Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES
ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY
JRF/NET(JUNE-2011)
Q1.
The electrostatic potential V(x, y) in free space in a region where the charge density is
zero is given by V x, y 4e 2 x f x 3 y 2 . Given that the x-component of the electric
field Ex, and V are zero at the origin, f(x) is
Ans:
(a) 3x 2 4e 2 x 8x
(b) 3x 2 4e 2 x 16 x
(c) 4e 2 x 8
(d) 3x 2 4e 2 x
(d)
Solution: V 4e 2 x f x 3 y 2 . Since 0 2V 0 16 e 2 x f x 6 0 .
Since E x 0 at origin E V Ex 8e 2 x f x
E x 0, 0 8 f 0 0 f 0 8 .
Since V 0, 0 0 4 f 0 0 f 0 4
Solve equation 16 e 2 x f x 6 0 f x 6 16 e 2 x f x 6 x 8e 2 x c1 , since
f 0 8 c1 0 .
Again Integrate f x 6 x 8e 2 x f x 3x 2 4e 2 x c 2
since f 0 4 c2 0 . Thus f x 3x 2 4e 2 x
Q2.
For constant uniform electric and magnetic field E E0 and B B0 , it is possible to
choose a gauge such that the scalar potential and vector potential A are given by
1
(a) 0 and A B0 r
2
(c) E0 r and A 0
Ans:
1
(b) E0 r and A B0 r
2
(d) 0 and A E0 t
(a)
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sinceB r B z yx B z xy B y xz
(a)
(c)
Q3.
0 and A 0
t
0 and A 0
t
0, and A 0
t
0 and A 0
t
(b)
(d)
(a) r 4 and A
(b) r 4 and A
(c) r 4 and A 3
Ans:
1
3
(d) r 4 and A 3
(a)
Since v
k0c
k 02 3k 02
c
Refractive index n r 2 r 4.
2
Since k n 0 k 0 x 3z x Az 0 k 0 1 A 3 0 A
Q4.
1
3
A Kr
where A and
e
r
(b)
1 Kr
re
r
(c)
1 Kr
re
r2
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(d)
1
1 e Kr
r
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Ans:
(b)
Solution: since 2V / 0
2V must be proportional to
Q5.
1 2 V
A kr
e where 2V 2
r
.
r r r
r
y
A. The dimensions of the waveguide are
Ans:
(a)
m
n
0.3 where m 1 and
0.4
a
b
where n 1
a 3.33cm, b 2.50cm
B. The entire range of frequencies f for which the TE11 mode will propagate is
Ans:
(d)
2
Solution: f m, n
c 1
1
c m n
2 7.5 GH z .
f1,1
2
2 a
b
2 a b
For propagation, frequency of incident wave must be greater than cutoff frequency.
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JRF/NET-(DEC-2011)
Q6.
Consider three polarizers P1, P2 and P3 placed along an axis as shown in the figure.
P2
P1
P3
(unpolarized)
I0
The pass axis of P1 and P3 are at right angles to each other while the pass axis of P2
makes an angle with that of P1. A beam of unpolarized light of intensity I0 is incident
on P1 as shown. The intensity of light emerging from P3 is
(a) 0
Ans:
(b)
I0
2
(c)
I0
sin 2 2
8
(d)
I0
sin 2 2
4
(c)
Q7.
I0
,
2
I2
I0
cos2 ,
2
I3
I0
I
cos2 cos2 90 0 sin 2 2 .
2
8
Four equal point charges are kept fixed at the four vertices of a square. How many neutral
points (i.e. points where the electric field vanishes) will be found inside the square?
(a) 1
Ans:
(b) 4
(c) 5
(d) 7
(a)
Solution: Inside the square, there is only one point where field vanishes.
Q8.
rr
where and R are positive constants. The charge contained within a sphere of radius R,
centred at the origin is
(a) 0
Ans:
e
R2
(b) 0
e2
R2
(c) 4 0
R
e
(d) 0
R2
e
2
r
Solution: Qenc 0 E da 0 1 e r / R 2 r 2 sin ddr 0 1 e r / R sin dd
r
0 0
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1
at r R , Qenc 4 0 1 . So none of the options given are correct.
e
Q9.
In a Youngs double slit interference experiment, the slits are at a distance 2L from each
other and the screen is at a distance D from the slits. If a glass slab of refractive index
and thickness d is placed in the path of one of the beams, the minimum value of d for the
central fringe to be dark is
(a)
Ans:
(b)
D L
2
1L
(d)
2 1
(d)
(c)
d
2
2 1
Consider a solenoid of radius R with n turns per unit length, in which a time dependent
current I = I0 sint (where R/c << 1) flows. The magnitude of the electric field at a
perpendicular distance r < R from the axis of symmetry of the solenoid, is
(a) 0
Ans:
(b)
1
0 nI 0 R 2 cost
2r
(c)
1
0 nI 0 r sin t
2
(d)
1
0 nI 0 r cost
2
(d)
Solution:
B nI t z .
B
E
dl t da ;
dI
E 2r 0 n
dt
2r dr 0 n I 0 cost
r 0
2r 2
2
1
E 0 nI 0 r cost
2
Q11.
k 0 I 1
ln ct c 2 t 2 r 2
2
r
(b)
0 I 1
i j
2 t 2
(c)
c 0 I
2 c t r
2 2
1
ij
2
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(d)
c 0 I
2 c t r
2 2
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Ans:
(d)
I
A
A
r
E 0
Solution: E
t
t
2 ct c 2 t 2 r 2
c 0 I
2 c 2 t 2 r 2
1
2c 2 t
c
2 c 2t 2 r 2
r
k
JRF/NET-(JUNE-2012)
Q12.
1 10
a constant vector, is
Ans:
30
(c) F 4 r
r
(b) F
(a) F
30
(d) F 4 r
r
(a)
r
Solution: B A F r 10 3 . Since F is a constant vector, let
2
r
F F0 x y z , F r F0
x
x
x
z y F0
F0
F0 x z y F0 y z x F0 z y x F0
y
x z F0
xF0 F0 y F0 F0 zF0 F0 2 F0 x y z
z
y x F0
r
1
F r F0 x y z F , 3 0 . Thus B F
2
r
F r
Q13.
Ans:
(c) changes by /2
(d) changes by
(d)
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Q14.
The magnetic field at a distance R from a long straight wire carrying a steady current I is
proportional to
(b) I /R2
(a) IR
(c) I2/R2
Ans:
(d)
Q15.
(b) E B
(d) I / R
(c) E B
(d) E B
Ans:
(b)
Q16.
Charges Q, Q and -2Q are placed on the vertices of an equilateral triangle ABC of sides
of length a, as shown in the figure. The dipole moment of this configuration of charges,
irrespective of the chice of origin, is
- 2Q
C
(a) 2aQ i
(b) 3aQ j
A
Q
(c) 3aQ j
(d) 0
Ans:
B
Q
(c)
3a
j
p qi ri Q li mj Q l a i mj 2Q l i m
2
2
p Q li mj Q l a i mj Q 2l a i 2m 3a j p 3aQj
Q17.
mr
.
r3
If m is directed along the positive z-axis, the x-component of the magnetic field, at the
point r , is
(a)
Ans:
3myz
r5
(b)
3mxy
r5
(c)
3mxz
r5
(d)
3mz 2 xy
r5
(c)
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1
B A 3 2 cosr sin 3 3m r r m
r
r
3mxz
xx yy zz r
Bx 5
B 3 3mz
mz
r
r
r
Solution: m mz and
JRF/NET-(DEC-2012)
Q18.
Three charges are located on the circumference of a circle of radius R as shown in the
figure below. The two charges Q subtend an angle 90 at the centre
2q
(b)
(c) 2q
(d) 4q
(a)
Solution: E1 E 2
Q
1 q
and E3
2
4 0 R
4 0 R 2
q
2
Consider a hollow charged shell of inner radius a and outer radius b. The volume charge
density is r
k
(k is constant) in the region a < r < b. The magnitude of the electric
r2
Ans:
(a)
k b a
for all r > a ,
0r 2
(b)
k b a
kb
for a < r < b and
for r > b
2
0r
0r 2
(c)
k r a
k b a
for a < r < b and
for r > b
2
0r
0r 2
(d)
k r a
k b a
for a < r < b and
for r > b
2
0a
0r 2
(c)
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Solution: For r < a
1
1
1 k 2
2
dV
r sin drdd
E.da E(4r ) Qenc
0
0
0 r 2
k ra
4k r
4k
E(4r 2 )
(r a) E
r
a dr
0
0
0 r 2
For r > a
k b a
4k b
4k
(b a) E
r
a dr
0
0
0 r 2
Consider the interference of two coherent electromagnetic waves whose electric field
vectors are given by E1 iE0 cos t and E2 jE0 cos t where is the phase
E4r 2
Q20.
0
2
E 2 , where E 2
is the
(b) 0 E 02
(c) 0 E 02 sin 2
(d) 0 E 02 cos 2
(a)
Solution: Since waves are polarized in perpendicular direction hence there will be no
interference.
Q21.
Four charges (two + q and two q) are kept fixed at the four vertices of a square of side a
as shown. At the point P which is at a distance R
Ans:
(a) 1/R
(b) 1/R2
(c) 1/R3
(d) 1/R4
(c)
(b) q / mg 0
(d)
mg 0 / q
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Ans:
(a)
Solution: There is attractive force between point charge q and grounded conducting sheet that
can be calculate from method of images i.e.
Q23.
q2
mg d
4 0 2d
q
4 mg 0
An infinite solenoid with its axis of symmetry along the z-direction carries a steady
current I.
1
inside and as R outside the solenoid
R
1
outside the solenoid
R
Ans:
(d)
Q24.
Consider an infinite conducting sheet in the xy-plane with a time dependent current
density Kt i , where K is a constant. The vector potential at
by A
(a)
Ans:
0 K
4c
0 Kt
j
2
(b)
0 Kz
j
2c
x, y , z
is given
B is
(c)
0 K
2c
ct z i
(d)
0 K
2c
ct z j
(d)
Ax
K
y = 0 ct z j
z
2c
When a charged particle emits electromagnetic radiation, the electric field E and the
1
1
E B at a larger distance r from emitter vary as n and
Poynting vector S
0
r
1
respectively. Which of the following choices for n and m are correct?
rm
(a) n = 1 and m = 1
(b) n = 2 and m = 2
B A
Q25.
(c) n = 1 and m = 2
Ans:
(d) n = 2 and m = 4
(c)
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Q26.
A particle of charge e and mass m is located at the midpoint of the line joining two fixed
collinear dipoles with unit charges as shown in the figure. (The particle is constrained to
move only along the line joining the dipoles). Assuming that the length of the dipoles is
much shorter than their separation, the natural frequency of oscillation of the particle is
R
R
e, m
2d
2d
(a)
Ans:
6eR 2
0 md 5
6eR
0 md 4
(b)
(c)
(d)
6ed 2
0 mR 5
(d)
6ed
0 mR 4
R
x
2d
e, m A
2d
Let us displace the charge particle by small amount x at A. Then the resultant electric
field at point A is given by
2p 1
1
6d
x where p 1.2d 2d .
3
3
4 0 R x
R x 0 R 4
6ed
F eE
x
0 R 4
E
Then
k
6ed
m
0 mR 4
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Q27.
velocity u . The direction and magnitude, respectively, of the Poynting vector S outside
the beam at a radial distance r (much larger than the width of the beam) from the axis,
are
(a) S u and S
(c) S || u and S
Ans:
(b) S || u and S
I2
4 2 0 u r 2
(d) S || u and S
I2
4 2 0 u r 2
I2
4 2 0 u r 4
I2
4 2 0 u r 4
(c)
0 I
.
2r
I
r
r .
The electric field at a distance r is E
2 0 r
2 0 ur
The magnetic field at a distance r is B
EB
I2
4 2 0 ur 2
If the electric and magnetic fields are unchanged when the potential A changes (in
simultaneously change to
(a) r
Ans:
(b) r
(c) r / t
(d) r / t
(c)
Solution: A A A r / r 1 r C
Q29.
V V / t V r / t
Consider an axially symmetric static charge distribution of the form,
2
r
0 0 e r / r0 cos2
r
The radial component of the dipole moment due to this charge distribution is
(a) 2 0 r04
(b) 0 r04
(c) 0 r04
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(d) 0 r04 / 2
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Ans:
(a)
2
r
p r r d r 0 0 e r / r0 cos2 r 2 sin dr dd
r
V
p 0 r02
Q30.
r0
r 0
r / r
2
4
r e 0 dr sin d cos d 2 0 r0
(b) k x, y, z
(c) 0, 0, 0
(d) k xt , yt , zt
(c)
A
k yzx xzy xyz
Since k yzx xzy xyz and
t
A
E
k yzx xzy xyz k yzx xzy xyz 0 E 0,0,0
t
Q31.
Ans:
(a) I 0 / 12 0 c 3
(b) I 02 2 / 12 0 c 3
(c) I 02 / 12 0 c 3
(d) I 0 2 / 24 0 c 3
(b)
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Q32.
A horizontal metal disc rotates about the vertical axis in a uniform magnetic field
pointing up as shown in the figure. A circuit is made by connecting one end A of a
resistor to the centre of the disc and the other end B to its edge through a sliding contact.
The circuit that flows through the resistor is
B
A
S
(a) zero
(b) DC from A to B
(c) DC from B to A
(d) AC
Ans:
(b)
Q33.
The force between two long and parallel wires carrying currents I 1 and I 2 and separated
by a distance D is proportional to
(a) I 1 I 2 / D
(b) I 1 I 2 / D
(c) I 1 I 2 / D
Ans:
(a)
Q34.
(d) I 1 I 2 / D 2
Ans:
(b)
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B
kE
q2
2 2 1 away from the corner
8d 2
d
d
q2
2 2 1 towards the corner
(b)
8d 2
(c)
(d)
Ans:
q2
2 2d 2
3q 2
away from the corner
8d 2
F1
(b)
Solution: F 1 F 2 k
Q36.
q
F2 d
q
q
and F 3 k 2
2
4d
8d
F3
d
q
q2
.
8d 2
2d
q2
2 2 1 (towards the corner)
8d 2
constants) is:
(a) ar 2
Ans:
b
r
(b) ar
b
r2
(c) ar
b
r
r
(d) a ln
b
(b)
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Solution: 2V
2V
1 2 V
1
V
1
0
r
sin
r 2 r r r 2 sin
r 2 sin 2 2
1 2 f
1
cos 2
sin f sin 0
r
2
r r r
r sin
cos 2 2 f
f
f
r 2 2r 2
2sin cos 0
2
r r
r r sin
r2
2 f
f
2r 2 f r 0
2
r
r
f r ar
Q37.
b
satisfy the above equation.
r2
q/2
q
q/2
(b)
1
2
(c)
1
4
(d)
1
8
(d)
Thus V
q
q
q qq 0
2
2
q
ax ay qax ay q ax ay q ax ay 0 0
2
2
1
V 2r 1
.
3
V r 8
r
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Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Q38.
Let V , A and V , A denote two sets of scalar and vector potentials, and a scalar
function. Which of the following transformations leave the electric and magnetic fields
(and hence Maxwells equations) unchanged?
(a) A A and V V
(b) A A and V V 2
(c) A A and V V
(d) A A and V V
Ans:
(a)
Q39.
JRF/NET(JUNE-2014)
0 K c t a
ct a 2 z 2
(a) z
dz
4 c c t a
a 2 z 2 1/ 2
K
(b) z 0
4
K ct ct a 2 z 2
(c) z 0 dz
4 c ct
a 2 z 2 1 / 2
K c t a
t
(d) z 0
dz
4 c t a
a 2 z 2 1/ 2
2 2
2 2
ct
dz a
ct
2 2
2 2
t
2
z2
1/ 2
Ans: (a)
Solution: A z 0
4
I tr
R
dz z
0
4
K t R / c
R
dz
I
dz
R
0 K c t a
ct a 2 z 2
A z
dz
1/2
4 c c2t 2 a2
a2 z 2
2 2
Head office
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Anand Institute of Mathematics,
28-B/6, Jia Sarai, Near IIT
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fiziks
Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Q40.
3 t
1
2
Which of the following graphs represents the current i S in the secondary coil?
(a)
(b)
is t
is t
(c)
is t
(d)
is t
3t
1
Ans:
3t
(c)
Solution: is
Q41.
3 t
3 t
di p
dt
r 0 e r / r
where 0 and r0 are constants, then the charge density at a distance r r0 will be
(a)
0 0
er02
(b)
e 0 0
2r02
(c)
0 0
2
0
er
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(d)
2e 0 0
r02
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Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Ans:
(a)
Solution: 2
0 2
0
0 r / r0
1 2 1 2
1 0 2 r / r0
1
1
r e
2 0 r 2 e r / r0 2re r / r0
2
r
2 r e
2
r r r r r
r0
r r0 r
r r0
r0
1
2
2 0 e r / r0 e r / r0
r0 r0
r
At a distance r r0 , 2
Q42.
0 1
0 0 0
0
2 1
1
e e 2 0 2 2
r0 r0
r0
r0 e
r0 e r0 e
If A yzi zxj xyk and C is the circle of unit radius in the plane defined by z 1 ,
A
with the centre on the z - axis, then the value of the integral
d is
C
(a)
Ans:
(b)
(c)
(d) 0
(d)
i
Solution: A
x
yz
y
zx
i x x j y y k z z 0
z
xy
Since
A d A d a 0
Q43.
surface, the electric field vector E and the displacement vector D in the two media
satisfy the following inequalities
(a) E2 E1 and D2 D1
(b) E2 E1 and D2 D1
(c) E2 E1 and D2 D1
(d) E2 E1 and D2 D1
Head office
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Branch office
Anand Institute of Mathematics,
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fiziks
Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Q44.
is filled uniformly with a metal. The electric field at the point ,0,0 is
2
(a)
(c)
Ans:
10 e
1, 0, 0
9 0 d 2
(b)
e
1, 0, 0
0 d 2
e
1, 0, 0
0 d 2
d
E
2 P
x
e
d
0
(d)
(b)
e
E
4 0 3d / 2
10 e
1, 0, 0
9 0 d 2
4e
1
e
1 4e
and E
2
2
4 0 9d
4 0 d / 2
4 0 d 2
Q45.
4e
1 4e
1 40e
1 10e
1 10e
E
x
2
2
2
2
4 0 9d
4 0 d
4 0 9d
9 0 d
9 0 d 2
1
(b) tan 1 1 /
(c) tan 1 2 /
(d) tan 1 2
(c)
1
E
Solution: Since E 0 R
0I
1
v
c/n
1 i
where 1
v2 c / n 1 i
ei /2
i
E0 R
E0 I
2 i
2
4 e
E0 I
4 2
i /2
e
E0 I where tan .
2
tan 1
Head office
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Branch office
Anand Institute of Mathematics,
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Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
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fiziks
Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Q46.
A thin, infinitely long solenoid placed along the z - axis contains a magnetic flux .
Which of the following vector potentials corresponds to the magnetic field at an arbitrary
point x, y, z ?
x
(a) Ax , Ay , Az
,
,0
2
2
2
2
2 x y 2 x y
x
(b) Ax , Ay , Az
,
,0
2
2
2
2
2
2
2 x y z 2 x y z
x y x y
(c) Ax , Ay , Az
,
,0
2
2
2
2
2 x y 2 x y
Ans:
y
(d) Ax , Ay , Az
,
,0
2
2
2
2
2 x y 2 x y
(a) B A 0
Q47.
1
1
10 6 m is the conductivity of the shielding material, its
2
(b) 2.30 mm
(c) 0.23 mm
(d) 0.46 mm
(b)
Solution:
I I 0 e 2 z z
1 I0
ln
2 I
where
I0
100,
I
2
1
ln 100 2.30 mm
2 103
1 1
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Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Q48.
Ans:
(b) d / 3
(c) d / 4
(d) d / 5
(b)
Solution: F ma m
d 2x
A
d 2x
1 q2
q2
where
.
A
dt 2
x2
dt 2
4 0 4d 2
16 m 0
q
d
dv
A dv
dv
A dx
1 d 2
d A
2 v v
2
v
dt
x dt
dt
x dt
2 dt
dt x
v2 A
A
1 1
C at x d , v 0 C v 2 A .
2 x
d
x d
1
2A
d
1
1 1
Thus u 2 A
then 2u 2 A x
d
5
d /2 d
x d
JRF/NET(DEC-2014)
Q49.
field.
The ratio / R of the pitch to the radius R of the helical path is
(a) / 2
Ans:
(b) 4
(c) 2
2R
(d)
(b)
Solution: v 2v
Pitch of the helix l vT v
Q50.
2 R
2 R
l
2v
4 R 4
v
v
R
(b) / 2n
(c) 3 / 4n
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(d) / n
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fiziks
Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Ans:
(c)
Q51.
3
4n
r 0 1
ar
where r is the radial coordinate and 0 , a and R are positive constants. If the
magnitude of the electric field at r R / 2 is 1.25 times that at r R , then the value of a
is
(a) 2
Ans:
(b) 1
(c) 1 / 2
(d) 1 / 4
(b)
Solution:
E .d a
S
Qenc E 4 r
2
E 4 r 2
ar
2
1 4 r dr
R
40 2 ar 3 2
40 r 3 ar 4
0 r ar 2
r
r
dr
0 0
R
0 3 4R
0 3 4R
Er R / 2 1.25Er R
0 R / 2 aR 2 / 4
0 R aR 2
1.25
0 3
4R
0 3 4R
5 1
1 a 5 1 a 1 a 5 5a 5a a
6 16 4 3 4 6 16 12 16 16 16 12 6
4a 5 2
a 3
a 1
16
12
4 12
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fiziks
Institute for NET/JRF, GATE, IIT-JAM, JEST, TIFR and GRE in PHYSICAL SCIENCES
Q52.
The electrostatic lines of force due to a system of four point charges is sketched below.
(a) r
Ans:
(c) r 2
(d) r 3
(d)
1
.
r3
Ans:
(b) 2 / 3
(c) 2 / 5
(d) 1 / 5
(a)
Solution:
E0 I E0 R
E
2
5 E0 I E0 R 5 E0 I E0 R 6 E0 R 4 E0 I 0 R
E0 I E0 R
E0 I 3
2
Q54.
E
I
4
R 0R
I I E0 I
9
(a) 16 I
Ans:
(b) 8 I
(c) 4 I
(d) 2 I
(a)
Solution: I
I 2 q22 a22
I 2 4e2 4a 2
q 2 a 2 sin 2
16 I 2 16 I
r2
I1 q12 a12
I
e2 a 2
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Hauz Khas, New Delhi-16
24