Scene

Dense
Urban

Area
coverage
probability

Urban
95%

Suburban Rural
95%

95%

Highway
90%

90%

Signal level -65 dBm

-70 dBm

-75 dBm

-80 dBm

-80dBm

Frequency

1800 MHz

1800 MHz

1800 MHz

1800 MHz

1800 MHz

Antenna
height

25 m

30 m

35 m

40 m

45 m

Penetration
loss

24 dB-27 dB 16 dB-20 dB 12 dB -15 dB 8 dB

6 dB-8 dB
(In car)

Area or
length

18.49 km2

23 km

163.34 km2

76.99 km2

106.11 km2

Three TRXs
SDCCH
Number of
Configuratio SDCCHs
n

SDCCH
Capacity
(Erl)

SDCCH/4

0.87 (0.46)

23

15.8 5.5% (2.9)

SDCCH/8
8 (7)
SDCCH/8+S 12 (11)
DCCH/4

2.7 (2.2)
5.3 (4.6)

22
22

14.9 18% (15)

14.9 36% (31)

2*SDCCH/8 16 (15)

8.1 (7.4)

21

14 58% (53)

4 (3)

Number of
TCHs

TCH
Capacity
(Erl)

SDCCH
Capacity/TC
H Capacity

Event

SDCCH Occupation Duration Each Time (s)

Location update

3.5

Periodic location update

IMSI attach
IMSI detach

3.5
3.5
2.9

Call establishment-caller
Call establishment-callee
Short message sending

2.7
2.9
6.2

Short message receiving

Fax and supplementary services

6.2
/

For a given service model, the traffic volume per subscriber of each MS behavior
Traffic volume = (Number of times the event is performed Number of subscrib
The following traffic volume is calculated with the general service model. In actu

Location update

The location updates in cells at the middle of the LA and those at the edge of the
In busy hours, one location update is performed for each MS that performs the IM
In a common cell, SDCCH traffic volume = 1 40% 3.5/3.6 = 0.4 mErl/user.
In an internal cell inside the LA, there is no common location update. Therefore,
In a cell located on the LA edge, the number of location updates is three times tha

Periodic location update

The number of periodic location updates depends on the system configuration. A

IMSI attach/detach

The IMSI attach/detach is closely related to the user behavior. Assume that in bus

Call establishment

Generally, in busy hours, 0.8 calls are originated and 0.3 calls are terminated by e
(0.8 2.7 + 0.3 2.9)/3.6 = 0.9 mErl/user

Point-to-point short message

The short message service is closely related to the user behavior, an example is th
Generally, 0.5 short messages are sent and 0.1 short messages are received by eac
6.2 (0.1 + 0.5)/3.6 = 1.0 mErl/user

Fax service

The fax service is not taken into account in the calculation of the traffic volume b

Supplementary service

Generally, the supplementary service is performed 0.3 times by each subscriber in

2 40% 0.9/3.6 = 0.2 mErl/user

Incorrect access

The radio resources will be wasted if the incorrect access occurs for many times.

Margin

The SDCCH configuration cannot be based on the preceding calculation complet

Total SDCCH traffic volume

Based on the preceding calculations, the total SDCCH traffic volume in busy hou

Event

Table 1-1 SDCCH traffic model

Common Cell

Location update

0.4

Periodic location update

1.8

IMSI attach/detach

0.8

Call establishment

0.9

Point-to-point short message

Supplementary service

0.2

Total

5.1

Margin: 20% of the total

6.1

SDCCH capacity/TCH capacity

24%

No CBCH
Number of TRXs

SDCCH configuration
Common Cell
1 SDCCH/4
2 SDCCH/8
3 SDCCH/8+SDCCH/4
4 2 SDCCH/8
5 2 SDCCH/8
6 2 SDCCH/8 + SDCCH/4

7 2 SDCCH/8 + SDCCH/4

8 3 SDCCH/8

CBCH configured
Number of TRXs

SDCCH configuration
Common Cell
1 SDCCH/8

2 SDCCH/8
3 SDCCH/8+SDCCH/4
4 2 SDCCH/8
5 2 SDCCH/8

6 2 SDCCH/8+SDCCH/4

7 3 SDCCH/8

8 3 SDCCH/8

Number of Times in Busy Hours

Common Cell

Internal Cell

Edge Cell

2
1
1

2
1
1

2
1
1

0.8
0.3
0.5

0.8
0.3
0.5

0.8
0.3
0.5

0.1
0

0.1
0

0.1
0

bscriber of each MS behavior type can be calculated by using the following formula:
ormed Number of subscribers SDCCH Occupation Duration Each Time (s))/3.6 mErl/user
eneral service model. In actual planning, you should calculate the traffic volume with the service model provided by the operator.

and those at the edge of the LA contribute different SDCCH traffic volume. In the center of an LA, the MS performs only the periodic location up
each MS that performs the IMSI attach. Forty percent of the MSs perform the IMSI attach.
% 3.5/3.6 = 0.4 mErl/user.
location update. Therefore, SDCCH traffic volume = 0 mErl/user.
ion updates is three times that in common cells. Therefore, SDCCH = 1.2 mErl/user.

the system configuration. Assume that the location update period is set to half an hour, then each subscriber performs the periodic location update

behavior. Assume that in busy hours, each subscriber performs one IMSI attach and one IMSI detach. In such a case, SDCCH traffic volume = (1
0.3 calls are terminated by each subscriber. Then, the SDCCH traffic volume generated by the call establishment is calculated as follows:

er behavior, an example is the great number of messages being processed on holidays. The holiday case is not considered in this calculation. Addi
messages are received by each subscriber in busy hours. In such a case, the SDCCH traffic volume generated by the point-to-point short message s

lation of the traffic volume because few subscribers use the fax service on the MS.

3 times by each subscriber in busy hours. Therefore, the SDCCH traffic volume generated by the supplementary service is calculated as follows:

ccess occurs for many times. The number of incorrect accesses can be reduced through optimization. Therefore, the SDCCH traffic volume calcula

receding calculation completely. Generally, 20% of the calculation result should be reserved for margin.

H traffic volume in busy hours can be calculated as shown in the following table.

Internal Cell

Edge Cell
0

1.2 mErl/user

1.8

1.8 mErl/user

0.8

0.8 mErl/user

0.9

0.9 mErl/user

1 mErl/user

0.2

0.2 mErl/user

4.7

5.9 mErl/user

5.6

7 mErl/user

23%

Internal Cell
SDCCH/4
SDCCH/8

Unit

28%

Edge Cell
SDCCH/4
SDCCH/8

SDCCH/8+SDCC SDCCH/8+SDC
H/4
CH/4
SDCCH/8+SDCC 2 SDCCH/8
H/4
2 SDCCH/8

2 SDCCH/8

2 SDCCH/8

2 SDCCH/8 +
SDCCH/4

2 SDCCH/8 +
SDCCH/4

3 SDCCH/8

3 SDCCH/8

3 SDCCH/8

Internal Cell
SDCCH/8

Edge Cell
SDCCH/8

SDCCH/8

SDCCH/8 +
SDCCH/4

SDCCH/8 +
SDCCH/4

SDCCH/8+SDC
CH/4

2 SDCCH/8

2 SDCCH/8

2 SDCCH/8

2 SDCCH/8 +
SDCCH/4

2 SDCCH/8 +
SDCCH/4

2 SDCCH/8 +
SDCCH/4

2 SDCCH/8 +
SDCCH/4

3 SDCCH/8

3 SDCCH/8

3
SDCCH/8+SDC
CH/4

by using the following formula:

on Duration Each Time (s))/3.6 mErl/user
d calculate the traffic volume with the service model provided by the operator.

SDCCH traffic volume. In the center of an LA, the MS performs only the periodic location update and the hardly perform any common location u
t of the MSs perform the IMSI attach.

= 0 mErl/user.
refore, SDCCH = 1.2 mErl/user.

update period is set to half an hour, then each subscriber performs the periodic location update in busy hours for twice. Assume that 40% of the su

r performs one IMSI attach and one IMSI detach. In such a case, SDCCH traffic volume = (1 3.5 + 1 2.9)/3.6 = 1.8 mErl/user

he SDCCH traffic volume generated by the call establishment is calculated as follows:

sages being processed on holidays. The holiday case is not considered in this calculation. Adding SDCCHs can be one solution to this holiday case
urs. In such a case, the SDCCH traffic volume generated by the point-to-point short message service is calculated as follows:

use the fax service on the MS.

, the SDCCH traffic volume generated by the supplementary service is calculated as follows:

ct accesses can be reduced through optimization. Therefore, the SDCCH traffic volume calculation does not take into account the traffic generated

he calculation result should be reserved for margin.

shown in the following table.

n update and the hardly perform any common location update. At the LA edge, however, the MS performs periodic location update and often perfo

date in busy hours for twice. Assume that 40% of the subscribers perform the IMSI attach. In such a case, SDCCH traffic volume = 2 40% 3.5
(1 3.5 + 1 2.9)/3.6 = 1.8 mErl/user

dding SDCCHs can be one solution to this holiday case.

ge service is calculated as follows:

culation does not take into account the traffic generated by the incorrect access.

e MS performs periodic location update and often performs common location update due to the changes of LAs. When the LA is not planned prop

In such a case, SDCCH traffic volume = 2 40% 3.5 3.6 = 0.8 mErl/user.

o the changes of LAs. When the LA is not planned properly, for example, the LAs are divided by the main street or highway, such common locatio

ded by the main street or highway, such common location update will be performed frequently.

TRX/Cell

TCH

Traffic (Erl)

Subscribers/Cell

1
2

6
14

2.27
8.2

114
410

3
4
5

21
29
36

14.03
21.03
27.33

702
1052
1367

6
7
8

44
52
59

34.68
42.1
48.7

1734
2105
2435

9
10

67
75

56.25
63.9

2813
3195