JNK Consultant Sdn. Bhd.

(410503-V)
Calculation

Reference

Project :
M
U

Title: Determine size of dry sedimentation pond (Main)

1. Assumptions
(i) State/town of development
(ii) Area of development
(iii) Basin type
(iv) Surface soil type
(v) Construction period
So, design storm

=
=
=
=
=
=

Penang
1.829
ha
Earth embankment and perforated outlet
Sandy loam (Type C)
Less than 2 years
3
month ARI

2. Determine overland flow time of concentration (minutes)

a) Deternine overland flow time (minutes)
(i) n
(ii) L
(iii) S

Table 39.4

=
=
=

0.15
65
2

m
%

(iv) to = 107.n.L1/3/S0.5

45.6

minutes

b)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)

=
=
=

1.5
250.0
2.8

m/s
m
minutes

48.4

minutes

(i) Surface area required

153

m2/ha

Surface area required

279.97

(ii) Total volume required

184

Total volume required

336.54

m3

=
=
=
=
=

168.27
15.00
0.60
18.70
35.00

m3
m
m
m
m

1/2 Total volume

=
=
=

525.00
58.33
2.33

m2
m
m

Ok. Prov.> Req.

Ok. (L1/D1<200)
Ok. (L1/W1>2)

Deternine drain flow time (minutes)

Average Velocity
Drain flow length
td

c) Time of concentration
(i) tc = to + td

Table 14.2

Eq.14.1

3. Sizing of sediment basin

a) Determine area and volume required

b)

Settling zone

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

Settling zone
Sedimentation pond width, W1
Sedimentation pond depth, D1
Required Sedimentation pond length
Try sedimentation pond length, L1

(v) Surface area, A

(vi) L1/D1 ratio
(vii) L1/W1 ratio

Table 39.5

m2
m3/ha

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Table 39.5

JNK Consultant Sdn. Bhd. (410503-V)

Calculation

Reference

Project :

Title: Determine size of dry sedimentation pond (Main)

3. Sizing of sediment basin (continue)
b) Sediment storage zone
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

=
=
=
=

168.27
2
13.8
33.8

m3

V2

131.47

m3

V2

171.60

m3

=
=
=
=
WB =
LB =

16.20
36.20
12.20
32.20
12.20
32.20

m
m
m
m
m
m

Required sediment storage zone, V2

Side slope, Z
Width, W2=W1-2xD1/2xZ
Length, L2=L1-2xD1/2xZ

1/2 Total volume

2(H):1(V)

m
m

(v) V2=Z2D23 - ZD22(W2+L2) + D2(W2L2)

By using trial and error method,
Trial 1, D2

0.3

Trial 2, D2 =
0.4
m
As a conclusion,
D2 >0.3m (Min) and V2 >V2 required; OK.

c)
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)

Overall Basin Dimensions

Top Water level: WTWL = W1 + 2xZxD1/2
Top Water level: LTWL = L1 + 2xZxD1/2
Base: WB = W1 - 2xZx(D1/2+D2)
Base: LB = L1 - 2xZx(D1/2+D2)
WTWL =
16.20
m
36.20
m
LTWL =

4. Sizing of outlet pipe

(i) Outlet riser
=
0.30
m
The pipe is to be provided with sufficient small orifice openings to ensure that the basin
will completely drain within 24 hours after filling.
2
(ii) Average surface area, Aav
=
489.64 m
(iii) Orifice area, Atotal =

2Aav(D1+D2)0.5
tCd(2g)

(iv) Using an orifice size

2
8.53E-03 m

0.5

22.0

mm

(v) Area of orifice

=
3.80E-04 m2
(vi) Total no. of orifice required
=
23
nos.
At height increments of 200mm, starting at the bottom of the pipe, put 6 rows of 5 x 12mm
orifices evenly spaced around the pipe.

2/4/20146:39 PMD:\D nasri\2014\214002~Chen Yu Land\Hy_Calc\Ew2\DrySedimentBasin 41/1

Eq.19.5

JNK Consultant Sdn. Bhd. (410503-V)

Calculation

Reference

Project :

Title: Determine size of dry sedimentation pond (Main)

5. Sizing of emergency spillway
a) Rainfall Intensity, ln(T) = a + b*ln(t) + c*(ln(t))2 + d*(ln(t))3
(i) ARI
=
(ii)
a
b
c
d
3.7277
1.4393
-0.4023
0.0241
(iii) Rainfall intensity, I30
=
(iv) Rainfall intensity, I60
=
(v) Rainfall intensity, I61
=

136.65
92.83
106.03

mm/hr
mm/hr
mm/hr

b) Rainfall depth, Pd = P30 - FD (P60 - P30)

(i) Rainfall depth, P30
(ii) Rainfall depth, P60

=
=

68.32
92.83

mm
mm

2-year ARI 24-hour rainfall, 2P24h

Adjustment factor, FD
Rainfall depth, P50
Rainfall intensity, I50

=
=
=
=

120
0.000
68.32
85

mm

c) Peak flow, Qy = (C*yIt*A)/360

(i) Type of catchments
(ii) Runoff Coefficients, C

=
=

Urban
0.90

(iii) 10 year ARI peak flow, Q10

0.485

m3/s

d) Sizing of emergency spillway

(i) Sill level above top water level
=
(ii) Riser pipe head
=
Assume riser pipe is orifice flow through the top of the pipe only.

0.30
0.00

m
m

(iii) Q10

0.485

m3/s

(iv) Qriser = CdAo(2gHo)0.5

0.000

m3/s

(v) Qspillway required

(v) Csp, spillway discharge coefficient
B, emergency spillway base width
Hp, effective head on the spillway crest

=
=
=
=

0.485
1.50
4.00
0.30

m3/s

0.986

m
m
m3/s

1.30

(iii)
(iv)
(v)
(vi)

Qspillway = CspBHp1.5

Eq 13.2
10

year
Table 13.A1

Eq 13.3

mm
mm/hr

Eq 14.7
Chart 14.3

Assume

Eq.20.2
Chart 20.2

Qspillway > Qspillway required; OK

Therefore,
Total basin depth including spillway

Fig.13.3
Table 13.3

2/4/20146:39 PMD:\D nasri\2014\214002~Chen Yu Land\Hy_Calc\Ew2\DrySedimentBasin 41/1

Eq.20.9