Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Areas
RAN Fundamentals
RAN Evolution
RBS and Site Solution
RAN Transport
RAN Controllers
OSS
GSM RAN
WCDMA RAN
LTE RAN
RAN Fundamentals
General RAN architecture
Radio design principles
Air interface principles
Signaling, protocols and layers
Radio network functionalities
RAN performance
RAN Evolution
usiness evolution
s on RAN performance
Main Topic
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
Evolution
LTE Technology
Session
LTE Fundamentals (NSL744752)
csson LTE Features, Parameters, Counters, & KPIs (PQL841734)
TAC and PCI Planning (SLP971237)
Integrating LTE RBS with DAS (FLQ110283)
RBS Configurations (KSM164752)
OSS (LPP076088)
IRAT Trial and Analysis (MLS482067)
CSFB
Session
LTE EPS Overview
System Engineering End to End Approach
LTE Road Map
Random Access
Power Control
Intra-LTE Handover
Automated Neighbor Relations (ANR)
Coverage-Triggered CDMA-eHRPD Session Continuity
Inter-Frequency Handover
PM-Initiated UE Measurements
LTE Tools
TIPP-L (MHQ453384)
MCOM (HDL401151)
TEMS Discovery (KNK245732)
ITK (HPD300740)
NEMO Learning Session (HJG517251)
Actix
Actix Advance
Neo
ERTT & Audits
Actix
Advance Discovery I
Advance Discovery II
Details
Evolution of Ericsson Radio Access NW (WBL) - Radio Access NW /EVO
RAN transformation and modernization (WBL) - Radio Access NW /EVO
RAN modernization (WBL) - Radio Access Networks Academy/EVO RAN
HetNet, (WBL) WCDMA Academy, RBS Academy
Ericsson RAN advantages (WBL) GSM Academy
Mobile broadband commercial strategy (WBL) - Radio Access NW /EVO
Boosting MBB with efficient spectrum refarming (WBL) - GSM Academy
Mobile Broadband - Enhanced Uplink Evolution (WBL) WCDMA Academy
One Pipe IP RAN Academy
Access Networks, an Overview (WBL) Radio Access NW Academy
Networking Basics, an Overview (WBL) LTE Academy
Evolution of Ericsson Radio Access NW (WBL) - Radio Access NW /EVO
RAN transformation and modernization (WBL) - Radio Access NW /EVO
RAN modernization (WBL) - Radio Access Networks Academy/EVO RAN
Mobile broadband commercial strategy (WBL) - Radio Access NW /EVO
Boosting MBB with efficient spectrum refarming (WBL) - GSM Academy
Mobile Broadband - Enhanced Uplink Evolution (WBL) WCDMA Academy
One Pipe IP RAN Academy
PPM of 2012 (video & WBLs)
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Links
https://ericoll.internal.ericsson.com/SITES/PA_RADIO_ACADEMY_SPACE/default.aspx
https://ericoll.internal.ericsson.com/SITES/PA_RADIO_ACADEMY_SPACE/default.aspx
https://ericoll.internal.ericsson.com/SITES/PA_RADIO_ACADEMY_SPACE/default.aspx
https://ericoll.internal.ericsson.com/SITES/PA_RADIO_ACADEMY_SPACE/default.aspx
https://ericoll.internal.ericsson.com/SITES/PA_RADIO_ACADEMY_SPACE/default.aspx
https://ericoll.internal.ericsson.com/SITES/PA_RADIO_ACADEMY_SPACE/default.aspx
https://ericoll.internal.ericsson.com/sites/Ericsson_Academy_GSM_RAN/default.aspx?Paged=TRUE&p_Production_x005F_x0020_date=20120
https://ericoll.internal.ericsson.com/SITES/PA_RADIO_ACADEMY_SPACE/default.aspx
https://ericoll.internal.ericsson.com/sites/ERICSSON_ACADEMY_ERICSSON_IP_RAN/Pages/TechnicalSales.aspx
https://www.myericssonlearning.com/sumtotal/app/management/LMS_ActDetails.aspx?UserMode=0&ActivityId=118910
https://www.myericssonlearning.com/sumtotal/app/management/LMS_ActDetails.aspx?UserMode=0&ActivityId=152130&ClassUnderStruct=
http://learningcontent.internal.ericsson.com/courses/content/PA%20Radio/Business%20Presentations/07.%20RAN%20Evolution%20-%20Evo
http://learningcontent.internal.ericsson.com/courses/content/PA%20Radio/Business%20Presentations/RAN%20Transformation%20and%20Mo
http://learningcontent.internal.ericsson.com/courses/content/PA%20Radio/Business%20Presentations/RAN%20modernization/player.html
http://learningcontent.internal.ericsson.com/courses/content/PA%20Radio/Business%20Presentations/Mobile%20broadband%20commercial%
http://streaming.internal.ericsson.com/user/global_player/player.htm?program=11050446
http://learningcontent.internal.ericsson.com/courses/content/PARA/WCDMA/WCDMA111028_Mobile_Broadband_Enhanced_Uplink_Evolution/
http://learningcontent.internal.ericsson.com/courses/content/LTE-EPC/LTE/LTE019%20-%20TEMS%20Cellplanner%20for%20LTE%20Overview
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Question
Describe the Site Design Procedure in Order.
1. What type of traffic is managed by logical A interface?
10. How can an existing GSM/WCDMA operator offer voice services
when LTE is introduced?(Choose 2) 100.Why frequency synchronisation is used in RBS?
101.Use of time and phase synchronisation in RBS?
102.Which polarization is used in antenna transmission.
103.which unit is connected to handle, sw,rr management in rbs
2000?
104.RBS3820 is better than RBS 3810 why?
105.ue is connected in cs network, but cannot make call.Effected
KPI?
106.WHAT IS THE IMPACTS OF 2X2 mimo TRASMISSION like that.
107.Cell breathing?
108.functionas of EVO RAN?
109.funcion of TIU?
11. What is the definition of a connected user in LTE? 110.function of TCU?
111.Ericsson mSMM?
112.What are the advantages of rbs 6601?
12. What does VAMOS provide? 13. What is the main benefit of upgrading an RBS3000 with DUW? 14. What information can be obtained from CPICH? 15. What are 2 purposes of power control in WCDMA systems? 16. What are 2 aspects of Automatic Neighbor Relation (ANR) as
per Ericsson implementation? (Choose 2)17. What is a softer handover? 18. Each timeslot on TDMA frame is a physical channel. How many
physical
GSM factors
carrier frequency?
19. Whatchannels
are the 2per
limiting
on capacity- of a GSM cell?
(Choose 2) 2. What are 2 procedures that characterize idle mode behaviour? 20. What is Ericsson definition of a Channel Element? 21. What is a Multi Standard Radio?(Choose 2) 22. What is the benefit of an all IP RAN in a multi-RAN solution? 23. What is a HetNet?(Choose 2) 24. What is an Evo RAN? 25. What is Ericsson AIR solution? 26. How does OSS save OPEX? 27. What technologies are supported by RBS 6000 series?(Choose
3) - What parameter is to be considered while dimensioning battery
28.
backup
capacity
an RBS?
- of an In-building solutions?
29.
What
are the for
2 main
drivers
(Choose 2) 3 Characterstics of Radio KPI
3. What are NAS messages? - Messages between UE and Core
Network
30. What is the main purpose of a TMA? 31. Which are the 2 logical interfaces in LTE? -
32. which two interface are connected to BSC node?-33. Characteristics of Abis for VAMOS and Edge Evolution?(Choose
2)-34. Electrical Tilt increased which 2 KPI will be affected ?-35. After Optimisation Uplink throughput increases which KPI
affected ?-36. Three types of Handover in WCDMA ?-37. Baseband Unit in RBS 6000?-38. what is the use of OBIf unit in RBS 3000?
39. what is Evo controller multi node?
41.
Difference
between Link budget
of BSC?
WCDMA
4. What
are 2 functionalities
of RNC &
- and LTE?
A.
Antenna
Gain
40. Protocaol on Iu interface?
B. UL Sensitivity
C. Penetration Loss
42.
whichwave
modepropagation
shows reliable
dataUL
transfer
to the
target?-D. Radio
- Think
sensitivity,
due
to soft HO
43.
Difference
Between
HD
BSC
and
EVO
8100?
gain, not sure
44. which KPI is affected due to congestion in network?
45. Which release of 3GPP does LTE come under?
46. Which KPI can be improved by optimizing Neighbour Relations?
47. What is the procedure for gaining access to system called?
48. Which Layer is responsible for Modulation and Radio
Measurements?
49. Identify two Propagation models among the the options given?
5. What are 2 elements that limit throughput according to
Shannon's Theorem? 50. What are functionalities of CQI (Choose 2)?
51. What kind of data can be carried by physical channels?
52. What are the advantages of AMR?
53. What is frequency Reuse?
TCU/SIU Function's
Voltage of RU in RBS 6000.
What are site Survey's Done for.
what does TCU brings to RBS
what is Board Handling User Plane Traffic in RNC 3820.
what is GSM OMT tool does.
what is GX interface
What is HWAC
what is the advantage of allowing the TCU-02/SIU 02 to distribute the
frequency synchronisation to the DUs ??
Answer
Its a RAN that the node must supports multiple radio access technologies
as per 3GPP
A user that has RRC connection
Transfer data of different RAN over IP
Very small Indoor Main unit which can inserted in existing Macro RBS itself
Capability to achieve upto 32 speech channels per TRX
An increase in the physical Channel Elements
Scrambling code
Managing power capacity and Reducing interference
ANR is to add neighbors based on UE measurements for optimization,
initial neighbor plan required
The UE connected to 2 cells in the same RBS
8 time slots/physical channels per frequency
Number of installed TRX and Number of available frequencies
Location area update and Cell Reselection.
CE is a measure of board capacity and radio bearer (RB) capacity cost
Its a hardware unit capable of sharing its transmitter between different
radio access technologies and is a common 3GPP specification for GSM,
WCDMA & LTE
Reduced deployment costs and savings on OPEX
Its a network topology of different radio access technologies co-existing
together with small cells embedded in larger cell coverage area
-Its
network
where
small cells
used technologies
to offload macro
cells
a RAN topology
that supports
multiple
radioare
access
as per
3GPP
A single unit combing antenna with the active radio part to simplify
installation process in difficult site locations.
By the introduction of Self Organizing Networks functionality within the
OSS portfolio
LTE, CDMA & Wifi
The power consumption of the RBS at maximum radio power output
Dedicated in-building systems offload macro network and majority of
mobile broadband traffic is located within buildings
Delay,packet loss,
Messages between UE and Core Network
GB and A interface
1. Packet Abis (Abis Optimization or Abis over IP) 2. Edge enabled TRX
Accesibility & Retainability
Integrity
Soft/Softer/IRAT
DU
Alaram handling
A node sharing its resources for GSM & WCDMA Traffic
Handling Radio Resource management & RBS control, Mobility
management
RANAP
UL Sensitivity & Radio wave propagation
Connection oriented / Acknowledge mode
IP Supported/ BSC that is RNC Prepared
Accesibility
Release 8
Retainability
Random Access
Physical Layer
Okumura- Hata & Cost231
Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and Bandwidth
Reported by UE to the node B & Used by scheduler for Radio Resource
scheduling
Speech, Data & Signalling
The use of limited number of frequencies within a given area
Initial Tuning
TCU
Time-GPS,Phase-NTP
Ossiclator
Transport Interface Unit
twice
SC-FDMA
C. TDM over IP
TIU
Accessbility
OPEX
DUW-Digital Unit WCDMA
Openness, adaptibility, expandability, precise, practicability &
flexibility
Handling Radio Resource management & RBS control, Mobility
management
6000 RBS/20000 Cells, 8* 10 GE Ports, 8 Ports STM-1
SoIP- (Main experience today is from NTP), PTP, Synchonous Ethernet, radio
nw freq sync via backhaul n/w-MSMM(Multi standard Multi Mode)
4
Options are - Improve coverage,redundency, / beam forming,
spatial diversity, Tx & Rx div
RNSAP
SoIP, PTP, Synchonous Ethernet, radio nw freq sync via backhaul
n/w-MSMM(Multi
Multi Mode)
HS-PDSCH
SF 16,standard
The Downlink
HS-SCCH is a fixed rate (60 kbps,
SF=128) , HS-DSCH SF 16
BER
Transfer data of different RAN over IP
Integrity
MAC
64 QAM
Jatin's
Answer
Businees meeting-Planning-Integration-Initial
Tuning-LaunchOptimization
BSC
topacket
Core Network
Traffic.
LTE is
switchedVoice
implying
voice can be carried through
VoIP and legacy GSM/WCDMA systems to carry
To avoid sync loss and delay spreading
UE sync
Cross polarization
Accessbility
Improved throughput
Shrinking of n/w on basis of loading
Its a RAN that the node must supports multiple radio access
technologies as per 3GPP
A user that has RRC connection
Transfer data of different RAN over IP
Very small Indoor Main unit which can inserted in existing Macro RBS
itself
Capability to achieve upto 32 speech channels per TRX
An increase in the physical Channel Elements
Scrambling code
Managing
power
capacitybased
and Reducing
interference for
ANR is to add
neighbors
on UE measurements
optimization, initial neighbor plan required
GB and A interface
1. Packet Abis 2. Edge enabled TRX
Accesibility & Retainability
Integrity
Soft/Softer/IRAT
DU
Alaram handling
A node sharing
resources
for GSM & &
WCDMA
Traffic Mobility
Handling
Radio its
Resource
management
RBS control,
management
RANAP
UL Sensitivity
Acknowledge mode
IP Supported/ BSC that is RNC Prepared
Accesibility
Release 8
Retainability
Random Access
Physical Layer
Okumura- Hata & Cost231
Signal to Noise
Reported
by UE Ratio
to the(SNR)
node and
B & Bandwidth
Used by scheduler for Radio
Resource scheduling
Speech, Data & Signalling
AMR encodes narrow band to varialble
The use of limited number of frequencies within a given area
Initial Tuning
TCU
For sync of UE
Ossiclator
Transport Interface Unit
twice
SC-FDMA
To identify cells in DL and Users in UL
MAC
Site Survey
16
5 options given, select 3, answer is all except AXE & APZ
B. Energy management
D. Site security
C. TDM over IP
D. Traffic policing
higher data
rates
& improves
coverage
Buisness
Plan>
Design
> installation
> integration > initial tunning
>Launch> optimization
Weak 3G coverage (IRAT) and Pilot pollution
DU
TIU
Accessbility
OPEX
DUW-Digital
Unit WCDMA
Openness, adaptibility,
expandability, precise, practicability &
flexibility
Handling Radio Resource management & RBS control, Mobility
management
SUB
ANTENN
A
BATTERY
EGPRS
EGPRS
EVO
EVO
EVO
EVO
EVO
EVO
EVO
EVO
GSM
GSM
GSM
GSM
GSM
GSM
GSM
GSM
GSM
GSM
GSM
IBS
LTE
LTE
LTE
LTE
LTE
LTE
LTE
LTE
LTE
LTE
LTE
LTE
LTE
LTE
LTE
LTE
MIMO
MSMM
NMS
OSS
RAN
RAN
RAN
EVO
EVO
RBS
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RAN
RBS
RBS
RBS
RBS
RNC
RBS
RBS
RBS
RBS
RBS
RBS
RBS
RBS
RBS
RBS
RBS
RBS
RNC
RNC
RBS
RBS
RBS
RBS
RBS
RBS
RBS
RBS
TMA
VAMOS
wcdma
wcdma
wcdma
wcdma
wcdma
wcdma
wcdma
wcdma
wcdma
wcdma
wcdma
wcdma
wcdma
wcdma
wcdma
wcdma
EVO
RAN
EVO
RBS
RBS
BATTERY
BATTERY
OSS
LTE
wcdma
GSM
RAN
RAN
TRAN.
RAN
LTE
RAN
RAN
RBS
RAN
BATTERY
RBS
LTE
RBS
RAN
wcdma
LTE
wcdma
RBS
RBS
GSM
RAN
RAN
wcdma
EVO
GSM
RNC
RAN_Question
Which polarization is used in antenna transmission.
Which battery is good in fluctuating AC Grid
What modulation offers the highest speed for EGPRS ?
Main Difference between GPRS and EGPRS
Difference Between HD BSC and EVO 8100?
What is EVO 8100 multimode
what is Evo controller multi node?
What is AMR
What is a HetNet?(Choose 2) -
what is GX interface
which KPI affects UL throughput
Which KPI can be improved by optimizing Neighbour Relations?
Retainability
Frequency synchronization
Use of time and phase synchronisation in RBS?
synchronization is more sensitive by which factor
Reasons for calculating Link Budget.?
What Are the main Difference betwn Quality of service classes
What is Cell Breathing?
What is the basic difference between UE Category?
RBS6000
RBS6000
1.DUL
2.DUG
3.DUW
4.TIU
If Iu Link has congetion & N/w has capacity then which KPI is
affected.
GBR of steaming RAB
Board in EVO controller
1) TRH
2) EPB
3) DXU
4) APG
SGSN lies in which layer?
1) Application Layer
2) Connectivity Layer
3) Control Layer
4) .
Answer
Linearly Polarized
Cyclic
8 PSK
GPRS_GMSK And EDGE_ 8psk, Capacity is Double in EGPRS,
IP Supported/ BSC that is RNC Prepared
EvoC 8100/Multi will be GA at the same time as EvoC 8200/RNC
A node sharing its resources for GSM & WCDMA Traffic
Twice Capacity
20Gbps Iub throughput
HW prepared for 50Gbps
6000 RBS/20000 Cells,
8* 10 GE Ports,
8 Ports STM-1
1) Multi Standard Controller
2)Optimized for all IP Network
3) Highest Capacity with smallest footprint
Twice Capacity------> 4095 Trx / 8092 Trx
Time-GPS,Phase-NTP
home - visitor
RB & radio condition, modulation,MIMO & BW
DUL
0.5ms & 180Khz
~1dB Better in UL and ~1dB better in DL
Release 8
higher data rates & improves coverage
10ms
3 to 5dB downlink link budget due to SINR improvement hance
improve the coverage & throughput
The maximum numbers of carriers for GSM in MSMM in (R)RUS02
and RRUS12 is seven
Openness, adaptibility, expandability, precise, practicability &
flexibility
By the introduction of Self Organizing Networks functionality withi
the OSS portfolio
Messages between UE and Core Network
Reduced deployment costs and savings on OPEX
Its a network topology of different radio access technologies coexisting together with small cells embedded in larger cell coverag
area
- network topology where small cells are used to offload macro ce
Its a RAN that the node must supports multiple radio access
technologies as per 3GPP,of the one network vision, in which
mobile broadband and premium voice services will be delivered
seamlessly over a simplified, efficient RAN that flexibly combines
GSM, WCDMA/HSPA and LTE coverage with IP-based transport.
Under the Evo RAN umbrella, we are developing new radio networ
solutions and approaches that will enable operators to optimize
their use of GSM, WCDMA and LTE resources at all stages of marke
development whether as stand-alone networks or as multistandard coverage solutions. These include core network reuse,
multi-standard RAN nodes and site solutions, transmission networ
and powerful tools that let operators manage more with less effor
Lower cost of operation
manage more with less effort
reduce cost of energy
reduce cost of transmission
Secure Quality of Service provided to operators enduser
Easy support of fair usage polices
Performance monitoring of multi vendor and multi technology
Service management monitoring
A single unit combing antenna with the active radio part to simplif
installation process in difficult site locations.
Accesibility
Aknowledge mode
UL Sensitivity
Diplexer
Retainability/Accesibility
Integrity
MAC
64 QAM
Accessibility,Availablily& Mobility ------- Delay,packet loss,
PTP, NTP , GPS
OPEX
radio network management (such as radio frequency control),BTS handove
management and call setup, allowing the MSC to handle critical tasks, such
as traffic balancing and database management.
Handling Radio Resource management & RBS control, Mobility
management
Businees meeting-Planning-Integration-Initial Tuning-LaunchOptimization
Initial Tuning
RNSAP
HW Activation Codes for CE UL and CE DL / Hardware Activatio
Codes for TRX
B. Energy management
D. Site security
Accessbility
DUX - CPU
RNC 3820
TCU
LTE, CDMA ,Wimax & Wifi
DU
-48 V DC / if AC then 115 / 230 v Ac
TCU / DU (Digital Unit)
RBS 6102 with integrated pwr & battery backup, RBS 6101 with pw
with Battery base unit(BBU)
Very small Indoor Main unit which can inserted in existing Macro
RBS itself,AIR can be installed.
An increase in the physical Channel Elements (CE)
IP over TDM
Traffic policing
or
GSM HD BSC
BSC Highest Capacity per Volume on the Market , Scalable and
Expandable
Up to 2048 TRXs and up to 12000 Erlang (up to 4095 in BSS
08B)
?
modulation scheme
ran power,
beam forming, electrical tilt
?
Radio N/W freq. sync via backhaul N/W ( multi standard Multi mod
?
Digital Unit (DL)
CPU,CDU,.
8192
2 Trx connected to 2 Antenna, / Simutaneously Tx & Rx on each
Antenna
Diesel For long time, Battery should be capable for high Temp.
DXU
?
DUL
RET (Elect. Tilt)
UL Outer loop Power control
OFDMA
Iu interface
Option - 1) TDM Mux
2) TDM Routing
3) IP Switching
DXU provides Freq. reference Signal & timining Signal for Circuit
within RBS
1) LAPD Multilexing
2) LAPD..
3) LAPD.
Select all LAPD started option
1) GSM
2) WCDMA
3) LTE
4) General
1) Throughtput
2) PS call should be terminated
3) Problem on CS Call
4)
112 Kbps
EPB
Connectivity layer
Scrambling code
B&
D
A&
C
A
&
D
A&
C
A
&
D
A Not sure
&
ts -----> LTE ,
MA
true
true
false
dw
dw
orrect)
provides no benefit
ccess is available
45)In LTE, Ue connected mode (Idle mode, PDP connected, Session connected, -110 db) ans: PDP conn
The TCU 02 (Transport Connectivity Unit) is a component in the RBS 6000 product family and has been designed primarily to support Multi Standard R
The TCU 02 has the same form-factor as a digital unit and shall be placed in the radio shelf of the RBS. It is available in product packages for all RBS
8
Gigabit Ethernet ports for aggregation of traffic from multiple digital units
IP
Advanced
Can
Supports
Has
shaping functionality for up to eight queues, with large buffer depth, supporting highest LTE capacity.
act as an IP router and/or as an Ethernet bridge suiting all backhaul deployment scenarios.
NTP, 1588v2 and synchronous Ethernet for RAN synchronization.
a local oscillator with 12 months holdover time supporting synchronization over virtually any backhaul technology, including satellite.
Supports
native IP transmission (Abis IP) for Ericsson GSM RBSs making a true All IP multi standard RBS.
Provides
The SIU 02 (Site Integration Unit) is the 19 inch sibling to the TCU 02. It is designed to fit into the transmission space of the RBS 2000 or 3000, or alte
61)The
NSB Silver (NSB FT series) battery is for customers in a stable power grid with few outages over a longer pe
lifetime therefore minimizing site visits, replacement and costs.
The Premium battery (OPzV) is a more expensive battery designed to withstand frequent outages and in applica
have a long float life.
The High Capacity battery (EON) is developed for a fast recharge therefore recovering very fast. This is necessa
survive. A standard battery takes about 24 hours to recharge while High Capacity is capable to recharge within 8 hou
unstable grids due to its high charge acceptance, float life and high capacity. It is also applicable in long float life con
environments.
The High Cyclic battery (NSB Blue) is developed for a fast recharge and therefore works excellent where mains i
markets with many outages a day or unpredictable power sources like wind, sun etc this is the battery to use. The B
lead acid battery run on Partial State of Charge [PSOC]. This means that the battery will not suffer from deterioration
time is unavailable. This also makes the battery unparalleled for Hybrid operation.
When it comes to batteries in high-cyclic operation, the battery capacity is not as crucial as for stand by operation. B
shall be dimensioned by optimizing the charge/discharge window. The best high-cyclic performance will be reached
to be fully recharged. Charging of the batteries between 80-100% usually takes up to 50% of the charging time.
In hybrid operation a charge/ discharge window between 60-80% State of Charge, will be the most energy and cost
frequent cycling using a narrow charge/discharge window of the battery capacity will most likely give a more energy
more deeper discharge.
11. A site has frequent AC failure. What type of battery will be suitable:
61. IP site looses Sync, then what happens (Delay, delay var, pkt loss)
IP backhaul network needs what param. for sync? (Delay, delay var, pkt loss)
t functionality.
o the transport functionality of the digital unit the TCU adds the following capabilities to the RBS:
dard indoor rack. It supports the same features as the TCU 02 but has the following hardware differences.16 E1/T1 ports allowing for more GSM RBS to be connect
g for more GSM RBS to be connected to the SIU Inbuilt fan unit needed for forced cooling.