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Tutorial Week 7
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Vo
Reduction Reactions
+1.420 V
+0.340
- 0.126
- 0.136
Cu2+ + 2e- Cu (V0 = 0.340V)
- 0.250
- 0.277
- 0.403
- 0.440
- 0.744
- 0.763
- 1.662
- 2.262
- 2.714
- 2.924
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Fe
Cu2+
1M
Fe2+
1M
25C
Department of Materials Engineering
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Galvanic Series
The Galvanic Series
Platinum
Gold
Graphite
Titanium
Silver
316 Stainless steel (passive)
304 stainless steel (passive)
Inconel (80Ni-13Cr-7Fe) (passive)
Nickel (passive)
Monel (70Ni-30Cu)
Copper-nickel alloys
Bronzes (Cu-Sn alloys)
Copper
Brasses (Cu-Zn alloys)
Inconel (active)
Nickel (active)
Tin
Lead
316 stainless steel (active)
304 stainless steel (active)
cast iron
iron and steel
aluminium alloys
cadmium
commercially pure aluminium
zinc
magnesium and magnesium alloys
Department of Materials Engineering
Increasing inert
(cathodic)
Increasingly active
(anodic)
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Galvanic Corrosion
Q. A copper pipe is connected to a stainless steel pipe in
a hot water system and there is evidence of corrosion at
the junction. Provide an explanation.
Two possibilities:
1) If stainless steel is in its passive state, then copper will corrode
2) If stainless steel is in its active state, then the stainless steel
will corrode.
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Question
Would you expect iron to corrode in water of high purity ie.
lacking oxygen and metal ions?
Why or why not?
Answer:
No: needs other metal ions to complete the electrical circuit.
Also oxygen is needed for the reduction reaction ie. It
accepts the electrons given up by the metal
Fe + 1/2O2 + H2O Fe2+ + 2OH- Fe(OH)2
2Fe(OH)2 +1/2O2 + H2O 2Fe(OH)3
Dont memorise these equations
Department of Materials Engineering
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Galvanic Corrosion
The following pairs of alloys are coupled in seawater
predict if corrosion is likely, and if so, identify the alloy that
will corrode:
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Design
You are a materials engineer working for Airbus and
you must select a metallic alloy to be used as a rivet for
joining two aluminium sheets in the fuselage. In point
form, discuss three (3) design considerations that will
limit corrosion.
1) choose a metal alloy more inert to have a high ANODEto-CATHODE surface area ie your dont want the rivet
corroding!
2) electrically insulate using polymer spacer between the
two dissimilar metals
3) prevent water from entering in between the Al sheets
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Question
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Corrosion Fundamentals
Q. What kind of corrosion occurs with an oxygen-concentration cell?
A.
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Chromium Plating
Q. What happens if you scratch the surface of the chrome
exposing the steel? Identify the Anode and Cathode and
show the direction of the electrons.
A: A galvanic cell will form with the steel being the anode.
Highly localised corrosion will occur.
chromium
ANODE:CATHODE is small.
cathode
H2O and O2
nickel
e-
copper
anode
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Crevice Corrosion
Low conc. O2
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Objective
Free variable
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