Miray Stand-Alone-Tool-Series

HDClone
Version 2.0

User’s Manual

Copyright © 2003-04 by miray Software

CONTENT

1. Introduction 4
1.1. Preface 4
1.2. Fields of Use 4
1.3. Edition Overview 5
1.4. Compatibility 5
1.4.1. Hardware Requirements 6
1.4.2. IDE Controller 6
1.4.3. Multiword-DMA and Ultra-DMA 7
1.5. Program Start 7
2. Installation 8
2.1. Introduction 8
2.1.1. Bootable Disk 8
2.1.2. Software Package 8
2.1.3. Short Guide 8
2.2. Installation Package 9
2.2.1. Compressed Installation Package (.zip) 9
2.2.2. Self-Extracting Installation Package (.exe) 9
2.2.3. Plain Installation Package 9
2.2.4. Disk-/ISO-Image & other Operating Systems 9
2.3. Installation Program 10
2.3.1. Using the Installation Program 10
2.3.1.1. Main Window 10
2.3.1.2. Security Check 10
2.3.1.3. Error Message 11
2.3.1.4. Finishing the Installation 11
2.3.2. Building from a Floppy Disk Image 11
2.3.3. Building a Bootable CD 12
2.3.4. Building a CD from an ISO-Image 12
3. Program Guide 13
3.1. Source Disk Selection 13
3.2. Destination Disk Selection 13
3.3. Copying Mode Confirmation 14
3.4. IDE-DMA Deactivation 14
3.5. Confirmation Dialog 14
3.6. Progress Indication 15
3.7. Aborting the Copying Process 16
3.8. End of the Copying Process 16
3.9. Leaving the Program 16

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4. Copying Modes 17
4.1. The 1:1 Copy 17
4.2. The 1:n Copy (“small-to-large”) 17
4.3. The n:1 Copy (“large-to-small”) 18
4.4. The Backup&Restore Mode 19
5. SCSI 20
5.1. Usage 20
5.2. Compatibility 20
5.3. Problems with SCSI 21
6. Trouble-Shooting 22
6.1. HDClone Freezes at Startup 22
6.2. Harddisk not Detected 22
6.3. IDE Controller not Found 22
6.4. Problems with DMA 23
6.4.1. DMA too Slow 23
6.4.2. DMA not Available 23
6.5. BIOS Adjustments 24
6.5.1. Increasing/Decreasing UDMA Mode 24
6.5.2. Activating/Deactivating UDMA 24
6.5.3. Deactivating IO-Caching 25
6.5.4. Setting the BIOS to Defaults 25
7. Miscellaneous 26
7.1. Certificate of Authenticity 26
7.2. Disclaimer 26
7.3. Feedback 27

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1. INTRODUCTION

1.1. Preface

As HDClone is self-booting, you do not need an installation for the Professional Edi-
tion and the Professional SCSI Edition. You can start (’ 1.5. Program Start) and use
(’ 3. Program Guide) HDClone immediately.

The Personal Edition and the Free Edition also do not need an installation in the
usual sense. However, these contain an installation program to create a bootable
floppy disk in the first instance. Chapter ’ 2. Installation shows in a few simple steps
how you create a bootable disk by means of the installation package that you have
downloaded or been sent. Once having created this disk you can start (’ 1.5. Program
Start) and use (’ 3. Program Guide) the contained program on every PC without any
further installation.

This manual explains to you in chapter ’ 3. Program Guide step by step and detailed
the program’s user interface of HDClone and how to operate it. Chapter ’ 4. Copying
Modes focuses on the various copying modes available in the program. Functioning
and effects of the different modes are described there in detail. For users of the Pro-
fessional SCSI Edition there are some remarks in chapter ’ 5. SCSI.

Nevertheless, in case of encountering any problems using the program, you find useful
information in chapter ’ 6. Trouble-Shooting. If this also does not help solving the
problem you are welcome to contact out support (support@miray.de). We also appre-
ciate obtaining your suggestions of improvement under feedback@miray.de.

1.2. Fields of Use

HDClone lets you copy harddisks on a physical level, i.e. ignoring any partitioning or
file system information. As well harddisks of different size as defective sectors do not
represent an obstacle to HDClone. It also allows copying physical areas within one
harddisk. Due to these features HDClone covers a wide range of fields of use:

4
· Recovery: Copying a damaged harddisk to avoid subsequent data loss (e.g. after a
head crash). Afterwards you can try different recovery methods without endangering
the original data.

· Installation: Copying from a harddisk master for quick distribution of standard in-
stallations onto an arbitrary number of PCs (e.g. for administrators).

· Forensics: Creating identical copies of a harddisk to save evidence for forensic

analyses and verifications.

· User Change: Uncomplicated restoring of a pre-installed configuration for frequent

user changes or installations (e.g. for teaching and testing PCs).

· Backup: Restoring a previously saved system state (e.g. for testing issues or a
damaged operating system installation).

· Upgrading: "Moving" harddisks by cloning the present harddisk onto a new one,
keeping the existing installation and configuration.

1.3. Edition Overview

Edition Differences PIO (U)DMA SCSI Copying Modes Commercial Use

Free Edition ü û û 1:n û
Personal Edition ü û û all û
Professional Edition ü ü û all ü
Professional SCSI Edition ü ü ü all ü

Depending on the Edition you are using some of the features described in this manual
may not be available to you. In most cases this will be also specially indicated in the
concerning chapters.

1.4. Compatibility

HDClone runs on 386SX-16 or higher PCs with at least 4 MB RAM, keyboard and
VGA. Additionally an internal 3.5"/1.44 MB floppy disk drive or a bootable CD-ROM
drive is needed. Furthermore, for a useful deployment the used system should contain
a PCI-IDE or standard IDE controller and one or more harddisks.

5
HDClone currently supports ATA/IDE harddisks with a capacity of up to 2048 GB (= 2
Terabytes), i.e. also harddisks above the “magical” limit of 128 GB. The Professional
SCSI Edition additionally supports SCSI harddisks (’ 5. SCSI).

1.4.1. Hardware Requirements

· PC (386SX-16 or higher), 4 MB RAM, VGA, keyboard

· bootable internal floppy disk or CD-ROM drive

· PCI-IDE- or standard IDE controller

optionally:

· Busmaster IDE controller (Professional Edition & Professional SCSI Edition only)

· SCSI controller (Professional SCSI Edition only)

1.4.2. IDE Controller

HDClone supports standard IDE controller (ISA) and PCI-IDE controller. These can be
internal (onboard) controllers as well as external controllers (PCI or ISA adapter card).
In case of an ISA/standard IDE controller, the first two channels are searched for hard-
disks. HDClone automatically recognizes all available PCI-IDE controllers and
searches them for connected harddisks

Remark: If there are one or more PCI-IDE controllers present in the system, possibly
existing ISA controllers are not taken into account.

Regarding the “PCI-IDE controllers” supported by HDClone, this refers to a standard-

ized programming interface that is supported by the majority of IDE controllers. But
there are also some, especially along the external PCI controllers, that incorporate a
different, usually proprietary interface. These mostly also call themselves “IDE control-
lers”, as they allow IDE harddisks to be connected. Since “IDE” stands for a program-
ming interface (program1 controller) as well as for a hardware interface (control-
ler1 harddisk), this double meaning arises. If your PCI controller is complying the PCI-
IDE standard can be determined, if necessary, by means of the program PCISniffer,
that can be downloaded for free under www.miray.de/de/download/sat.pcisniffer.html.

6
For the PCI controller in question, the field “Classcode” displayed by PCISniffer has to
show the value “0101xx” (xx = arbitrary).

1.4.3. Multiword-DMA and Ultra-DMA

Busmaster IDE controller, allowing data rates up to 133 MB/s resp. 7.8 GB/min, are
detected and used automatically. HDClone supports as well Multiword-DMA as Ultra-
DMA (UDMA). Thereby it is gaining data transfer rates that are many times higher than
those achievable without DMA (in PIO mode). HDClone automatically recognizes
whether both, controller and harddisk support DMA and also automatically deploys the
fastest possible mode (Multiword-DMA or Ultra-DMA 33/66/100/133).

Remark: For utilization of Busmaster IDE, preattunements and initializations of the

BIOS of the concerning PC play a major role. In case HDClone is showing problems
in using DMA transfers, the settings in the BIOS have probably to be adjusted
(’ 6.4. Problems with DMA).

Prerequisite for applying a DMA mode is that the deployed PCI-IDE controller also
supports the Busmaster IDE standard. This is the case with most internal and external
controllers available on the market. If your PCI-IDE controller supports Busmaster IDE
can be determined, if necessary, by means of the program PCISniffer, that can be
downloaded for free under www.miray.de/de/download/sat.pcisniffer.html. For the PCI
controller in question, the field “Classcode” displayed by PCISniffer has to show the
value “01018x” (x = arbitrary).

1.5. Program Start

Insert the bootable floppy disk or CD-ROM into the appropriate drive. Switch on or re-
start the PC. If necessary, ensure in the BIOS setup that the particular floppy or CD
drive will be booted. HDClone then will be started from floppy disk or CD-ROM auto-
matically. You will be displayed program screen directly. For further steps in operating
the program continue in chapter ’ 3. Program Guide.

7
2. INSTALLATION
This chapter is only relevant for the Personal Edition and the Free Edition. There is
no installation for the Professional Edition and the Professional SCSI Edition, as
these are shipped readily on bootable media.

2.1. Introduction

2.1.1. Bootable Disk

If you received the program already on a bootable floppy disk or on a bootable CD,
no further disk creation is needed. In this case, please proceed with step
’ 1.5. Program Start.

2.1.2. Software Package

If you received the program as an installation package (= software package), you will
need a 3.5” floppy disk. Proceed with step ’ 2.2. Installation Package in the associated
subsection, depending on whether you received the installation package as .zip,
.exe or unpacked file.

2.1.3. Short Guide

The following short guide is sufficient in most cases. If you encounter any problems or
prefer a more detailed installation guide, please continue with reading in the following
chapters.

Insert a formatted 3.5"/1.44 MB floppy disk into floppy drive A:. Any data on this floppy
disk will be deleted, so please make sure not to use a floppy disk with data you might
need later on. Please start the installation program that comes with the installation
package. Initiate the creation of the floppy disk within the installation program. After
completion of this process you have a bootable floppy disk. You can boot the in-
stalled program from this floppy disk on any PC (from 386/486, consult the hardware
specifications) you want to – see also ’ 1.5. Program Start.

8
2.2. Installation Package

2.2.1. Compressed Installation Package (.zip)

If you received the installation package in form of a packed file (.zip), you have to
unpack it into a directory of your choice. Then you can start the associated installation
program contained in this package. Proceed in chapter ’ 2.3. Installation Program.

2.2.2. Self-Extracting Installation Package (.exe)

If you received a self-extracting installation package (.exe), you only have to execute
the file. The installation process will be extracted and started automatically. Please
proceed in chapter ’ 2.3. Installation Program.

2.2.3. Plain Installation Package

If you have an installation package that is not compressed, you can usually start the
installation process directly from the directory the installation files are located in. If this
does not work, copy all files into a directory of your choice. Execute the installation
program right from this directory and proceed in chapter ’ 2.3. Installation Program.

2.2.4. Disk-/ISO-Image & other Operating Systems

If you have a disk image of the program or if you are unable to use the installation pro-
gram for Windows, please create the bootable disk as described in ’ 2.3.2. Building
from a Floppy Disk Image, ’ 2.3.3. Building a Bootable CD or ’ 2.3.4. Building a CD
from an ISO-Image.

9
2.3. Installation Program

2.3.1. Using the Installation Program

2.3.1.1. Main Window

When starting the installation program

the main window appears (’ fig. 1). It
contains 4 elements to control and dis-
play the current installation state:

· The progress bar (1) indicates the

current completion state of the boot-
able floppy disk.

· The status bar (2) displays the cur-

rent installation state and possibly
occurring errors.

· The start button (3) starts building a

fig. 1: main window of the installation program
bootable floppy disk.

· To Exit the installation program press the finishing button (4).

For starting the installation of the program, insert an empty floppy disk into drive A:.
Then click on “Start Installation”.

2.3.1.2. Security Check

Before starting the installation, a security prompt

(’ fig. 2) will appear. Please ensure that there is a
floppy disk in drive A: and that it does not contain
any important data you possibly need later on. All
data on the floppy disk will be deleted during the
installation. If you are ready to proceed with the fig. 2: security check

installation, click “OK”. The installation process will

start immediately. By clicking “Cancel” you return to the main window without installing.

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2.3.1.3. Error Message

In case of getting an error message (’ fig. 3), one

of the following reasons may be responsible:

· there is no floppy disk in the disk drive,

· the floppy disk is write protected or

fig. 3: error message
· the floppy disk used is defective.

Therefore replace the floppy disk if necessary resp. remove the write protection and
confirm the error message with “OK”. Thereafter you will get back to the main window
again and have to start over with the installation process as described in
’ 2.3.1.1. Main Window.

2.3.1.4. Finishing the Installation

After successfully having built a floppy disk, you

get a notification in form of a dialog window
(’ fig. 4). Confirm this window with “OK”. After-
wards click on “Exit” in the main window (’ fig. 1)
to close the installation program. Continue reading fig. 4: installation complete
in chapter ’ 1.5. Program Start.

2.3.2. Building from a Floppy Disk Image

You can also use a floppy disk image for simply building a bootable medium. Since the
installation program of miray Software currently runs on Windows only, this is espe-
cially recommended if you are using a different operating system. You can use the
floppy disk image with a disk-imaging program of your choice. It is stored as a 1.44 MB
image for 3.5'' floppy disks (.img).

Under UNIX/Linux it is recommended that you use the available tool dd (syntax: dd
if=filename.img of=/dev/fd0), just replacing filename.img with the name of the according
image file.

Remark: Note that a floppy disk image always contains the program itself only. Even
if you are not using Windows as an operating system, the complete installation pack-
age often contains other useful files like a manual for example.

11
After having built a bootable floppy disk you can start HDClone on any PC as described
in chapter ’ 1.5. Program Start.

2.3.3. Building a Bootable CD

The image file described in ’ 2.2.4. Disk-/ISO-Image & other Operating Systems can
also be used for building bootable CDs. Simply specify this image file as bootable im-
age in your CD recording program. You will possibly have to select the type bootable
CD for the recorded CD before. After having built a bootable CD you can start HDClone
on any PC as described in chapter ’ 1.5. Program Start.

2.3.4. Building a CD from an ISO-Image

If your installation package contains an ISO image (.iso), you can use it to create a
CD with most CD recording programs. After having finished the recording you have a
bootable CD with the corresponding program on it. From this bootable CD you can start
HDClone on any PC as described in chapter ’ 1.5. Program Start.

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3. PROGRAM GUIDE
The application interface of HDClone is divided into different windows. These windows
guide you through the program step by step. Using the <Esc> key you get back to the
previously active window. If you press the <Esc> key within the first window, HDClone
will be terminated (’ 3.9. Leaving the Program).

3.1. Source Disk Selection

This window appears at first after starting the program. Here you can select the hard-
disk you want to make a copy of. Please use the arrow keys for up- and downwards to
change the focus to the desired harddisk and the <Enter> key to select the focused
harddisk. After the selection has been made, the next window appears.

3.2. Destination Disk Selection

In this window you select the destination disk, i.e. the disk where the data from the
source disk will be written to. On the right hand side of this window you can see a token
behind each disk which aliases the copying mode possible with this disk. HDClone
knows four different modes:

· 1:1 (identical copy),

· 1:n (small-to-large-copy),

· n:1 (large-to-small-copy) and

· B&R (Backup&Restore).

Detailed descriptions of these different copying modes can be found in chapter

’ 4. Copying Modes.

13
3.3. Copying Mode Confirmation

If source disk and destination disk are not identical, but have exactly the same size, a
real 1:1 copy can be created. In this case you immediately get to the confirmation dia-
log (’ 3.5. Confirmation Dialog).
In all other cases – i.e. if source and destination disk have different sizes or if you have
selected the “Backup&Restore” mode – a message or a selection dialog appears, de-
pending on the actually selected mode. More information can be found in chapter
’ 4. Copying Modes. After confirming these message or selection dialogs you also get
to the confirmation dialog (’ 3.5. Confirmation Dialog).

3.4. IDE-DMA Deactivation

At this point of the program you can deactivate the automatic usage of the DMA mode
for IDE harddisks. In the middle of the bottom line of the display you see the currently
selected DMA state. By means of the <F12> key you can change between ”DMA:ON”
and ”DMA:OFF”. Under normal circumstances you should only deactivate the DMA
mode if there are problems occurring otherwise. When having DMA deactivated the
copying process takes a multiple of time with most harddisks.

Remark: By using this switch you can only enforce deactivation of DMA but not its ac-
tivation. HDClone automatically detects and uses DMA for achieving the maximum
speed possible. Consequently, you can use this switch for preventing a possible
automatic utilization of DMA. But in case of HDClone does not detect any IDE control-
ler capable of doing DMA it is consequently not possible to enforce usage of DMA by
means of this switch. If the switch is set to ”DMA:ON”, DMA will be used if possible. If
the switch is set to ”DMA:OFF”, DMA will not be used at all. This switch does not have
any influence on SCSI harddisks as these are always and exclusively operated in
DMA mode.

3.5. Confirmation Dialog

Being in the confirmation dialog, you should again check if the selected drives and set-
tings are correct. Then you can start the copying process by pressing on of the two key

14
combinations <Ctrl>+<Alt>+<S> or <Ctrl>+<Alt>+<F12>. Pressing any other key brings
you back without starting the copying process.

Warning: All data in the destination area will be deleted after the copying process has
been started.

3.6. Progress Indication

After the initiation of the copying process another window appears, which displays the
progress and some other information:

· Sector Counter: In the upper left corner of the window the number of the currently
copied sector is displayed.

· Defective Counter: If a defective sector has been found, there appears a counter in
the top right corner of the window showing the number of defective sectors.

· Percent Display: The percent display informs you, how many percent of the copy-
ing process have been already completed.

· Progress Bar: The green progress bar indicates, how far the copying process has
already come. The bar can additionally contain red segments, which symbolize de-
fective sectors that have been detected on the according positions by HDClone.

Furthermore there is an indicator in the bottom line of the display showing which DMA
mode is used for the according harddisk (PIO, PIO multiple sectors or DMA). In the
middle of the bottom line you can see the currently used modes in form of ”sss>ddd”
where ”sss” represents the mode used by the source disk while ”ddd” represents the
mode used by the destination disk. The letters “sss” and “ddd” thereby represent one of
the following tokens:

· PIO = Standard PIO mode implemented in all IDE harddisks and usable without
requiring a DMA capable controller.

· MUL = Multi-sector PIO mode, also does not require a DMA capable controller and
is usually about 10% faster than the standard PIO mode. Not all IDE hard-
disks provide this mode.

· DMA = DMA mode, depending on system and BIOS adjustments the fastest mode
available (Multiword-DMA or Ultra-DMA 33/66/100/133). SCSI controllers
and harddisks always use DMA.

15
3.7. Aborting the Copying Process

You can stop the copying process at any time by means of the <Esc> key. Thereupon
a small dialog window appears where you can definitely abort the copying process by
pressing the <A> key or continue with the copying process by pressing any other key.

3.8. End of the Copying Process

After the copying process has ended without premature user abort, HDClone shows a
short message about the result. This message includes the number of defective sec-
tors encountered. Confirm this dialog with any key. You will then get back to the initial
screen as seen on program start (’ 3.1. Source Disk Selection).

3.9. Leaving the Program

To quit HDClone you have to get back to the initial window – the window with the
source disk selection. When being in this window press the <Esc> key. Thereupon a
dialog window appears. Press the <Esc> key again to return to the program. If you
really want to quit the program you can simply turn off the PC at this point or press any
key (except <Esc>) to restart the PC. Remind taking the HDClone floppy disk or CD-
ROM out of the according disk drive in advance as otherwise the program will be
started again.

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4. COPYING MODES
Depending on the selected source and destination disk, there are four different copying
modes available. Their functioning and implications are described in detail in one of the
following paragraphs.

4.1. The 1:1 Copy

This mode will be chosen automatically if the token “1:1” appears behind the identifier
of the destination drive. For this mode the selected disk drives have to be of exactly
identical size. In this case there appears a confirmation dialog immediately after select-
ing the destination drive. The copying process then executes as described in
’ 3.5. Confirmation Dialog and the succeeding chapters.

Remark: In the case of one and the same disk drive being selected as source and
destination drive, HDClone offers instead of an – theoretically possible, but poorly
useful – 1:1 copy the B&R mode (’ 4.4. The Backup&Restore Mode).

This copying mode is particularly qualified for copying the content including the operat-
ing system of a harddisk master onto other disks of the same size, e.g. for saving a lot
of time when installing software for a number of identically configured computers.

4.2. The 1:n Copy (“small-to-large”)

If the source drive is smaller than the destination drive, it is also possible to create a
complete copy. The token “1:n” appears behind the identifier of the destination drive.
The complete content of the source drive will be copied onto the outset of the destina-
tion drive. The remaining sectors of the destination drive stay unwritten.

Example: The source drive is 30 GB in size; the destination drive is 40 GB. After the
copying process the first 30 GB of the destination drive are identical with the content
of the source drive. The remaining 10 GB of the destination drive stay unchanged.

Since it is not a real 1:1 copy there is an explaining dialog displayed after the selection
of the destination disk. It describes and visualizes the 1:n copying process briefly. By

17
pressing the <Enter> key you proceed to the confirmation dialog as described in chap-
ter ’ 3.5. Confirmation Dialog. With the <Esc> key you can go back to the initial win-
dow of the program (’ 3.1. Source Disk Selection).

This mode is especially suitable for saving the contents of a harddisk even if you have
no harddisk of equal size available. It can be also used for moving the contents of a
smaller harddisk onto a bigger one. The partition sizes on the destination disk should
be adjusted according to the new harddisk size to be able to use the whole space of
this harddisk. There exist already a number of tools capable of doing this. HDClone will
also offer this ability in a later version.

4.3. The n:1 Copy (“large-to-small”)

If the source disk is bigger than the destination disk, it is not possible to create a com-
plete copy. The token “n:1” appears behind the identifier of the destination disk. There-
fore only the amount of data that fits onto the destination disk will be copied from the
source disk in this mode. The area copied starts at the beginning of the source disk.

Example: The source disk is 80 GB in size; the destination disk is 60 GB. After finish-
ing the copying process the first 60 GB of the source disk have been copied onto the
destination disk. The last 20 GB of the source disk are not available on the destination
disk.

Since it is not a real 1:1 copy there is an explaining dialog displayed after the selection
of the destination disk. It describes and visualizes the 1:n copying process briefly. By
pressing the <Enter> key you proceed to the confirmation dialog as described in chap-
ter ’ 3.5. Confirmation Dialog. With the <Esc> key you can go back to the initial win-
dow of the program (’ 3.1. Source Disk Selection).

This mode is especially suitable for saving the contents of a harddisk partially if you
have only a smaller harddisk available. It can be also used for moving the contents of a
larger harddisk onto a smaller one. The partition sizes on the destination disk should be
adjusted according to the smaller size of the destination disk to ensure that the partition
table will still be consistent on the destination disk. There exist already a number of
tools capable of doing this.

18
4.4. The Backup&Restore Mode

HDClone also is able to operate in the so-called Backup&Restore mode (short “B&R”).
The token “B&R” appears behind the identifier of the destination disk. In this mode the
first half of a disk can be copied onto the second half and vice versa. This allows it to
mirror harddisk data for security and backup purposes, without the necessity of a sec-
ond harddisk.

If using this mode a selection dialog will show up after having selected the destination
disk. Within this dialog you can select the copying direction (“Backup” or “Restore”).
“Backup” copies the first half of the harddisk onto the second half. Select the desired
direction with the key <B> (for “Backup”) and the key <R> (for “Restore”). The currently
selected direction is displayed blinking. Additionally the copying direction will be visual-
ized in the upper part of the dialog in a small animation. The lower part of the dialog
shortly describes the consequences of Backup and Restore. With the <Enter> key you
get on to the confirmation dialog. The copying process then continues as described
in’ 3.5. Confirmation Dialog. With the <Esc> key you can go back to the program
startup view (’ 3.1. Source Disk Selection).

This mode is especially suitable for computers that are used for teaching or testing
issues as well as rental computers or public terminals. For using this mode the partition
layout of the harddisk has to be adjusted in a way that all established partitions to-
gether only use the first 50% (or less) of the available space on the disk. With a hard-
disk configured that way a clone of these partitions can be created with “Backup” at any
time and is stored on the second half of the disk. The original state, saved in that way,
can be easily restored at any time by means of “Restore”. This makes it possible to
bring the operating system and the software back into a previously saved state without
having to reinstall the operating system and the programs. Furthermore, this mode has
a certain data security aspect, which makes it interesting for rental computers or for
computers used for teaching purposes or as public terminals: By restoring the previ-
ously saved image any data saved in the used area in the meantime (e.g. user data,
personal data) will be erased on physical level.

19
5. SCSI
This chapter exclusively refers to the Professional SCSI Edition as only this edition
supports SCSI harddisks.

5.1. Usage

You can use HDClone with SCSI harddisks in the same way as with IDE harddisks
without any significant differences in the user interface. HDClone recognizes supported
SCSI controllers and connected SCSI harddisks – in addition to IDE harddisks – auto-
matically at program start. Each SCSI harddisk detected is displayed with a continuous
controller number, the identifier “SCSI” and its SCSI-ID. Type, vendor and size of a
harddisk are itemized in the same way as with IDE harddisks.

Remark: You can also copy data from SCSI harddisks to IDE harddisks – and vice
versa.

5.2. Compatibility

HDClone generally supports all SCSI harddisk drives. Prerequisite is that this harddisk
is connected to a SCSI controller that is supported by HDClone. At this time HDClone
supports the following PCI SCSI controllers:

Manufacturer PCI Vendor ID Model PCI Device ID

Adaptec 9004h AIC-2930U 3860h
AHA-4944(U)W 3B78h
AIC-755x 5x75h
AIC-785x 5x78h
AIC-7560 6075h
AIC-786x 6x78h
AIC-7870 7078h
AHA-2940(W) 7178h
AHA-3940(W) 7278h
AHA-2944 7478h

20
Manufacturer PCI Vendor ID Model PCI Device ID
Adaptec 9004h AHA-3944(W) 7578h
AHA-4944(U)W 7678h
AIC-7877 7778h
AIC-7860 7860h
AIC-7895 7895h
AIC-7880 8078h
AHA-2940U(W) 8178h
AHA-3940U(W)(D) 8278h
AHA-2944UW 8478h
AHA-3944U(WD) 8578h
AHA-4944UW 8678h
AIC-7887 8778h
AIC-7888 8878h
AHA-4944(U)W EC78h

Whether your SCSI controller belongs to the supported models can be determined by
the vendor and device IDs listed above. If necessary, the IDs of your controller can be
determined by means of the program PCISniffer. This is available for free download
under www.miray.de/download/sat.pcisniffer.html from the miray homepage. For the
PCI SCSI controller in question the fields “Vendor ID” and “Device ID” in PCISniffer
have to match the values given above for your SCSI controller.

5.3. Problems with SCSI

When using SCSI devices, please pay attention to them being configured and con-
nected to the SCSI controller correctly. In particular SCSI controllers with SCSI BIOS
must announce a harddisk at system startup to ensure this disk is available to HDClone
subsequently.
Furthermore, HDClone must support your controller. A list of supported SCSI control-
lers is to be found in chapter ’ 5.2. Compatibility.

At this time we do not have notice of problems with systems that are configured ac-
cording to the SCSI standard. In case of running into problems, our support is available
to you under support@miray.de.

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6. TROUBLE-SHOOTING

6.1. HDClone Freezes at Startup

If HDClone starts normally but freezes when scanning for harddisks, this is mostly re-
sult of an incorrect DMA configuration by the BIOS. Try to adjust the DMA and IDE
settings in the BIOS step by step towards lower values in this case (’ 6.5. BIOS Ad-
justments).

6.2. Harddisk not Detected

If HDClone does not detect a specific harddisk this may have several reasons. It is
possible that the controller it is connected to has not been detected (’ 6.3. IDE Con-
troller not Found). Another common reason for this problem is that the way your hard-
disk is connected does not comply with standard. This may be the case for example if a
harddisk is configured as slave and the master drive on the same channel is a CD/DVD
drive or is not present. But under normal circumstances HDClone even copes with that.

6.3. IDE Controller not Found

There are two conditions on that IDE controllers are not detected automatically by
HDClone:

· Standard IDE controllers (ISA) are not taken into account if there are PCI IDE con-
trollers existing. In this case connect the appropriate harddisks to a PCI IDE control-
ler or deactivate the PCI IDE controller(s).

· The used controller does not comply with the PCI IDE standard. Although most con-
trollers support this standardized programming interface, there are some controllers
that feature only a proprietary programming interface. You also find particulars about
this in ’ 1.4.2. IDE Controller. Connect the according harddisk drives to another
controller (PCI IDE controller).

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6.4. Problems with DMA

As already mentioned in chapter ’ 1.4.3. Multiword-DMA and Ultra-DMA, system and

BIOS adjustments play a decisive role for the application of DMA. In case of problems
with the use of DMA, you can apply the PIO mode at any time. But since this mode is
much slower in most cases, we recommend to you to try out the following advices and
hints in any case. They possibly help you to use the DMA mode though.

During out tests we experienced that there are some chipsets and harddisks that do
not work together well. This often results in the fact that the UDMA mode (putatively)
detected and selected by the BIOS is too high. The following hints are supposed to
help you to use HDClone despite these inconveniences and possibly to apply a (lower)
DMA mode.

6.4.1. DMA too Slow

If the speed of HDClone does not comply with the technical specification of the hard-
disk when using DMA, the DMA mode is probably set too low in the BIOS. How to in-
crease the applied UDMA mode is to be found in ’ 6.5. BIOS Adjustments.

Remark: Note that harddisk and IDE controller have to support a particular DMA
mode. If the performance values achieved do not comply with the technical specifica-
tion of the harddisk, one reason may be that the used IDE controller only supports
lower modes. Furthermore the achieved values depend on the physical abilities of the
harddisk, i.e. a harddisk supporting UDMA-6 (133 MB/sec theoretically) currently
achieves only a maximum of about 60 MB/sec practically.

6.4.2. DMA not Available

DMA is not available for ISA IDE controllers resp. is not used by HDClone as the PIO
mode is faster on ISA IDE controllers. PCI IDE controllers have to support the Busmas-
ter IDE standard in order that HDClone can utilize the DMA abilities (full particulars see
’ 1.4.3. Multiword-DMA and Ultra-DMA). If this condition is fulfilled, there may be two
further reasons why DMA is not available anyhow. Either the harddisk itself does not
support DMA or the DMA parameters for this disk have not been detected resp. ad-
justed correctly by the BIOS. In this case the UDMA mode is often adjusted too high.

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Try to select a lower UDMA mode or to deactivate UDMA completely. Full particulars
see ’ 6.5. BIOS Adjustments.

6.5. BIOS Adjustments

The following hints refer to Adjustments you probably can and should make in the
BIOS setup of your PC in case of encountering problems when using DMA. However,
since the adjustments provided by your BIOS are vendor and model specific, these
hints can only be given in a generic form. For a detailed description how to change a
particular adjustment and which adjustments are possible, consult your BIOS manual if
necessary. The DMA adjustments are often to be found under “Integrated Peripherals”
or “Chipset Setup”.

Remark: Execute an automatic harddisk detection in the BIOS after each alteration of
the harddisk and DMA settings to ensure the changes made become effective for the
according harddisks. Also remember to save the changes made with “Save and Exit”
when leaving the BIOS setup.

6.5.1. Increasing/Decreasing UDMA Mode

In many BIOS setups the (highest) UDMA mode utilized can be selected manually. In
case you encounter problems with DMA, try to decrease the utilized mode step by step
for the according IDE channel. Only if this does not remedy the problems, too, com-
pletely deactivate UDMA. Most controllers will (automatically) utilize Multiword DMA
then, which is still faster than PIO. Of course you can also increase the UDMA mode
step by step if you are of the opinion that the best mode possible has not been se-
lected, yet.

6.5.2. Activating/Deactivating UDMA

Some BIOS setups do not provide a free choice of the UDMA mode but only automatic
recognition or, alternatively, deactivation. If this is the case with your BIOS or you have
already selected the lowest UDMA mode and there are still problems appearing, deac-
tivate UDMA. Most controllers will (automatically) utilize Multiword DMA then, which is
still faster than PIO. Only if this does not work either you should completely deactivate

24
the utilization of DMA in HDClone (’ 3.4. IDE-DMA ). In case of UDMA being deacti-
vated in your BIOS setup you can of course try to activate it for possibly achieving a
higher performance.

6.5.3. Deactivating IO-Caching

If there are problems even in the PIO mode you should deactivate IO caches or buff-
ers. Especially the option “Dataport Postwrite” should be set to “Disable” in case of
problems, if it is available.

6.5.4. Setting the BIOS to Defaults

If HDClone does not work as desired, despite the hints mentioned above, you can try to
set the default values by means of the “Load BIOS/Setup Defaults” option. This ad-
justment tries to avoid all other possible hardware conflicts.

25
7. MISCELLANEOUS

7.1. Certificate of Authenticity

The following information exclusively refers to the Professional Edition and the Pro-
fessional SCSI Edition.
As a protection against pirate copies, our software is equipped with a security holo-
gram. On each genuine volume you have received, a security hologram is attached.
Please preserve the volumes with the security hologram by all means, as they repre-
sent your license certificate.
Prerequisite for you having a valid product license is that the number imprinted on the
security hologram exactly matches the number displayed by the program at startup.
Please inform us via e-mail to products@miray.de if this is not the case with your soft-
ware package. For that purpose specify which number the program displays and which
number is imprinted on the security hologram and where you have purchased the soft-
ware package.
If the security hologram is missing or damaged in any way on one of the volumes,
please inform us also, providing the data mentioned above. In each case we will en-
deavor finding an acceptable solution to help you obtaining a valid license.

Remark: Bear in mind that each volume you have obtained has to be equipped with
its own security hologram carrying a unique registration number imprinted and that
this number has to match the number displayed in the program started from that vol-
ume. I.e. if you start the program from floppy disk, the displayed number has to match
the number of the security hologram on the floppy disk and not with the number of the
hologram on the CD.

7.2. Disclaimer

Although HDClone was programmed with high diligence and was tested on a large
scale of different systems, we hope you understand that we cannot give any warranty
for the proper functioning of the program and that we are not liable for damages result-
ing from its usage, subject to gross negligence and intention.

26
7.3. Feedback

We are deeply interested in your feedback. If you encounter any program errors or if
you have any suggestions for improvement, we always try to fix the former and to im-
plement resp. integrate the latter. If you simply want to tell us your opinion about this
software, we are looking forward to it.

Internet http://www.miray.de/

e-mail feedback@miray.de
support@miray.de

Fax ++49 - 89 - 76 72 91 - 68

Postal address miray Software

Postfach 15 15 01
D-80049 München
Germany

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