Ratio 62%)
Fare : From Rs.8/- to Rs. 30/-. The system is making an
operational profit from Day-1.
DMRC is able to service and pay back the loans despite
no subsidy from the Government and the Fare Structure
being lowest in the world except Kolkata.

Operation Highlights
20% of DMRCs revenue is from Non-operational
sources mainly real estate development and
advertisements.
The system is fully Barrier Free for Physically
challenged.
The trains now operate from 6 AM to 11 PM.
DMRC has introduced feeder bus short loop services
to help the commuters.
Punctuality measured with a least count of 60 Sec. and
the punctuality percentage has been above 99%.
8

DELHI GATE

KARKAR DUMA

PREET VIHAR

NIRMAN VIHAR

JAMA MASJID

LAXMI NAGAR

LAL QUILA

YAMUNA BANK

DWARKA
DABRI MOR
DHAULA KUAN
DHSRATH PURI

DELHI AEROCITY

NOIDA CITY CENTRE

ASHRAM

SRINIVASPURI

PALAM

GOLF COURSE

BOTANICAL GARDEN

BOTANICAL GARDEN

DWARKA SEC 21

KALINDI KUNJ

PHASEI
PHASEII
PhaseIII
Total

=
=
=
=

65.1Km
125.0 Km
136.0 Km
326.0 Km

Phase I
65 kms, 59 metro stations
6 Receiving HV Substations One at 220 kV and
5 at 66 kV
One substation i.e. at New Delhi RSS the
protocol at the substation was IEC 870-5-101
whereas at the other five it was RP 570

10

Contd.

Power Supply in Phase-I

The entire power supply at RSS, traction
system and the auxiliary system is monitored
& controlled through SCADA system.
The monitoring and control is exercised
through use of Remote terminal units.

11

Typical Layout for Phase I

ECC Operating Room

Terminal server

Mimic Display

Printer

Panel
ECC Technical Room
Printer

Operator VDU

Local Area Network

Data Base
Remote VDU
(optional)

SCADA

Server
(redundancy)

Server

Manager Office
NETWORK

Front End
Computers

ECC Equipment

Filing

RTU

Substation Level

Remote Terminal Unit

PLC

PLC

PLC

Local console

Power
Supply
Equipments

PLC

(optional)

Example of SCADA architecture

I/O (Field Data)

I/O (Field Data)

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Arrangement for Phase-I

13

A typical RTU consists of the following:

PS

AI

DO

DO

DI

------ DI

CPU

PS- Power Supply Card

AI- Analogue Input Card
DO- Digital Output
DI- Digital Input
CPU- Central Processing Unit
Communication between RTUs and Telecom
rooms has been provided through one copper
cable only
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Limitations experienced in Phase I

Extension-Vendor specific

Limited flexibility

Increased time for installation, testing &

maintenance

Phase-II System on IEC 61850

IEC 61850 protocol for 8 HV Substations of
phase II
Substation Automation System (SAS) for all RSS
(220kV/66kV/132kV - the incoming), 25kV TSS
(Traction) and 33kV AMS (Auxiliary Supply)
system

Communication
between
substation
and
Operation Control Centre ( OCC) through IEC
60870-5-101 protocol
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System Architecture for SAS- in three levels

Bay Level
Station Level
OCC Level

17

Typical 66kV/33kV/25kV HV substation at Church Road

18

Each bay comprises of one circuit breaker and associated

disconnectors, earth switches and instrument transformers.
At bay level, the IEDs provide all bay level functions like control
(commands outputs), monitoring (status indications, measured
values).
The IEDs are directly connected to the switchgear avoiding the
need for additional interposing of transducers.
Each bay control IED is independent of the others and its
functioning is not affected by any fault occurring in any of the
other bay control units of the substation.
The data exchange among bay level IEDs, and between bay
level and substation level take place via dual fiber-optic inter bay
bus according to IEC 61850-8-1 protocol.
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Station Level
Human Machine Interface enables local station control and
monitoring through the vendor software package compatible
with IEC 61850.
DMRC Substation bays are limited the bay bus arrangement
provides independent station-to-bay and bay-to-bay data
exchange.
Substation configuration language (SCL) facilitates
integration of the system by the users/operators and can be
used without detailed knowledge of real-time systems.
An authorization mechanism has been provided to prevent
system access to unauthorized users

OCC Level

IEC 61850 signals are converted to IEC 608705-101 signals through a software based
gateway for communication from the substation
to the OCC.

21

Functional description of SAS

The functions are allocated at bay level to achieve
the decentralized architecture: Bay control and monitoring functions
Bay protection functions

22

Phase-II-Typical Block diagram for the functional requirements

23

Achieving the functional requirements

One Ethernet switch is provided for two/three bays.

Connection from each IED of the bay to the switch is by

a fiber optic link. The switches are connected in a dual
fault tolerant ring.
Two Ethernet switches are used to connect the
redundant HMI and other equipment for communication
redundancy.
The HV protection, monitoring & control solution is
based on the IEDs using numerical terminals like
RED670, RET670, REC670 and REB670 on a
distributed concept based on IEC 61850 protocol.

Achieving the functional requirements

All intra bay interlocks are software based and
performed by the BCUs

Substation wide interlocks are software based; the

data for the interlocks are transmitted using
GOOSE messages by the individual IEDs.

Experience of Phase II- based on IEC 61850

Common protocol for all vendors- Contract specifications
were not vendor specific.
Installation at site, testing & commissioning required less
time compared to earlier arrangement of phase-I.

Reduced equipments for maintenance.

Increased flexibility i.e. in future one or more bays (up to
6) can be controlled by using one BCU with dynamic
mimic display thereby making BCU a more cost effective
solution when compared to the conventional system.
Operation is faster at bay level
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Issues encountered in phase II

Vendor provided one of the bay protection units
(BPU) for distance protection i.e. REO 517 which
was non compliant to IEC 61850, hence it was
kept out of the Ethernet ring, and now it is learnt
that DPR in its different version has been made
compliant to IEC 61850 protocol.

This is proposed to be specified in phase-III.

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Issues contd.

Location of IEDs and BCUs

The vendor did not place the IEDs and BCUs on the GIS
panels of the 66kV or 25 kV panels due to non availability
of suitable equipment .It was provided at a varying
distance of 25-50 meters from the equipments in the
control room leading to a huge requirement of hardwired
copper control and monitoring cables.
This could have been saved by integrating IEDs and
BCUs with the GIS (66 kV & 25 kV) panel leading to less
probability of failure and saving of cost and time during
installation.
This is proposed to be ensured in phase III.
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The protocol at OCC between the front

end server and the HMI/Mimic display
is vendor specific and the assistance
of the same vendor is required for any
expansion. It is being studied/
discussed
to
avoid
it.

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Proposal for Phase-III

136 km network with 11 additional HV
substations and augmentation of 2 HV
RSS

Traction system will be with 25 kV, ac,

single phase, 50 HZ.
Auxiliary supply will be 33kV ring network
stepped down to 400 volts for the
auxiliary requirements
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Phase III contd.

It is planned to have substations with substation

automation system using IEC 61850 complaint IEDs
BCUs and Bay Protection Units to be placed on the
66kV/25kV GIS panels or near to the field equipment.
IEC 61850 compliant distance protection relays are
specified.

With increased number of substations for large

network, and need to transfer power supply from
sources, appropriate response time for operation will
need to be evaluated.
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 Though extension of existing phase II substation

was not envisaged earlier, now on account of
new corridors planned, it requires augmentation
of a few existing substation
Preliminary study indicated that addition of 2 bays
required is feasible with the existing arrangement
based on IEC 61850.
A typical arrangement is shown in the next slide.

32

Schematic arrangement for Augmentation of HV RSS

33

TO CONCLUDE
Phase I -The systems were heavily dependent
on on-site hard wiring and had its own demerits.
IEC 61850 based substation automation system
used in Phase-II had factory tested BCUs and
BPUs with reduced on-site wiring.
The reduction in wiring and the rationalization of
functionality in relays by substation automation
has enabled significant savings and enabled
improved reliability.
Conclusion contd.
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 In phase III placement of IEDs and BCUs on the

panels should also save space in substations of
phase-III.
With IEC 61850 continuously getting upgraded, it
is expected that the systems and relays already
provided in phase II and likely to be provided in
phase-III would communicate with the latest
versions of IEC 61850 in future.
The need is also felt to have an open protocol
even at the OCC level between the front end
server and the HMI/mimic panel.
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Thank You
DMRC Ltd.
Metro Bhawan,
Fire Brigade Lane,
Barakhamba Road,
New Delhi - 110 003.

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