18 Ch ng php vit li cu trong thi anh vn B1

1. Vit theo cu trc TOOTO = ENOUGH TO --------------------------------------->

The room is too small for 10 people.
The room isnt large/ big enough for 10 people.
2. Vit theo cu trc TOOTO = SOTHAT --------------------------------------->
Its too stormy for planes to fly.
Its so stormy that planes cant fly.
3. SO....THAT = SUCH ... THAT --------------------------------------->
She is a famous teacher and everyone knows her.
She is such a famous teacher that everyone knows her.
4. Vit theo cu trc started + V- ing/ to V = Have + been + V ing
S + started/began + V ing/to V
S + have p2/ have been V ing
They started playing tennis an hour ago.
They have been playing tennis for an hour.
5. Vit theo cu trc ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------->
S+ stop/give up + Ving
S + no longer + V
S + dont/doest + V + any more/any longer
S + used to + V -------------------------------> Unit 18, Grammar
My husband has given up working in that company.
My husband used to work in that company.
6. Vit theo cu trc IT TAKES SB TIME TO INFINITIVE = SPEND TIME V-ING ------------>
Mary finished her essay in two hours.
It took her two hours to finish her essay.
7. Vit theo cu trc ADJ ADV -------------------------------------------------------------------------->
S + be + ADJ + N = S + V + Adverb
They are frequent church goers.
They go to the church frequently.
8. Vit theo cu trc Although = despite/ in spite of > Unit 40, Destination B1, Unit 113, Grammar
Although
Even Although + S + V, S + V
Though
Despite
in spite of + N phrase, S +V
V -ing
Although it rained we went to school.
Despite the rain, we went to school.
In spite of his work hard, he failed the exam.
9. Vit theo cu trc because = because of ---------------------------------------->
Because
Since + S + V, S +V
Because of N
Due to + N phrase, S + V
Ving
as
Because she behaves badly everybody hates her.
Because of her bad behaviour, everybody hates her.
10. Vit theo cu trc prefer = would rather -------------------------------->
S + prefer + ST/ V ing + To + ST?V_ing
S + would rather + V-infi + than + V -infi
She prefers staying at home to going to the market.

Shed rather stay at home than go to the market.

11. Vit theo cu trc cu iu kin loi 2 v 3 ------------------>
Loi 2 S + Ved, S + would/could + V
Loi 3 S + Had + P2, S + would/ could + have + P2
Cu iu kin loi 2 v loi 3 khng c tht nn phi li mt th so vi mnh gc. kim tra
trnh nhm ln gia mnh chnh v mnh iu kin
I dont have his address, so I cant give it to you.
If I had his address, I could give it to you.
Vit theo cu trc S + V + WH word + to infinitive
I dont know how I can get all this done.
I dont know how to get all this done.
12. Vit theo cu trc Ving Ved ----------------------------------->
My little brother can be so annoying sometimes.
I am sometimes annoyed with my little brother.
13. Vit theoc cu trc unless If not ------------------------------>
If you cant swim, youre not allowed in the deep end.
Youre not allowed in the deep end unless you can swim.
14. Vit theo cu trc iu kin hn hp --------------------------->
Loi 3+2 S + Had + P2, S + would/could + V
Loi 2 +3 S + Ved, S + would/could + V
Ann carried heavy furniture when she helped her friend move. Her back hurts now.
Anns back wouldnt hurt now if she had not carried heavy furniture when she helped her friend
move.
15. Vit theo cu trc cu b ng c bit GET/ HAVE SOMETHING DONE ------------------->
S + HAVE + SOMEBODY + DO SOMETHING
S + GET + SOMEBODY + TO DO SOMETHING
= S + HAVE/ GET SOMETHING DONE
Bi tp:
Im going to have someone to repair my car next week.
Im going to have my car repaired next week.
16. Vit theo cu trc cu b ng c bit PASSIVE VOICE - VERBS OF OPINIONS ---------->
S1 + V1 + THAT + S2 + V2
S2 + BE + P2 (V1) TO V2/ HAVE P2 (V2)
IT + BE + P2 (V1) + THAT + S2 + V2
V d:
People think he stole my car.
It is thought that he stole my car.
He is thought to have stolen my car.
People thought that he stole my car.
It was thought that he stole my car.
He was thought to steal my car.
17. Vit theo cu trc Mnh quan h khng xc nh Non-defining relative clauses ------>
Defining clause (xc nh)
Non-defining clause (khng xc nh)
Xc nh r hoc cho bit ai hay vt g
Khng dng du phy (,)
C th s dng that that
a thm thng tin v ngi hay vt
S dng du phy (,)
Khng c dng that
18. Vit theo cu trc Mnh quan h - cc trng hp c bit (Relative clauses - special cases)
All, anyone/anything, everyone/everything, the only thing, the best (v cc trng hp so snh hn

nht khc) + WHO/ THAT (ch ngi) hoc + THAT (ch vt)
All that happened was that/ which they had a little argument.
All (that/which) I need to do now is to buy my ticket.
Everyone who came to the party really enjoyed it.
Everyone (who/that) I met said they were enjoying themselves.
A few, several, some, many, much, most, all, none, either/neither, half, a number, the biggest (v cc
trng hp so snh hn nht khc) + OF WHOM/WHICH:
Vit theo cu trc cu gin tip Cu hi Yes/No (Reported speech Yes/No Questions)
Direct: Auxiliary V + S + V?
Indirect: S + asked + if/whether + S + V
V d:
Do you work this Saturday She asked.
She asked me if I worked that Saturday.