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Key Technologies
Horizontal Wells and Hydraulic
Fracturing both stand as separate
technologies that have had a
significant impact on the petroleum
industry and our ability to develop
hydrocarbon resources.
The combination of the two
technologies have resulted in an
industry revolution:
- 24000 references to
Horizontal Well Fracturing in
the SPE/One Petro
Database
- Over 60% of US drilling
activity is drilling horizontal
wells
- In 2011, Pressure Pumping
Services became the
largest single business
segment in the Oilfield
Services arena.
Outline
Early Studies and Fracturing of Horizontal Wells
Current Multi-Stage Completion Designs:
- Cemented Vs Uncemented Liner / Casing
- Plug and Perf Vs Sliding Sleeve
Conclusions
Downhole motors
Measurement While Drilling
Steerable assemblies
Logging While Drilling
h = 50 ft.
Formation
thickness
Lf = 500 ft.
Fracture Half-Length
h = 50 ft.
Formation
thickness
Lf = 500 ft.
Fracture Half-Length
Contactarea
Area
Horizontal Well Hydraulic Fracturing increases Reservoir
reservoir contact
>10,000 fold over a conventional vertical well !
(MMscf/day)
0.3
Stimulation Issues:
- Fracture Re-Orientation
- Fracture Extension / Growth
0.03
10
11
x10
12
PRODUCTION
RATE (BOPD)
13
14
15
17
3R19
2M-07
2M-29
709
1000
1850
2059
1.7
1.6
1.5
3.0
1.5
1.6
2.5
2.2
3.2
3.2
4.0
5.2
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Courtesy of: ConocoPhillips Alaska, Inc. (Unit Operator), BP Exploration (Alaska) Inc., Chevron U.S.A. Inc., ExxonMobil Alaska Production, Inc.
Crestal
Platform
s (WP,
DP & IP)
VALHALL
HOD
UNITED
KINGDOM
0
100 km
DENMARK
GERMANY
South
Flank
Platform
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
100,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
20,000
OHMS
Cemented Liner
0
0
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
Time (days)
240
270
300
330
360
30
Vs.
Sliding Sleeve
Cemented or uncemented
Uncemented
Unlimited # of zones
Estimated Usage:
32
33
Bakken Lithofacies
34
Simenson, 2010
2
5
4
1
3
4. Sanish / Parshall /
Ross Fields
5. Central Basin
35
x6
36
37
38
9 Stage
Completions
39
40
41
42
43
44
Further development of
completion hardware
- Repeater Ports
- Multi-Entry Sleeves
- Cemented Sleeves
46
Courtesy: Apache Corp.
47
ESG July 2011 Newsletter
48
Increased reservoir
contact per well:
Horizontal Wells
with Multi-Stage
Hydraulic Fracturing
49
Conclusions
Horizontal Drilling technology has been actively used for the
past 30 years, but it is only in the last 5 to 10 years that we have
seen the widespread application of multi-stage hydraulic
fracturing of horizontal wells
The reservoir productivity gains from multi-stage hydraulic
fracturing of horizontal wells is causing a revolution in our
industry
The number of horizontal rigs
The need for pumping services
The opportunity for economic exploitation of Unconventional Resources
Event locations
from all stages
plot in the
same general
area
Width: 1700 ft.
Height: 500 ft.
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Acknowledgements
SPE Distinguished Lecture Program
My family particularly my wife Maria, and the staff of Liberty
Resources.
The many co-workers that I have worked with on various
horizontal well projects throughout the past 30 years at Gulf,
ARCO, Carbo Ceramics, Zavanna and Liberty Resources;
Many industry colleagues and their companies who contributed
ideas and material for this talk:
Apache Corp (Karl DeMong, George King)
ex-ARCO personnel (Ahmed Abou-Sayed, Von Cawvey, Jim Dech, Mike
Haas, Frank Schuh, Mark Sheehan, Ryan Stramp)
Kuparuk River Field Owners (Gary Targac ConocoPhillips Alaska)
Packers Plus (Josh Janey)
Southwestern Energy (Karen Olson)
Spears & Associates (Richard Spears)
TAM International (Kendall Manning)
ex-UPRC personnel (Nathan Meehan, Santosh Verma)
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Wood MacKenzie (Sid Sen)
Contact Information:
Mark.Pearson@LibertyResourcesLLC.com
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