User's Manual VLN PDF

OAO VIT (Ukraine)
VLN 4.5
Program of calculation of impulse voltages

in transformer windings
User`s manual
2010
Copyright 1995 - 2010 OSC VIT

Alteration, duplication and distribution are prohibited.
All rights reserved.
The data comprised in the document can be altered by the authors without preliminary
notice.
OPEN STOCK COMPANY

UKRAINIAN RESEARCH, DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSFORMER
INSTITUTE
OSC VIT
11 Dnepropetrovskoye shosse
69069, Zaporozhye, Ukraine
Telephone:
Fax:
E-mail:
WWW:
(+38 061) 284-52-01, 284-52-62

(+38 0612) 284-54-55, 284-54-00
support@vit-lap.com
http://www.vit.zp.ua/
Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation

All the other names mentioned in the manual, are trademarks or registered trademarks of
appropriate manufacturers.
Table Of Contents
1. Assignment..........................................................................................................1
1.1. Assignment and feasibilities ..............................................................................1
1.2. Limitations of area of application .......................................................................2
2. Application conditions............................................................................................3
2.1. Installation of the program ...............................................................................3
2.2. Organization of input data ................................................................................3
2.3. Organization of output data ..............................................................................3
2.4. Control of input data........................................................................................3
2.5. Accuracy of calculation.....................................................................................3
3. The instruction on preparation of input data .............................................................5
3.1. Composition the calculated diagram ...................................................................5
3.2. Filling input data .............................................................................................6
4. Description of service programs ..............................................................................7
4.1. Control program of a system (MON)...................................................................7
4.2. Archive system ...............................................................................................7
4.3. Input data editor (RED)....................................................................................8
4.4. HELP functions................................................................................................9
4.5. Calculation .....................................................................................................9
4.6. Generation of calculated gaps ...........................................................................9
4.7. Analytical approximation of an impulse, specified by the tabular way ......................9
4.8. Data bases control program (BNK)................................................................... 10
4.9. Program of graphics representation of the calculation results (GRF)...................... 10
4.10. Graphical composition of calculated diagrams .................................................. 11
5. The input data of the calculation of impulse voltages ............................................... 13
5.1. General characteristic of the calculation............................................................ 13
5.2. Relative dielectric permeabilities...................................................................... 13
5.3. Structural data ............................................................................................. 14
5.3.1. Cores characteristic.................................................................................. 14
5.3.2. Parameters of main gaps .......................................................................... 15
5.3.3. Parameters of electrostatic shields ............................................................. 16
5.3.4. General parameters of concenters .............................................................. 16
5.3.5. Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR) .................................... 17
5.3.6. Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR) .................................. 28
5.3.7. Parameters of ducts groups....................................................................... 29
5.3.8. Additional parameters of regulating concenters ............................................ 29
5.3.9. Arrangement of steps in turn cross-section of multispiral regulating windings
(RW)............................................................................................................... 31
5.3.10. Additional parameters of contra-shields in coils .......................................... 31
5.4. Circuit data .................................................................................................. 32
5.4.1. Parameters of groups of disk concenters elements........................................ 32
5.4.2. Correction of capacitances of the calculation scheme..................................... 32
5.4.3. Additional inductances .............................................................................. 33
5.4.3. Calculation diagrams ................................................................................ 34
5.4.3.1. Parameters of calculation diagram ........................................................ 34
5.4.3.2. Connection diagram and composition of coil branches.............................. 34
5.4.3.3. Connection diagram and composition of RW branches.............................. 35
5.5. Testing data ................................................................................................. 37
5.5.1. Parameters for calculation of time curves of voltages .................................... 37
5.5.2. Parameters of the applied impulses ............................................................ 38
5.5.3. Analytical representation of applied impulses ............................................... 39
5.5.4. Parameters of insulation gaps.................................................................... 40
5.5.5. Permissible voltages of tapchanger gaps ..................................................... 43
5.6. External resistances....................................................................................... 43
5.6.1. Connections of external active resistances ................................................... 43
5.6.2. General characteristic of external resistances types ...................................... 43
5.6.3. Tabular definition of volt-ampere characteristics of external resistance elements
...................................................................................................................... 44
6. Formats of data representation in program............................................................. 47
6.1. INI format.................................................................................................... 47
iii
User's manual Vln
6.1.1. Input data .............................................................................................. 47

6.1.2. Calculation results ................................................................................... 49
6.2. XML format .................................................................................................. 50
6.2.1. Input data .............................................................................................. 53
6.3. CSV format .................................................................................................. 57
6.3.1. Input data .............................................................................................. 58
6.4. Interpretation names of sections/tables and names of keys/parameters for INI, XML
and CSV files ...................................................................................................... 61
6.4.1. Input data .............................................................................................. 62
7. The output of auxiliary results .............................................................................. 73
7.1. Input data in detail form ................................................................................ 73
7.2. Capacities, inductances.................................................................................. 75
8. Terms and definitions ......................................................................................... 89
9. Diagnostic messages .......................................................................................... 91
9.1. Errors ......................................................................................................... 91
9.1.1. Diagnostic messages (1...50) .................................................................... 91
9.1.2. Diagnostic messages (51...100) ................................................................ 91
9.1.3. Diagnostic messages (101...150)............................................................... 94
9.1.6. Diagnostic messages (251...300)..............................................................100
9.1.10. Diagnostic messages (451...500) ............................................................111
9.2. Attention ....................................................................................................122
9.2.1. Diagnostic messages...............................................................................122
10. References .....................................................................................................125
iv
1. Assignment
1.1. Assignment and feasibilities
The program of calculation of impulse stresses on main and longitudinal insulations of
transformers (VLN) is intended for work on PC under management Windows NT, Windows
98SE, Windows 2000, Windows XP.
The program is developed on the basis of methods described in /1,2,3/.
The program is intended for definition of impulse voltages between any points of helical
(including multispiral regulating), multilayer and disk (continuous, interleaved and mixed)
windings with taking into account (if necessary) external active resistances, and also for
definition of safety factors of electrical strength of radial ducts in all listed above types of
windings.
The program can carry out:
automatic formation of the connection tables of calculated elements of the diagram,
including calculated elements of a regulating winding (RW) on specified design data,
information about connection of concenters and division them on elements;
formation of an equivalent circuit of windings for impulse transient phenomenon;
calculation of capacitive parameters of an equivalent circuit, including for RW with
integrated (element - layer) or detailed (element - spiral or wire) its representation;
correction of capacitive parameters according to initial data;
definition of an initial distribution of impulse voltages in nodes of an equivalent
circuit;
calculation of input capacity of an equivalent circuit;
calculation of inductive parameters of windings elements;
definition of a final distribution of voltages on nodes of an equivalent circuit;
definition of natural frequencies and oscillation amplitudes of voltages in nodes of an
equivalent circuit for a rectangular impulse;
calculation of instant values of impulse voltages between any interesting points
(turns) of windings for full, chopped, front-of-wave, step function and switching
impulses with specified parameters, and also for impulses of the any form;
definition of the maximal values and durations of impulse voltages between any
points of windings;
definition of permissibled values of impulse voltages and safety factors of electrical
strength on specified radial ducts;
definition of safety factors of electrical strength for specified permissible voltages
between concenters;
the same for specified permissible voltages of tapchanger gaps;
calculation of impulse voltages with taking into account of external nonlinear active
resistance (arresters, varistors etc.).
definition of the largest impulse voltages and lowest safety factors for each insulation
gap among all calculated diagrams and modes.
The program allows:
to enter initial data with the help of the keyboard PC;
to bring out on display or printer the initial data;
to bring out on display or printer the intermediate results of calculation (converted
initial data, capacities and inductivities, initial and final distribution of voltages, etc.);
to bring out on display or printer the time curves of impulse voltages between
interesting points of windings for full, chopped, front-of-wave, step function and
switching impulses, and also for impulses of the any form;
to bring out on display or printer the basic results of calculation: the maximal values
and durations of voltages between specified points of windings, permissible voltages
and safety factors of electrical strength in specified radial ducts;
to keep text results in separate text files and to copy the curves to clipboard in text,
BMP and WMF formats;
to keep initial data in an archive. An archive consists of 2 parts: local archive of each
user and common archive of enterprise. The data exchange between both archives is
made in both directions. Each project identifies with 2 parameters: key word and
variant number. These data are specified with creation of new project or with
duplication of old one. At origin of problems for the user the file of input data of one
project can be transmitted to the developer of the program by e-mail.
Besides the program allows to execute the following auxiliary functions:
1
User's manual Vln
to bring out on display or printer the curves of initial and final distribution, including
the diameter and height of location of each element.
automatic generation of insulation gaps for calculation of strength of longitudinal
insulation for all radial ducts of selected windings.
specifying the table of branches connection and the table of gaps and the table of
application of external resistance using GUI method;
analytical approximation of an impulse, specified by the tabular way.
1.2. Limitations of area of application

The program is developed for calculation of impulse voltages in transformers,
autotransformers and reactors with a core-type magnetic circuit having round concentrically
located disk or layer windings wound with rectangular wires. The multilayer windings can be
carried out of a round wire.
The limiting values of input parameters (rows in the input data tables) are indicated under
table description.
The voltages between turns of coils are defined without taking into account innercoil
oscillations.
2. Application conditions
2.1. Installation of the program
For program work it is necessary the compatibled with IBM PC AT computer with capacity of
RAM not less than 64 - 100 Mb and capacity of free external memory on HD not less than
40 Mb. The installation of the program on server and local computer of net is made with
help of the installation programs [4].
2.2. Organization of input data

In the program there is an archive system used for creation of the new projects, keeping of
input data, and also for interchangement of the input data between the users of the
program. The program stipulates a possibility of entering the input data from external file
("6. The input of data from the external file"). The form of input data is in section "5. The
input data of the calculation of impulse voltages". In section "3. The instruction on
preparation of input data" there is the instruction on preparation of input data, and in
section "8. Terms and definitions" there are the definitions of terms, which are used at
preparation of input data.
2.3. Organization of output data

The form of representation of the basic output data of the program as listing of a control
examples presents in [5].
Besides user can bring out on display the converted initial data, matrixes of capacitive and
inductive parameters of the diagram, arrays of longitudinal and between windings capacities
of elements of concenters etc (7. The output of auxiliary results).
2.4. Control of input data

For reliable work in the program it is stipulated the logic control of input data with output of
the diagnostic messages. The list of diagnostic messages is in section "10. Diagnostic
messages".
2.5. Accuracy of calculation

At calculation of voltage between coils and windings the discrepancy between calculation
and measurement in 80% cases does not exceed 10%, in 95% - 20%. Thus permissible
minimum safety factor of impulse strength is 1.2.
3. The instruction on preparation of input data

3.1. Composition the calculated diagram
1 The core with tested windings or group of cores including, besides this core, other cores,
which windings galvanically connect to windings of a given core, are allocated.
In the three-phase transformer with simultaneous test of all phases or test of one phase
and earthing of all non-tested ends of windings, one core with tested windings is allocated.
At test of one phase of the three-phase transformer and isolated neutral of one of windings
the considered group includes all three cores.
In single-phase autotransformers with the regulating winding, which locates on a lateral
core and seriesly connected on diagram with windings of the basic core, the basic and
lateral cores are included in considered group. At presence of several cores with identical
and parallel connected all windings and absence of non-parallel windings on other cores,
considered group includes only one of parallel cores.
2 For all cores of considered group the diagram of an arrangement and connection of
concenters and electrostatic shields (the calculated diagram) is construct, on which it is
necessary to specify:
the axial structure of each concenter - designation the types of each coil and shielding
ring, dimensions of oil ducts and gap from lower yokes up to lower end of a
concenter, for helical windings it is represented an axial structure of a concenter on
that forming, which corresponds to middle of a cone height.
The note. The type of the coil is defined by parameters tab. Parameters of types of
coils and shielding rings (SR). The coils with the same type should have all identical
parameters of this table.
The type of a shielding ring is defined by three parameters tab. Parameters of types of
coils and shielding rings (SR): height on "metal", thickness of an additional insulation,
diagram of connection to a winding.
connection between coils, between shielding rings and coils, between windings and
electrostatic shields, point of submission of a test impulse and the grounded points of
windings and shields according to the diagram of test;
arrangement of electrostatic shields.
3 On the calculated diagram all considered cores, shields, concenters are numbered.
Numbering is through on all cores. Numbers of concenters and shields grow from inner to
outside.
4 Within the limits of each concenter the numbering of coils from above downwards is
made. Various numbers are given to the parallel-connected coils, located in an axial
direction.
5 The division of a concenter into elements is made. The note. As an element here and
further it is called the part of a concenter (coil, the group of coils, layer, part of a layer, wire
of RW), within the limits of which the size of an impulse current is possible to consider
constant for all turns, and an impulse voltage - linearly varied along a wire.
The accuracy of calculation rises with increase of number of elements. Maximal number of
elements is 1000 in the present program, but the division of concenters into elements
should be made economically with the account of a structure of windings and purpose of
calculation on the basis of the following recommendations:
if the maximal values and duration of a voltage between concenters and concerning
"ground" are defined only, each of concenters is divided on 4 - 10 identical on height
elements;
at calculation of impulse stresses on radial ducts of a winding the division it on
elements is made as follows: first from a point of the putting of a test impulse 8 - 10
elements contain one coil in an element (pair of coils for windings with an interleaving
of turns in pair of coils); all following elements contain two coils. It is permitted to
accept group of 4-th coils in an average part of a winding as one element, thus the
next elements should not contain one coil. Other windings are divided on some (from
4 up to 10) elements, approximately equal on height. If the test impulse is put to the
next winding, number of elements in it are not less than 10;
the number of coils with an interleaving of turns in pair of coils which are included in
one element, should be even;
5
User's manual Vln
for calculation of impulse voltages in a multilayer winding it is enough to divide each

layer on height into 4 elements;
at calculation of impulse voltage on the ends of a multispiral regulating winding
concerning "ground" and among themselves in extreme situations of a tap-changer
the integrated representation RW is sufficiently (each its layer is replaced by one
element). At presence in middle of height of a layer RW of geometrical gap (duct),
which dimension exceeds 10 % of height of a layer, the program automatically breaks
it into two elements (upper and lower parts);
if it is necessary to calculate a voltage for a part RW (on a step, two tapping steps,
etc.) or (and) for an intermediate situation of a tap-changer, as an element RW it is
necessary to accept a wire of one layer, and at presence of several parallel wires in a
spiral - spiral of one layer;
at presence in a concenter a part with an interleaved disks each coil of this part
should be allocated in a separate element;
in all cases it is necessary to avoid a combination within the limits of one winding next
(galvanically connected) elements with sharply differing (more than in 2 times)
numbers of turns;
at presence in a concenter the shielding rings (SR), connected under the diagrams 3,
4, 5, 6 (see. fig.: 5.3.5.21. - 5.3.5.24.), it is not permitted to unite adjacent to such
SR the electrically distant coil in one element with the subsequent coils, except for a
case, when all electrically previous coils live in this element.
6 The points of connection of branches and isolated ends of branches (outer nodes) are
designated.
7 For each branch on calculated diagram its conditional beginning on a winding direction is
marked (for example, by a rule: the element with the left winding has a beginning above,
with right - below).
The examples of calculation diagrams are in [5].
3.2. Filling input data

Data are filled in a mode of dialogue. For filling data in the any table it is necessary to call it
on a screen of the display and to enter numerical or other values in the appropriate cells of
the table. If necessary (pressing of a key <F1>) it is possible to call on a screen the help,
which explain some rules of filling of the particular table or parameter of the table.
All dimensions are set in mm.
4. Description of service programs

4.1. Control program of a system (MON)
The control program combines in itself functions of an archive system, the editor of input
data, viewing and a printing of calculation results in text and graphical forms.
4.2. Archive system

Archive system is designed for registration of new projects, storage of input data and input
data communication between system users.
The archive system consists of two archives: local and common. In the local archive input
data of the projects of one user are stored, in the common input data of the complete
projects of all users of the factory. The common archive also may be used for an exchange
of projects between users of one factory. Input data are stored in archive in a packed form.
The local archive has three identification fields (Key word, Variant number', 'Last
changing'), two of which (Key word, Variant number') are the key ones. The common
archive has four identification fields ('Key word', Variant number', 'Developer', 'Last
changing'), three of which ('Key word', Variant number', 'Developer') are the key ones.
Visible area of the local and the common archives scanning can be varied by movement a
separator between them. Field width of each of both archives parameters can be changed
by means of field heads separators. Installation of width of all fields by contents can be
done by pressing keys Ctrl and Gray+. All changes of archives fields shape are saved.
For quick search the projects in both archives can be sorted by any of the above-listed
parameters by pressing on the head of this parameter.
In a local archive the following manipulations with data of the project are possible:
Delete the selected project from local archive by pressing of button "Delete": both
current and any other project can be deleted. Before deleting the inquiry about
confirmation of deleting is output. During deletion of the current project identification
fields of the project are cleared, all files related to this project delete and further
operation in the system is only possible after opening another project or creation of
the new one.
Send the input data of the selected project by E-mail: in this case file of input data is
created, a catalogue, which comprises this file is opened, the registered mail system
is started and a new letter in which an address of the program builder is substituted,
is created. To send a letter it will be enough to transfer the input data file from the
open catalogue into the letter, to describe the problem occurred and to mail the letter.
Open the selected project: after selection of line of the selected project in archive and
pressing of the button "Open" (or double click of the left mouse button) all data of the
current project are saved in the archive, a selected project is open and transfer to
page "Input data and calculation" is done.
Duplicate selected project under a new name: in this case any of the key fields can be
changed.
Create a new empty project: press button Add, on the open panel specify two key
fields and press button Ok a new empty project will be created and transfer to
page "Input data and calculation" will be done. If the project with the entered key
parameters already exists in archives the appropriate message will be output and the
new project will not be created, until key parameters will not be changed.
Import of input data from beforehand prepared text file: to press the button "Add", on
the opened panel to select section "from text file", on a field "Text file" to enter one of
three ways described above a filename of input data and to press the button "Open".
Thus converting the data will be fulfilled and key fields are filled, after pressing the
button "Ok" the data of the new project are brought and transition to a page Input
data and calculation will be fulfilled. The structure of a text file of input data is given
in "6. The input of data from the external file".
Copy selected project from local archive into common archive is carried out by
pressing the button Copy.If a project with such key parameters is already present in
the common archive, a warning and a request for the projects data rewrite will be
issued. At copying into common archive the results of calculation are deleted from
project.
Get project from remote user: for edding the project, received with the help of E-mail,
it is necessary to transfer the file from the letter into archive, using drag&drop
User's manual Vln
function. If such project is already present in the archive, a warning will be issued and
the project will not be added to the archive.
In a common archive the following manipulations with data of the project are possible:
Removal of the chosen project: the user can delete only its own project.
Copy selected project from common archive into local archive. If a project with such
key parameters is already present in the local archive, a warning and a request for
the projects data rewrite will be issued.
4.3. Input data editor (RED)

Input data editor is given in program on the page Input data and calculation.
The editor consists of two parts: on the left tree of data with the names of all sections and
on the right contents of these sections. These two parts are divided by separator, moving
of which it is possible to adjust visible area of scanning of each of the parts.
At moving on top levels of a tree of sections, on the right part lists of tables of the current
section will be displayed, at moving on lower levels tables of input data. Having selected
the necessary table, it is possible to pass to entering or correction of input data. In the
heads of tables the full names of parameters are indicated.
Data of tables can be entered by several ways:
entering values of parameters from the keyboard in selected cell of the table;
selection of the parameter value from the list, if it is foreseen for the given
parameter;
insertion of one or several values of parameters from clip board.
At right button click there is the menu of data manipulation, consisting of the following
items:
Menu item
Shortcut
Operation
press
Copy
Ctrl+Ins
Copying into the clipboard
Paste
Shift+Ins
Insert from the clipboard
Delete
Del
Erasing of the selected area of the table
Delete line
Ctrl+Del
Line delete
Insert blank line
Alt+Ins
Insert of empty line
Copy line
F6
Copying of line into the clipboard
Insert line
Shift+F6
Insert of the copied line from the
clipboard
Multiply item down to end of
Ctrl+F6
Multiply item down to the end of column
Delete items down to the end of column
column
Shift+Del
Delete down to end of column
Search
Ctrl+F
Search
Replace
Ctrl+R
Replace
Cells of tables can be selected both by means of the keyboard - <Shift + Arrow Keys>, and
left button of the mouse, keeping pressed button Shift on the keyboard. Empty lines
automatically are deleted after an exit from the table.
Under each table there is a separator, with the help of which individual sizes of the tables
can be adjusted. These adjustments are saved.
In the editor tool bar there are the following buttons:
Print of the current table (default operation)
Print of the current table (if selected
from menu)
Print of all entered tables
Cancellation of table correction and it

reset
Deletion of all or one of the selected tables of
current group of tables. Deletion takes place
after selection of one of the items of falling
menu.
one table
all tables of current group
4.4. HELP functions

For description of program, tables and each of the tables parameters it is foreseen the
reference system. Reference is called by pressing the button Help or by pressing key F1.
4.5. Calculation
For fulfillment the calculation it is necessary to press Calculation button on a page Input
data and calculation and from drop-down menu to select interesting view of calculation:
Complete primary calculation or Calculation of voltage initial distribution.
For viewing the results of the calculation it is necessary to select the button "Results" on a
page "Input data and calculation" and from menu to select interesting view of results: text,
graphical, initial and final distribution, analysis of results.
4.6. Generation of calculated gaps

For generation of calculated gaps it is necessary to press the button Generate gaps on a
page Input data and calculation and from drop-down menu to select interesting view of
calculated gaps. The generated calculated gaps will be automatically entered into the table
Parameters of insulation gaps.
4.7. Analytical approximation of an impulse, specified by the tabular way

Analytical approximation of an impulse, specified by the tabular way
Time parameters "Initial time", "Final time" and "Time step" determine calculated time
moments at which a tabular impulse is specified.
Tab. "Specified impulse in calculated points" contains values of a voltage of tabular impulse
in calculated moments of time. These values of a voltage can be specified manually or
borrowed from others Windows-programs (Word, Excel etc.). The program determines
quantity of these moments of time N, and also values of this time moments on the basis of
above-stated data. The curve of a voltage between 2 adjacent points is accepted as linear
one.
User's manual Vln
Parameter "Quantity of exponential functions" determines quantity of exponential functions

for automatic approximation of non-periodical impulses by the sum of exponential functions.
This quantity should not exceed N/2, otherwise program limits it up to N/2.
Parameter "Quantity of Fourier harmonics" determines quantity of harmonic components for
automatic approximation of a periodic impulse by the Fourier series. Components of series
is understood as expression: Uk = Ak*sin (2* *k*t/T) + Bk*cos (2* *k*t/T). The
interval of time T from initial up to the final moment is accepted as the period of
decomposition. Quantity of the components of series should not exceed N/2, otherwise
program limits it up to N/2. Under certain conditions it is possible to calculate and nonperiodical impulses by this way. These conditions are:
a) voltages of an impulse in initial (U1) and in final (Un) moments of time are equal
(otherwise the program adds a point N+1 with value of a voltage Un+1 =U1),
b) voltages in the transformer is calculated within the limits of the period of decomposition
T.
Types and parameters of function components, which approximate the specified curve, are
filled in manually or automatically in the tab. "Parameters of approximating functions". The
parameters of one function are inserted into one line of the table. The resulting curve is
represented by the sum of all functions described in the table.
Three types of functions are permissible:
Function 1: A * exp (-B*tr) * 1 (tr)
Function 2: A * exp (-B*tr) * cos (C*tr) * 1 (tr)
Function 3: A * exp (-B*tr) * sin (C*tr) * 1 (tr),
Where: tr=t-tsw,
1 (tr) - switching-in function,
tsw switching-in time.
There is a possibility to remove approximating functions with small amplitudes (A < =
G*Umax) from the table. The relative limiting value G is specified by the user, Umax is the
maximal value of impulse, specified by the tabular way.
4.8. Data bases control program (BNK)

The program of a data base management provides storage and access to standard, input
data and results of calculations. With the help of this program data exchange between
service and calculation programs is provided.
4.9. Program of graphics representation of the calculation results (GRF)

The window of graphs output is divided into three parts:
list of designation selected graphs left, up (if quantity of graphs more then 1);
control panel left, down;
coordinate plane with graphs right.
The left and the right parts are divided by separator, with the help of which it is possible to
adjust size of areas of scanning these parts.
All curves indicated in the list are mapped on a coordinate plane simultaneously.
On Control panel there are checkboxes, affecting the way of graphs representation:
Spline it is executed an interpolation of the third order;
Widths the graphs will differ from each other not only in color, but also in thickness
(may be applicable in printing-out on black-and-white printer).
Buttons Next and Close define operation of the program after closing the window.
On the coordinate plane there are represented the heading, axes of reference, their names
and graphs. The coordinate plane sustains functions of scaling, panning, output of
informations on points and marking of calculation points of the graphs.
The ways of calling these functions are described in a help window, open when F1 is
pressed.
Functions of mouse:
Left button:
Scale - up
10
Ight button:
Shift +Left button:
Left button + Move
Right button + Move
(+Left button):
Double click of left button:
Scale - down
Window of image scale change
Scrolling
Indication of value
(numeralization)
Initial graph
In setting the mouse pointer on the calculation point, having pressed Space or button2, this
point can be marked.
With the help of menu such functions are also available as output of graphs on a printer and
their copy in a clip board in format Windows Metafile, Bitmap or text form for further
processing.
4.10. Graphical composition of calculated diagrams

User interface
The program is designed for graphical input of connections of branches and sources of
calculated diagrams. All data (except of connections) must be inputed before the call of
program.
In the window upper part there is a control bar, which allows to do the following:
,
to start composition of a new circuit
to save the current circuit
in the input data table, at that the Diagram, and its
Designation shall be indicated,
to print an image of circuit
.
to open help
A calculated diagram can be constructed from the following categories of graphical
elements: branches, sources, connections and grounds. Each graphical element can be
accessed in the following way: choose the category (one of the tabs under the control bar),
then select one of the elements from the shown table. The Branches Category usually
consists from a few of subcategories, for example: Coil branches, Helical Branches etc.
There are only tabs for the kinds of branches which are described in the current project.
Available (not used in a circuit yet) elements are defined in the first column of the table by
, and unavailable ones - by . The elements, always available for using are defined by the
(ground, connections). They are available at any time.
Infinity sign
An area for the circuit composition is located after the tables. Point marking of this area
simplifies the process of the elements positioning and connection. To scroll this area, the
scroll bars or the middle mouse button shall be used.
To the right of the tabs there are buttons for choosing the
branches selection mode. There are three selection modes: Single,
Parallel and Series.
In a single mode (used by default) only one branch can be
selected in the current table. In "Parallel" or "Series"- any number
of branches, at that the branches are arranged automatically in
parallel or sequentially, correspondingly. These both modes are
unavailable for the load branches, sources, grounds and
connections.
Circuit composition
11
User's manual Vln
Having chosen the required selection mode and holding down

the left mouse button, drag the branches, sources, grounds and
connections from the tables on the area of the circuit and
arrange them in a needed place.
Each used in the circuit original element (branch or source)
becomes unavailable in the Table for repeated usage ( ).
Number of each branch and source is represented on the circuit,
as well as their leads. The electrical beginning of each element is
shown as bold point. If connect two nodes to each other, they
will receive the same numbers. At that the rest of nodes will be
enumerated automatically. All of the elements are located only in
a vertical position, but pressing Spacebar, they can be turned
over.
Two points on the working area are connected to each other as
follows: select Single connection from the "Grounds and
Connections" table, drag the initial red node of connection to the
circuit area and leave, then move cursor to a point, where you
want to locate the final node and press left mouse button in
order to fix a connecting line. The initial node can be also
created without using a table by clicking the left mouse button
with holding down the Control key.
For connecting several nodes at once a Multiple connection
shall be used.
Circuit editing
If you want to change the place of some element or some node,
simply select it with a cursor and drag to desired place. If you
want to remove selected element, just drag it back to the Table,
or press Delete key. In this case the element will be available
again in the Table, i.e. it will be defined by or .
The group of graphical elements can be selected for transfer or
removal. For that, hold down the Shift key and select with a
cursor the rectangular area with the graphical elements inside.
Then transfer this group with a cursor or remove it by pressing
Delete key. If the new place is occupied by other elements of the
circuit, selected group will be returned to the previous place.
12
5. The input data of the calculation of impulse voltages

5.1. General characteristic of the calculation
Parameter "Calculation conditions" should be set by symbols (one or more). According to
this parameter from a data base the array of relative dielectric permeabilities of materials
for the appropriate conditions is inputted (tab. 1). In the event when the conditions of
calculation or dielectric permeabilities of materials differ from present in tab. 1, parameter
Calculation conditions should be set equal "D" and also tab. "Relative dielectric
permeabilities" is filled. It is possible to calculate the case when some calculation diagram
has own calculation conditions (which differs from that in this tab.). In this case parameter
"Calculation conditions" is specified in tab. "Parameters of calculation diagram" for this
diagram.
Table 1
Calculation
conditions
Relative dielectric permeabilities

Cilinders
Medium Paper Enamel Spacers Winding Bars
coating
bars
between
cylinders
1
2.6
5
4.5
5.5
5.5
4.5
Dry
windings in
the air
Oil 1
4
5
5
5
5
5
impregnated
windings in
the air
Windings in
2.3
4
5
5
5
5
5
oil
The relative magnetic permeability of steel with processes of overvoltages is set equal 50 at
presence of cores of electrical steel and 1 at their absence (air reactor). By default its value
is accepted equal 50. It is possible to calculate the case when some core has own relative
magnetic permeability (which differs from that in this tab.). In this case parameter "Relative
permeability" is specified in tab. "Cores characteristic" for this core.
Parameters of table:
Calculation conditions
Core relative permeability
A - dry windings in the air

IMP - oil-impregnated windings in the air
O - windings in oil
D - material characteristics are specified in the table "Relative dielectric
permeabilities".
O - default value
Core relative permeability
50 - for cores of electrical steel
1 - when a core is not available
50 - default value
5.2. Relative dielectric permeabilities

Table is specified if parameter "Calculation conditions" equals to "D" in table "General
characteristic of calculation" or in table "Parameters of calculation diagram
Medium
Paper
Enamel coating
Spacers
Bars in a winding
13
User's manual Vln
Bars between cylinders

Cylinders
Medium
Relative dielectric permeability of medium.
Paper
Relative dielectric permeability of paper.
Enamel coating
Relative dielectric permeability of enamel coating.
Spacers
Relative dielectric permeability of spacer.
Bars in a winding
Relative dielectric permeability of bars in a winding.
Bars between cylinders
Relative dielectric permeability of bars between cylinders.
Cylinders
Relative dielectric permeability of cylinder.
5.3. Structural data

5.3.1. Cores characteristic
The characteristics of all considered cores of a magnetic circuit are brought. The number of
concenters RW on a core is set equal to number of multispiral regulating concenters
irrespective of a way of representation RW - multielement or one-element. Parameter
"Relative permeability" is specified for any core if its value for this core differs from that
which specified in tab. "General characteristic of the calculation".
Diameter of the core circumcircle, mm
Quantity of main gaps
Quantity of electrostatic shields
Quantity of disk concenters
Quantity of RW concenters
Relative permeability
Magnetizing inductance per turn L0, mH
Diameter of the core circumcircle, mm
For core with non-round cross-sections (for example, rectangle or oval) it is specifying the
diameter of equivalent circle relatively of geometrical cross-section.
Quantity of main gaps
Quantity of electrostatic shields
Quantity of disk concenters
All concenters except multispiral regulating concenters with series connection of spirals are
considered as disk ones.
Quantity of RW concenters
Only multispiral regulating concenters with series connection of spirals are considered as
RW ones.
Relative permeability
If this parameter is not specified, its value is taken from the tab. "General characteristic of
the calculation".
Magnetizing inductance per turn L0, mH
0- default value.
14
5.3.2. Parameters of main gaps

The gaps between concenters are described by way of following cores in tab. "Cores
characteristic", and within the limits of one core - from inner to outside. The main gap is set
up to a surface of an insulation of coils. For inner concenters, adjacent to a core or magnetic
return path, this gap is set up to a circumcircle of a core or up to an equivalent circle of a
core with non-round cross-section (see "Diameter of the core circumcircle"). The thickness
of the between layers paper insulation is set only for a paper-oil between layers insulation,
in other cases - 0. The thickness of turn insulation in this size does not enter. If forming of
main gap layers wounds with round wire at a coaxial disposition of turns, then thickness of
turn insulation is set with a minus sign.
Main gap
Quantity of bars in a winding
Width of bars in a winding
Quantity of bars between cylinders
Width of bars between cylinders
Thickness of paper barriers on the top
Thickness of paper barriers on the bottom
Total thickness of bars in a winding
Total thickness of pressboard cylinders
Number of the internal concenter
Sign of the internal concenter
Number of the external concenter
Sign of the external concenter
Permissible voltage 1.2/50, kV
Main gap
Radial distance between neighbour concenters , between concenter and core or shield. For
gaps "core-concenter" and "magnetic return path-concenter" it is specified the distance to
the circumscribed or equivalent circle.
Quantity of bars in a winding
If it is specified with sign minus then it is distance between bars centers. In this case
quantity of bars will be defined automatically.
Width of bars in a winding
Quantity of bars between cylinders
If it is specified with sign minus then it is distance between bars centers. In this case
quantity of bars will be defined automatically.
Width of bars between cylinders
Thickness of paper barriers on the top
Total thickness of paper barriers without turn insulation. For cylindrical paper insulation only
the insulation "on the top" is specified, for wedge-shaped paper insulation the both
insulations "on the top" and "on the bottom" are specified.
For layers of round wire at a coaxial disposition of turns in layers is set with a minus sign.
0 - default value.
Thickness of paper barriers on the bottom
Total thickness of paper barriers without turn insulation. For cylindrical paper insulation only
the insulation "on the top" is specified, for wedge-shaped paper insulation the both
insulations "on the top" and "on the bottom" are specified.
For layers of round wire at a coaxial disposition of turns in layers is set with a minus sign.
If this parameter is not specified, it is accepted equal to parameter Thickness of paper
barriers on the top
Total thickness of bars in a winding
Total thickness of pressboard cylinders
Number of the internal concenter
15
User's manual Vln
Here concenter means a concenter, a core or a shield.

Sign of the internal concenter
0 - a concenter
1 - a shield
2 - a core
Number of the external concenter

Here concenter means a concenter or a shield.
Sign of the external concenter
0 - a concenter
1 - a shield

If this parameter is not specified, the safety factor for this main gap is not defined.
5.3.3. Parameters of electrostatic shields

Table is set at presence of electrostatic shields. The electrostatic shields are set by way of
an arrangement of cores in tab. "Cores characteristic", and within the limits of one core from inner to outside. In the column "coordinate of a lower part" it is entered the distance
between lower end of a shield and lower yoke.
Average diameter
Radial dimension on metal
Height
Coordinate of the lower part
Connection point. Concenter number
Connection point. Coil number
Average diameter
Radial dimension on metal
Height
Distance to the bottom yoke.
Connection point. Concenter number
If it is not specified then ground connection is considered.
Connection point. Coil number
For disk concenter - number of coil in the concenter from top to bottom.
For regulating concenter - number of tapping step in the concenter (numbering of steps
corresponds to the table Connection diagram and composition of RW branches).
Definition with sign "plus" means electrical start of the coil (tapping step), with sign "minus"
- electrical end of one.
If it is not specified then ground connection is considered.
5.3.4. General parameters of concenters

The concenters are set by way of following cores in tab. Cores characteristic, and within
the limits of one core - from inner to outside. The radial dimension of a concenter is
supposed identical along height. Height of a concenter is underlined "on an insulation" with
the account of extreme shielding rings and shrinkage. In the column "coordinate of a lower
part" a gap from lower yokes up to an insulation lower coils or shielding rings enters. For
helical concenters coordinate of a lower part is set on an average axial cross-section.
In the graph "the number of turns" total number of turns of all coils of a concenter is
written. For split on height parallel coils or parallel spirals the number of turns only in one
coil or spiral is taken into account. For a concenter with a middle input the total number of
turns of both halves is set.
16
Concenter number
Concenter name
Average diameter
Average diameter on the bottom
Radial dimension
Height including outer SR
Quantity of turns
Quantity of columns of spacers
Width of spacers
Paper shrinkage, %
Pressboard shrinkage, %
Winding direction
Concenter number
Comment statement is not used by the program.
Concenter name
Average diameter
For inclined layer there is necessary to specify average value between average diameters of
the layer "on the top" and "on the bottom".
Average diameter on the bottom
This parameter is specified only for inclined layer (with wedge-shaped paper insulation
between layers).
Radial dimension
Radial dimension with insulation.
Height including outer SR
Is specified in pressed condition and is used for checking.
Distance from lower edge of a concenter in everage cross-section to bottom yoke.
Quantity of turns
Total quantity of turns in all coils of a concenter (each split coil should be considered as one
coil). This parameter is used only for checking.
Quantity of columns of spacers
Width of spacers
Paper shrinkage, %
Pressboard shrinkage, %
Winding direction
L - left;
R - right;
LR - top half - left, bottom half - right;
RL - top half - right, bottom half - left;
M - variable winding direction, does not equal to LR and RL (for example, concenter
with 3 or more parts with changing winding direction).
Present version of program makes no provision for specifying the winding direction M for
RW concenter.
5.3.5. Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)

The parameters of types of coils and SR for all calculated concenters are specified. The turn
of a spiral of a layer or a multilayer winding and helical concenter is described as the coil
(both with parallel and with series connection of wires). The number of turns in such coil is
set equal 1 except for a case, when adjacent in a radial direction wires RW have unequal
17
User's manual Vln
electrical numbers. In this case number of turns is set equal to number of groups of
adjacent wires with the same electrical number.
For two-layer RW with a not integer number of turns in a spiral for incomplete turns (halfturns) it is necessary to set the type of coils with number of turns in the coil equals to 0,5.
The choice of a sign of the diagram of the coil and shielding ring is made according to figs.:
5.3.5.1. - 5.3.5.24.
The program allows to unite two coils with the same wire in pair of interleaved coils if
quantity of turns of these coils differs on no more then 1 turn.
The axial dimension of a wire (on metal) for the coil of continuous, interleaved, helical and
multilayer winding of a rectangular wire is set as height of the coil. For turn of layer of
round wire its height is diameter of wire on metal (with a minus sign).
If a turn insulation of a wire of the coil is the enamel coating (paper insulation is absent),
the width of this covering is set with "minus".
The thickness of an additional insulation of the coil is set at presence on the described coil
of a continuous or interleaved winding a paper insulation imposed on top of all turns of the
coil.
The number of parallels in an axial direction in coil windings is set distinctive from 1 only for
split coils. For multispiral helical windings the number of parallels in an axial direction is
equal to number of parallel spirals.
An arrangement of axial ducts, their average width and filling by insulating bars are set, if in
the data coils there are vertical cooling ducts.
For a shielding ring only 4 nonzero parameters are set: a sign of the diagram, the height on
metal, width of an additional insulation (width of a hard insulation of a ring per two sides),
numbers of parallel wires in an axial direction (is set equal 1). Other parameters are
specified equal 0.
Sign of the diagram: 0.

Number of interleaved parallels: 1.
Fig. 5.3.5.1. - The coil of simple continuous pair of coils or turn of layer concenter.
Sign of the diagram: -3.

Fig. 5.3.5.2. - Simple single coil.
18

Fig. 5.3.5.3. - Simple single coil.

Fig. 5.3.5.4. - The coil of pair of Interleaved one-parallel coils.

Fig. 5.3.5.5. - The coil of pair of interleaved two-parallel coils without a laminating of
parallels.

Fig. 5.3.5.6. - The coil of pair of interleaved two-parallel coils with a laminating of parallels.
19
User's manual Vln

Fig. 5.3.5.7. - The single interleaved coil.

Fig. 5.3.5.8. - The single interleaved two-parallel coil with a laminating of parallels.

Fig. 5.3.5.9. - Section (two tapping steps) of a layer regulating winding with an interleaving
spirals.
20

Fig. 5.3.5.10. - Coil of the interleaving block EE - special, 4 coils in the block.

21
User's manual Vln

22


Fig. 5.3.5.14. - A turn of layer concenter of rectangular wire.

Fig. 5.3.5.15. - A turn of layer concenter of round wire.
23
User's manual Vln

Fig. 5.3.5.16. - The coil with contra-shield once connected inside pair of coils.

Fig. 5.3.5.17. - The coil with contra-shield multiple connected inside pair of coils.

Fig. 5.3.5.18. - The coil with contra-shield connected through two coils.
Value of a sign of the diagram: 2.

Fig. 5.3.5.19. - Outer shielding ring.
24

Fig. 5.3.5.20. - Intermediate shielding ring.

Fig. 5.3.5.21. - Shielding ring, connected to the apper end of the neighbour upper coil.

Fig. 5.3.5.22. - Shielding ring, connected to the lower end of the neighbour lower coil.
25
User's manual Vln

Fig. 5.3.5.23. - Shielding ring, connected to the apper end of next coil after of the
neighbour upper coil.

Fig. 5.3.5.24. - Shielding ring, connected to the lower end of next coil after of the neighbour
lower coil.
Type number
Type designation
Diagram sign
Quantity of turns in a coil
Quantity of interleaved parallel wires
Height on metal
Thickness of turn insulation per two sides
Thickness of additional insulation per two sides
Quantity of parallel coils in the axial direction (parallel spirals)
Arrangement of axial ducts
Average width of axial ducts
Filling of an axial duct by insulating bars
Quantity of elementary conductors in the transposed and subdivided wire
Quantity of parallel wires in radial direction
Radial dimension of elementary conductor
Axial dimension of elementary conductor
Bonding of conductors in the transposed wire
Thickness of spacer in the transposed wire
Type number
26

Type designation
Diagram sign
0 - the coil of simple continuous pair of coils or turn of layer concenter,

1 - the coil of pair of interleaved coils,
2 - outer or itermediate SR,
3 - SR connected to the upper end of the neighbour upper coil,
4 - SR connected to the lower end of the neighbour lower coil,
5 - SR connected to the upper end of next coiI after of the neighbour upper coil,
6 - SR connected to the lower end of next coiI after of the neighbour lower coil,
-3 - simple single coil,
-9 - coil (one section two tapping steps) for interleaved layer edge-on type
regulating winding (ILM,IL),
-11 - the single interleaved coil,
-104 - coil of the interleaving block EE - special, 4 coils in the block,
-110 - coil of the interleaving block EE - special, 10 coils in the block.
Quantity of turns in a coil

With account of undershoot (a decimal fractional part of a turn), for SR is specified 0.
Quantity of interleaved parallel wires
This parameter is set equal to unit in all cases except interleaved coils with laminating of
parallels.
1 - parallel wires are not interleaved;
PDR/2 - half of the parallel wires are interleaved;
PDR - all of the parallel wires are interleaved (PDR - quantity of the parallel wires in
the coil).
Height on metal
Axial size between upper and lower ends of the coil or SR on metal in pressed condition
including the tolerances of a conductor. For coil of round wire it is set with a minus sign. The
diameter of a round wire is a height of a turn.
For coil of transposed wire it is set the height of wire minus wire insulation per two sides.
Thickness of turn insulation per two sides
For coils of subdivided wire - sum of the inner and outer insulation of wire;
For SR - 0.
For an enamel turn insulation of a wire its thickness is specified with sign "minus".
Thickness of additional insulation per two sides

Thickness of additional insulation per two sides is specified in 2 cases:
in the presence of additional paper insulation of the whole coil the thickness of this
insulation is specified;
for SR the thickness of insulation is specified.
Otherwise 0 is specified.
0 - default value.
Quantity of parallel coils in the axial direction (parallel spirals)
Quantity of parallel coils (for disk concenter) or parallel wires (for layer concenter),which
located in axial direction.
For SR - 1.
1 - default value.
Arrangement of axial ducts
Specification by a sample: 2,4-,6
where 2, 4, 6 are numbers of wires from inner to outer one, after which axial ducts are
located. The minus after number (for example, 4-) specifies a duct between parallel wires
with identical electric numbers of turns.
27
User's manual Vln
Average width of axial ducts

This parameter is specified only in the presence of axial ducts.
Filling of an axial duct by insulating bars
Relation of tangential width of the bars in axial ducts to the average distance between
centers of the bars.
This parameter is specified only in the presence of axial ducts.
Quantity of elementary conductors in the transposed and subdivided wire
It should be specified for coils from transposed and subdivided wires.
This information is necessary for account of non flatness of a cross-section of a transposed
wire at calculation of the longitudinal capacity. When this parameter is not given then non
flatness is not taken into account.
Quantity of parallel wires in radial direction
By default 1.
Radial dimension of elementary conductor
Axial dimension of elementary conductor
Bonding of conductors in the transposed wire
Is specified only for coils with transposed wire.
Y - transposed wire with epoxy resin bonding of conductors;
N - transposed wire without bonding of conductors.
By default: N.
Thickness of spacer in the transposed wire
Is specified only in case when transposed wire has a spacer inside it.
By default thickness 0 or 0.13 mm is accepted depending on width of wire.
5.3.6. Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)

Table is set a sequence of an arrangement of coils and SR in concenters by way of following
concenters in tab. "General parameters of concenters". For each concenter the numbers of
types of coils or SR, and also quantity standing in succession of one-type coils or SR, since
the first coil or SR from above are written. Type number of the coil or SR should correspond
to a line number in tab. "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)".
The program allows to unite two coils with the same wire in pair of interleaved coils if
quantity of turns of these coils differs on no more then 1 turn.
Concenter number
Concenter name
Type number
Quantity
Concenter number
The filling is obligatory only for the first coil or SR group of each concenter. Each line
corresponds to one group of coil or group of SR. Group of coil or group of SR is understood
as sequence of laying one under another identical coils or SR.
Description of these groups should be executed from top to bottom.
Concenter name
The filling is obligatory only for the first coil or SR group of each concenter. Each line
corresponds to one group of coil or group of SR. Group of coil or group of SR is understood
as sequence of laying one under another identical coils or SR.
28
Type number
Number of the coil type from the table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings
(SR)".
Quantity
Quantity of identical coils (SR) in one group.
Two interchanging types of coils are specified as two groups of coils with sign "minus" at the
coil quantity. Quantity of coils in these groups should be equal.
5.3.7. Parameters of ducts groups

There are written the dimensions of all oil ducts between coils and SR and quantity of the
identical or equally interchanging located in succession ducts. The order is made for each
concenter by way of following concenters in tab. "General parameters of concenters". First
duct for a data concenter is a duct between the first and second coils (or SR) from above. If
two dimensions of ducts alternate among themselves, for association of interchanging ducts
in one group their quantities are set with sign "minus". Let, for example, in a concenter 10
times in succession ducts on 6 and 12 mms alternate. It is necessary to set these duct
groups as follows:
in one row height = 6.0 is set; quantity = -10;
in next row height = 12.0 is set; quantity = -10.
Concenter number
Concenter name
Height
Quantity
Concenter number
The filling is obligatory only for the first group of ducts of each concenter. Each line
corresponds to one group of ducts. Group of ducts is understood as sequence of laying one
under another equal ducts between coils or between coil and neighbour SR.
Concenter name
The filling is obligatory only for the first group of ducts of each concenter. Each line
corresponds to one group of ducts. Group of ducts is understood as sequence of laying one
under another equal ducts between coils or between coil and neighbour SR.
Height
Height (without shrinkage) of ducts between coils (or coil and neighbour SR) or between
turns (in layer concenters).
Ducts between laying immediately one on another coils (turns) are considered as ducts with
zero height.
Heights of ducts, which are filled with paper or pressboard (axial spacing in layer windings),
should be specified with sign "minus".
Quantity
Quantity of equal ducts in one group.
Two interchanging sizes of ducts are specified as two groups of ducts with sign "minus" at
the duct quantity. Quantity of ducts in these groups should be equal.
5.3.8. Additional parameters of regulating concenters

Table is set if regulating concenters presence in the calculated diagram. The number of
concenters corresponds to tab. "General parameters of concenters", the concenters are set
in ascending order of their numbers. Number of a layer RW is set equal 1 for single-layer
RW and inner layer two-layer RW and 2 - for outside layer of two-layer RW. Outside layer of
two-layer RW should be described in this tab. directly after inner.
For symmetric RW with a middle input the number of spirals and number of turns in a spiral
in one half RW are described.
The sign of detailing of calculation RW defines a choice of calculated diagram (element layer, spiral of a layer, wire of a layer, group of parallel spirals of a layer). The acceptance
for an element a spiral is permissibly provided when the whole wires of each spiral have the
29
User's manual Vln
same electrical number (are parallel). The acceptance for an element the group of parallel
spirals is permissibly provided when parallel spirals settle down in succession one behind
other.
If on a core a two-layer multispiral RW presents, between which layers any other concenters
are located, it is impossible to set a sign of detailing of calculation equals to zero (program
does not stipulate this case).
Concenter number
Number of a RW layer
Quantity of spirals (wires in the axial direction)
Quantity of turns in a spiral
Quantity of spirals with increased quantity of turns
Quantity of rows (wires in the radial direction)
Sign of steps arrangement sequence
Sign of RW calculation detail
Arrangement of a transition between layers
Concenter number
Number of multispiral regulating concenter in the table "General parameters of concenters".
Number of a RW layer
For one-layer RW - 1, for two-layer one: 1 - for inner layer, 2 - for outer layer.
Two-layer RW is understood as a two-layer multispiral winding with connection on between
layer transition of each wire of one layer with an appropriate wire of other layer and both
layers located on the same core. Two multispiral layers without such connection or located
on different cores are considered as two single-layer RW.
Quantity of spirals (wires in the axial direction)
Quantity of turns in a spiral
If quantities of turns in spirals are not equal then the smaller value should be specified.
Quantity of spirals with increased quantity of turns
Specification is necessary only in case if quantities of turns in spirals (steps) are not equal.
There is accepted that some geometrically extreme spirals have one turn more than other
spirals.
Quantity of rows (wires in the radial direction)
Sign of steps arrangement sequence
0 - standard arrangement of steps from top to bottom in order 1-3--(N-1)-N--4-2

, where N quantity of spirals (quantity of steps),
1 - in an arbitrary order which is specified in the table "Arrangement of steps in turn
cross-section of multispiral regulating windings (RW)",
0 - default value.
Sign of RW calculation detail
0 - element 1 - element 2 - element 3 - element every layer,

2 - default value.
every layer of RW,

every spiral of every layer of RW,
every wire of every layer of RW,
an every group of parallel spirals arranged next to one another of
Arrangement of a transition between layers

It is specified for the outer layer of a two-layer RW:
T - transition at the top,
B - transition at the bottom.
For the RW outer layer with a middle input "B" should be specified.
B - default value.
30
5.3.9. Arrangement of steps in turn cross-section of multispiral regulating

windings (RW)
Table is set only in a case, when the diagram of an arrangement of wires in a cross-section
of a turn differs from standard 1-3-... - (n-1) -n - (n-2) - ...-2 (n - number of steps,
counting of wires from above downwards) .If the arrangement of wires is standard, but the
electrically first spiral of a turn is located from below, such diagram is considered nonstandard and requires the setting of this table. Thus in "Additional parameters of regulating
concenters" it is necessary to set a sign of the diagram of an arrangement of spirals equals
to 1.
Each row contains identical number of units equals to number of rows a layer RW. For twolayer RW one layer is described only, second is supposed identical to first. For symmetric
RW with a middle input the structure of a turn lower halves RW is described.
At presence in the calculated diagram two and more RW with the non-standard diagram of
an arrangement of wires the description them is made for all such RW in succession by way
of indexing concenters. The indexing of wires in each RW also begins from 1, the parallel
wires have the same electrical number.
Spiral number
Electrical numbers of steps in the row 1 (inner)
Electrical numbers of steps in the row N
Spiral number
The numeration of spirals is executed from above downwards. The quantity of spirals is
equal to a total number of simultaneously wound wires in axial direction, including parallel
wires. In case of two-layer RW the arrangement of steps is described only once for an inner
layer. At a several RW the arrangements of spirals for all concenters are described one after
another by way of concenters numbering.
Electrical numbers of steps in the row 1 (inner)
Row is understood as a totality of turns of wire laying one above another and having an
identical diameter. Numbers of steps are set from above downwards.
Electrical numbers of steps in the row
Row is understood as a totality of turns of wire laying one above another and having an
identical diameter. Numbers of steps are set from above downwards.
The table column is filled, if there is an appropriate row.
Maximum quantity of rows 20.
5.3.10. Additional parameters of contra-shields in coils

The table is set in the presence of continuous coils with built-in contra-shield construction.
Number of coil type
Contra-shields connection
Quantity of contra-shield turns
Height of contra-shield wire on metal
Thickness of contra-shield conductor insulation per two sides
Quantity of contra-shield conductors inside the main turn of coil
Number of coil type
Numbering corresponds to the table Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR).
Contra-shields connection
I - inside pair of coils,

IM - multiple connection inside pair of coils,
O - through two coils.
Quantity of contra-shield turns

Height of contra-shield wire on metal
31
User's manual Vln
If this parameter is not specified then the height of contra-shield wire is accepted equal to
Height on metal of corresponding coil.
Thickness of contra-shield conductor insulation per two sides
If this parameter is not specified then the thickness of contra-shield conductor turn
insulation is accepted equal to Thickness of turn insulation of corresponding coil.
Quantity of contra-shield conductors inside the main turn of coil
0- default value.
5.4. Circuit data

5.4.1. Parameters of groups of disk concenters elements
For all disk concenters by way of their following in tab. "General parameters of concenters"
it is setting the sharing concenters on calculated elements from above downwards. Thus the
elements located in succession and having identical number of coils, are united in groups.
The parallel coils (turns of spirals) are taken into account as independent coils.
Concenter number
Concenter name
Quantity of coils in an element
Quantity of elements in a group
Concenter number
Concenter name
Quantity of coils in an element
Every string of the table corresponds to one group of elements. Consequence of elements of
the same concenter with equal quantity of coils in an element is understood as a group of
elements. Description of groups of elements is executed from the inner concenter to the
outer one and within one concenter - from top to bottom.
Quantity of elements in a group
Every string of the table corresponds to one group of elements. Consequence of elements of
the same concenter with equal quantity of coils in an element is understood as a group of
elements. Description of groups of elements is executed from the inner concenter to the
outer one and within one concenter - from top to bottom.
Total quantity of elements should not exceed 1000.
5.4.2. Correction of capacitances of the calculation scheme

The corrections of capacities between any points of the diagram are set. Main assignment of
corrections is to account of non-standard interleaving diagrams of turns in mixed disk
windings. With the help of corrections of capacities it is possible also to take into account
influence of shielding rings live on the diagrams, not stipulated by the program, and other
special cases.
If between two points of the diagram it is necessary to replace value of capacity, defined by
the program, the corrective multiplier is set equal to zero. If it is necessary to increase or to
reduce capacity on the specified value, the corrective multiplier is equal 1. The corrective
capacities are brought in the sixth graph of this tab. with appropriate sign. Their values
previously are calculated manually or on special programs. At the definition non-zero of a
corrective multiplier and zero addend, capacity, calculated by the program, between
specified points is multiplied on this factor.
First point of connection. Concenter number.
First point of connection. Coil number.
Second point of connection. Concenter number.
Second point of connection. Coil number.
Corrective multiplier
32
Corrective summand, nF

Definition with sign "plus" means electrical start of the coil or tapping step, with sign
"minus" - electrical end of one.
If one end of the capacitance has ground connection in all of the calculation diagrams
(testing diagrams), all data for the second point of connection should not be specified.
If one end of the capacitance has ground connection in all of the calculation diagrams
Corrective multiplier
Corrective summand, nF
5.4.3. Additional inductances

This table is specified, if external additional inductances are included between any points of
diagram, for example, measuring impedance or the current-limiting reactor. In one line
there should be described one external inductance.

Additional inductance, uH

There should be specified one of the concenters numbers form the table General
parameters of concenters.
There should be specified one of the concenters numbers form the table General
parameters of concenters.
If one end of the inductance has ground connection in all of the calculation diagrams
33
User's manual Vln
If one end of the inductance has ground connection in all of the calculation diagrams
Additional inductance, uH
The value of inductance should not be zero.
5.4.3. Calculation diagrams

5.4.3.1. Parameters of calculation diagram
Quantity of calculation diagram should not exceed 20 in one calculation.
Designation of calculation diagram
Calculation modes related to the present diagram
Magnetizing inductance per turn of main active part L0, mH
Designation of calculation diagram
Calculation modes related to the present diagram
Specification by a sample:
1,2,3,(7-10),,
where:
1,2,3,7,10 - numbers of modes from the table "Parameters for calculation of time curves
of voltages".
The parameter specifies modes, which should be taken into account at handling of results
for the given calculation diagram. If this parameter is not specified, all of the modes are
taken into account.
A - dry windings in the air,

IMP - oil-impregnated windings in the air,
O - windings in oil,
D - material characteristics are specified in the table Relative dielectric
permeabilities,
If this parameter is not specified, its value is taken from the table "General characteristic of
the calculation".
Magnetizing inductance per turn of main active part L0, mH
All cores described in tab. "Cores characteristic" concern to a main active part.
Recommended values of magnetizing inductance are:
For diagrams of a short circuit of transformers (standard diagrams of tests wave lightning
impulses LI at presence at least one short-circuited winding on each core) and for all test
circuits of reactors:
L0=0,
For no-load diagrams of transformers (standard diagrams of test by switching impulse SI):
mH,
Where:
Uni - a rated voltage of one of windings i, kV
F - rated frequency, Hz
Wi - number of turns in a winding i in a rated position
Ini - a rated current of a winding i, A
I0 - a no-load current, %.
By default the value from table Cores characteristic is accepted.
5.4.3.2. Connection diagram and composition of coil branches

Table sets sharing concenters on coil branches and diagram of connection of each branch.
In the third and fourth columns of this table there are specified the numbers of upper and
34
final lower coils which are included in a data branch. Thus geometrical number of the coil
(or turn of a spiral) without the account of a connection diagram is underlined. In the fifth
and sixth columns the designations of nodes are specified, between which the branch is
connected.
Table is filled for all disk concenters by way of their arrangement in tab. "General
parameters of concenters". Within the limits of a concenter the branches are set from above
downwards by way of a geometrical situation.
Concenter with middle input should have the symmetrical composition of branches (quantity
of branches - not less than 2).
Connection diagram of coil branches can be specified by GUI method (key
).
Concenter number
Concenter name
Number of the extreme upper coil of the branch
Number of the extreme lower coil of the branch
Upper node
Lower node
Concenter number
The filling is obligatory only for the first line of each concenter. Each line corresponds to one
coil branch.
Concenter name
coil branch.
Number of the extreme upper coil of the branch
Number of the initial coil of the branch from above.
Number of the extreme lower coil of the branch
Number of the last coil of the branch from above.
Upper node
It is specified with sign "minus", if this extreme end of branch is its electrical end.
If a branch consists of one coil, then upper end of the branch is located on the inner
diameter of the even-numbered coil and on the outer diameter of the odd-numbered one.
Marking of the nodes:
0 (without sign) ground (GROUND or EARTH can be also specified),

IMP or IMPULSE - test impulse,
1, 2, 3, ...., 9999 - all other nodes (any text up to 7 symbols can be also specified).
Distribution of nodes numbers between branches is of no importance.

Lower node
If a branch consists of one coil, then upper end of the branch is located on the inner
diameter of the even-numbered coil and on the outer diameter of the odd-numbered one.

1, 2, 3, ...., 9999 - all other nodes (any text up to 7 symbols can be also specified).
5.4.3.3. Connection diagram and composition of RW branches

Table describes structure and the diagram of connection of branches RW. In the second and
fourth columns there are electrical numbers of the first and last steps of a branch RW, and
in the third and fifth columns the designations of connection nodes of a branch are
35
User's manual Vln
specified. For single-layer RW the beginning of counting of steps is any of the ends RW, for
two-layer - the output end of an inner layer. For RW with a middle input the beginning is
center of an inner layer. The indexing of steps in each RW also begins with 1. If the
calculation is carried on for an extreme situation of a tap-changer (both with integrated and
with detailed representation RW), all RW should be represented by one branch. If it is
necessary to carry out calculation with an intermediate situation of a tap-changer, all RW
(both single-layer and two-layer) is represented as two or more branches depending on a
regulation diagram. Thus the sign of detailing of calculation in tab. "Additional parameters
of regulating concenters" cannot be equal to zero. Branches RW should settle down by way
of following RW in tab. "General parameters of concenters", and within the limits of one RW
- in ascending order of numbers of steps, since the first step, or by way of decrease of
numbers of steps, since the last step. And, if the input end of RW, joint with the first step, is
located above and (or) output end of RW, joint with the last step, is located below, the
branches are described in ascending order of steps numbers, and if the input end of RW,
joint with the first step, is located below and (or) output end of RW, joint with last step, is
located above, the branches are described in decreasing order of steps numbers. Numbers
of steps should coincide with electrical numbers of appropriate wires in tab. "Arrangement
of steps in turn cross-section of multispiral regulating windings (RW)".
Connection diagram of RW branches can be specified by GUI method (key
).
Concenter number
Electr. number of the tapping step connected to the upper end of the branch
Extreme node of the upper end of branch
Electr. number of the tapping step connected to the lower end of the branch
Extreme node of the lower end of branch
Concenter number
RW branch.
Electr. number of the tapping step connected to the upper end of the branch
Tapping steps electrical numbers are counted from any end of a one-layer RW and from the
inner layer input of the two-layer RW.
For two-layer RW with upper outputs of layers the upper end of the branch is situated on
the input of the inner layer, and lower one - on the output of the outer layer.
For two-layer RW with lower outputs of layers the upper end of the branch is situated on the
output of the outer layer, and lower one - on the input of the inner layer.
Extreme node of the upper end of branch
1, 2, 3, ...., 9999 - all other nodes (any text up to 7 symbols can be also
specified).
Electr. number of the tapping step connected to the lower end of the branch
Tapping steps electrical numbers are counted from any end of a one-layer RW and from the
inner layer input of the two-layer RW.
For two-layer RW with upper outputs of layers the upper end of the branch is situated on
the input of the inner layer, and lower one - on the output of the outer layer.
For two-layer RW with lower outputs of layers the upper end of the branch is situated on the
output of the outer layer, and lower one on the input of the inner layer.
Extreme node of the lower end of branch
36
1, 2, 3, ...., 9999 - all other nodes (any text up to 7 symbols can be also
specified).
5.5. Testing data

5.5.1. Parameters for calculation of time curves of voltages
The slice of time of calculation is necessary selected from a condition, that the maximum of
voltage on all gaps, calculated in a data mode, should be in this interval. The crude estimate
of a moment Tm of approach of a maximum of a between coil voltage with stress FW can be
made under the formula:
Tm = lpr/170, us,
where lpr is length of a wire from a data point of a winding up to a point of the application
test impulse, m.
For other gaps of windings in common case it is impossible beforehand to estimate a
moment of approach of a maximum, therefore slice of time of calculation should be selected
empirically on the basis of available experience or by a vary of a slice of time. If after
leading the first calculation the maximum of a voltage on a gap has not gotten in a
calculated time interval, the Tfinal parameter is increased twice and the calculation will be
carried out repeatedly. If the curve of a voltage on a gap varies during specified step of
time too fast (more than 10 % from maximum value), the calculation should be repeated
with smaller step.
If on any calculated gap it is impossible to define the duration of applied voltage on specified time interval,
then the duration is accepted equal to zero in a program. If it is necessary to calculate a safety factor of
an impulse strength of this gap (at undefined duration), then:
permissible voltage is accepted equal to 10000;
safety factor is accepted equal to 10.
In this case the calculation should be repeated with increased time interval.
If the calculation will be carried out with the account of external active resistance, it is
necessary to set for this mode Tinit = 0. It is recommended to select step from a condition,
that 50 - 100 points should enter into an interval of calculation.
Numbers of initial and final gaps should correspond to numbers of lines in tab. "Parameters
of insulation gaps".
Mode number
Number of the applied impulse
Initial point of the time interval, us (us=1E-6s)
Final point of the time interval, us (us=1E-6s)
Time step, us (us=1E-6s)
Number of the initial calculation gap
Number of the final calculation gap
Account of external active resistances
Mode number
Number of the applied impulse
Number of the applied impulse from the table "Parameters of the applied impulses".
Initial point of the time interval, us (us=1E-6s)
0 - default value.
Final point of the time interval, us (us=1E-6s)
The quantity of points in the curve is 5001 maximum.
Time step, us (us=1E-6s)
The quantity of points in the curve is 5001 maximum.
Number of the initial calculation gap
Program calculates the voltage curves in given mode for list of calculated gaps, which are
specified in the table "Parameters of insulation gaps", since specified initial gap.
1 - default value
37
User's manual Vln
Number of the final calculation gap

Program calculates the voltage curves in given mode for list of calculated gaps, which are
specified in the table "Parameters of insulation gaps", ending specified final gap.
The last gap of the tab. Parameters of insulation gaps is a default value.
Account of external active resistances
1 - calculation with account of specified external resistances
0 - calculation without account of external resistances
0 - default value
5.5.2. Parameters of the applied impulses

The parameters of applied impulses are described. It is permissible to input the impulses of
the standard form (FW and CW, switching impulse, step function, front-of-wave impulse)
and single or repeating impulses of the arbitrary form specified by analytical representation.
The choice between them is made by the definition of an appropriate sign in the column
Impulse type.
For FW impulse it is necessary to specify the duration of the front and the duration of
halfdroop. Besides, it must be specified amplitude of an impulse in 2 cases:
at necessity to calculate a safety factor of calculation gap;
at calculation with taking into account the external active resistances.
For CW impulse there should be specified all parameters as for FW and 3 addition
parameters: "CW time of chopping", "CW factor under shoot", "Circular frequency after CW
chopping".
Parameter Circular frequency after CW chopping, rad/us (us=1E-6s) is set on the basis of
impulse tests results of earlier developed transformers of the given class of voltage. All
other parameters of a test impulse are accepted according to the requirements of the
standard methods of impulse tests.
For other impulses it is necessary to specify:
for analytically represented impulse duration of the halfdroop and amplitude of an
impulse;
for step function may be specified only amplitude of an impulse;
for switching impulse should be specified 3 parameters: Duration of the front ,
Duration of halfdroop (in this case the time above 90% should be specified here)
and CW time of chopping (in this case the time to the first zero cross should be
specified here);
for front-of-wave the same parameters as for CW.
Impulse number
Impulse type
Duration of the front, us (us=1E-6s)
Duration of the halfdroop, us (us=1E-6s)
CW time of chopping, us (us=1E-6s)
CW factor under shoot
Circular frequency after CW chopping, rad/us (us=1E-6s)
Test impulse amplitude, kV
Impulse number
Impulse type
FW - full wave impulse (FW)

CW - chop wave impulse (CW)
AI - analytically represented impulse
SI - switching impulse
SF - step function
FR - front-of-wave
Duration of the front, us

Not to specify for analytically represented impulse and step function (us=1E-6s).
Duration of the halfdroop, us
38
Not to specify for step function. For switching impulse the time above 90% should be
specified here.
CW time of chopping, us
Specify only for CW, FR or SI. For switching impulse the time to the first zero cross should
be specified here.
4 us (us=1E-6s) - default value.
CW factor under shoot
Relation of negative maximum of the impulse to positive one.
Specify only for CW or FR.
0,6 - default value.
Circular frequency after CW chopping, rad/us (us=1E-6s)
Specify only for CW or FR.
6,283 rad/us (us=1E-6s) - default value.
Test impulse amplitude, kV
The specifying is required at calculation with taking into account the external active
resistances. If the parameter is not specified and external active resistances are absent, the
calculation of safety factors of calculation gaps is not executed.
5.5.3. Analytical representation of applied impulses

The form of non-standard impulses described by the sum of analytical functions is set. For
all functions making one non-standard impulse, in the graph "impulse number" is set same
number of an impulse from tab. "Parameters of the applied impulses". The amplitude of an
impulse indicated in tab. "Parameters of the applied impulses" for appropriate impulse,
should be equal to sum maximum voltages of all it components.
For the description of a series of impulses of the non-standard form that are acting one
after another through some slice of times, it is necessary to set functions describing an
impulse, with required time shift, using the parameter "Function switching-on time".
Impulse number
Function type number
Parameter A of the function
Parameter B of the function, 1/us
Parameter C of the function, 1/us
Function switching-on time, us
Impulse number
Corresponds to the impulse number in the table "Parameters of the applied impulses". Each
table line describes one function. All functions concerning one impulse, should have identical
number of impulse.
Function type number
Analytically represented impulse is sum of any functions, described below.
Function
Analytical function
type
number
1
A * exp(-B*tr) * 1(tr)
2
A * exp(-B*tr) * cos(C*tr)
* 1(tr)
3
A * exp(-B*tr) * sin(C*tr)
* 1(tr)
where tr = t - tsw,
1(tr) - switching-on function,
tsw - switching-on time.
Parameter A of the function
Analytically represented impulse is sum of any functions, described below (us=1E-6s).
Function
Analytical function
39
User's manual Vln
type
number
1
2
* 1(tr)
3
* 1(tr)
where tr = t - tsw,
Parameter B of the function, 1/us
Function
Analytical function
type
number
1
2
* 1(tr)
3
* 1(tr)
where tr = t - tsw,
Parameter C of the function, 1/us
Function
Analytical function
type
number
1
2
* 1(tr)
3
* 1(tr)
where tr = t - tsw,
Function switching-on time, us
Function
Analytical function
type
number
1
2
* 1(tr)
3
* 1(tr)
where tr = t - tsw,
5.5.4. Parameters of insulation gaps

It is setting the location of two points of windings, between which the voltage is calculated.
Each point is characterized by three parameters: by number of a concenter; by number of
the coil (for RW - step); by electrical number of a turn in the coil (pair of interleaved coils,
step RW), beginning or end of which is a calculated point. At the definition of number of a
turn with sign "plus" a calculated point is it's beginning on a winding direction (in RW on a
40
direction of counting of steps), with sign "minus"- end. For a grounded node of the diagram
all three parameters are set as zero.
If it is necessary to calculate a store of an impulse strength of a radial duct the number of
this duct in a concenter is set. In this case numbers of concenters for the first and second
points should coincide. If number of a duct is set with a fractional part, the store of an
impulse strength in a duct will be defined with the account of angle rings.
For calculation a store of an impulse strength of a gap between concenters the number of
this duct is set. Repeating data in any column are possible do not enter, they will be read
out automatically from the previous filled row.
For generation of calculated gaps it is necessary to press the button "Generate gaps" on a
page "Input data and calculation" and from drop-down menu to select interesting view of
calculated gaps. The generated calculated gaps will be automatically entered into the table
Parameters of insulation gaps.
Parametrs of insulation gaps can be specified by GUI method.
Gap number
Gap designation
The first point of gap. Number of a concenter
The first point of gap. Number of a coil (RW tapping step)
The first point of gap. Number of a turn in a coil (pair of coils, tap. step)
The second point of gap. Number of a concenter
The second point of gap. Number of a coil (RW tapping step)
The second point of gap. Number of a turn in a coil (pair of coils, tap. step)
Number of a duct between coils in the concenter or of a gap between concenters
Gap number
Gap designation
Arbitrary text except for tapchanger gaps described in the table "Permissible voltages of
tapchanger gaps".
In the last case this parameter should be coincident with designation of the gap in the table
"Permissible voltages of tapchanger gaps".
The first point of gap. Number of a concenter
Number of a concenter, in which the first point of gap is located. For a two-layer multispiral
RW - the number of a concenter forming the inner layer.
If in the second and in the next lines the parameter is not specified, then value is
automatically taken from the previous line.
The first point of gap. Number of a coil (RW tapping step)
Number of a coil (for disk concenters), axial number of a wire (for layer windings except for
multispiral regulating windings) or number of a tapping step (for multispiral regulating
windings), where the first point of gap is located.
Numeration of coils (wires) is executed from top to bottom according to the table
"Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)", and numeration of tapping steps is
executed according to the table "Connection diagram and composition of RW branches".
If the given calculated point is located in the contra-shield turn then number of coil for this
point should be specified with sign minus.
The first point of gap. Number of a turn in a coil (pair of coils, tap. step)
Number of a turn (or contra-shield turn) in the coil (for disk coils except for double
interleaved coils), number of a turn in the pair of coils (for double interleaved coils) or
number of a turn in the tapping step (for multispiral regulating windings), where the first
point of gap is located. For layer concenters except for multispiral regulating windings this
parameter equals 1.
Number of a turn in coil (in pair of coils) is counted from the electrical start of coil or pair of
coils. Numbers of contra-shield turns in the coil are counted from the contra-shield turn with
maximal diameter. In case of the block of the interleaved coils "EE-special" the number of a
turn is an electrical number of a turn in the block of coils, counted from an electrical
41
User's manual Vln
beginning of the block. In RW tapping step the turns are counted in the direction of tapping
step number increasing. Sign "minus" defines the end of turn, number of turn without sign the turn start.
The second point of gap. Number of a concenter
Number of a concenter, in which the second point of gap is located. For a two-layer
multispiral RW - the number of a concenter forming the inner layer. If in the second and in
the next lines the parameter is not specified, then value is automatically taken from the
previous line.
At calculation of voltages to the ground all parameters of the second calculation point are
specified equal to zero.
The second point of gap. Number of a coil (RW tapping step)
Number of a coil (for disk concenters), axial number of a wire (for layer windings except for
multispiral regulating windings) or number of a tapping step (for multispiral regulating
windings), where the second point of gap is located.
Numeration of coils (wires) is executed from top to bottom according to the table
"Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)", and numeration of tapping steps is
executed according to the table "Connection diagram and composition of RW branches".
If the given calculated point is located in the contra-shield turn then number of coil for this
point should be specified with sign minus.
The second point of gap. Number of a turn in a coil (pair of coils, tap. step)
Number of a turn (or contra-shield turn) in the coil (for disk coils except for double
interleaved coils), number of a turn in the pair of coils (for double interleaved coils) or
number of a turn in the tapping step (for multispiral regulating windings), where the second
point of gap is located. For layer concenters except for multispiral regulating windings this
parameter equals 1.
Number of a turn in coil (in pair of coils) is counted from the electrical start of coil or pair of
coils. Numbers of contra-shield turns in the coil are counted from the contra-shield turn with
maximal diameter. In case of the block of the interleaved coils "EE-special" the number of a
turn is an electrical number of a turn in the block of coils, counted from an electrical
beginning of the block. In RW tapping step the turns are counted in the direction of tapping
step number increasing. Sign "minus" defines the end of turn, number of turn without sign the turn start.
Number of a duct between coils in the concenter or of a gap between concenters
Specified when safety factor of the duct between coils or gaps between concenters is to be
calculated. In remaining cases is set 0. If both points of the gap are in the same concenter,
the number of duct between coils is specified, otherwise the main gap number is specified.
Ducts between coils and main gaps are numbered in the order of their description in the
tables "Parameters of ducts groups" and "Parameters of main gaps". Permissible voltages of
ducts between coils are defined automatically.
Permissible voltages of gaps between concenters are taken from the table "Parameters of
main gaps".
To calculate permissible voltage of the duct between coils with due regard spacer shrinkage
its number is specified with sign "minus".
Angle rings in the between coil duct can be taken into account by the specifying of fractional
part of the duct number. The first two digits after the decimal point - the total thickness of
angle rings in the duct (in mm, first digit integer part, second digit fractional part of
thickness). The third digit - the sign of angle rings arrangement:
1 angle ring joins to the upper coil,
2 - angle ring joins to the lower coil,
42
0 two angle rings of the same thickness join to the both coils.
5.5.5. Permissible voltages of tapchanger gaps

Table is specified, if calculation of tapchanger safety factors is needed.
Gap designation
Gap designation
5.6. External resistances

5.6.1. Connections of external active resistances
Table is obligatory set, if even for one mode in tab. "Parameters for calculation of time
curves of voltages" the parameter "Account of external active resistances" is specified equal
to 1.
In tab. for each resistance the connection points and number of a type from tab "General
characteristic of external resistances types" are set. For the varistor and resistor the
switching in time is equal to zero (tab. "General characteristic of external resistances
types").
Connections of external active resistances can be specified by GUI method (key
Number of the resistance type
Number of the resistance type from the table "General characteristic of external resistances
types".
If one end of the resistance has ground connection in all of the calculation diagrams (testing
diagrams), all data for the second point of connection should not be specified.
If one end of the resistance has ground connection in all of the calculation diagrams (testing
diagrams), all data for the second point of connection should not be specified.
5.6.2. General characteristic of external resistances types
43
User's manual Vln
Table is obligatory set, if even for one mode in tab. "Parameters for calculation of time
curves of voltages" the parameter "Account of external active resistances" is specified equal
to 1.
Switching-on time relatively to initiation of a test impulse, us
Switching-on voltage, kV
Quantity of elements in a resis-tance
The way of voltampere characteristic specification
Parameter K of voltampere characteristic or active resistance, Ohm
Parameter X of volt-ampere characteristic
Endpoint voltage of volt-ampere characteristic function
Quantity of points of tabular volt-ampere characteristic
Switching-on time relatively to initiation of a test impulse, us
Point of time, since which resistance is connected to the given points of windings. 0 default value (us=1E-6s).
Switching-on voltage, kV
Voltages between points of resistance connection, at reaching of which the resistance
connects to these points of windings. If this parameter is not specified, then parameter
"Switching-on time relatively to initiation of a test impulse" is taken into account.
Quantity of elements in a resistance
Quantity of seriesly connected elements in a resistance. 1 - default value.
The way of voltampere characteristic specification
T - tabular description by the table "Tabular definition of volt-ampere characteristics

of external resistance elements".
A - analytical description by the function I = K*|U|^X *signU (I in A, U in kV)
R specification of linear active resistance
Parameter K of voltampere characteristic or active resistance, Ohm

Parameter K of the function I = K*|U|^X *signU at analytical description of one element
volt-ampere characteristic (I in A, U in kV).
At specification of linear active resistance the value of this resistance in Ohm should be
specified.
Parameter X of volt-ampere characteristic
Parameter X of the function I = K*|U|^X *signU at analytical description of one element
volt-ampere characteristic (I in A, U in kV).
Endpoint voltage of volt-ampere characteristic function
Upper limit of voltage, up to which the function I = K*|U|^X*signU of one element voltampere characteristic is valid.
Quantity of points of tabular volt-ampere characteristic
Quantity of points of tabular volt-ampere characteristic of one element at tabular its
description. One point of characteristic corresponds to one line in the table "Tabular
definition of volt-ampere characteristics of external resistance elements".
5.6.3. Tabular definition of volt-ampere characteristics of external resistance

elements
Table contains the value of voltage and currents in selected points of volt-ampere
characteristics for all elements of resistance by way of their position in tab. "Connections of
external active resistances", for which the parameter "The way of volt-ampere characteristic
specification" equils to "T". Thus is described only positive branch of the characteristic
44
(negative one is considered identical) without a zero point (point 0.0 is filled by the program
automatically). At calculation the program makes linear interpolation VAC between specified
points of the characteristic. The linear active resistance is set by one point VAC.
Number of the external resistance type
Voltage on the element, kV
Current through the element, A
Number of the external resistance type
Voltage on the element, kV
Point U=I=0 and negative part of the curve is not specified, the program considers this
curve as symmetrical.
Current through the element, A
Point U=I=0 and negative part of the curve is not specified, the program considers this
curve as symmetrical.
45
6. Formats of data representation in program

6.1. INI format
The data should be represented in the format of the INI - file (standard text file of
customization of the Windows programs).
All data in the file are divided into named sections, which consist of keys. For each key the
values are specified.
In a general view the INI-document should have the following structure.
[Design]
Param1=<transformer type>
Param2=<variant number>
[Name of table 1]
Name of parameter 1=Value of parameter 1
...
Name of parameter N=Value of parameter N
...
[Name of table M]
...
Name of parameter K=Value of parameter K
The first section.
Describes identification data of the project.
[Design]
Param1=<transformer type>
Param2=<variant number>
Next sections.
All next sections describe the input data of the program. Each section corresponds to a
table, each key in this section to a parameter of the table. The abbreviated titles of the
tables and parameters are used as names of section and keys. To one parameter there can
correspond some values (rows in the table of input data), in this case the values are
disjointed by sign ^. If the parameter in the table is not set, it is possible to not include it
in section or it is possible to include it in section, but do not specify a value.
[Name of table]
...
Name of parameter N=Value of parameter N
Names of sections/tables and names of keys/parameters describe in the parts.
6.4.1. Input data
6.4.2. Calculation results
6.1.1. Input data

For loading a INI - file in the program it is necessary to execute the following actions.
To start the program of calculation of impulse voltage in transformer windings VLN.

To select a bookmark Archive.
On the opened bookmark to press the button Add.
On the opened bookmark to select from text file.
for select input data file.

To press the button
To select file type (INI files (*.ini)) in the field File type. In a window for file
sampling files selected type are mapped only.
Load file with input data.
To press the button Open.
The program loading data from file and move to bookmark Input data and calculation.
Fragment of a file of an input data.
47
User's manual Vln
[Design]
Param1=AOD-133
Param2=2009
[PGPR]
HGP=39^88,8^143,5^30^115^38
NOBR=36^36^36^32^32^32
HOBR=18^18^18^18^18^18
NOBC=36^36^36^32^32^32
HOBC=40^40^40^40^40^40
PAPV=0^0^0^0^0^0
PAPN=0^0^0^0^0^0
BOBR=0^18^19^0^17^16
BCIL=6^15^15^6^15^6
NVNK=1^1^2^1^4^5
OVNK=2^0^0^1^0^0
NNNK=1^2^3^4^5^6
ONNK=0^0^0^0^0^0
UDOP=0^0^0^0^0^0
[PGKT]
NKON=1^^2^^^^^^^3^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^4^5^6
IMKN=HH
^^CH
^^^^^^^BH
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^KO
^PO1
^PO2
NTIP=1^2^3^5^6^5^4^7^3^3^11^8^11^12^10^4^10^9^10^4^10^12^11^4^11^3
^13^14^14
KOL=126^1^1^4^102^11^1^1^1^1^1^1^9^42^7^1^1^1^1^1^7^42^9^1^1^1^12
6^96^96
[PGKN]
NKON=1^^^^2^^^^^^^3^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^4^^^5^^^^^^^^^^6^^^^
^^^^^
IMKN=HH
^^^^CH
^^^^^^^BH
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^KO
^^^PO1
^^^^^^^^^^PO2
^^^^^^^^^
HKAN=6,4^24^6,4^28^6^8^10^8^11^7,2^4^6^8^11^8^6^8^11^7,8^6^4^6^7,8^1
1^8^6^8^11^8^6^6^20^6^4,8^6,4^8^9,6^11,2^12,8^14,4^16^17,6^19,2^4,8^6,4
^8^9,6^11,2^12,8^14,4^16^17,6^19,2
KOL=62^1^62^1^1^11^70^29^4^2^3^2^2^4^1^32^12^5^2^2^2^2^2^5^12^32^
1^4^2^2^62^1^62^86^1^1^1^1^1^1^1^1^1^86^1^1^1^1^1^1^1^1^1
[PREI]
IMRE=1^2^3^4
NIMP=1^2^3^4
TNAC=0^0^0^0
TKON=100^10^100^10
SHAG=1^0,1^1^0,1
NUC1=1^1^1^1
NUCN=15^15^15^15
PVSP=0^0^0^0
[PIUC]
NUCH=1^2^3^4^5^6^7^8^9^10^11^12^13^14^15
OUCH=DIAPAZON PO
^POTENTIAL BH
^13 STEP PO
^4-6 STEP PO
^1-2 STEP PO
^3-4 STEP PO
^5-6 STEP PO
^2-3 STEP PO
^4-5 STEP PO
^1 DUCT PO
^2 DUCT PO
^IMPULS
^A
^BB
^CCC
NKN1=5^^^^^^^^^^1^5^^^
NKT1=1^6^1^4^1^3^5^2^4^1^2^1^^4^1
NWT1=1^-32^1^^^^^^^^-1^1^^^
NKN2=5^0^5^^^^^^^^1^0^5^^
NKT2=6^0^3^6^2^4^6^3^5^3^3^0^3^6^
NWT2=-32^0^-32^^^^^^^1^1^0^-32^^
48
NKAN=0^^^^^^^^^1^1^0^^^

For saving results of calculation as an INI - file it is necessary.

To select the project from a local archive (or to copy the project from a common
archive in local) and to press the button Open.
On the opened bookmark Input data and calculation to press the button
.
Calculate
To wait while will calculation is finished.
To select a bookmark Results in table form.
To press the button Save results in the file

The filename will be generated automatically in the opened window Save result in
text file in the field File name from the project data (transformer type and
variant number). The user can change a filename in the field a File name
To select file type (INI files (*.ini)) in the field File type. In a window for file
To press the button Save.
The program saving data in the file.

Fragment of a file of an output data.
[Design]
Param1=AOD-133
Param2=2009
[PGP&]
1=1^2^3^4^5^6
2=39^88,8^143,5^30^115^38
3=36^36^36^32^32^32
4=18^18^18^18^18^18
5=36^36^36^32^32^32
6=40^40^40^40^40^40
7=^^^^^
8=^^^^^
9=0^18^19^0^17^16
10=6^15^15^6^15^6
11=1^1^2^1^4^5
12=2^0^0^1^0^0
13=1^2^3^4^5^6
14=0^0^0^0^0^0
15=^^^^^
[CKS&]
1=1^1^2^2^2^2^2^2^2^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^4^5^6
2=1^2^3^5^6^5^4^7^3^3^11^8^11^12^10^4^10^9^10^4^10^12^11^4^11^3^1
3^14^14
3=126^1^1^4^102^11^1^1^1^1^1^1^9^42^7^1^1^1^1^1^7^42^9^1^1^1^126^
96^96
[CKK&]
1=1^1^1^1^2^2^2^2^2^2^2^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^3^4^
4^4^5^5^5^5^5^5^5^5^5^5^6^6^6^6^6^6^6^6^6^6
2=6,4^24^6,4^28^6^8^10^8^11^7,2^4^6^8^11^8^6^8^11^7,8^6^4^6^7,8^11^8
^6^8^11^8^6^6^20^6^4,8^6,4^8^9,6^11,2^12,8^14,4^16^17,6^19,2^4,8^6,4^8^
9,6^11,2^12,8^14,4^16^17,6^19,2
3=62^1^62^1^1^11^70^29^4^2^3^2^2^4^1^32^12^5^2^2^2^2^2^5^12^32^1^
4^2^2^62^1^62^86^1^1^1^1^1^1^1^1^1^86^1^1^1^1^1^1^1^1^1
[ANI&]
1=3^3^4^4^4^4^4
49
User's manual Vln
2=1^1^1^1^1^1^2
3=1,0373^-1,0373^1^-1^-0,963917^0,00208^0,9618
4=0,0147^2,4689^0,0147^2,4689^0,0147^2,4689^1,024
5=0^0^0^0^0^0^6,3
6=0^0^0^0^2,5^2,5^2,5
[DPU&]
1=A ^BB ^CCC
2=200^300^400
[KONT]
1=1^2^3^4
2=63^798,0201^696^126
3=63^798^696^126
4=0^0,002516362^0^0
5=2445,06^2517,31^2494,84^2326,4
6=2443^2533^2498^2346
7=0,08430497^-0,619431^-0,1265075^-0,8354792
8=127^121^127^126
9=126^120^126^125
[GRE&]
1=1^1^2^2^3^4^4^4^4
2=62^64^10^9^10^31^32^32^31
3=1^1^10^2^12^1^1^1^1
4=^^^^^^^^
[XST&]
1=1^2
2=849^840
3=3^3
4=0^1
5=3^1
6=0^2
7=50^50
8=0^0
6.2. XML format

Data is represented in format XML - document (XML - Extensible Markup Language) created
according to syntactic rules of data language (XML - document should be correctly
generated (well-formed)).
Declaration XML is not obligatory, therefore at making of the XML - document it can to be
used.
Uniform rooted device is a XML-document main body Document:
Is the start-tag - <Document>,

Is the end-tag - </Document>.
In a general view the XML-document should have the following structure.

<Document>
<tnName of table 1>
<pnName of parameter 1 of table 1>
Value of parameter 1 of table 1
</pnName of parameter 1 of table 1>
...
<pnName of parameter N of table 1>
Value of parameter N of table1
</pnName of parameter N of table1>
</tnName of table 1>
...
<tnName of table M>
<pnName of parameter 1 of table M>
Value of parameter 1 of table M
</pnName of parameter 1 of table M>
...
50
<pnName of parameter K of table M>

Value of parameter K of table M
</pnName of parameter K of table M>
</tnName of table M>
</Document>
All data of the program in XML - document are described by.
An element named TABLE.
<tnName of table> - is the start-tag
...
</tnName of table> - is the end-tag
An element named PARAMETER.
<pnName of parameter> - is the start-tag
Value of parameter
</pnName of parameter> - is the end-tag
An element PARAMETER must be properly nested in an element named TABLE.
<tnName of table>
<pnName of parameter 1>
Values of parameter 1
</pnName of parameter 1>
...
<pnName of parameter N>
Values of parameter N
</pnName of parameter N>
</tnName of table>
In this case the parameters values must contain only Latin characters; otherwise it is
necessary to use legal encoding in an XML document. To each data table corresponds to an
element named TABLE, to each parameter of the table - to an element named
PARAMETER. In the capacity of names of devices the TABLE and PARAMETER is used the
abbreviated titles of tables and the parameters, presented in a hexadecimal view. If these
abbreviated titles contain not only legal characters such as -, ., 0..9, A..Z,
a..z, _ they must be represented in the hexadecimal format. To one parameter there
can match some values (rows in the table), in this case values are disjointed by a sign "^".
The ampersand character ( & ), the left angle bracket ( < ) and the CDATA-section-close
delimiter ( ]]> ) must not appear in their literal form in the parameter values. They must be
represented by numeric character references:
Character/Sequence of characters Character reference/Sequence of numeric character
references:
& - &
< - <
]]> - ]]>
If the parameter in the table is not set, it is possible not to create a device PARAMETER or
it is possible to create a device PARAMETER which will be empty.
<pnName of parameter>
Values of parameter
</pnName of parameter>
The first non-root element.
The first non-root element of a document is the table named Design. It describes the
identification data of the project.
<tnDesign>
<pnParam1>
Values of Param1
</pnParam1>
<pnParam2>
Values of Param2
</pnParam2>
</tnDesign>
Were.
<tnDesign> - is the start-tag of the table named Design.

<pnParam1> - is the start-tag of the parameter named Param1.
Values of Param1 - section contains the value of Param1.
</pnParam1> - is the end-tag of the parameter named Param1.
51
User's manual Vln
<pnParam2> - is the start-tag of the parameter named Param2.

Values of Param2 - section contains the value of Param2.
</pnParam2> is the end-tag of the parameter named Param2.
</tnDesign> - is the end-tag of the table named Design.
Following elements.
Instance of correctly generated element TABLE WIRE (Parameters of wire types).
<tnWIRE>
<pnWTYP>
1^2^3^4^5^6
</pnWTYP>
<pnCNAM>
RW^CW^SW^SW^LW^PW1
</pnCNAM>
<pnWRGR>
CTC^CTC^SUB^SUB^CTC^CTC
</pnWRGR>
<pnECQT>
15^23^3^3^7^11
</pnECQT>
<pnECRD>
2,36^1,5^1,4^1,6^2,65^1,8
</pnECRD>
<pnECAD>
7,1^5,3^7,5^13,5^9^4
</pnECAD>
<pnTIST>
3/H^1.4/H^2.4/H^2.4/H^1/H^3/H
</pnTIST>
<pnECTH>
^^0,5^0,5^^
</pnECTH>
<pnSPTH>
0,2^0,2^^^0,2^0,2
</pnSPTH>
<pnCETH>
^Y^^^N^Y
</pnCETH>
<pnRO>
^^^^^
</pnRO>
</tnWIRE>
Were.
<tnWIRE> - start-tag of the TABLE WIRE (parameters of wire types).
<pnWTYP> - start-tag of the PARAMETER WTYP (number of wire type).
1^2^3^4^5^6 - section of value of PARAMETER WTYP.
</pnWTYP> - end-tag of the PARAMETER WTYP.
<pnCNAM> - start-tag of the PARAMETER CNAM (name of concentre).
RW^CW^SW^SW^LW^PW1 - section of value of PARAMETER CNAM.
</pnCNAM> - end-tag of the PARAMETER CNAM.
<pnWRGR> - start-tag of the PARAMETER WRGR (wire grade).
CTC^CTC^SUB^SUB^CTC^CTC - section of value of PARAMETER WRGR.
</pnWRGR> - end-tag of the PARAMETER WRGR.
<pnECQT> - start-tag of the PARAMETER ECQT (quantity of elementary conductors
in a wire).
15^23^3^3^7^11 - section of value of PARAMETER ECQT.
</pnECQT> - end-tag of the PARAMETER ECQT.
<pnECRD> - start-tag of the PARAMETER ECRD (radial dimension of elementary
conductor, mm).
2,36^1,5^1,4^1,6^2,65^1,8 - section of value of PARAMETER ECRD.
</pnECRD> - end-tag of the PARAMETER ECRD.
52
<pnECAD> - start-tag of the PARAMETER ECAD (axial dimension of elementary

conductor, mm).
7,1^5,3^7,5^13,5^9^4 - section of value of PARAMETER ECAD.
</pnECAD> - end-tag of the PARAMETER ECAD.
<pnTIST> - start-tag of the PARAMETER TIST (turn insulation).
3/H^1.4/H^2.4/H^2.4/H^1/H^3/H - section of value of PARAMETER TIST.
</pnTIST> - end-tag of the PARAMETER TIST.
<pnECTH> - start-tag of the PARAMETER ECTH (thickness of paper insulation of
elementary conductor in subdivided wire, mm).
^^0,5^0,5^^ - section of value of PARAMETER ECTH.
</pnECTH> - end-tag of the PARAMETER ECTH.
<pnSPTH> - start-tag of the PARAMETER SPTH (thickness of spacer in transposed
wire, mm).
0,2^0,2^^^0,2^0,2 - section of value of PARAMETER SPTH.
</pnSPTH> - end-tag of the PARAMETER SPTH.
<pnCETH> - start-tag of the PARAMETER CETH (bonding of conductors in
transposed wire).
^Y^^^N^Y - section of value of PARAMETER CETH.
</pnCETH> - end-tag of the PARAMETER CETH.
<pnRO> - start-tag of the PARAMETER RO (specific resistance of the conductor at
20 deg.C, Ohm*mm2/m).
^^^^^ - section of value of PARAMETER RO.
</pnRO> - end-tag of the PARAMETER RO.
</tnWIRE> - end-tag of the TABLE WIRE.
6.4.1. Input data
6.2.1. Input data

For loading a XML - file in the program it is necessary to execute the following actions.


To press the button
To select file type (XML files (*.xml)) in the field File type. In a window for file
<Document>

<tnDesign>

<pnParam1>
AOD-133
</pnParam1>
<pnParam2>
2009
</pnParam2>
</tnDesign>

<tnPGPR>

<pnHGP>
53
User's manual Vln
39^88,8^143,5^30^115^38
</pnHGP>

<pnNOBR>
36^36^36^32^32^32
</pnNOBR>

<pnHOBR>
18^18^18^18^18^18
</pnHOBR>

<pnNOBC>
36^36^36^32^32^32
</pnNOBC>

<pnHOBC>
40^40^40^40^40^40
</pnHOBC>

<pnPAPV>
0^0^0^0^0^0
</pnPAPV>

<pnPAPN>
0^0^0^0^0^0
</pnPAPN>

<pnBOBR>
0^18^19^0^17^16
</pnBOBR>

<pnBCIL>
6^15^15^6^15^6
</pnBCIL>

<pnNVNK>
1^1^2^1^4^5
</pnNVNK>

<pnOVNK>
2^0^0^1^0^0
</pnOVNK>

<pnNNNK>
1^2^3^4^5^6
</pnNNNK>

<pnONNK>
0^0^0^0^0^0
</pnONNK>

<pnUDOP>
0^0^0^0^0^0
</pnUDOP>
</tnPGPR>

<tnPGKT>

<pnNKON>
1^^2^^^^^^^3^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^4^5^6
</pnNKON>

54
<pnIMKN>
HH^^CH^^^^^^^BH^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^KO^PO1^PO2
</pnIMKN>

<pnNTIP>
1^2^3^5^6^5^4^7^3^3^11^8^11^12^10^4^10^9^10^4^10^12^11^4^11^3^13^
14^14
</pnNTIP>

<pnKOL>
126^1^1^4^102^11^1^1^1^1^1^1^9^42^7^1^1^1^1^1^7^42^9^1^1^1^126^96
^96
</pnKOL>
</tnPGKT>

<tnPGKN>

<pnNKON>
1^^^^2^^^^^^^3^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^4^^^5^^^^^^^^^^6^^^^^^^^^
</pnNKON>

<pnIMKN>
HH^^^^CH^^^^^^^BH^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^KO^^^PO1^^^^^^^^^^PO2^^
^^^^^^^
</pnIMKN>

<pnHKAN>
6,4^24^6,4^28^6^8^10^8^11^7,2^4^6^8^11^8^6^8^11^7,8^6^4^6^7,8^11^8^6
^8^11^8^6^6^20^6^4,8^6,4^8^9,6^11,2^12,8^14,4^16^17,6^19,2^4,8^6,4^8^9,6
^11,2^12,8^14,4^16^17,6^19,2
</pnHKAN>

<pnKOL>
62^1^62^1^1^11^70^29^4^2^3^2^2^4^1^32^12^5^2^2^2^2^2^5^12^32^1^4^
2^2^62^1^62^86^1^1^1^1^1^1^1^1^1^86^1^1^1^1^1^1^1^1^1
</pnKOL>
</tnPGKN>
</Document>

For saving results of calculation as an XML - file it is necessary.

.
Calculate

To select file type (XML files (*.xml)) in the field File type. In a window for file
55
User's manual Vln

<Document>

<tnDesign>
<pnParam1>
AOD-133
</pnParam1>
<pnParam2>
2009
</pnParam2>
</tnDesign>

<tn50475026>

<pn1>
1^2^3^4^5^6
</pn1>
<pn2>
39^88,8^143,5^30^115^38
</pn2>
<pn3>
36^36^36^32^32^32
</pn3>
<pn4>
18^18^18^18^18^18
</pn4>
<pn5>
36^36^36^32^32^32
</pn5>
<pn6>
40^40^40^40^40^40
</pn6>
<pn7>
^^^^^
</pn7>
<pn8>
^^^^^
</pn8>
<pn9>
0^18^19^0^17^16
</pn9>
<pn10>
6^15^15^6^15^6
</pn10>
<pn11>
1^1^2^1^4^5
</pn11>
<pn12>
56
2^0^0^1^0^0
</pn12>
<pn13>
1^2^3^4^5^6
</pn13>
<pn14>
0^0^0^0^0^0
</pn14>
<pn15>
^^^^^
</pn15>
</tn50475026>
</Document>
6.3. CSV format

The input data should be represented in the CSV format (*.csv ). The delimiter of a CSV file
must be symbol ; (semicolumn). Each input / output data table should have the following
form:
Line 1. Table name is enclosed in square brackets ([ , ]) and double quotes ( "
).
"[Table name]"
Line 2. List of parameters names. They are disjointed by a sign ; . Each one is
enclosed in double quotes.
"Name of parameter 1"; "Name of parameter 2"; "Name of parameter N1"; "Name of parameter N"
Line 3. List of the first parameters values. They are disjointed by a sign ; and
follow in the order of parameters names. (see Line 2).
First value of parameter 1; First value 1 of parameter 2; First value 1 of
parameter N
.....
Line M. List of the last parameters values. They are disjointed by a sign ; and
follow in the order of parameters names. (see Line 2).
First value of parameter 1; First value 1 of parameter 2; First value 1 of
parameter N
Line M+1. Empty line.
Parameters names or text parameter values can contain a sign " ( double quotes ), in
this case it are substituted for the sequence of two double quotes " " .
For example:
"[SIDE]"
"SNAM";"VOLT";"POW";"DCON";"RANG";"SMIN";"SMAX";"KPOL";"STEP";"TYPE";"ARM"
"LV";38,5;63;"D";;;;;;;;
"MV";121;125;"Y0";24;6;6;3;"12";"OLTC";"SC"
"HV";230;125;"Y0";;;;;;;;
"[SVO""]"
"CXEM";"NUMB";"KELB";"KELE";
"HN";1;"1";"0";
;2;"0";"0";
;3;"HN";"2";
;4;"0";"2";
The first table ([Design]) describes identification data of the project:
Param1=<Transformer type>
57
User's manual Vln
Param2=<Variant number>.
All next tables describe the input /output data of the program. If the parameter in the table
is not set, it is represented by a sign ; .
6.4.1. Input data
6.3.1. Input data

For loading a CSV - file in the program it is necessary to execute the following actions.


To press the button
To select file type (CSV files (*.csv)) in the field File type. In a window for file
"[Design]"
"Param1";"Param2"
"AOD-133";"2009"
"[PGPR]"
"HGP";"NOBR";"HOBR";"NOBC";"HOBC";"PAPV";"PAPN";"BOBR";"BCIL";"NVNK";"OVNK";"N
NNK";"ONNK";"UDOP"
39;36;18;36;40;0;0;0;6;1;2;1;0;0
88,8;36;18;36;40;0;0;18;15;1;0;2;0;0
143,5;36;18;36;40;0;0;19;15;2;0;3;0;0
30;32;18;32;40;0;0;0;6;1;1;4;0;0
115;32;18;32;40;0;0;17;15;4;0;5;0;0
38;32;18;32;40;0;0;16;6;5;0;6;0;0
"[PGKT]"
"NKON";"IMKN";"NTIP";"KOL"
1;"HH";1;126
;;2;1
2;"CH";3;1
;;5;4
;;6;102
;;5;11
;;4;1
;;7;1
;;3;1
3;"BH";3;1
;;11;1
;;8;1
;;11;9
;;12;42
;;10;7
;;4;1
;;10;1
;;9;1
;;10;1
;;4;1
;;10;7
58
;;12;42
;;11;9
;;4;1
;;11;1
;;3;1
4;"KO";13;126
5;"PO1";14;96
6;"PO2";14;96
"[PIUC]"
"NUCH";"OUCH";"NKN1";"NKT1";"NWT1";"NKN2";"NKT2";"NWT2";"NKAN"
1;"DIAPAZON PO";5;1;1;5;6;-32;0
2;"POTENTIAL BH";;6;-32;0;0;0;;
3;"1-3 STEP PO";;1;1;5;3;-32;;
4;"4-6 STEP PO";;4;;;6;;;
5;"1-2 STEP PO";;1;;;2;;;
6;"3-4 STEP PO";;3;;;4;;;
7;"5-6 STEP PO";;5;;;6;;;
8;"2-3 STEP PO";;2;;;3;;;
9;"4-5 STEP PO";;4;;;5;;;
10;"1 DUCT PO";;1;;;3;1;1
11;"2 DUCT PO";1;2;-1;1;3;1;1
12;"IMPULS";5;1;1;0;0;0;0
13;"A";;;;5;3;-32;;
14;"BB";;4;;;6;;;
15;"CCC";;1;;;;;;

For saving results of calculation as an CSV - file it is necessary.

.
Calculate

To select file type (CSV files (*.csv)) in the field File type. In a window for file

"[Design]"
"Param1";"Param2"
"AOD-133";"2009"
"[PGP&]"
"1";"2";"3";"4";"5";"6";"9";"10";"11";"12";"13";"14";
1;39;36;18;36;40;0;6;1;2;1;0;
2;88,8;36;18;36;40;18;15;1;0;2;0;
3;143,5;36;18;36;40;19;15;2;0;3;0;
4;30;32;18;32;40;0;6;1;1;4;0;
5;115;32;18;32;40;17;15;4;0;5;0;
6;38;32;18;32;40;16;6;5;0;6;0;
59
User's manual Vln
"[CKS&]"
"1";"2";"3"
1;1;126
1;2;1
2;3;1
2;5;4
2;6;102
2;5;11
2;4;1
2;7;1
2;3;1
3;3;1
3;11;1
3;8;1
3;11;9
3;12;42
3;10;7
3;4;1
3;10;1
3;9;1
3;10;1
3;4;1
3;10;7
3;12;42
3;11;9
3;4;1
3;11;1
3;3;1
4;13;126
5;14;96
6;14;96
"[CKK&]"
"1";"2";"3"
1;6,4;62
1;24;1
1;6,4;62
1;28;1
2;6;1
2;8;11
2;10;70
2;8;29
2;11;4
2;7,2;2
2;4;3
3;6;2
3;8;2
3;11;4
3;8;1
3;6;32
3;8;12
3;11;5
3;7,8;2
3;6;2
3;4;2
3;6;2
3;7,8;2
3;11;5
3;8;12
3;6;32
3;8;1
3;11;4
3;8;2
60
3;6;2
4;6;62
4;20;1
4;6;62
5;4,8;86
5;6,4;1
5;8;1
5;9,6;1
5;11,2;1
5;12,8;1
5;14,4;1
5;16;1
5;17,6;1
5;19,2;1
6;4,8;86
6;6,4;1
6;8;1
6;9,6;1
6;11,2;1
6;12,8;1
6;14,4;1
6;16;1
6;17,6;1
6;19,2;1
"[ANI&]"
"1";"2";"3";"4";"5";"6"
3;1;1,0373;0,0147;0;0
3;1;-1,0373;2,4689;0;0
4;1;1;0,0147;0;0
4;1;-1;2,4689;0;0
4;1;-0,963917;0,0147;0;2,5
4;1;0,00208;2,4689;0;2,5
4;2;0,9618;1,024;6,3;2,5
"[DPU&]"
"1";"2"
"A";200
"BB";300
"CCC";400
"[KONT]"
"1";"2";"3";"4";"5";"6";"7";"8";"9"
1;63;63;0;2445,06;2443;0,08430497;127;126
2;798,0201;798;0,002516362;2517,31;2533;-0,619431;121;120
3;696;696;0;2494,84;2498;-0,1265075;127;126
4;126;126;0;2326,4;2346;-0,8354792;126;125
"[GRE&]"
"1";"2";"3";
1;62;1;
1;64;1;
2;10;10;
2;9;2;
3;10;12;
4;31;1;
4;32;1;
4;32;1;
4;31;1;
"[XST&]"
"1";"2";"3";"4";"5";"6";"7";"8"
1;849;3;0;3;0;50;0
2;840;3;1;1;2;50;0
6.4. Interpretation names of sections/tables and names of keys/parameters for INI,

XML and CSV files
61
User's manual Vln
In square brackets ([Design], [OBRD], [XO__]) name of section/table as text (no

more then 4 simbols).
Without brackets (Param1, UR, 2) name of key/parameter as text (no more then 4
simbols).
General characteristic of the calculation, General characteristic of calculation.
Calculation diagram @ - full name of section/table.
<Transformer type>, <Calculation conditions>, <Designation of calculation
diagram> - full name of key/parameters.
6.4.1. Input data

[Design]
Param1> = <Transformer type>
Param2> = <Variant number>
[OBRD] - General characteristic of the calculation
UR = <Calculation conditions>
MAGP = <Core relative permeability>
[EPS] - Relative dielectric permeabilities
ESR = <Medium>
EBUM = <Paper>
ELAK = <Enamel coating>
EPRO = <Spacers>
EOBR = <Bars in a winding>
ECIR = <Bars between cylinders>
ECIL = <Cylinders>
[PSTR] - Cores characteristic
DST = <Diameter of the core circumcircle>
NGP = <Quantity of main gaps>
NEKR = <Quantity of electrostatic shields>
NKKN = <Quantity of disk concenters>
NRO = <Quantity of RW concenters>
MAGP = <Relative permeability>
MIND = <Magnetizing inductance per turn L0, mH>
[PGPR] - Parameters of main gaps
HGP = <Main gap>
NOBR = <Quantity of bars in a winding>
HOBR = <Width of bars in a winding>
NOBC = <Quantity of bars between cylinders>
HOBC = <Width of bars between cylinders>
PAPV = <Total thickness of paper barriers on the top>
PAPN = <Total thickness of paper barriers on the bottom>
BOBR = <Total thickness of bars in a winding>
BCIL = <Total thickness of pressboard cylinders>
NVNK = <Number of the internal concenter>
OVNK = <Sign of the internal concenter>
NNNK = <Number of the external concenter>
ONNK = <Sign of the external concenter>
UDOP = <Permissible voltage 1.2/50, kV>
[PCIL] - Parameters of electrostatic shields
DSR = <Average diameter>
RRAD = <Radial dimension on metal>
H = <Height>
KNIZ = <Coordinate of the lower part>
NKN = <Connection point. Concenter number>
NKT = <Connection point. Coil number>
[OPKN] - General parameters of concenters
62
NKON = <Concenter number>

IMKN = <Concenter name>
DSRV = <Average diameter>
DSRN = <Average diameter on the bottom>
RRAD = <Radial dimension>
H = <Height including outer SR>
KNIZ = <Coordinate of the lower part>
W = <Quantity of turns>
NPRO = <Quantity of columns of spacers>
BPRO = <Width of spacers>
USB = <Paper shrinkage, %>
USK = <Pressboard shrinkage, %>
NNAM = <Winding direction>
[PKEK] - Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)
NTIP = <Type number>
OBOZ = <Type designation>
CXEM = <Diagram sign>
WKAT = <Quantity of turns in a coil>
NPAR = <Qt. of interleaved parallel wires>
HKAT = <Height on metal>
IVIT = <Thickness of turn insulation per two sides>
IDOP = <Thickness of additional insulation per two sides>
NXOD = <Qt. of parallel coils in the axial direction (parallel spirals)>
NKAN = <Arrangement of axial ducts>
BKAN = <Average width of axial ducts>
BGED = <Filling of an axial duct by insulating bars>
NTG = <Quantity of elementary conductors in the transposed and subdivided wire>
NPWR = <Quantity of parallel wires in radial direction>
BOT = <Radial dimension of elementary conductor>
HOT = <Axial dimension of elementary conductor>
BOND = <Bonding of conductors in the transposed wire>
SPAC = <Thickness of spacer in the transposed wire>
[PGKT] - Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)
NTIP = <Type number>
KOL = <Quantity>
[PGKN] - Parameters of ducts groups
HKAN = <Height>
KOL = <Quantity>
[DPRK] - Additional parameters of regulating concenters
NSL = <Number of a RW layer>
NXOD = <Quantity of spirals (wires in the axial direction)>
NWIT = <Quantity of turns in a spiral>
NXP1 = <Quantity of spirals with increased quantity of turns>
NRD = <Quantity of rows (wires in the radial direction)>
PSTD = <Sign of steps arrangement sequence>
PDET = <Sign of RW calculation detail>
PRAS = <Arrangement of a transition between layers>
[RSTE] - Arrangement of steps in turn cross-section of multispiral regulating
windings (RW)
NXOD = <Spiral number>
NEL1 = <Electr. numbers of steps in the row 1 (inner)>
NEL2 = <Electr. numbers of steps in the row 2>
63
User's manual Vln
........
[PXVC] - Additional parameters of contra-shields in coils
NTIP = <Number of coil type>
PSOE = <Contra-shields connection>
TURN = <Quantity of contra-shield turns>
HTUR = <Height of contra-shield wire on metal>
IVIT = <Thickness of contra-shield conductor insulation per two sides>
QCSI = <Quantity of contra-shield conductors inside the main turn of coil>
[PGEL] - Parameters of groups of disk concenters elements
NKAT = <Quantity of coils in an element>
NELM = <Quantity of elements in a group>
[KREM] - Correction of capacitances of the calculation scheme
NKN1 = <First point of connection. Concenter number>
NKT1 = <First point of connection. Coil number>
NKN2 = <Second point of connection. Concenter number>
NKT2 = <Second point of connection. Coil number>
KUMN = <Corrective multiplier>
KSUM = <Corrective summand, nF>
[XDI] - Additional inductances
NCNF = <First point of connection.Concenter number.>
NCLF = <First point of connection.Coil number>
NCNS = <Second point of connection.Concenter number>
NCLS = <Second point of connection.Coil number>
HIND = <Additional inductance, uH>
[PC01] - Parameters of calculation diagram
CXEM = <Designation of calculation diagram>
MODE = <Calculation modes related to the present diagram>
MIND = <Magnetizing inductance per turn of main active part L0, mH>
[CK01] - Connection diagram and composition of coil branches
NVKT = <Number of the extreme upper coil of the branch>
NNKT = <Number of the extreme lower coil of the branch>
NVUZ = <Upper node>
NNUZ = <Lower node>
[CP01] - Connection diagram and composition of RW branches
NVET = <Concenter number>
NVST = <Electr. number of the tapping step connected to the upper end of the branch>
NVUZ = <Extreme node of the upper end of branch>
NNST = <Electr. number of the tapping step connected to the lower end of the branch>
NNUZ = <Extreme node of the lower end of branch>
......
[PC20] - Parameters of calculation diagram
CXEM = <Designation of calculation diagram>
MODE = <Calculation modes related to the present diagram>
MIND = <Magnetizing inductance per turn of main active part L0, mH>
[CK20] - Connection diagram and composition of coil branches
64

NVKT = <Number of the extreme upper coil of the branch>
NNKT = <Number of the extreme lower coil of the branch>
NVUZ = <Upper node>
NNUZ = <Lower node>
[CP20] - Connection diagram and composition of RW branches
NVET = <Concenter number>
NVST = <Electr. number of the tapping step connected to the upper end of the branch>
NVUZ = <Extreme node of the upper end of branch>
NNST = <Electr. number of the tapping step connected to the lower end of the branch>
NNUZ = <Extreme node of the lower end of branch>
[PREI] - Parameters for calculation of time curves of voltages
IMRE = <Mode number>
NIMP = <Number of the applied impulse>
TNAC = <Initial point of the time interval, us>
TKON = <Final point of the time interval, us>
SHAG = <Time step, us>
NUC1 = <Number of the initial calculation gap>
NUCN = <Number of the final calculation gap>
PVSP = <Account of external active resistances>
[PPIM] - Parameters of the applied impulses
NIMP = <Impulse number>
VIMP = <Impulse type>
TFRN = <Duration of the front, us>
DLIN = <Duration of the halfdroop, us>
TSRE = <CW time of chopping, us>
KPER = <CW factor under shoot>
OMEG = <Circular frequency after CW chopping, rad/us>
UIMP = <Test impulse amplitude, kV>
[ANAL] - Analytical representation of applied impulses
NIMP = <Impulse number>
NFUN = <Function type number>
A = <Parameter A of the function>
B = <Parameter B of the function, 1/us>
C = <Parameter C of the function, 1/us>
TVKL = <Function switching-on time, us>
[PIUC] - Parameters of insulation gaps
NUCH = <Gap number>
OUCH = <Gap designation>
NKN1 = <The first point of gap. Number of a concenter>
NKT1 = <The first point of gap. Number of a coil (RW tapping step)>
NWT1 = <The first point of gap. Number of a turn in a coil (pair of coils, tap. step)>
NKN2 = <The second point of gap. Number of a concenter>
NKT2 = <The second point of gap. Number of a coil (RW tapping step)>
NWT2 = <The second point of gap. Number of a turn in a coil (pair of coils, tap. step)>
NKAN = <Number of a duct between coils in the concenter or of a gap between concenters>
[DUPR] - Permissible voltages of tapchanger gaps
OUCH = <Gap designation>
UDOP = <Permissible voltage 1.2/50, kV>
[PVSO] - Connections of external active resistances
NTVS = <Number of the resistance type>
NKN1 = <First point of connection. Concenter number>
NKT1 = <First point of connection. Coil number>
NKN2 = <Second point of connection. Concenter number>
NKT2 = <Second point of connection. Coil number>
65
User's manual Vln
[OXTS] - General characteristic of external resistances types

NTVS = <Number of the resistance type>
TVKL = <Switching-on time relatively to initiation of a test impulse, us>
UVKL = <Switching-on voltage, kV>
KELW = <Quantity of elements in a resistance>
VIVA = <The way of volt-ampere characteristic specification>
FACK = <Parameter K of volt-ampere characteristic or active resistance, Ohm>
FACX = <Parameter X of volt-ampere characteristic>
UMAX = <Endpoint voltage of volt-ampere characteristic function>
NT = <Quantity of points of tabular volt-ampere characteristic>
[VAXS] - Tabular definition of volt-ampere characteristics of external resistance
elements
NTVS = <Number of the external resistance type>
U = <Voltage on the element, kV>
I = <Current through the element, A>

[Design]
Param1 = <Transformer type>
Param2 = <Variant number>
[XO__] - General characteristic of calculation.^Calculation diagram @
2 = <Designation of calculation diagram>
3 = <Number of a calculation diagram>
4 = <Number of corrections of a capacitive diagram>
5 = <Number of additional inductances of the sheme>
6 = <Sign of symmetry>
7 = <Relative magnetic permeability of a core>
8 = <Calculation conditions>
9 = <Account of external capacitance between cores>
10 = <Oscillation damping>
11 = <Magnetizing inductance per turn of main active part L0, mH>
[RR__] - Relative dielectric permeabilities.^Calculation diagram @
1 = <Medium>
2 = <Normal paper>
8 = <High density paper>
9 = <Nomex>
3 = <Enamel coating>
4 = <Spacers>
5 = <Bars in a winding>
6 = <Bars between cylinders>
7 = <Cylinders>
[PAT&] - Parameters of active parts
1 = <Core shape>
2 = <Numbers of cores>
3 = <Max. width of magnetic return path Bj>
4 = <Radial dimension between external concenters of different cores in window:
total/pressboard Awf>
5 = <Radial dimension from external concenter to longitudinal LV-side of tank:
total/pressboard Awk1>
6 = <Radial dimension from external concenter to longitudinal HV-side of tank:
total/pressboard Awk2>
7 = <Min. radial dimension from external concenter to end side of tank: total/pressboard>
8 = <Radial dimension from external concenter to magnetic return path: total/pressboard
Awr>
9 = <Min. radial dimension from magnetic return path to end side of tank>
[XST&] - Cores characteristic
66
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
<Core number>
<Diameter of the core circumcircle, mm>
<Quantity of main gaps>
<Quantity of electrostatic shields>
<Quantity of disk concenters>
<Quantity of RW concenters>
<Relative permeability>
<Magnetizing inductance, mH>
[PGP&] - Parameters of main gaps

1 = <Gap number>
2 = <Main gaps, mm>
3 = <Qt. of winding bars>
4 = <Width of a winding bar, mm>
5 = <Quantity of bars between cylinders>
6 = <Width of a bar between cylinders, mm>
7 = <Thickness of paper insulation between layers on top, mm>
8 = <Thickness of paper insulation between layers on bottom, mm>
9 = <Total thickness of winding bars, mm>
10 = <Total thickness of cylinders, mm>
11 = <Number of internal concenter (shield, core)>
12 = <Sign of internal concenter (shield, core)>
13 = <Number of external concenter (shield)>
14 = <Sign of external concenter (shield)>
15 = <Permissible voltage 1.2/50, kV>
[PE__] - Parameters of electrostatic shields.^ Calculation diagram @
1 = <Shield number>
2 = <Average diameter, mm>
3 = <Radial dimension on metal, mm>
4 = <Height, mm>
5 = <Coordinate of a lower part, mm>
6 = <Connection node number>
[PKN&] - General parameters of concenters
1 = <Concenter number>
2 = <Average diameter on top, mm>
3 = <Average diameter on bottom, mm>
4 = <Radial dimension, mm>
5 = <Height including outer SR being pressed, mm>
6 = <Coordinate of a lower part, mm>
7 = <Total quantity of turns>
8 = <Quantity of spacers columns>
9 = <Spacer width, mm>
10 = <Quantity of groups of coils and SR>
11 = <Quantity of ducts groups>
12 = <Quantity of branches>
13 = <Paper shrinkage, %>
14 = <Pressboard shrinkage, %>
15 = <Winding direction>
16 = <>
[XTD&] - Parameters of types of coils and SR
1 = <Type number>
2 = <Type designation>
3 = <Sign of diagram>
4 = <Qt. of turns in a coil>
5 = <Qt. of interleaved parallel wires>
6 = <Height on metal, mm>
7 = <Thickness of turn insulation per two sides, mm>
8 = <Thickness of additional insulation per two sides, mm>
9 = <Quantity of parallel coils in axial direction (parallel spirals)>
67
User's manual Vln
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
<Arrangement of axial ducts>

<Average width of axial ducts, mm>
<Filling of an axial duct by insulating bars>
<"Quantity of elementary conductors in the turn">
<Quantity of parallel wires in radial direction>
<"Radial dimension of elementary conductor, mm">
<"Axial dimension of elementary conductor, mm">
<Bonding of conductors in the transposed wire>
<Thickness of spacer in the transposed wire>
<Additional insulation of external transition between AIDS-coils per two sides>
[CKS&] - Parameters of groups of coils and SR

1 = <Concenter>
2 = <Type number>
3 = <Quantity>
[CKK&] - Parameters of ducts groups
1 = <Concenter>
2 = <Height, mm>
3 = <Quantity>
[DPR&] - Additional parameters of regulating concenters
2 = <Number of RW layer>
3 = <Quantity of spirals (wires in axial direction)>
4 = <Quantity of turns in one spiral>
5 = <Quantity of spirals with increased quantity of turns>
6 = <Quantity of rows (wires in radial direction)>
7 = <Diagram sign of spirals arrangement>
8 = <Sign of detail of RW calculation>
[MRP&] - Arrangement of wires in a RW turn cross-section
1 = <RW concenter number>
2 = <Spiral number>
3 = <EIectr. number of step in the row 1 (inner)>
4 = <EIectr. numberof step in the row 2>
[PCS&] - Additional parameters of contra-shields in coils
1 = <Number of coil type>
2 = <Contra-shields connection>
3 = <Quantity of contra-shield turns>
4 = <Quantity of parallel contra-shield wires>
5 = <Height of contra-shield wire on metal, mm>
6 = <Thickness of contra-shield conductor insulation per two sides, mm>
68
7 = <Quantity of contra-shield conductors inside the main turn of coil>

[BLO&] - Structures of blocks of coils
1 = <Number of block of coils>
2 = <Number of coil type>
3 = <Number of a wire branch in the block of coils>
4 = <Number of the coil in the block of coils>
5 = <Radial position of outside turn of a wire branch in the coil>
6 = <Quantity of turns in a wire branch>
7 = <Quantity of simultaneously wound wires in a radial direction PDRW>
8 = <Designation of outer node of a wire branch>
9 = <Designation of inner node of a wire branch>
[GRE&] - Parameters of elements groups of disk concenters
1 = <Concenter>
2 = <Number of coils in element>
3 = <Number of elements in group>
4 = <Account of inner oscillations in blocks of coils>
[SV__] - Connection diagram and composition of coil branches.^Calculation
diagram @
1 = <Branch number>
2 = <Number of the branch upper coil>
3 = <Number of the branch lower coil>
4 = <Upper node>
5 = <Lower node>
[RE__] - Connection diagram and RW branches composition.^Calculation diagram
@
1 = <Branch number>
2 = <EIectr. number of the extreme tapping step of the upper end of the branch>
3 = <Extreme node of the upper end of the branch>
4 = <EIectr. number of the extreme tapping step of the lower end of the branch>
5 = <Extreme node of the lower end of the branch>
[KM__] - Correction of capacitances between calculation diagram
nodes.^Calculation diagram @
1 = <First node>
2 = <Second node>
3 = <Corrective multiplier>
4 = <Corrective summand, ths. pF>
[RP__] - Parameters of calculation modes^ for time curves and impulse
strength.^Calculation diagram @
1 = <Mode number>
2 = <Impulse number>
3 = <Initial point of the time interval, us>
4 = <Final point of the time interval, us>
5 = <Time step, us>
6 = <Number of the initial gap>
7 = <Number of the final gap>
8 = <Sign of presence of externalactiveresistances (1-yes; 0-no)>
[IP__] - Parameters of the applied impulses. Calculation diagram @
2 = <Impulse type>
3 = <Front time, us>
4 = <Duration of the test impulse (for CW chopped) at 50% level of the amplitude, us>
5 = <CW time of chopping, us>
6 = <CW factor under shoot>
7 = <Circular frequency after CW chopping, rad/us>
8 = <Test impulse amplitude, kV>
69
User's manual Vln
[ANI&] - Analytical representation of applied impulse

2 = <Function type number>
3 = <Parameter A of the function>
4 = <Parameter B of the function, 1/us>
5 = <Parameter C of the function, 1/us>
6 = <Function switching-on time, us>
[UC__] - Parameters of insulation gaps.^ Calculation diagram @
1 = <Gap number>
2 = <Gap designation>
3 = <Gap first point. Concenter number>
4 = <Gap first point. Coil (RW tapping step) number>
5 = <Gap first point. No. of turn in a coil (pair of coils, RW tapping step)>
6 = <Gap second point. Concenter number>
7 = <Gap second point. Coil (RW tapping step) number>
8 = <Gap second point. No. of turn in a coil (pair of coils, RW tapping step)>
9 = <Number of duct between coils (between concenters)>
10 = <Type of strength calculation>
[DPU&] - Permissible voltages of tapchanger gaps
2 = <Permissible voltage 1.2/50, kV>
[AV__] - Characteristic of external active resistances.^Calculation diagram @
1 = <Resistance number>
2 = <Number of resistance type>
3 = <First connection node>
4 = <Second connection node>
[TVS&] - General characteristic of external resistances types
1 = <Number of resistance type>
2 = <Switching-on time relatively to impulse start, us (with "minus" - switching-on voltage,
kV)>
3 = <Quantity of elements>
4 = <Way of volt-ampere characteristic specification>
5 = <Parameter K of u-i-diagram or resistance, Ohm>
6 = <Parameter X of u-i-diagram>
7 = <Voltage limitation of VAC>
8 = <Quantity of VAC points>
9 = <Capacity of RC circuit, nF>
[VAX&] - Volt-ampere characteristics of external resistances
1 = <in sequence>
2 = <Voltage, kV>
3 = <Current, A>
[ID__] - Characteristic of additional inductances of the scheme.^Calculation
diagram @
1 = <First node of inductances connection>
2 = <Second node of inductances connection>
3 = <Inductance, H>
[KONT] - Check of input data
2 = <Real qt. of turns>
3 = <Checking qt. of turns>
4 = <Deviation of qt. of turns, %>
5 = <Real height, mm>
6 = <Checking height, mm>
7 = <Deviation of height, %>
70
8 = <Qt. of coil and SR>

9 = <Quantity of ducts>
[IV__] - Impulse voltages and strength^ of insulation gaps.^ Calculation diagram
@, Mode @,^ Test voltage @ kV @
1 = <Gap number>
3 = <Oil duct height, mm>
4 = <Turn insulation thickness per two sides, mm>
5 = <Maximum of applied voltage, %>
6 = <Duration of applied voltage, us>
[CX__] - Input capacity of diagram. Calculation diagram @
1 = <Capacity, nF>
[KE__] - Parameters of coil elements (calculation diagram @)
1 = <Element number>
2 = <Concenter name>
5 = <Height, mm>
6 = <Quantity of turns>
7 = <Top coordinate, mm>
8 = <Bottom coordinate, mm>
9 = <Number of upper coil>
10 = <Number of lower coil>
11 = <Upper node>
12 = <Lower node>
13 = <Initial voltage up,%>
14 = <Initial voltage down,%>
15 = <Final voltage up,%>
16 = <Final voltage down,%>
[RW__] - Parameters of RW elements (calculation diagram @)
1 = <Element number>
2 = <Concenter name>
5 = <Quantity of turns>
6 = <Top coordinate, mm>
7 = <Bottom coordinate, mm>
8 = <Upper node>
9 = <Lower node>
10 = <Initial voltage up,%>
11 = <Initial voltage down,%>
12 = <Final voltage up,%>
13 = <Final voltage down,%>
[BS__] - Calculation of equivalent circuit capacities.^ Calculation diagram @
1 = <First node>
2 = <Second node>
3 = <Capacitance, pF>
[MC__] - Matrix of nodes capacitances. Calculation diagram @
1 = <Number of the matrix row>
2 = <Node of the matrix row>
3 = <Number of the matrix column>
4 = <Node of the matrix column>
5 = <Capacitance, nF>
[CC__] - Matrix - column of capacities between nodes and voltage source.^
Calculation diagram @
71
User's manual Vln
1 = <Node>
2 = <Capacitance, nF>
[MI__] - Matrix of elements inductances. Calculation diagram @
1 = <Number of the matrix row>
2 = <Number of the matrix column>
3 = <Inductance, mH>
72
7. The output of auxiliary results

7.1. Input data in detail form
In this section the detailed information about calculated elements of the diagram is
presented: elements dimensions and arrangement, quantity of turns in elements, numbers
of upper and lower coils of elements, numbers of upper and lower nodes of elements and
values of an initial and final voltages in these nodes. Examples of parameters of coil
elements and RW elements are presented in tables 7.1 and 7.2.
Table 7.1 - Parameters of coil elements (calculation diagram MAX).
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|Element| Concenter | Average | Radial
|Height,|Quantity |
Top
>
|
| number|
name
| diameter,| dimension,|
mm | of turns| coordina->
|
|
|
|
mm
|
mm
|
|
| te, mm >
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|1
|1
|LV
|1012
|84
|1155.8 |31
|2621.6
>
|2
|2
|LV
|1012
|84
|1210.9 |32
|1458.5
>
|3
|3
|MV
|1404
|128.1
|180.2 |64.9
|2673.6
>
|4
|4
|MV
|1404
|128.1
|200.2 |68.9
|2484.1
>
|5
|5
|MV
|1404
|128.1
|202.2 |68.9
|2272.6
>
|6
|6
|MV
|1404
|128.1
|202.2 |68.9
|2059.1
>
|7
|7
|MV
|1404
|128.1
|202.2 |68.9
|1845.6
>
|8
|8
|MV
|1404
|128.1
|202.2 |68.9
|1632.1
>
|9
|9
|MV
|1404
|128.1
|202.2 |68.9
|1418.6
>
|10 |10
|MV
|1404
|128.1
|202.2 |68.9
|1205.1
>
|11 |11
|MV
|1404
|128.1
|186.2 |68.9
|991.6
>
|12 |12
|MV
|1404
|128.1
|184.2 |68.9
|796.1
>
|13 |13
|MV
|1404
|128.1
|161.8 |59
|602.6
>
|14 |14
|MV
|1404
|128.1
|199.8 |54
|431.5
>
|15 |15
|HV
|1972
|150
|204.2 |58
|2651.2
>
|16 |16
|HV
|1972
|150
|172.2 |58
|2439.6
>
|17 |17
|HV
|1972
|150
|172.2 |58
|2260
>
|18 |18
|HV
|1972
|150
|172.2 |58
|2080.4
>
|19 |19
|HV
|1972
|150
|190.2 |58
|1898.8
>
|20 |20
|HV
|1972
|150
|239.2 |58
|1699.2
>
|21 |21
|HV
|1972
|150
|239.2 |58
|1424.9
>
|22 |22
|HV
|1972
|150
|190.2 |58
|1176.3
>
|23 |23
|HV
|1972
|150
|172.2 |58
|976.7
>
|24 |24
|HV
|1972
|150
|172.2 |58
|797.1
>
|25 |25
|HV
|1972
|150
|172.2 |58
|617.5
>
|26 |26
|HV
|1972
|150
|204.2 |58
|437.9
>
|27 |27
|SV
|986
|83
|562.2 |31
|2574.9
>
|28 |28
|SV
|986
|83
|580.6 |32
|2005.7
>
|29 |29
|SV
|986
|83
|580.6 |32
|1404.2
>
|30 |30
|SV
|986
|83
|562.2 |31
|816.7
>
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parameters of coil elements (calculation diagram MAX) (Continue)

--------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Bottom | Number | Number | Number | Number |Initial |Initial >
|
| coordina-| of upper| of lower| of upper| of lower| voltage| voltage>
|
| te, mm |
coil |
coil |
node |
node | up,% | down,% >
--------------------------------------------------------------------------|1
|1465.8
|1
|62
|0
|2
|0
|2
>
|2
|247.6
|63
|126
|-2
|0
|2
|0
>
|3
|2493.5
|1
|10
|0
|3
|0
|8
>
|4
|2284
|11
|20
|-3
|4
|8
|8.7
>
|5
|2070.5
|21
|30
|-4
|5
|8.7
|7.1
>
|6
|1857
|31
|40
|-5
|6
|7.1
|5.6
>
|7
|1643.5
|41
|50
|-6
|7
|5.6
|4.3
>
|8
|1430
|51
|60
|-7
|8
|4.3
|3.9
>
|9
|1216.5
|61
|70
|-8
|9
|3.9
|6
>
|10 |1003
|71
|80
|-9
|10
|6
|9.6
>
|11 |805.5
|81
|90
|-10
|11
|9.6
|14.5
>
|12 |612
|91
|100
|-11
|12
|14.5
|22.7
>
|13 |440.8
|101
|109
|-12
|13
|22.7
|36.8
>
|14 |231.7
|110
|118
|-13
|1
|36.8
|78.8
>
|15 |2446.9
|1
|10
|-1
|14
|78.8
|42.1
>
|16 |2267.3
|11
|20
|-14
|15
|42.1
|25.5
>
|17 |2087.7
|21
|30
|-15
|16
|25.5
|15.9
>
|18 |1908.1
|31
|40
|-16
|17
|15.9
|10
>
73
User's manual Vln
|19 |1708.5
|41
|50
|-17
|18
|10
|5
>
|20 |1459.9
|51
|60
|-18
|0
|5
|0
>
|21 |1185.7
|61
|70
|0
|-19
|0
|7.4
>
|22 |986.1
|71
|80
|19
|-20
|7.4
|15.1
>
|23 |804.5
|81
|90
|20
|-21
|15.1
|23.6
>
|24 |624.9
|91
|100
|21
|-22
|23.6
|35.4
>
|25 |445.3
|101
|110
|22
|-23
|35.4
|51.8
>
|26 |233.7
|111
|120
|23
|-1
|51.8
|78.8
>
|27 |2012.7
|1
|31
|0
|-24
|0
|16
>
|28 |1425.2
|32
|63
|24
|-25
|16
|8.9
>
|29 |823.6
|64
|95
|25
|-26
|8.9
|0.6
>
|30 |254.5
|96
|126
|26
|0
|0.6
|0
>
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parameters of coil elements (calculation diagram MAX) (Continue)

-----------------------|
| Final | Final |
|
| voltage| voltage|
|
| up,% | down,% |
-----------------------|1
|0
|0.1
|
|2
|0.1
|0
|
|3
|0
|4.7
|
|4
|4.7
|10.5
|
|5
|10.5
|16.2
|
|6
|16.2
|22
|
|7
|22
|28.5
|
|8
|28.5
|35.7
|
|9
|35.7
|43.1
|
|10 |43.1
|50.1
|
|11 |50.1
|56.9
|
|12 |56.9
|63
|
|13 |63
|66.8
|
|14 |66.8
|68
|
|15 |68
|58.7
|
|16 |58.7
|46.9
|
|17 |46.9
|34.2
|
|18 |34.2
|21.5
|
|19 |21.5
|9.9
|
|20 |9.9
|0
|
|21 |0
|9.6
|
|22 |9.6
|20.5
|
|23 |20.5
|32.5
|
|24 |32.5
|44.9
|
|25 |44.9
|57.2
|
|26 |57.2
|68
|
|27 |0
|1.3
|
|28 |1.3
|1.3
|
|29 |1.3
|0.6
|
|30 |0.6
|0
|
------------------------
Table 7.2 - Parameters of RW elements (calculation diagram MAX).

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
|Element| Concenter | Average | Radial
|Quantity |
Top
| Bottom >
|
| number|
name
| diameter,| dimension,| of turns| coordina-| coordina->
|
|
|
|
mm
|
mm
|
| te, mm | te, mm >
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------|1
|1
|RW1
|1342
|39.5
|16
|2518
|411.4
>
|2
|2
|RW1
|1342
|39.5
|16
|2401.9
|295.2
>
|3
|3
|RW1
|1342
|39.5
|16
|2494.8
|388.2
>
|4
|4
|RW1
|1342
|39.5
|16
|2425.1
|318.5
>
|5
|5
|RW1
|1342
|39.5
|16
|2471.6
|365
>
|6
|6
|RW1
|1342
|39.5
|16
|2448.3
|341.7
>
|7
|7
|RW2
|1502
|39.5
|16
|2518
|411.4
>
|8
|8
|RW2
|1502
|39.5
|16
|2401.9
|295.2
>
|9
|9
|RW2
|1502
|39.5
|16
|2494.8
|388.2
>
|10 |10
|RW2
|1502
|39.5
|16
|2425.1
|318.5
>
|11 |11
|RW2
|1502
|39.5
|16
|2471.6
|365
>
|12 |12
|RW2
|1502
|39.5
|16
|2448.3
|341.7
>
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parameters of RW elements (calculation diagram MAX) (Continue)

-------------------------------------------------------------|
| Number | Number |Initial |Initial | Final | Final |
74
|
| of upper| of lower| voltage| voltage| voltage| voltage|
|
|
node |
node | up,% | down,% | up,% | down,% |
-------------------------------------------------------------|1
|1000
|-27
|100
|2.8
|100
|97.7
|
|2
|28
|-29
|88.8
|2.8
|94.7
|92.4
|
|3
|30
|-31
|88.9
|2.8
|89.3
|87
|
|4
|32
|-33
|85.2
|2.8
|84
|81.7
|
|5
|34
|-35
|84.5
|2.8
|78.7
|76.3
|
|6
|36
|-37
|82.9
|2.8
|73.3
|71
|
|7
|-28
|27
|88.8
|2.8
|94.7
|97.7
|
|8
|-30
|29
|88.9
|2.8
|89.3
|92.4
|
|9
|-32
|31
|85.2
|2.8
|84
|87
|
|10 |-34
|33
|84.5
|2.8
|78.7
|81.7
|
|11 |-36
|35
|82.9
|2.8
|73.3
|76.3
|
|12 |-1
|37
|78.8
|2.8
|68
|71
|
--------------------------------------------------------------
7.2. Capacities, inductances

In this section the information about parameters of calculated diagrams is presented:
capacities and inductances. Examples of parameters of calculated diagrams are presented in
tables 7.3-7.7.
In tab. 7.3 input capacitance of calculated diagram is presented. It is the equivalent
capacitance, numerically equal to the total charge, that past through capacities, joint with a
source of an impulse of a unit voltage.
Table 7.3 - Input capacity of diagram. Calculation diagram MAX.
-------------|Capacity, nF|
-------------|0.870476
|
--------------
In tab. 7.4 partial capacities between nodes of calculated diagram are presented. In the
beginning of this table the longitudinal capacities of calculated elements are located. Then
capacities between calculated elements of main gaps are located. The information about
each gap begins with a line with its number and value of a specific-capacitance of a gap in
pF/mm. Then capacities between nodes of the adjacent concenters of a main gap are
located.
Table 7.4 - Calculation of equivalent circuit capacities. Calculation diagram MAX.
-------------------------------------------------------|
Number
|
Number
|Capacitance, pF|
| of the first node| of the second node|
|
-------------------------------------------------------|2
|0
|26.98
|
|2
|0
|26.22
|
|3
|0
|403.3
|
|4
|3
|339.17
|
|5
|4
|335.27
|
|6
|5
|335.27
|
|7
|6
|335.27
|
|8
|7
|335.27
|
|9
|8
|335.27
|
|10
|9
|335.27
|
|11
|10
|357.37
|
|12
|11
|361.27
|
|13
|12
|344.98
|
|13
|1
|167.4
|
|13
|1
|41.6
|
|14
|1
|231.72
|
|15
|14
|320.01
|
|16
|15
|320.01
|
|17
|16
|316.9
|
|18
|17
|257.8
|
|18
|0
|206.23
|
|19
|0
|206.23
|
|20
|19
|257.8
|
|21
|20
|316.9
|
|22
|21
|320.01
|
|23
|22
|320.01
|
75
User's manual Vln
|23
|14
|18
|19
|23
|24
|25
|26
|26
|
|2
|2
|
|3
|3
|4
|4
|5
|5
|6
|6
|7
|7
|8
|8
|9
|9
|10
|10
|11
|11
|12
|12
|13
|13
|1
|1
|1
|
|1
|14
|14
|15
|15
|16
|16
|17
|17
|18
|18
|8
|8
|19
|19
|20
|20
|21
|21
|22
|22
|23
|23
|1
|1
|
|24
|24
|25
|25
|26
|26
|
|1000
|1000
76
|1
|1
|0
|0
|1
|0
|24
|25
|0
|1
|0
|0
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|3
|0
|3
|3
|4
|4
|5
|5
|6
|6
|7
|7
|0
|0
|9
|9
|10
|10
|11
|11
|12
|12
|13
|13
|0
|0
|4
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|5
|24
|24
|231.72
|29.49
|34.93
|34.93
|29.49
|26.02
|25.36
|25.36
|26.02
|1.33
|768.45
|814.91
|0.81
|71.19
|85.49
|85.49
|86.71
|86.71
|86.71
|86.71
|86.71
|86.71
|86.71
|86.71
|86.71
|86.71
|86.71
|86.71
|79.81
|79.81
|78.59
|78.59
|69.51
|69.51
|84.51
|84.51
|12.79
|12.79
|0.63
|59.42
|59.42
|66.03
|66.03
|66.97
|66.97
|66.97
|66.97
|66.97
|66.97
|66.97
|66.97
|66.97
|66.97
|66.97
|66.97
|61.64
|61.64
|60.7
|60.7
|53.69
|53.69
|65.27
|9.91
|9.91
|2.43
|687.33
|721.76
|721.76
|721.76
|721.76
|687.33
|0.61
|26.05
|30.19
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|27
|27
|27
|27
|27
|28
|28
|28
|28
|28
|29
|29
|29
|30
|30
|30
|31
|31
|31
|31
|31
|32
|32
|32
|32
|32
|33
|33
|33
|34
|34
|34
|35
|35
|35
|35
|35
|36
|36
|36
|36
|36
|37
|37
|37
|
|1000
|29
|30
|31
|32
|33
|34
|35
|36
|37
|1000
|29
|30
|31
|32
|33
|34
|35
|36
|37
|1000
|31
|32
|31
|32
|33
|34
|35
|25
|25
|26
|26
|0
|0
|24
|24
|25
|25
|26
|26
|0
|0
|24
|24
|25
|25
|26
|26
|0
|0
|24
|24
|25
|25
|26
|26
|0
|0
|24
|24
|25
|25
|26
|26
|0
|0
|24
|24
|25
|25
|26
|26
|0
|6
|28
|27
|28
|27
|28
|27
|28
|27
|28
|27
|30
|27
|28
|29
|30
|29
|30
|29
|30
|29
|32
|27
|28
|29
|30
|31
|32
|31
|30.19
|30.19
|30.19
|20.96
|20.96
|20.15
|20.15
|30.19
|30.19
|30.19
|30.19
|26.86
|26.86
|24.87
|24.87
|30.19
|30.19
|30.19
|30.19
|22.14
|22.14
|21.33
|21.33
|30.19
|30.19
|30.19
|30.19
|25.68
|25.68
|23.69
|23.69
|30.19
|30.19
|30.19
|30.19
|23.32
|23.32
|22.51
|22.51
|30.19
|30.19
|30.19
|30.19
|24.5
|24.5
|1.74
|51.17
|48.36
|50.61
|50.61
|48.92
|48.92
|50.04
|50.04
|49.48
|49.48
|48.36
|48.36
|51.17
|48.92
|50.61
|50.61
|49.48
|49.48
|50.04
|50.04
|50.61
|50.61
|48.92
|48.92
|51.17
|49.48
|50.61
|50.61
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
77
User's manual Vln
|36
|32
|50.04
|
|37
|31
|50.04
|
|1000
|34
|48.92
|
|33
|27
|48.92
|
|34
|28
|50.61
|
|33
|29
|50.61
|
|34
|30
|49.48
|
|33
|31
|49.48
|
|34
|32
|51.17
|
|35
|33
|50.04
|
|36
|34
|50.61
|
|37
|33
|50.61
|
|1000
|36
|50.04
|
|35
|27
|50.04
|
|36
|28
|49.48
|
|35
|29
|49.48
|
|36
|30
|50.61
|
|35
|31
|50.61
|
|36
|32
|50.04
|
|35
|33
|50.04
|
|36
|34
|51.17
|
|37
|35
|50.61
|
|1000
|1
|49.48
|
|37
|27
|49.48
|
|28
|1
|50.04
|
|37
|29
|50.04
|
|30
|1
|50.04
|
|37
|31
|50.04
|
|32
|1
|50.61
|
|37
|33
|50.61
|
|34
|1
|50.61
|
|37
|35
|50.61
|
|36
|1
|51.17
|
--------------------------------------------------------
In tab. 7.5 the matrix of a capacity parameters of a calculated diagram is presented. In this
table all non-zero cells of a lower triangle of a symmetrical matrix are presented. If the
numbers of a row and a column are the same, the diagonal matrix cell representing the sum
of all capacities, joint with a current node is outputed in the table. If the numbers of a row
and a column are different, the capacity between two nodes taken with a minus sign is
outputed in the table.
Table 7.5 - Matrix of nodes capacitances. Calculation diagram MAX.
---------------------------------------------------------|
Number
|
Number
|Capacitance, nF|
| of the matrix row| of the matrix column|
|
---------------------------------------------------------|1
|1
|8.8072
|
|2
|2
|2.4968
|
|3
|3
|1.0246
|
|4
|3
|-0.3392
|
|4
|4
|0.9796
|
|5
|4
|-0.3353
|
|5
|5
|0.9779
|
|6
|2
|-0.1734
|
|6
|5
|-0.3353
|
|6
|6
|0.9779
|
|7
|2
|-0.1734
|
|7
|6
|-0.3353
|
|7
|7
|0.9779
|
|8
|2
|-0.1734
|
|8
|7
|-0.3353
|
|8
|8
|0.9779
|
|9
|2
|-0.1734
|
|9
|8
|-0.3353
|
|9
|9
|0.9779
|
|10
|2
|-0.1665
|
|10
|9
|-0.3353
|
|10
|10
|0.9878
|
|11
|10
|-0.3574
|
|11
|11
|0.9994
|
|12
|11
|-0.3613
|
78
|12
|13
|13
|13
|14
|14
|14
|15
|15
|15
|16
|16
|16
|17
|17
|17
|18
|18
|18
|19
|19
|20
|20
|20
|21
|21
|21
|22
|22
|22
|23
|23
|23
|23
|24
|25
|25
|26
|26
|27
|27
|27
|28
|28
|28
|28
|29
|29
|29
|30
|30
|30
|30
|31
|31
|31
|31
|31
|32
|32
|32
|32
|32
|32
|33
|33
|33
|33
|33
|34
|34
|34
|34
|34
|12
|1
|12
|13
|1
|3
|14
|4
|14
|15
|5
|15
|16
|6
|16
|17
|7
|17
|18
|9
|19
|10
|19
|20
|11
|20
|21
|12
|21
|22
|1
|13
|22
|23
|24
|24
|25
|25
|26
|25
|26
|27
|1
|24
|25
|28
|26
|27
|29
|1
|24
|28
|30
|25
|26
|27
|29
|31
|1
|24
|25
|28
|30
|32
|26
|27
|29
|31
|33
|1
|24
|28
|30
|32
|0.9687
|-0.209
|-0.345
|0.827
|-0.2612
|-0.1254
|0.7067
|-0.133
|-0.32
|0.773
|-0.1339
|-0.32
|0.7709
|-0.1339
|-0.3169
|0.7086
|-0.1339
|-0.2578
|0.6329
|-0.1339
|0.6329
|-0.1286
|-0.2578
|0.7033
|-0.1223
|-0.3169
|0.7592
|-0.1144
|-0.32
|0.7544
|-0.2612
|-0.119
|-0.32
|0.7002
|1.7802
|-0.0254
|1.8566
|-0.0254
|1.7851
|-0.0604
|-0.0512
|15.116
|-0.05
|-0.0503
|-0.0604
|15.0025
|-0.0571
|-7.113
|14.8223
|-0.05
|-0.0551
|-3.7384
|15.1522
|-0.0604
|-0.0523
|-7.5736
|-0.0978
|15.558
|-0.0506
|-0.0515
|-0.0604
|-7.4527
|-0.1018
|15.3609
|-0.0559
|-0.0978
|-7.3285
|-0.099
|15.0899
|-3.8244
|-0.0539
|-0.1007
|-7.4337
|-0.1018
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
79
User's manual Vln
|34
|34
|15.2308
|
|35
|25
|-0.0604
|
|35
|26
|-0.0535
|
|35
|27
|-0.1001
|
|35
|29
|-0.099
|
|35
|31
|-7.5526
|
|35
|33
|-0.1001
|
|35
|35
|15.443
|
|36
|1
|-3.8619
|
|36
|24
|-0.0527
|
|36
|25
|-0.0604
|
|36
|28
|-0.099
|
|36
|30
|-0.1007
|
|36
|32
|-7.4702
|
|36
|34
|-3.6438
|
|36
|36
|15.3612
|
|37
|26
|-0.0547
|
|37
|27
|-0.099
|
|37
|29
|-0.1001
|
|37
|31
|-0.1001
|
|37
|33
|-7.3829
|
|37
|35
|-7.454
|
|37
|37
|15.2153
|
----------------------------------------------------------
In tab. 7.6 a vector of capacitive coupling of an impulse supply point is presented. In this
table the capacities between a point of the application of a test impulse and nodes of
calculated diagram taken with a minus sign are presented.
Table 7.6 - Matrix - column of capacities between nodes and voltage source. Calculation
diagram MAX.
-----------------------------------|Number of the node|Capacitance, nF|
-----------------------------------|1
|-0.0495
|
|24
|-0.0562
|
|28
|-3.4308
|
|30
|-3.6477
|
|32
|-0.0506
|
|34
|-0.0489
|
|36
|-0.05
|
------------------------------------
In tab. 7.7 the matrix of inductive parameters of the diagram is presented. In this table all
non-zero cells of a lower triangle of a symmetrical matrix are presented.
If the numbers of a row and a column are the same, the diagonal matrix cell representing a
self-inductance of the calculated element is outputed in the table. If the number of a row
and a column are different, the mutual inductance between two calculated elements is
outputed in the table.
Table 7.7 - Matrix of elements inductances. Calculation diagram MAX.
-------------------------------------------------------|
Number
|
Number
|
Inductance, mH
|
| of the matrix| of the matrix|
|
|
row
|
column
|
|
-------------------------------------------------------|1
|1
|5.4783057369200883
|
|1
|2
|3.6971992466942893
|
|1
|3
|10.0260106137106672
|
|1
|4
|11.4247819473319424
|
|1
|5
|11.8791782980324528
|
|1
|6
|11.9202817891981408
|
|1
|7
|11.544931391707128
|
|1
|8
|10.765419923799792
|
|1
|9
|9.7525896454857331
|
|1
|10
|8.8013864256773798
|
|1
|11
|8.0111673345377843
|
|1
|12
|7.3618836305418061
|
|1
|13
|5.8438157953325645
|
|1
|14
|4.9563874719119981
|
|1
|15
|8.4477861672803072
|
80
|1
|1
|1
|1
|1
|1
|1
|1
|1
|1
|1
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|2
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|3
|4
|4
|4
|4
|4
|4
|4
|4
|4
|4
|4
|4
|4
|4
|16
|17
|18
|19
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|2
|3
|4
|5
|6
|7
|8
|9
|10
|11
|12
|13
|14
|15
|16
|17
|18
|19
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|3
|4
|5
|6
|7
|8
|9
|10
|11
|12
|13
|14
|15
|16
|17
|18
|19
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|4
|5
|6
|7
|8
|9
|10
|11
|12
|13
|14
|15
|16
|17
|8.8446754757418714
|9.054721085153545
|9.0941539770059187
|8.9440916240884045
|8.5405580820274099
|7.8347280442868288
|7.205964226539241
|6.691850205511145
|6.2408770145784282
|5.8249708851728282
|5.4109043057413222
|5.7777785045963968
|6.1101746788128947
|7.0274480493744947
|7.6798584556724659
|8.4342460167614976
|9.311903552583127
|10.320168710271312
|11.3077234791961008
|11.9802575712073632
|12.2507549867730848
|12.162682919960248
|10.0885247796618208
|8.6746289136219725
|5.6157460426811622
|6.0461517608767258
|6.4782290899200998
|6.9460369161381862
|7.4773336229963878
|8.1205191391131085
|8.8257156709696858
|9.2153923633006093
|9.3516752743032294
|9.3013781808755405
|9.0830277097427085
|8.6781735749507546
|29.7219124047803968
|27.3168266003395392
|23.710107714964736
|21.2009892704066336
|19.1541559639023488
|17.4134781651983904
|15.905168657612896
|14.5820435765229152
|13.4513101279924016
|12.4907896940448816
|9.996957595934711
|8.5404826100389939
|21.6622585877706336
|20.6537112099128352
|19.2061256983815072
|17.797699791132032
|16.4341984940823776
|15.0003914681830592
|13.4578719459424992
|12.346670393368848
|11.4952506574168304
|10.7618625880270912
|10.0875707628413984
|9.4140110576922816
|33.2283834311806592
|28.7201231248162816
|24.9808959032321408
|22.3559711435194944
|20.2068015254645376
|18.3765000991634944
|16.7891046494913184
|15.443997772089472
|14.308822520670968
|11.4307915707344384
|9.7488079942117043
|22.3987120056210976
|23.0132858843881504
|22.0800772270929248
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
81
User's manual Vln
|4
|4
|4
|4
|4
|4
|4
|4
|4
|5
|5
|5
|5
|5
|5
|5
|5
|5
|5
|5
|5
|5
|5
|5
|5
|5
|5
|5
|5
|5
|5
|6
|6
|6
|6
|6
|6
|6
|6
|6
|6
|6
|6
|6
|6
|6
|6
|6
|6
|6
|6
|6
|7
|7
|7
|7
|7
|7
|7
|7
|7
|7
|7
|7
|7
|7
|7
|7
|7
|7
|7
|7
|8
|8
82
|18
|19
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|5
|6
|7
|8
|9
|10
|11
|12
|13
|14
|15
|16
|17
|18
|19
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|6
|7
|8
|9
|10
|11
|12
|13
|14
|15
|16
|17
|18
|19
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|7
|8
|9
|10
|11
|12
|13
|14
|15
|16
|17
|18
|19
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|8
|9
|20.5622817578937024
|18.9682559955842624
|17.2751587964992416
|15.4561693921875008
|14.1499015904888736
|13.1520640916553136
|12.2948768619596976
|11.5088263364981472
|10.7256553261829984
|33.2022041045470016
|28.6995878874199328
|24.9676220303485056
|22.3453220877304352
|20.1978003267069216
|18.3687240183103872
|16.8369177824655648
|15.5554020474543168
|12.3982698109117568
|10.5520471743415776
|20.6696924235583584
|22.29178584992632
|23.0353321027136864
|22.3244338335081152
|20.7521412327235616
|18.8791546494899648
|16.8423146101377408
|15.3821954376869792
|14.2700645478751072
|13.3175163857993568
|12.4464437370310784
|11.5810380451113264
|33.2022041045470016
|28.6995878874199328
|24.9676220303485056
|22.3453220877304352
|20.1978003267069216
|18.4311301115557312
|16.9701258802827072
|13.4891417994423984
|11.4526649836807056
|18.8848365855548288
|20.5143236145682656
|22.0362807391942048
|23.0021406611468576
|22.4734761552107744
|20.66140486747216
|18.4022854501579808
|16.7661926202803584
|15.5224064456410816
|14.4598323209372448
|13.490804772257784
|12.530960823798224
|33.2022041045470016
|28.6995878874199328
|24.9676220303485056
|22.3453220877304352
|20.270121274951488
|18.5838240585501376
|14.7232749723238976
|12.4645495933150208
|17.2731084001323264
|18.7406415747473888
|20.2228092699296128
|21.7633815536508864
|22.9344275017034496
|22.3813614603599488
|20.1407995783701184
|18.3170293764307872
|16.9231849973423712
|15.7343860268378944
|14.6528890759254688
|13.5847745299260512
|33.2022041045470016
|28.6995878874199328
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|8
|8
|8
|8
|8
|8
|8
|8
|8
|8
|8
|8
|8
|8
|8
|8
|8
|9
|9
|9
|9
|9
|9
|9
|9
|9
|9
|9
|9
|9
|9
|9
|9
|9
|9
|10
|10
|10
|10
|10
|10
|10
|10
|10
|10
|10
|10
|10
|10
|10
|10
|10
|11
|11
|11
|11
|11
|11
|11
|11
|11
|11
|11
|11
|11
|11
|11
|11
|12
|12
|12
|12
|12
|12
|10
|11
|12
|13
|14
|15
|16
|17
|18
|19
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|9
|10
|11
|12
|13
|14
|15
|16
|17
|18
|19
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|10
|11
|12
|13
|14
|15
|16
|17
|18
|19
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|11
|12
|13
|14
|15
|16
|17
|18
|19
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|12
|13
|14
|15
|16
|17
|24.9676220303485056
|22.430937987558416
|20.447662895929504
|16.1332048908770432
|13.610454106308216
|15.8347782944258304
|17.144222731388416
|18.4749549212943712
|19.934261364657744
|21.5706422006381408
|22.9200798262939648
|21.9423506779233792
|20.0480862265944256
|18.4929806761248608
|17.1606141236895264
|15.9501820293007936
|14.7577018599911808
|33.2022041045470016
|28.6995878874199328
|25.0744169154726176
|22.6426098931190816
|17.7651460783017408
|14.9213051770829408
|14.5495929601155968
|15.7197448525811776
|16.907079040196448
|18.2139345183544928
|19.742380067096128
|21.652295765994224
|22.9724542483328224
|21.8692281410669056
|20.2426774234761952
|18.758980055963744
|17.4024005659594336
|16.0674251724122528
|33.2022041045470016
|28.8660571844380992
|25.3447304237595296
|19.6943795768991744
|16.4415292426269312
|13.3980569854410784
|14.4467140028450528
|15.5080147963299008
|16.6741924465198656
|18.0413311727567136
|19.8343768744299232
|22.1282813182044928
|23.008045979299232
|22.0544050759832192
|20.5343613733486912
|19.0296537929533248
|17.5338126540002528
|33.415818571113728
|29.1078245440102528
|21.986996488126112
|18.1689976670158592
|12.3991911979022416
|13.3456616038559968
|14.300888291693064
|15.347954784917104
|16.5732240368631808
|18.1847588693800832
|20.4182621059367456
|22.2859944834118464
|23.047731415682976
|22.2555419829662688
|20.7582472146410272
|19.1105555172537056
|33.4432395126036672
|25.162879086128464
|20.1859383902542176
|11.5415726255595056
|12.4030786207705312
|13.2701802907748528
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
83
User's manual Vln
|12
|12
|12
|12
|12
|12
|12
|12
|12
|13
|13
|13
|13
|13
|13
|13
|13
|13
|13
|13
|13
|13
|13
|14
|14
|14
|14
|14
|14
|14
|14
|14
|14
|14
|14
|14
|15
|15
|15
|15
|15
|15
|15
|15
|15
|15
|15
|15
|16
|16
|16
|16
|16
|16
|16
|16
|16
|16
|16
|17
|17
|17
|17
|17
|17
|17
|17
|17
|17
|18
|18
|18
|18
|18
84
|18
|19
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|13
|14
|15
|16
|17
|18
|19
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|14
|15
|16
|17
|18
|19
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|15
|16
|17
|18
|19
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|16
|17
|18
|19
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|17
|18
|19
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|18
|19
|20
|21
|22
|14.218219992045376
|15.3249349748382016
|16.7778232442772512
|18.8046417338631168
|20.672010107446624
|22.263664619045952
|23.0497820547868576
|22.363916185731712
|20.7491431311627616
|24.7644975316073056
|19.6082115033534688
|9.2542938422093363
|9.931474919508576
|10.6113345031934336
|11.3528886885398816
|12.2164213823321808
|13.3471763932173264
|14.9222246067118944
|16.3882614418696512
|17.7655966619147776
|19.0558860787235648
|19.7551544412212
|19.0687194165529024
|20.4210583299297056
|7.918516989016448
|8.4867982411305421
|9.0559175945963174
|9.6751666340727654
|10.3943653589326688
|11.3334420990742336
|12.6376948987454288
|13.8504814905567312
|15.0034361474308416
|16.189093964786704
|17.3708809537767168
|18.0379358205972512
|24.9795442606656544
|21.3082478537378688
|18.461161222049056
|16.6869482404896992
|15.2540966934156064
|13.871115416410368
|12.4410926156915504
|11.4249888099686704
|10.6486389154393408
|9.9796116564933606
|9.3636138802681984
|8.7470969987149376
|25.3740294212202528
|21.6193256011770432
|18.6384123657100544
|16.7265547355755264
|15.0653828138700256
|13.4341291145516288
|12.3017399195761568
|11.4447285337357328
|10.71009516824008
|10.0361383231506848
|9.3636145714159885
|25.3740294212202528
|21.6193256011770432
|18.5139413760208448
|16.3688083631004736
|14.4637817726301152
|13.1947498375606528
|12.2492181440926208
|11.4447285337357328
|10.71009516824008
|9.9796116843069312
|25.3740294212202528
|21.3955736465091584
|18.0307398250806912
|15.6508733590982304
|14.1924750863718752
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|18
|18
|18
|18
|19
|19
|19
|19
|19
|19
|19
|19
|20
|20
|20
|20
|20
|20
|20
|21
|21
|21
|21
|21
|21
|22
|22
|22
|22
|22
|23
|23
|23
|23
|24
|24
|24
|25
|25
|26
|27
|27
|27
|27
|27
|27
|27
|27
|27
|27
|27
|27
|27
|27
|27
|27
|28
|28
|28
|28
|28
|28
|28
|28
|28
|28
|28
|28
|28
|28
|28
|29
|29
|29
|23
|24
|25
|26
|19
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|20
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|21
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|22
|23
|24
|25
|26
|23
|24
|25
|26
|24
|25
|26
|25
|26
|26
|27
|28
|29
|30
|31
|32
|33
|34
|35
|36
|37
|38
|39
|40
|41
|42
|28
|29
|30
|31
|32
|33
|34
|35
|36
|37
|38
|39
|40
|41
|42
|29
|30
|31
|13.1364643335498064
|12.2492181440926208
|11.4447285337357328
|10.6486389515128704
|25.147616520530432
|20.7931506971893216
|17.1985139735733568
|15.4101581922608896
|14.1924773045007744
|13.1947498624402864
|12.3017313315102592
|11.42500413024432
|24.586522883464736
|19.938521095250912
|17.1985260076862688
|15.650863289149136
|14.4637891854406752
|13.4341250731405952
|12.4410920587902208
|24.586522883464736
|20.7931419168032512
|18.0307428699676096
|16.3688058246320736
|15.0653981566144672
|13.8711068177595104
|25.147616520530432
|21.3955732958822144
|18.513949817003328
|16.726539943222192
|15.2540969031209792
|25.3740294212202528
|21.6193256011770432
|18.6384123657100544
|16.6869604859440832
|25.3740294212202528
|21.6193256011770432
|18.4611753112883616
|25.3740294212202528
|21.3082305100542336
|24.9795442606656544
|6.1707271237227264
|4.8309998992304192
|3.5287833364162246
|2.6771784245771322
|2.1308047224705584
|2.0493610959763782
|2.1157809835304038
|2.0667431645561264
|2.1000330327604915
|2.0836517436780854
|2.1006880145466896
|2.0247291400801251
|2.0865300518690531
|2.0408241926683136
|2.0717841372582426
|2.0565222406249037
|6.544061678771255
|4.9184728203913811
|3.5287833727029542
|2.4799414764934768
|2.4528614313919418
|2.4757477442238125
|2.4594521705033437
|2.4709473190685056
|2.4655210200941725
|2.4349188198536086
|2.4084719127622432
|2.4308071738076541
|2.4148906381370086
|2.4261076728459613
|2.4208052682492384
|6.544061678771255
|4.8309999115015232
|2.4760773184461747
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
85
User's manual Vln
|29
|29
|29
|29
|29
|29
|29
|29
|29
|29
|29
|30
|30
|30
|30
|30
|30
|30
|30
|30
|30
|30
|30
|30
|31
|31
|31
|31
|31
|31
|31
|31
|31
|31
|31
|31
|32
|32
|32
|32
|32
|32
|32
|32
|32
|32
|32
|33
|33
|33
|33
|33
|33
|33
|33
|33
|33
|34
|34
|34
|34
|34
|34
|34
|34
|34
|35
|35
|35
|35
|35
|35
|35
|35
86
|32
|33
|34
|35
|36
|37
|38
|39
|40
|41
|42
|30
|31
|32
|33
|34
|35
|36
|37
|38
|39
|40
|41
|42
|31
|32
|33
|34
|35
|36
|37
|38
|39
|40
|41
|42
|32
|33
|34
|35
|36
|37
|38
|39
|40
|41
|42
|33
|34
|35
|36
|37
|38
|39
|40
|41
|42
|34
|35
|36
|37
|38
|39
|40
|41
|42
|35
|36
|37
|38
|39
|40
|41
|42
|2.5023320798622346
|2.4824094355940755
|2.4981228842554301
|2.488198369300681
|2.4934380671377402
|2.4309153553528403
|2.4565573362512301
|2.4370980138677763
|2.4524454573433552
|2.442751160537735
|2.4478696679828605
|6.1707271237227264
|2.1147920062991206
|2.1953379015385056
|2.131871225872689
|2.1802118279175011
|2.1484850361544022
|2.1646067031271434
|2.085016666566927
|2.1602288197237619
|2.1009051328362381
|2.1460378085422694
|2.1163860324524544
|2.1314358938732064
|1.2323282104497976
|1.2202870547381037
|1.2225559696375394
|1.2154935043889227
|1.2165608846760554
|1.2145204529842526
|1.2031996237216203
|1.2015946773622448
|1.2032996803580542
|1.2019727235146888
|1.2028432715393061
|1.2023401978815318
|1.2361651513325349
|1.2163480456945643
|1.2258679655308939
|1.2162081323051574
|1.2190859248477907
|1.201594677362243
|1.2068736154802502
|1.2027573660152344
|1.2062557062897426
|1.203880291900421
|1.2051150854952051
|1.2334107988343235
|1.2154310762417818
|1.2236306528295224
|1.2175610264664216
|1.2032996803580554
|1.202757366015232
|1.2042401997392773
|1.2031742118288096
|1.2042726528905322
|1.2037519584851688
|1.2356700626458467
|1.2183962852509662
|1.2252903510256848
|1.2019727235146915
|1.2062557062897414
|1.2031742118288098
|1.2064032121554474
|1.2044985159647811
|1.205735306687371
|1.2343310794499605
|1.2245431543014235
|1.2028432715393043
|1.2038802919004208
|1.2042726528905334
|1.2044985159647834
|1.2051230937694075
|1.2050855194283598
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|36
|36
|1.23508509044188
|
|36
|37
|1.2023401978815325
|
|36
|38
|1.205115085495207
|
|36
|39
|1.2037519584851664
|
|36
|40
|1.2057353066873702
|
|36
|41
|1.205085519428361
|
|36
|42
|1.2058449604893126
|
|37
|37
|1.2394951028916928
|
|37
|38
|1.226143970918992
|
|37
|39
|1.228511513889117
|
|37
|40
|1.2206812791041522
|
|37
|41
|1.2217871394603667
|
|37
|42
|1.2195282844510378
|
|38
|38
|1.2433261562076514
|
|38
|39
|1.2215411995276349
|
|38
|40
|1.231850391332477
|
|38
|41
|1.2212296451326638
|
|38
|42
|1.2243353298312518
|
|39
|39
|1.2405733252140538
|
|39
|40
|1.2204454300698102
|
|39
|41
|1.2295914209753424
|
|39
|42
|1.222794110181976
|
|40
|40
|1.2428297164183541
|
|40
|41
|1.2236378858434627
|
|40
|42
|1.2312673046623254
|
|41
|41
|1.2414910580952008
|
|41
|42
|1.2305110978627243
|
|42
|42
|1.2422441446984422
|
--------------------------------------------------------
87
8. Terms and definitions

Disk concenter is a set of coaxial coils with identical (or nearest) radial dimensions located
in an axial direction. The disk concenter can consist of continuous, interleaved, partially
interleaved coils and their combinations. A helical concenter with parallel connection of all
wires (the winding LV) also is conditionally considered as disk, and the coil is a turn of a
spiral. In case of a multilayer winding each its layer is considered as a disk concenter.
Coil is a group of the seriesly connected turns located radially and constructively separated
from other such groups by between coil (radial) ducts. In particular this duct can be equal
to zero. With the description of a geometrical structure helical (or axisymmetrical)
concenters both with parallel and with series connection of wires a turn of a spiral is
considered as a coil. Only geometrical sense is put in concept "coil", therefore electrical
parallel coils (the split coils in a disk concenter, parallel spirals in helical) are considered and
are numbered as independent coils.
Pair of coils is two row laying coils, which turns are connected seriesly under the certain
diagram. This concept is used, mainly, for interleaved pairs coils.
Coil branch is a group of the located in succession coils (pairs of coils) of one concenter
connected seriesly by way of their arrangement. This concept is applied to a disk concenter
and equated to it helical (or axisymmetrical) with parallel connection of wires, and also for a
layer of a multilayer winding. The split coils and parallel spirals are included in one branch
(except for a case, when someone wants to take into account non-uniformity of distribution
of an impulse current on parallel coils or spirals and each such coil (spiral) considers as a
parallel branch).
Examples of coil branches:
disk concenter with input on the end and series connection of all coils;
parallel branch of a disk concenter with a middle input of height;
helical concenter with parallel connection of wires;
one layer of a two-layer helical winding with parallel connection of wires;
basic part of a disk concenter with a regulating part (OFLT);
seriesly connected regulating coils of a concenter with a regulating part (OFLT).
Electrical number of a turn in the coil (pair of coils) is a number of a turn in the coil
(pair of coils), counted off along a wire from that end of the coil (pair of coils), which on
calculated diagram is accepted as a beginning of winding. For the task of a turn of the
interleaved pair it is necessary to operate with concept "number of a turn in pair of coils".
Concenter RW is a layer of helical multispiral winding with series connection all or part of
wires. It is supposed, that the number of turns in a layer for all wires is identical, and the
transpositions between wires in a layer are absent. For two-layer RW, the turns of each step
settle down in both layers, each layer is considered as a separate concenter RW.
The layer RW coincides with concept "a concenter RW" for a two-layer regulating winding
with series connection of wires.
Number of spirals RW is number of wires in an axial direction simultaneously participating
in winding, irrespective of the diagram of their connection.
Number of rows RW is number of wires in a radial direction of a concenter RW
irrespective of the diagram of their connection.
Step RW is turns of a regulating winding that live between the next regulating taps.
Electrical number of a step considers number of a part RW between the next taps that are
counted from the chosen end RW. It is supposed, that the number of turns in a step is equal
to number of turns in a spiral for single-layer RW and double number of turns in a spiral for
two-layer.
Wire RW is a parallel wire forming a step RW. Electrical number of a wire RW coincides
with electrical number of a step, which it will form. Electrical numbers of parallel wires
coincide.
Branch RW is a group of the seriesly connected steps RW. With calculation for extreme
situations of a tap-changer, when all regulating turns are connected seriesly, they will form
one branch. If the calculation is executed with a situation of a tap-changer on intermediate
tap RW, the winding is divided on two or more branch.
Outer node is a point of connection of branches (coil or RW) among themselves and with
clamps of the transformer. The connection of branches with outer nodes determines the
diagram of tests and is set by the user of the program.
Inner node is a point of division of a coil branch or branch RW on calculated elements.
Inner nodes are not set by the user and are formed in the program:
89
User's manual Vln
for coil branches on the basis of the compressed information on division of a

concenter into elements (table of groups of elements);
for branches RW with one-element its representation the inner (fictitious) node is
formed on transition between layers (two-layer RW) and on connection of parts RW,
divided by a large radial duct (in case of its presence);
for a branch RW with multielement its representation the inner nodes are formed on
taps RW and on transitions between layers of wires RW (for two-layer RW).
The program numbers inner nodes during numbering outer nodes seriesly for all coil
elements by way of their description in tab. "Parameters of groups of disk concenters
elements", and then for all steps RW by way of their description in tab. "Connection diagram
and composition of RW branches".
Group of coils is a set of the identical or equally interchanging located in succession coils
(for helical concenter - turns of a spiral) in a concenter.
Group of ducts is a set of the identical or equally interchanging located in succession radial
ducts in a concenter.
Group of elements is a set identical on quantity of coils and located in succession the
elements in a concenter. The types of coils in elements of one group can be various.
An element is a part of a concenter (coil, group of coils, layer, part of a layer, spiral or wire
RW), within the limits of which the impulse current is possible to accept identical to all
turns, and a impulse voltage is linearly varied along a wire. The set of all elements with the
account of the diagram of their connection will form an equivalent circuit.
90
9. Diagnostic messages
9.1. Errors
9.1.1. Diagnostic messages (1...50)
ERROR! CNT/ERR/001 Input data are not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/004 The required table "Cores characteristic" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/005 The required table "Parameters of main gaps" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/006 The table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/007 The required table "General parameters of concenters" is not
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/008 The required table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings
(SR)" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/009 The required table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings
(SR)" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/010 The required table "Parameters of ducts groups" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/011 The table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" is not
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/012 The table "Arrangement of steps in turn cross-section of multispiral
regulating windings (RW)" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/013 Input data of section "Structural data" are not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/014 The table "Parameters of groups of disk concenters elements" is not
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/018 The table "Connection diagram and composition of coil branches"
(Calculation diagram <>) is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/019 The table "Connection diagram and composition of RW branches"
(Calculation diagram <>) is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/021 Input data of section "Calculation diagrams" are not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/022 Input data of section "Circuit data" are not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/023 The required table "Parameters for calculation of time curves of
voltages" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/024 The required table "Parameters of the applied impulses" is not
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/025 The table "Analytical representation of applied impulses" is not
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/026 The required table "Parameters of insulation gaps" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/028 Input data of section "Testing data" are not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/029 The table "Connections of external active resistances" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/030 The table "General characteristic of external resistances types" is not
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/031 The table "Tabular definition of volt-ampere characteristics of
external resistance elements" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/034 In section "Calculation diagrams" the table "Parameters of calculation
diagram" is not specified for all diagrams
ERROR! CNT/ERR/039 In table "General characteristic of the calculation" parameters
requires of specified relative dielectric permeabilities, but table "Relative dielectric
permeabilities" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/042 In table "General characteristic of the calculation" parameter
"Calculation conditions" has unforeseen value ""
ERROR! CNT/ERR/046 In table "Relative dielectric permeabilities" required parameter
"Medium" is not specified
"Paper" is not specified
"Enamel coating" is not specified
"Spacers" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/050 In table "Relative dielectric permeabilities" required parameter "Bars
in a winding" is not specified

91
User's manual Vln
ERROR! CNT/ERR/051
In table "Relative dielectric permeabilities" required parameter "Bars between cylinders" is
not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/052
In table "Relative dielectric permeabilities" required parameter "Cylinders" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/053
In table "Cores characteristic" (row <>) parameter "Diameter of the core circumcircle" is
specified incorrectly: value < 1
ERROR! CNT/ERR/054
In table "Cores characteristic" (row <>) required parameter "Diameter of the core
circumcircle" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/055
In table "Cores characteristic" (row <>) parameter "Quantity of main gaps" is specified
incorrectly: value < 1 or value > max. permissible quantity of main gaps
ERROR! CNT/ERR/056
In table "Cores characteristic" (row <>) required parameter "Quantity of main gaps" is not
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/057
In table "Cores characteristic" (row <>) parameter "Quantity of electrostatic shields" is
specified incorrectly: neg. value or value > max. permissible quantity of electrostatic shields
ERROR! CNT/ERR/058
In table "Cores characteristic" (row <>) required parameter "Quantity of electrostatic
shields" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/059
In table "Cores characteristic" (row <>) parameter "Quantity of disk concenters" is specified
incorrectly: neg. value or value > max. permissible quantity of concenters
ERROR! CNT/ERR/060
In table "Cores characteristic" (row <>) required parameter "Quantity of disk concenters" is
not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/061
In table "Cores characteristic" (row <>) parameter "Quantity of RW concenters" is specified
incorrectly: neg. value or value > max. permissible quantity of RW concenters
ERROR! CNT/ERR/062
In table "Cores characteristic" (row <>) required parameter "Quantity of RW concenters" is
not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/063
In table "Cores characteristic" summary qt. of concenters less than <1>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/064
In table "Cores characteristic" summary qt. of concenters are overmuch. Check up
parameters "Quantity of disk concenters" and "Quantity of RW concenters"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/065
In table "Cores characteristic" (row <>) summary qt. of concenters is <0> on core
ERROR! CNT/ERR/067
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) parameter "Main gap" is specified incorrectly:
neg. value
ERROR! CNT/ERR/068
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) required parameter "Main gap" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/070
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) required parameter "Quantity of bars in a
winding" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/071
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) parameter "Width of bars in a winding" is
specified incorrectly: neg. value
ERROR! CNT/ERR/072
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) required parameter "Width of bars in a
winding" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/074
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) required parameter "Quantity of bars between
cylinders" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/075
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) parameter "Width of bars between cylinders"
is specified incorrectly: neg. value
92
ERROR! CNT/ERR/076
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) required parameter "Width of bars between
cylinders" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/081
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) parameter "Total thickness of bars in a
winding" is specified incorrectly: neg. value
ERROR! CNT/ERR/082
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) required parameter "Total thickness of bars in
a winding" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/083
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) parameter "Total thickness of pressboard
cylinders" is specified incorrectly: neg. value
ERROR! CNT/ERR/084
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) required parameter "Total thickness of
pressboard cylinders" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/085
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) parameter "Sign of the internal concenter"
has unforeseen value <>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/086
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) required parameter "Sign of the internal
concenter" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/087
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) parameter "Number of the internal concenter"
is specified incorrectly: value < 1
ERROR! CNT/ERR/088
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>, parameter "Number of the internal
concenter") ref. to indescribed concenter <> in table "General parameters of concenters" is
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/089
concenter") ref. to shield is specified, although in table "Parameters of electrostatic shields"
the shields are not described
ERROR! CNT/ERR/090
concenter") ref. to indescribed shield <> in table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" is
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/091
concenter") ref. to indescribed core <> in table "Cores characteristic" is specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/092
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) required parameter "Number of the internal
ERROR! CNT/ERR/093
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) parameter "Sign of the external concenter"
has unforeseen value <>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/094
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) required parameter "Sign of the external
ERROR! CNT/ERR/095
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) parameter "Number of the external concenter"
is specified incorrectly: value < 1
ERROR! CNT/ERR/096
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>, parameter "Number of the external
concenter") ref. to indescribed concenter <> in table "General parameters of concenters" is
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/097
concenter") ref. to shield is specified, although in table "Parameters of electrostatic shields"
the shields are not described
ERROR! CNT/ERR/098
93
User's manual Vln
concenter") ref. to indescribed shield <> in table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" is
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/099
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) "Arrangement of
axial ducts" is specified not from within to outside
ERROR! CNT/ERR/100
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) required parameter "Number of the external

ERROR! CNT/ERR/101
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) parameter "Permissible voltage 1.2/50, kV" is
ERROR! CNT/ERR/103
In table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" qt. of shields (filled rows) <> does not
correspond to the summary "Quantity of electrostatic shields" in table "Cores characteristic"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/104
In table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" (row <>) parameter "Average diameter" is
ERROR! CNT/ERR/105
In table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" (row <>) required parameter "Average
diameter" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/106
In table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" (row <>) parameter "Radial dimension on
metal" is specified incorrectly: neg. value or = 0 value
ERROR! CNT/ERR/107
In table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" (row <>) required parameter "Radial
dimension on metal" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/108
In table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" (row <>) parameter "Height" is specified
incorrectly: value < 1
ERROR! CNT/ERR/109
In table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" (row <>) required parameter "Height" is not
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/111
In table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" (row <>) required parameter "Coordinate of
the lower part" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/112
In table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" (row <>) parameter "Connection point.
Concenter number" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/113
In table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" (row <>, parameter "Connection point.
Concenter number") ref. to indescribed concenter <> in table "General parameters of
concenters" is specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/115
In table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" (row <>) parameter "Connection point. Coil
number" is specified incorrectly: <0> is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/118
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) parameter "Average diameter" is
specified incorrectly: neg. value or = 0 value
ERROR! CNT/ERR/119
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) required parameter "Average
diameter" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/120
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) parameter "Average diameter on the
bottom" is specified incorrectly: neg. value or = 0 value
ERROR! CNT/ERR/122
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) parameter "Radial dimension" is
ERROR! CNT/ERR/123
94
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) required parameter "Radial

dimension" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/124
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) parameter "Height including outer
SR" is specified incorrectly: neg. value or = 0 value
ERROR! CNT/ERR/125
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) required parameter "Height including
outer SR" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/127
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) required parameter "Coordinate of
the lower part" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/128
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) parameter "Quantity of turns" is
ERROR! CNT/ERR/129
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) required parameter "Quantity of
turns" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/130
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) parameter "Quantity of columns of
spacers" is specified incorrectly: neg. value
ERROR! CNT/ERR/131
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) required parameter "Quantity of
columns of spacers" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/132
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) parameter "Width of spacers" is
ERROR! CNT/ERR/133
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) required parameter "Width of
spacers" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/134
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) parameter "Paper shrinkage, %" is
specified incorrectly: value > 100.0%
ERROR! CNT/ERR/135
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) required parameter "Paper
shrinkage, %" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/136
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) parameter "Pressboard shrinkage,
%" is specified incorrectly: value > 100.0%
ERROR! CNT/ERR/137
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) required parameter "Pressboard
shrinkage, %" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/138
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) parameter "Winding direction" has
unforeseen value ""
ERROR! CNT/ERR/139
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) required parameter "Winding
direction" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/140
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) parameter
"Diagram sign" has unforeseen value <>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/141
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) required
parameter "Diagram sign" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/142
"Quantity of turns in a coil" is specified incorrectly: <0> for coil is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/143
parameter "Quantity of turns in a coil" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/144
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) parameter "Qt. of
interleaved parallel wires" is specified incorrectly: <0> for interleaved coil is not permissible
95
User's manual Vln
ERROR! CNT/ERR/145
parameter "Qt. of interleaved parallel wires" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/146
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) parameter "Height
on metal" is specified incorrectly: <0> is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/147
parameter "Height on metal" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/148
"Thickness of turn insulation per two sides" is specified incorrectly: <0> for coil is not
permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/149
parameter "Thickness of turn insulation per two sides" is not specified

ERROR! CNT/ERR/152
"Thickness of additional insulation per two sides" is specified incorrectly: neg. value
ERROR! CNT/ERR/154
parallel coils in the axial direction (parallel spirals)" is specified incorrectly: value < 1
ERROR! CNT/ERR/156
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>, parameter
"Arrangement of axial ducts") "Number of wire after which axial duct is located" is specified
incorrectly: <0> is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/158
"Average width of axial ducts" is specified incorrectly: neg. value or = 0 value
ERROR! CNT/ERR/160
"Proportion Bg/Eg in axial ducts" is specified incorrectly: neg. value
ERROR! CNT/ERR/162
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) not all parameters
of axial ducts ("Arrangement of axial ducts", "Average width of axial ducts", "Proportion
Bg/Eg in axial ducts") are specified simultaneously
ERROR! CNT/ERR/165
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <1>) both
parameters "Concenter number" and "Concenter name" are not specified simultaneously
ERROR! CNT/ERR/166
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) parameter "Type
number" is specified incorrectly: value < 1 or value > max. permissible quantity of types of
coils and SR
ERROR! CNT/ERR/167
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>, parameter "Type
number") ref. to indescribed type number (row) <> in table "Parameters of types of coils
and shielding rings (SR)" is specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/168
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) required
parameter "Type number" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/169
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) parameter
"Quantity" is specified incorrectly: value = 0
ERROR! CNT/ERR/170
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) required
parameter "Quantity" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/174
In table "Parameters of ducts groups" (row <1>) both parameters "Concenter number" and
"Concenter name" are not specified simultaneously
ERROR! CNT/ERR/175
96
In table "Parameters of ducts groups" (row <>) parameter "Height" is specified incorrectly
ERROR! CNT/ERR/176
In table "Parameters of ducts groups" (row <>) required parameter "Height" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/177
In table "Parameters of ducts groups" (row <>) parameter "Quantity" <> is specified, but it
exceeds summary max. permissible qt. of ducts <699> in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/178
In table "Parameters of ducts groups" (row <>) the second group of ducts with
interchanging heights is not described
ERROR! CNT/ERR/179
In table "Parameters of ducts groups" (row <> and <>) parameter "Quantity" is specified
incorrectly: qt. of ducts in both groups with interchanging heights should be equal
ERROR! CNT/ERR/180
In table "Parameters of ducts groups" (row <>) required parameter "Quantity" is not
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/182
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <>) parameter "Concenter
number" is specified incorrectly: value < 1 or value > max. permissible quantity of
concenters
ERROR! CNT/ERR/183
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <>, parameter "Concenter
number") ref. to indescribed concenter <> in table "General parameters of concenters" is
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/184
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" "Concenter number" <> repeates
ERROR! CNT/ERR/185
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <>) required parameter
"Concenter number" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/186
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <>) parameter "Number of a
RW layer" has unforeseen value <>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/187
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <>) parameter "Number of a
RW layer" is specified incorrectly. Correct sequence of description of layers for two-layer
RW: at first - inner layer <1>, then outer layer <2>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/188
"Number of a RW layer" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/189
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <>) parameter "Sign of
steps arrangement sequence" has unforeseen value <>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/191
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <> and <>) inner and outer
layers of RW have different "Sign of steps arrangement sequence"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/192
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <>) parameter "Quantity of
spirals (wires in the axial direction)" is specified incorrectly: value < 1
ERROR! CNT/ERR/193
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <>) specified "Quantity of
spirals (wires in the axial direction)" <> exceeds summary max. permissible "Quantity of
spirals (wires in the axial direction)" (rows) <100> in table "Arrangement of steps in turn
cross-section of multispiral regulating windings (RW)"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/194
spirals (wires in the axial direction)" <> exceeds "Quantity of spirals (wires in the axial
direction)" (rows) <> in table "Arrangement of steps in turn cross-section of multispiral
regulating windings (RW)"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/195
layers of RW have unequal "Quantity of spirals (wires in the axial direction)"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/196
97
User's manual Vln

"Quantity of spirals (wires in the axial direction)" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/197
turns in a spiral" is specified incorrectly: neg. value or = 0 value
ERROR! CNT/ERR/198
"Quantity of turns in a spiral" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/199
rows (wires in the radial direction)" is specified incorrectly: value < 1
ERROR! CNT/ERR/200
rows (wires in the radial direction)" <> exceeds summary max. permissible "Quantity of
rows (wires in the radial direction)" <20> in table "Arrangement of steps in turn crosssection of multispiral regulating windings (RW)"

ERROR! CNT/ERR/201
layers of RW have unequal "Quantity of rows (wires in the radial direction)"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/202
"Quantity of rows (wires in the radial direction)" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/203
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <>) parameter "Sign of RW
calculation detail" has unforeseen value <>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/205
layers of RW have unequal "Sign of RW calculation detail"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/206
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <>) parameter
"Arrangement of a transition between layers" has unforeseen value ""
ERROR! CNT/ERR/208
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" qt. of spirals <> in all regulating
concenters with nonstandartized arrangement of tap steps exceeds summary max.
permissible qt. <100> of spirals (rows) in table "Arrangement of steps in turn cross-section
of multispiral regulating windings (RW)"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/209
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" qt. of spirals <> in all regulating
concenters with nonstandartized arrangement of tap steps and summary qt. <> of spirals
(filled rows) in table "Arrangement of steps in turn cross-section of multispiral regulating
windings (RW)" does not correspond each other
ERROR! CNT/ERR/211
In table "Arrangement of steps in turn cross-section of multispiral regulating windings (RW)"
(row <>) parameter "Electr. numbers of steps in the row <>" is specified incorrectly: value
is less than <1> or exceeds the summary qt. of wires <> in RW
ERROR! CNT/ERR/212
(row <>) parameter "Electr. numbers of steps in the row <>" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/213
(row <>) parameter "Electr. numbers of steps in the row <>" is specified, although a
number of this row exceeds the summary qt. <> of rows in RW
ERROR! CNT/ERR/214
(row <>) parameter "Electr. numbers of steps in the row 1 (inner)" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/215
(row <>) any parameters "Electr. numbers of steps in the row 1 (inner)" - "Electr. numbers
of steps in the row <>" are not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/216
98

(rows <> - <>) number of tap step <> is not described
ERROR! CNT/ERR/217
(rows <> - <>) numbers of tap steps <<> - <>> are not described
ERROR! CNT/ERR/218
"Quantity of turns in a coil" is specified incorrectly: neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/219
interleaved parallel wires" is specified incorrectly: neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/220
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" the shielding rings are
described only
ERROR! CNT/ERR/221
"Quantity" <> is specified, but it exceeds max. permissible qt. of shielding rings <2> in one
group
ERROR! CNT/ERR/222
"Quantity" <> is specified, but it exceeds summary max. permissible qt. of coils <700> in
concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/223
"Quantity" <> is specified, but it exceeds summary max. permissible qt. of coils and
shielding rings <700> in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/224
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (rows <> - <>) qt. of
shielding rings arranged next to one another <> exceeds max. value <2>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/225
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (rows <> - <>) summary
qt. of coils and shielding rings in concenter <> exceeds of max. value <700>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/226
qt. of coils in concenter <> exceeds of max. value <700>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/227
qt. of shielding rings in concenter <> exceeds of max. value <700>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/228
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (rows <> - <>) in
concenter the shielding rings are described only
ERROR! CNT/ERR/229
The qt. of ducts <> in concenter (table "Parameters of ducts groups", rows <> - <>) does
not correspond to the qt. of coils and shielding rings <> (table "Parameters of groups of
coils and shielding rings (SR)", rows <> - <>)
ERROR! CNT/ERR/230
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" description of concenters
(parameter "Concenter number") is specified in not ascending order
ERROR! CNT/ERR/231
The qt. of concenters RW of core <> in table "Additional parameters of regulating
concenters" <> and table "Cores characteristic" <> does not correspond each other
ERROR! CNT/ERR/232
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" qt. of concenters is <0> on core
<>, that does not correspond to parameter "Quantity of RW concenters" <> in table "Cores
characteristic"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/233
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" disk concenters of core <> are
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/234
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (rows <> - <>) parameter "Sign
of RW calculation detail" is specified incorrectly for two-layer RW, between which layers any
other disk concenters are arranged
99
User's manual Vln
ERROR! CNT/ERR/235
In table "Parameters of groups of disk concenters elements" (row <>) parameter "Quantity
of coils in an element" is specified incorrectly: value < 1
ERROR! CNT/ERR/236
of coils in an element" <> is specified, but it exceeds summary max. permissible qt. of coils
<700> in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/237
In table "Parameters of groups of disk concenters elements" (row <>) required parameter
"Quantity of coils in an element" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/238
of elements in a group" is specified incorrectly: value < 1
ERROR! CNT/ERR/239
of elements in a group" <> is specified, but it exceeds summary max. permissible qt. of
calculation elements <1000> in all concenters
ERROR! CNT/ERR/240
In table "Parameters of groups of disk concenters elements" (row <>) required parameter
"Quantity of elements in a group" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/241
In table "Parameters of groups of disk concenters elements" summary qt. <> of calculation
elements in all concenters exceeds of max. value <1000>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/242
The summary qt. of coils in all disk concenters in table "Parameters of groups of coils and
shielding rings (SR)" <> and table "Parameters of groups of disk concenters elements" <>
does not correspond each other
ERROR! CNT/ERR/243
In table "Parameters of groups of disk concenters elements" (row <>) last coil <> of
concenter <> is not last coil of one of calculation elements
ERROR! CNT/ERR/244
In table "Parameters of groups of disk concenters elements" coil <> of concenter <> is not
described
ERROR! CNT/ERR/245
In table "Correction of capacitances of the calculation scheme" (row <>) parameter "<>
point of connection. Concenter number" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not
permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/246
In table "Correction of capacitances of the calculation scheme" (row <>, parameter "<>
point of connection. Concenter number") ref. to indescribed concenter <> in table "General
parameters of concenters" is specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/247
point of connection. Coil number" is specified incorrectly: <0> is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/248
In table "Correction of capacitances of the calculation scheme" (row <>) required
parameter "First point of connection. Coil number" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/249
parameter "First point of connection. Concenter number" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/250
In table "Correction of capacitances of the calculation scheme" (row <>) not all parameters
of 2-nd pt. of connection are specified simultaneously

ERROR! CNT/ERR/251
In table "Correction of
parameters of 1-st pt.
ERROR! CNT/ERR/252
In table "Correction of
parameter "Corrective
ERROR! CNT/ERR/253
100
capacitances of the calculation scheme" (row <>) all required

of connection are not specified
capacitances of the calculation scheme" (row <>) required
multiplier" is not specified

parameter "Corrective summand, nF" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/254
In table "Correction of capacitances of the calculation scheme" (row <>) all parameters of
1-st and 2-nd pt. of connection are equals
ERROR! CNT/ERR/255
In table "Additional inductances" (row <>) parameter "<> point of connection. Concenter
number" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/256
In table "Additional inductances" (row <>, parameter "<> point of connection. Concenter
number") ref. to indescribed concenter <> in table "General parameters of concenters" is
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/257
In table "Additional inductances" (row <>) parameter "<> point of connection. Coil
number" is specified incorrectly: <0> is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/258
In table "Additional inductances" (row <>) required parameter "First point of
connection.Coil number" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/259 In table "Additional inductances" (row <>) required parameter "First
point of connection.Concenter number." is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/260
In table "Additional inductances" (row <>) not all parameters of 2-nd pt. of connection are
specified simultaneously
ERROR! CNT/ERR/261
In table "Additional inductances" (row <>) all required parameters of 1-st pt. of connection
are not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/262
In table "Additional inductances" (row <>) required parameter "Additional inductance, uH"
is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/263
In table "Additional inductances" (row <>) parameter "Additional inductance, uH" is
specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/264
In table "Additional inductances" (row <>) all parameters of 1-st and 2-nd pt. of connection
are equals
ERROR! CNT/ERR/266
In table "Parameters of calculation diagram" (Calculation diagram <>) parameter
"Calculation modes related to the present diagram" is specified incorrectly: values in
parenthesises <>-<> are specified in not ascending order
ERROR! CNT/ERR/267
"Calculation modes related to the present diagram" is specified syntactically incorrectly
ERROR! CNT/ERR/268
"Calculation modes related to the present diagram" is specified incorrectly: mode num. <>
exceeds of max. permissible value <20>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/269
"Calculation modes related to the present diagram" is specified incorrectly: mode num. <>
is missing in table "Parameters for calculation of time curves of voltages"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/270
In table "Parameters of calculation diagram" (Calculation diagram <>, parameter
"Calculation modes related to the present diagram") mode num. <> is repeated
ERROR! CNT/ERR/271
"Calculation modes related to the present diagram" is specified incorrectly: values <>-<>
are specified in not ascending order
ERROR! CNT/ERR/272
In table "Connection diagram and composition of coil branches" (Calculation diagram <>,
row <>) parameter "Concenter number" is specified incorrectly: value < 1 or value > max.
permissible quantity of concenters
ERROR! CNT/ERR/273
101
User's manual Vln
row <>) ref. to indescribed concenter <> in table "General parameters of concenters" is
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/274
rows <> - <>) ref. to concenter <> is specified, but it is not disk concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/277
row <>) parameter "Concenter number" for the first branch of concenter is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/278
The order of description of disk concenters in table "Connection diagram and composition of
coil branches" (Calculation diagram <>) and table "General parameters of concenters" does
not correspond each other
ERROR! CNT/ERR/279
row <>) parameter "Number of the extreme upper coil of the branch" is specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/280
row <>) parameter "Number of the extreme upper coil of the branch" <> exceeds summary
max. permissible qt. <700> of coils in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/281
row <>) parameter "Number of the extreme upper coil of the branch" is specified
incorrectly: coil number for the first branch of concenter should be <1> equal
ERROR! CNT/ERR/283
row <>) required parameter "Number of the extreme upper coil of the branch" is not
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/284
row <>) parameter "Number of the extreme lower coil of the branch" is specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/285
row <>) parameter "Number of the extreme lower coil of the branch" <> exceeds summary
max. permissible qt. <700> of coils in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/286
row <>) the number of lower coil less than number of upper coil: the coil numeration
should be specified from top to bottom
ERROR! CNT/ERR/287
row <>) "Number of the extreme lower coil of the branch" in last branch of concenter is not
equal to the summary qt. of coils <> in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/288
row <>) required parameter "Number of the extreme lower coil of the branch" is not
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/289
In table "Connection diagram and composition of coil branches" (Calculation diagram <>)
"Concenter number" <> repeates
ERROR! CNT/ERR/290
concenter <> is not described
ERROR! CNT/ERR/291
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" the RW concenter <> is
composed of the coils of types <> and <> with different wires: the regular structure of
concenter is permissible only
ERROR! CNT/ERR/292
coils <>-<> of concenter <> are not described. Check up parameters "Number of the
102
extreme lower coil of the branch" (row <>) and "Number of the extreme upper coil of the
branch" (row <>)
ERROR! CNT/ERR/293
coil <> of concenter <> is not described. Check up parameters "Number of the extreme
lower coil of the branch" (row <>) and "Number of the extreme upper coil of the branch"
(row <>)
ERROR! CNT/ERR/294
coils <>-<> of concenter <> are repeatedly described. Check up parameters "Number of
the extreme lower coil of the branch" (row <>) and "Number of the extreme upper coil of
the branch" (row <>)
ERROR! CNT/ERR/295
coil <> of concenter <> is repeatedly described. Check up parameters "Number of the
extreme lower coil of the branch" (row <>) and "Number of the extreme upper coil of the
branch" (row <>)
ERROR! CNT/ERR/296
row <>) parameter "Number of the extreme upper coil of the branch" <> exceeds summary
qt. <> of coils in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/297
row <>) parameter "Number of the extreme lower coil of the branch" <> exceeds summary
qt. <> of coils in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/299
row <>) required parameter "Upper node" is not specified

ERROR! CNT/ERR/301
row <>) required parameter "Lower node" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/302
row <>) the upper and lower nodes of branch have the same sign
ERROR! CNT/ERR/304
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <>) "Quantity of rows (wires
in the radial direction)" is not divisible by "Quantity of turns in a coil" <> (table "Parameters
of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)", row <>)
ERROR! CNT/ERR/305
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <>) "Quantity of spirals
(wires in the axial direction)" is not divisible by qt. of parallel spirals in the axial direction
<> (table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)", row <>)
ERROR! CNT/ERR/306
(row <>) parameter "Electr. numbers of steps in the row <>" <> exceeds summary qt. <>
of tap steps in concenter <>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/307
(rows <> - <>, RW concenter <>) "Electr. numbers of steps in the row <>" <> are
repeated not <> times, but <> times, where <> is qt. of parallel spirals in table
"Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/308
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) the described main gap (in accordance with
parameters of table "Cores characteristic") relate to core <>, but concenter <>, specified
as "Number of the internal concenter", does not relate to this core
ERROR! CNT/ERR/309
parameters of table "Cores characteristic") relate to core <>, but shield <>, specified as
"Number of the internal concenter", does not relate to this core
ERROR! CNT/ERR/310
103
User's manual Vln
concenter") number of shield <> is specified incorrectly, because in table "Cores
characteristic" any shields of core <> are not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/311
parameters of table "Cores characteristic") relate to core <>, but in "Number of the internal
concenter" the <-th> core is specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/312
parameters of table "Cores characteristic") relate to core <>, but concenter <>, specified
as "Number of the external concenter", does not relate to this core
ERROR! CNT/ERR/313
parameters of table "Cores characteristic") relate to core <>, but shield <>, specified as
"Number of the external concenter", does not relate to this core
ERROR! CNT/ERR/314
concenter") number of shield <> is specified incorrectly, because in table "Cores
characteristic" any shields of core <> are not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/315
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>, parameter
"Arrangement of axial ducts") "Sign of duct between parallel wires with identical electric
numbers of turns" has unforeseen value
ERROR! CNT/ERR/316
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) parameters "Number of the internal
concenter" and "Number of the external concenter" are equals
ERROR! CNT/ERR/317
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) for shielding ring
not permissible "Thickness of additional insulation per two sides" <0> is specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/318
(rows <> - <>) the not permissible arrangement of tap steps in row <> of RW concenter
<> is specified. In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" for this concenter,
the group of parallel, arranged next to one another spirals is specified as one calculation
element, therefore the all parallel spirals of the same row should arrange next to one
another and should have equal number of tap step
ERROR! CNT/ERR/319
In table "Connection diagram and composition of RW branches" (Calculation diagram <>,
row <>) parameter "Concenter number" is specified incorrectly: value < 1 or value > max.
permissible quantity of concenters
ERROR! CNT/ERR/320
row <>) ref. to indescribed concenter <> in table "General parameters of concenters" is
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/321
rows <> - <>) ref. to concenter <> is specified, but it is not regulating concenter or disk
concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/322
rows <> - <>) ref. to indescribed concenter <> in table "Additional parameters of
regulating concenters" is specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/323
rows <> - <>) parameter "Concenter number" <> is specified incorrectly: this concenter is
outer layer of two-layer RW. Replace this number by the number of the concenter of inner
layer
ERROR! CNT/ERR/324
In table "Connection diagram and composition of RW branches" (Calculation diagram <>)
"Concenter number" <> repeates
ERROR! CNT/ERR/326
104

row <>) parameter "Concenter number" for the first branch of concenter is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/327
The order of description of regulating concenters in table "Connection diagram and
composition of RW branches" (Calculation diagram <>) and table "General parameters of
concenters" does not correspond each other
ERROR! CNT/ERR/328
concenter <> is not described
ERROR! CNT/ERR/329
row <>) parameter "Electr. number of the tapping step connected to the upper end of the
branch" is specified incorrectly: value < 1
ERROR! CNT/ERR/330
In table "Parameters of insulation gaps" (row <>) "Gap designation" "" repeates
ERROR! CNT/ERR/331
branch" <> exceeds summary qt. <> of tap steps in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/332
row <>) required parameter "Electr. number of the tapping step connected to the upper
end of the branch" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/333
row <>) parameter "Electr. number of the tapping step connected to the lower end of the
branch" is specified incorrectly: value < 1
ERROR! CNT/ERR/334
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" whole layer of regulating
concenter <> is described as one calculation element, but in table "Connection diagram and
composition of RW branches" (Calculation diagram <>, rows <> - <>) for this concenter
greater than 1 branch is specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/335
In table "Parameters for calculation of time curves of voltages" (row <>) parameter
"Number of the applied impulse" is specified incorrectly: neg. value or = 0 value or value >
max. permissible quantity of applied impulses
ERROR! CNT/ERR/336
In table "Parameters for calculation of time curves of voltages" (row <>, parameter
"Number of the applied impulse") ref. to indescribed number of impulse <> in table
"Parameters of the applied impulses" is specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/337
In table "Parameters for calculation of time curves of voltages" (row <>) required
parameter "Number of the applied impulse" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/338
"Account of external active resistances" has unforeseen value <>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/340
In table "Parameters for calculation of time curves of voltages" (row <>) parameter "Initial
point of the time interval, us (us=1E-6s)" is specified incorrectly: neg. value
ERROR! CNT/ERR/341
In table "Parameters for calculation of time curves of voltages" (row <>) parameter "Initial
point of the time interval, us (us=1E-6s)" is not <0> specified for calculation with external
resistances
ERROR! CNT/ERR/343
In table "Parameters of groups of disk concenters elements" coils <>-<> of concenter <>
are not described
ERROR! CNT/ERR/344
(row <>) the not permissible arrangement of tap steps in rows of RW concenter <> is
specified. In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" for this concenter, the
spiral (group of parallel spirals) is specified as one calculation element, therefore the
105
User's manual Vln
arranged next to one another spirals of the different rows should have equal number of tap
step
ERROR! CNT/ERR/345
In table "Parameters for calculation of time curves of voltages" (row <>) parameter "Final
point of the time interval, us (us=1E-6s)" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not
permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/346
In table "Parameters for calculation of time curves of voltages" (row <>) "Final point of the
time interval, us (us=1E-6s)" less or equal to "Initial point of the time interval, us (us=1E6s)"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/347
parameter "Final point of the time interval, us (us=1E-6s)" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/348
In table "Parameters for calculation of time curves of voltages" (row <>) parameter "Time
step, us (us=1E-6s)" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/349
In table "Parameters for calculation of time curves of voltages" (row <>) "Time step, us
(us=1E-6s)" exceeds difference of "Final point of the time interval, us (us=1E-6s)" and
"Initial point of the time interval, us (us=1E-6s)"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/350
parameter "Time step, us (us=1E-6s)" is not specified

ERROR! CNT/ERR/351
In table "Parameters for calculation of time curves of voltages" (row <>) the qt. <> of
points of the curve within time interval exceeds of max. permissible value <5001>. Check
up parameters "Initial point of the time interval, us (us=1E-6s)", "Final point of the time
interval, us (us=1E-6s)" and "Time step, us (us=1E-6s)"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/352
"Number of the initial calculation gap" is specified incorrectly: neg. value or = 0 value or
value > max. permissible quantity of insulation gaps
ERROR! CNT/ERR/353
In table "Parameters for calculation of time curves of voltages" (row <>) "Number of the
initial calculation gap" <> exceeds summary qt. <> of described gaps in table "Parameters
of insulation gaps"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/355
"Number of the final calculation gap" is specified incorrectly: neg. value or = 0 value or
value > max. permissible quantity of insulation gaps
ERROR! CNT/ERR/356
final calculation gap" <> exceeds summary qt. <> of described gaps in table "Parameters
of insulation gaps"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/358
final calculation gap" less than "Number of the initial calculation gap"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/359
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" (row <>) parameter "Impulse number" is
specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/360
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" (row <>) required parameter "Impulse
number" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/361
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" (row <>) parameter "Impulse type" has
unforeseen value ""
ERROR! CNT/ERR/362
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" (row <>) required parameter "Impulse type"
is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/363
106
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" (row <>) parameter "Duration of the front, us
(us=1E-6s)" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/365
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" (row <>) parameter "Duration of the
halfdroop, us (us=1E-6s)" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/367
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" (row <>) parameter "CW time of chopping, us
(us=1E-6s)" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/369
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" (row <>) parameter "CW factor under shoot"
is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/371
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" (row <>) parameter "Circular frequency after
CW chopping, rad/us (us=1E-6s)" is specified incorrectly: <0> is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/373
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" (row <>) parameter "Test impulse amplitude,
kV" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/375
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" (row <>) parameter "Duration of the front,
us" is not specified for "FW" impulse
OR:
us" is not specified for "CW" impulse
OR:
us" is not specified for "SI" impulse
OR:
us" is not specified for "FR" impulse
ERROR! CNT/ERR/376
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" "Impulse number" <> repeates
ERROR! CNT/ERR/377
In table "Analytical representation of applied impulses" (row <>) parameter "Impulse
number" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/378
In table "Analytical representation of applied impulses" (row <>, parameter "Impulse
number") ref. to indescribed number of impulse <> in table "Parameters of the applied
impulses" is specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/379
In table "Analytical representation of applied impulses" (row <>, "Impulse number") ref. to
nonanalytically represented impulse <> in table "Parameters of the applied impulses" is
specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/380
In table "Analytical representation of applied impulses" (row <>) required parameter
"Impulse number" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/381
In table "Analytical representation of applied impulses" (row <>) parameter "Function type
number" has unforeseen value <>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/382
"Function type number" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/383
"Parameter A of the function" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/384
"Parameter B of the function, 1/us (us=1E-6s)" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/385
"Parameter C of the function, 1/us (us=1E-6s)" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/386
107
User's manual Vln
In table "Analytical representation of applied impulses" (row <>) parameter "Function

switching-on time, us (us=1E-6s)" is specified incorrectly: neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/387
"Function switching-on time, us (us=1E-6s)" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/388
In table "Analytical representation of applied impulses" the rows with "Impulse number" <>
is not sequentially arranged
ERROR! CNT/ERR/389
In table "Analytical representation of applied impulses" nonanalytically represented impulse
<> is not described
ERROR! CNT/ERR/390
point of connection. Coil number" <> exceeds summary qt. <> of coils in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/391
In table "Correction of capacitances of the calculation scheme" (row <>, parameter "<>
point of connection. Coil number") number of tap step <> exceeds summary qt. <> of tap
steps in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/392
In table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" (row <>) parameter "Connection point. Coil
number" <> exceeds summary qt. <> of coils in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/393
In table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" (row <>, parameter "Connection point. Coil
number") number of tap step <> exceeds summary qt. <> of tap steps in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/394
In table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" (row <>) not all parameters of pt. of
connection are specified simultaneously
ERROR! CNT/ERR/395
In table "Permissible voltages of tapchanger gaps" (row <>) "Gap designation" "" repeates
ERROR! CNT/ERR/396
In table "Permissible voltages of tapchanger gaps" (row <>) parameter "Permissible voltage
1.2/50, kV" is specified incorrectly: neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/397
In table "Permissible voltages of tapchanger gaps" (row <>) required parameter
"Permissible voltage 1.2/50, kV" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/398
In table "Permissible voltages of tapchanger gaps" (row <>) required parameter "Gap
designation" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/399
In table "Connections of external active resistances" (row <>) parameter "Number of the
resistance type" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/400
In table "Connections of external active resistances" (row <>) ref. to indescribed resistance
type num. (row) <> in table "General characteristic of external resistances types" is
specified

ERROR! CNT/ERR/401
In table "Connections of external active resistances" (row <>) parameter "<> point of
connection. Concenter number" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/402
In table "Connections of external active resistances" (row <>, parameter "<> point of
connection. Concenter number") ref. to indescribed concenter <> in table "General
parameters of concenters" is specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/403
connection. Coil number" is specified incorrectly: <0> is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/404
connection. Coil number" <> exceeds summary qt. <> of coils in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/405
108
In table "Connections of external active resistances" (row <>, parameter "<> point of
connection. Coil number") number <> of tap step exceeds summary qt. <> of tap steps in
concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/406
In table "Connections of external active resistances" (row <>) required parameter "First
point of connection. Coil number" is not specified
Message 407
In table "Connections of external active resistances" (row <>) required parameter "First
point of connection. Concenter number" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/408
In table "Connections of external active resistances" (row <>) not all parameters of 2-nd
pt. of connection are specified simultaneously
ERROR! CNT/ERR/409
In table "Connections of external active resistances" (row <>) all parameters of 1-st and 2nd pt. of connection are equals
ERROR! CNT/ERR/410
In table "Connections of external active resistances" (row <>) both required parameters of
1-st pt. of connection are not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/411
In table "Connections of external active resistances" (row <>) required parameter "Number
of the resistance type" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/412
In table "Additional inductances" (row <>) parameter "<> point of connection. Coil
number" <> exceeds summary qt. <> of coils in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/413
In table "Additional inductances" (row <>, parameter "<> point of connection. Coil
number") number of tap step <> exceeds summary qt. <> of tap steps in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/414
In table "General characteristic of external resistances types" (row <>) parameter "The way
of volt-ampere characteristic specification" has unforeseen value ""
ERROR! CNT/ERR/415
In table "General characteristic of external resistances types" (row <>) required parameter
"The way of volt-ampere characteristic specification" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/416
In table "General characteristic of external resistances types" (row <>) parameter
"Switching-on time relatively to initiation of a test impulse, us (us=1E-6s)" is specified
incorrectly: neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/418
"Switching-on voltage, kV" is specified incorrectly: neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/420
In table "General characteristic of external resistances types" (row <>) parameter "Quantity
of elements in a resistance" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/423
"Parameter X of volt-ampere characteristic" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/424
"Endpoint voltage of volt-ampere characteristic function" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/425
In table "General characteristic of external resistances types" (row <>) parameters of voltampere characteristic are specified incorrectly: a current through an element exceeds
100kA under voltage limitation. Check up parameters "Parameter K of volt-ampere
characteristic or active resistance, Ohm", "Parameter X of volt-ampere characteristic",
"Endpoint voltage of volt-ampere characteristic function"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/426
of points of tabular volt-ampere characteristic" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is
not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/427
In table "General characteristic of external resistances types" (row <>) "Quantity of points
of tabular volt-ampere characteristic" exceeds summary max. permissible value <100>
109
User's manual Vln
ERROR! CNT/ERR/429
of points of tabular volt-ampere characteristic" is not specified: it is required parameter
under tabular definition of volt-ampere characteristic
ERROR! CNT/ERR/430
In table "General characteristic of external resistances types" summary qt. <> of points of
volt-ampere characteristic is specified, but it is not correspond to row qt. of table "Tabular
definition of volt-ampere characteristics of external resistance elements"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/431
In table "Tabular definition of volt-ampere characteristics of external resistance elements"
(row <>) parameter "Voltage on the element, kV" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg.
value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/432
(row <>) required parameter "Voltage on the element, kV" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/433
(row <>) parameter "Current through the element, A" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg.
ERROR! CNT/ERR/434
(row <>) required parameter "Current through the element, A" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/435
branch" is specified incorrectly for 1-st branch of RW (concenter <>): under middle input
(table "General parameters of concenters") the number <1> should be specified for the tap
step connected to the upper end of the 1-st branch
ERROR! CNT/ERR/436
branch" is specified incorrectly for 1-st branch of two-layer RW (concenter <>): when
"Arrangement of a transition between layers" is bottom (table "Additional parameters of
regulating concenters"), than the number <1> should be specified for the tap step
connected to the upper end of the 1-st branch
ERROR! CNT/ERR/437
branch" is specified incorrectly for last branch of two-layer RW (concenter <>): when
"Arrangement of a transition between layers" is top (table "Additional parameters of
regulating concenters"), than the number <1> should be specified for the tap step
connected to the lower end of the last branch
ERROR! CNT/ERR/438
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (rows <>, <>) "Qt. of
parallel coils in the axial direction (parallel spirals)" are not equals specified for inner and
outer layers (concenters <> and <>) of two-layer RW: the equal qt. of axial parallel wires
are permissible for both layers only
ERROR! CNT/ERR/439
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (rows <>, <>) "Quantity of
turns in a coil" are not equals specified for inner and outer layers (concenters <> and <>)
of two-layer RW: the equal "Quantity of turns in a coil" are permissible for both layers only
ERROR! CNT/ERR/440
branch" is specified incorrectly for last branch of RW (concenter <>): under middle input
(table "General parameters of concenters") the qt. <> of tap steps in this concenter should
be specified as number of tap step connected to the lower end of the last branch
ERROR! CNT/ERR/441
branch" is specified incorrectly for last branch of two-layer RW (concenter <>): when
"Arrangement of a transition between layers" is bottom (table "Additional parameters of
110
regulating concenters"), than the qt. <> of tap steps in this concenter should be specified
for the tap step connected to the lower end of the last branch
ERROR! CNT/ERR/442
branch" is specified incorrectly for 1-st branch of two-layer RW (concenter <>): when
"Arrangement of a transition between layers" is top (table "Additional parameters of
regulating concenters"), than the qt. <> of tap steps in this concenter should be specified
for the tap step connected to the upper end of the 1-st branch
ERROR! CNT/ERR/443
rows <>, <>) the number of 1-st tap step of concenter <> is not <1>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/444
rows <>, <>) the number of last tap step of concenter <> is not equal to qt. of tap steps
<> in this concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/445
branch" is specified incorrectly for 1-st branch of RW (concenter <>): the number <1>
should be specified for the tap step connected to the upper end of the 1-st branch
ERROR! CNT/ERR/446
branch" is specified incorrectly for last branch of RW (concenter <>): the qt. <> of tap
steps in this concenter should be specified as number of tap step connected to the lower
end of the last branch
ERROR! CNT/ERR/447
branch" is specified incorrectly for 1-st branch of RW (concenter <>): the qt. <> of tap
steps in this concenter should be specified as number of tap step connected to the upper
end of the 1-st branch
ERROR! CNT/ERR/448
branch" is specified incorrectly for last branch of RW (concenter <>): the number <1>
should be specified for the tap step connected to the lower end of the last branch
ERROR! CNT/ERR/449
tap steps <>-<> of concenter <> are not described. Check up parameters "Electr. number
of the tapping step connected to the lower end of the branch" (row <>) and "Electr. number
of the tapping step connected to the upper end of the branch" (row <>)
ERROR! CNT/ERR/450
tap step <> of concenter <> is not described. Check up parameters "Electr. number of the
tapping step connected to the lower end of the branch" (row <>) and "Electr. number of the
tapping step connected to the upper end of the branch" (row <>)

ERROR! CNT/ERR/451
tap steps <>-<> of concenter <> are repeatedly described. Check up parameters "Electr.
number of the tapping step connected to the lower end of the branch" (row <>) and "Electr.
number of the tapping step connected to the upper end of the branch" (row <>)
ERROR! CNT/ERR/452
tap step <> of concenter <> is repeatedly described. Check up parameters "Electr. number
of the tapping step connected to the lower end of the branch" (row <>) and "Electr. number
of the tapping step connected to the upper end of the branch" (row <>)
ERROR! CNT/ERR/453
111
User's manual Vln

the electrical tap steps numbers (lower tap step <> of branch <> and upper tap step <> of
branchs <>) differ not by 1
ERROR! CNT/ERR/454
branch" <> exceeds summary qt. <> of tap steps in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/455
row <>) "Electr. number of the tapping step connected to the lower end of the branch" less
than "Electr. number of the tapping step connected to the upper end of the branch": the tap
steps numeration should be specified from top to bottom
ERROR! CNT/ERR/456
row <>) "Electr. number of the tapping step connected to the upper end of the branch" less
than "Electr. number of the tapping step connected to the lower end of the branch": the tap
steps numeration should be specified from bottom to top
ERROR! CNT/ERR/458
row <>) required parameter "Extreme node of the upper end of branch" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/460
row <>) required parameter "Extreme node of the lower end of branch" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/461
row <>) connection nodes of the upper and lower ends of branch have the same sign
ERROR! CNT/ERR/462
row <>) required parameter "Electr. number of the tapping step connected to the lower end
of the branch" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/465
In table "Parameters of insulation gaps" (row <>) required parameter "Gap designation" is
not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/466
In table "Parameters of insulation gaps" (row <1>) all required parameters of 1-st point of
gap are not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/467
In table "Parameters of insulation gaps" (row <1>) required parameter "The first point of
gap. Number of a concenter" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/468
In table "Parameters of insulation gaps" (row <>) parameter "The first point of gap.
Number of a concenter" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/469
In table "Parameters of insulation gaps" (row <>, parameter "The <> point of gap. Number
of a concenter") ref. to indescribed concenter <> in table "General parameters of
concenters" is specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/470
In table "Parameters of insulation gaps" (row <>) parameter "The <> point of gap. Number
of a concenter" <> is specified incorrectly: this concenter is outer layer of two-layer RW.
Replace this number by the number of the concenter of inner layer
ERROR! CNT/ERR/471
In table "Parameters of insulation gaps" (row <>) parameter "The second point of gap.
Number of a concenter" is specified incorrectly: neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/472
Number of a coil (RW tapping step)" is specified incorrectly: <0> value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/473
Number of a coil (RW tapping step)" is specified incorrectly: neg. value is permissible only
for coil with contra-shields in disk concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/474
112
Number of a coil (RW tapping step)" <0> is specified incorrectly: <0> is permissible, when
the concenter number is <0> only
ERROR! CNT/ERR/475
Number of a coil (RW tapping step)" is specified incorrectly: under concenter number <0> it
is value also <0> should be specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/476
a coil (RW tapping step)" <> is exceeds summary qt. <> of coils in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/477
In table "Parameters of insulation gaps" (row <>, parameter "The <> point of gap. Number
a coil (RW tapping step)") number <> of tap step is exceeds summary qt. <> of tap steps
in concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/478
In table "Parameters of insulation gaps" (row <1>) required parameter "The first point of
gap. Number of a coil (RW tapping step)" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/479
Number of a turn in a coil (pair of coils, tap. step)" is specified incorrectly: <0> is not
permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/480
Number of a turn in a coil (pair of coils, tap. step)" <0> is specified incorrectly: <0> is
permissible, when the concenter number is <0> only
ERROR! CNT/ERR/481
Number of a turn in a coil (pair of coils, tap. step)" is specified incorrectly: under concenter
number <0> it is value also <0> should be specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/482
of a turn in a coil (pair of coils, tap. step)" <> in interleaved coil <> of concenter <>
exceeds summary qt. <> of turns in pair of coils
ERROR! CNT/ERR/483
of a turn in a coil (pair of coils, tap. step)" <> in coil <> of concenter <> exceeds summary
qt. <> of turns in coil
ERROR! CNT/ERR/484
of a turn in a coil (pair of coils, tap. step)" <> in tap step of concenter <> exceeds
summary qt. <> of turns in tap step
ERROR! CNT/ERR/485
In table "Parameters of insulation gaps" (row <1>) parameter "The first point of gap.
Number of a turn in a coil (pair of coils, tap. step)" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/486
of a concenter" is exceeds of max. permissible value <40>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/489
In table "Parameters of insulation gaps" (row <>) duct number <> in concenter <> is
exceeds the summary qt. <> of ducts in this concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/490
In table "Parameters of insulation gaps" (row <>, parameter "Number of a duct between
coils in the concenter or of a gap between concenters" <>) "Total thickness of angle rings in
the duct between coils" <> (two first digits of fractional part: first digit - integer part;
second digit - fractional part of thickness) is exceeds the height <> of this duct
ERROR! CNT/ERR/491
In table "Parameters of insulation gaps" (row <>) parameter "Number of a duct between
coils in the concenter or of a gap between concenters" is specified incorrectly: "Total
thickness of angle rings in the duct between coils" (two first digits of fractional part) =<00>
is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/492
113
User's manual Vln
coils in the concenter or of a gap between layers" is specified incorrectly: "Sign of angle
rings arrangement in the duct between coils" (third digit of fractional part) has unforeseen
value <>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/493
coils in the concenter or of a gap between layers" is corresponds (in this case) to the
number <> of main gap between concenters, but is exceeds summary qt. <> of main gaps
ERROR! CNT/ERR/494
coils in the concenter or of a gap between layers" is specified incorrectly: the fractional part
("Total thickness of angle rings in the duct between coils" and "Sign of angle rings
arrangement in the duct between coils") for gap between concenters is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/495
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <>) for regulating concenter
<> with middle input the double (product of "Quantity of spirals (wires in the axial
direction)" and "Quantity of turns in a spiral" + "Quantity of spirals with increased quantity
of turns", if specified) =<> does not correspond to the summary qt. <> of coils in table
"Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/496
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" for regulating concenter <> with
<> parallel spirals not permissible "Sign of steps arrangement sequence" =<> (standard
arrangement) is specified. For this concenter under "Sign of RW calculation detail" <>, the
standard arrangement does not exist
ERROR! CNT/ERR/497
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <>) for regulating concenter
<> the product of "Quantity of spirals (wires in the axial direction)" and "Quantity of turns
in a spiral" + "Quantity of spirals with increased quantity of turns", if specified =<> does
not correspond to the summary qt. <> of coils in table "Parameters of groups of coils and
shielding rings (SR)"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/498
"Account of external active resistances" =<> is specified, but "Test impulse amplitude, kV"
is missing in table "Parameters of the applied impulses"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/499
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" (row <>) "Test impulse amplitude, kV" is not
specified, so the calculation of safety factors of gaps impossible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/500
In table "General parameters of concenters" (row <>) parameter "Winding direction" ="M"
for regulating concenter is not permissible

ERROR! CNT/ERR/501
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (rows <> - <>) concenter
<> with middle input has odd summary qt. <> of coils
ERROR! CNT/ERR/502
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) the qt. of turns in
one section of interleaved layer edge-on type RW (ILM, IL) less than <2> is specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/503
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) qt. <> of axial
ducts exceeds possible qt. <>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/504
In table "Parameters of main gaps" (row <>) summary thickness of paper insulation,
winding bars and cylinders <> exceeds "Main gap" <>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/505
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" not permissible separation
of coils of concenter <> by groups is specified: qt. <> of coils in group (row <>) of this
concenter is not divisible by "Qt. of parallel coils in the axial direction (parallel spirals)" <>
(table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)")
ERROR! CNT/ERR/507
In table "Parameters of ducts groups" (regulating concenter <>) greater than <1>
geometrical gaps (radial ducts with heights > <100.000> mm) are specified
114
ERROR! CNT/ERR/508
In table "Parameters of ducts groups" (regulating concenter <> with middle input)
geometrical gap (radial duct with height > <100.000> mm) not in the middle specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/510
In table "General parameters of concenters" the "Average diameter" of internal concenter
<> is less than "Diameter of the core circumcircle"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/512
In table "General parameters of concenters" the "Average diameter on the bottom" of
internal concenter <> is less than "Diameter of the core circumcircle"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/514
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) parameter "Height
on metal" is specified incorrectly: for shielding ring neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/515
parallel coils in the axial direction (parallel spirals)" is specified incorrectly: for shielding ring
<1> is permissible only
ERROR! CNT/ERR/517
The concenters <> and <> are mutually intersect. Check up parameters "Average
diameter", "Average diameter on the bottom", "Radial dimension", "Height including outer
SR", "Coordinate of the lower part" in table "General parameters of concenters"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/518
In section "Calculation diagrams" unequal qt. of branches of concenter <> for all diagrams
is specified

ERROR! CNT/ERR/552
row <>) signs of nodes does not correspond to "Winding direction" of concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/553
row <>) signs of nodes does not correspond to "Winding direction" of concenter
ERROR! CNT/ERR/554
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" (row <>) the ratio of division the parameter
"Duration of the halfdroop, us (us=1E-6s)" <> to the parameter "Duration of the front, us
(us=1E-6s)" <> is not permissible: it is should be <3.0> at least
ERROR! CNT/ERR/555
the both middle coils of concenter <> with middle input should be arrange in different
branches
ERROR! CNT/ERR/556
In the table "Connection diagram and composition of coil branches" (Calculation diagram
<>, row <>) the upper coil of the branch of concenter <> is not the first coil of the
calculation element corresponding to the table "Parameters of groups of disk concenters
elements"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/557
In the table "Connection diagram and composition of coil branches" (Calculation diagram
<>, row <>) the lower coil of the branch of concenter <> is not the last coil of the
calculation element corresponding to the table "Parameters of groups of disk concenters
elements"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/558
In the table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" not permissible
arrangement of shielding ring in the concenter <> is specified: adjacent to the shielding
ring coils <> and <> are not connected one to another (Calculation diagram <>, table
"Connection diagram and composition of coil branches": row <>, parameter "Lower node"
and row <>, parameter "Upper node")
ERROR! CNT/ERR/559
In the table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) arrangement
of shielding ring with type number <> in the concenter <> is specified incorrectly: not less
then <> coils should be disposed over this shielding ring in sequence
ERROR! CNT/ERR/560
115
User's manual Vln
In the table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) arrangement
of shielding ring with type number <> in the concenter <> is specified incorrectly: not less
then <> coils should be disposed under this shielding ring in sequence
ERROR! CNT/ERR/561
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (rows <>, <>) for
concenter <> not permissible combination of groups arrangement with "Diagram sign" <>
and <3> is specified. The coils with "Diagram sign" <0> is permissible over shielding ring
with "Diagram sign" <3> only
OR:
concenter <> not permissible combination of groups arrangement with "Diagram sign" <>
and <5> is specified. The coils with "Diagram sign" <0> is permissible over shielding ring
ERROR! CNT/ERR/562
concenter <> not permissible combination of groups arrangement with "Diagram sign" <4>
and <> is specified. The coils with "Diagram sign" <0> is permissible under shielding ring
OR:
concenter <> not permissible combination of groups arrangement with "Diagram sign" <6>
and <> is specified. The coils with "Diagram sign" <0> is permissible under shielding ring
ERROR! CNT/ERR/567
In the table "Parameters of groups of disk concenters elements" not permissible separation
of concenter <> on calculation elements is specified: calculation element <> of the
concenter includes coils, that have different "Diagram sign" in the table "Parameters of
types of coils and shielding rings (SR)"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/568
of concenter <> on calculation elements is specified: coils <> and <> of one interleaved
pair of coil belong to different calculation elements
ERROR! CNT/ERR/569
of concenter <> on calculation elements is specified: parallel coils <> and <> belong to
different calculation elements
ERROR! CNT/ERR/588
The separation of concenter <> by branches in "Calculation diagram <>" and "Calculation
diagram <>" does not correspond each other. Check up parameters "Number of the
extreme upper coil of the branch" and "Number of the extreme lower coil of the branch" in
tables "Connection diagram and composition of coil branches" for each branch
ERROR! CNT/ERR/589
The separation of regulating concenter <> by branches in "Calculation diagram <>" and
"Calculation diagram <>" does not correspond each other. Check up parameters "Electr.
number of the tapping step connected to the upper end of the branch" and "Electr. number
of the tapping step connected to the lower end of the branch" in tables "Connection diagram
and composition of RW branches" for each branch
ERROR! CNT/ERR/590
Any source of test impulse is not found (Calculation diagram <>). The source of test
impulse should be specified at least once as node in tables "Connection diagram and
composition of coil branches" and "Connection diagram and composition of RW branches"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/592
In table "Parameters of calculation diagram" (Calculation diagram <>) required parameter
"Designation of calculation diagram" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/593
In tables "Connection diagram and composition of coil branches" and "Connection diagram
and composition of RW branches" (Calculation diagram <>) any grounded node and node of
source of test impulse are not found
ERROR! CNT/ERR/598
In table "Cores characteristic" (row <>) parameter "Magnetizing inductance per turn L0,
mH" is specified incorrectly: neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/600
116

"Calculation conditions" has unforeseen value ""

ERROR! CNT/ERR/602
In section "Calculation diagrams" parameters requires of specified relative dielectric
permeabilities, but table "Relative dielectric permeabilities" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/605
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) type of coil with
contra-shields (table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)", row <>) is
using in multispiral regulating concenter <>. This coil should be using in disk concenter only
ERROR! CNT/ERR/607
In table "Additional parameters of contra-shields in coils" (row <>) parameter "Number of
coil type" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/608
In table "Additional parameters of contra-shields in coils" (row <>) ref. to type of coil =<>
is specified, but it exceeds qt. of rows in table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding
rings (SR)"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/609
In table "Additional parameters of contra-shields in coils" "Number of coil type" <> repeates
ERROR! CNT/ERR/610
In table "Additional parameters of contra-shields in coils" (row <>) required parameter
"Number of coil type" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/611
In table "Additional parameters of contra-shields in coils" (row <>) parameter "Contrashields connection" has unforeseen value ""
ERROR! CNT/ERR/612
"Contra-shields connection" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/613
In table "Additional parameters of contra-shields in coils" (row <>) parameter "Quantity of
contra-shield turns" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/614
In table "Additional parameters of contra-shields in coils" (row <>) specified "Quantity of
contra-shield turns" =<> exceeds the max. possible value =<> of corresponding type of
coil <> (table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)")
ERROR! CNT/ERR/615
"Quantity of contra-shield turns" is not specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/618
In table "Additional parameters of contra-shields in coils" (row <>) parameter "Height of
contra-shield wire on metal" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/620
In table "Additional parameters of contra-shields in coils" (row <>) parameter "Thickness of
contra-shield conductor insulation per two sides" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value
is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/623
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (concenter <>, row <>)
qt. <> of coils of the block of the interleaved coils "EE-special" in group is not aliquot to
<xxx> (The value <xxx> = 4, 6, 8, 10)
ERROR! CNT/ERR/624
of concenter <> on calculation elements is specified: coils <> and <> of one block of the
interleaved coils "EE-special" belong to different calculation elements
ERROR! CNT/ERR/625
of a turn in a coil (pair of coils, tap. step)" <> in coil <> of concenter <> exceeds summary
qt. <> of turns in the block of the interleaved coils "EE-special"
ERROR! CNT/ERR/626
a coil (RW tapping step)" <> in coil <> with contra-shields exceeds "Quantity of contrashield turns" <>
117
User's manual Vln
ERROR! CNT/ERR/629
The specified standard arrangement of tap steps in concenter <> (table "Additional
parameters of regulating concenters", row <>) is not permissible, because "Qt. of parallel
coils in the axial direction (parallel spirals)" PDA=<> unequal <1>. The standard
arrangement is permissible under PDA=<1> only

ERROR! CNT/ERR/676
"Arrangement of axial ducts" is specified syntactically incorrectly
ERROR! CNT/ERR/677
"Arrangement of axial ducts" is specified incorrectly: the same duct is repeatedly described

ERROR! CNT/ERR/724
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) the type of coil
<> with unforeseen diagram <> for multispiral regulating concenter <> is specified. The
types of coil with diagram <0> is permissible only
ERROR! CNT/ERR/750
In all concenters the summary qt. <> of calculation elements exceeds of max. value
<1000>

ERROR! CNT/ERR/754
In table "Relative dielectric permeabilities" parameter "Medium" is specified incorrectly:
<0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/755
In table "Relative dielectric permeabilities" parameter "Paper" is specified incorrectly: <0>
or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/758
In table "Relative dielectric permeabilities" parameter "Enamel coating" is specified
incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/759
In table "Relative dielectric permeabilities" parameter "Spacers" is specified incorrectly:
ERROR! CNT/ERR/760
In table "Relative dielectric permeabilities" parameter "Bars in a winding" is specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/761
In table "Relative dielectric permeabilities" parameter "Bars between cylinders" is specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/762
In table "Relative dielectric permeabilities" parameter "Cylinders" is specified incorrectly:
ERROR! CNT/ERR/763
"Quantity of elementary conductors in the transposed and subdivided wire" is specified
ERROR! CNT/ERR/764
"Quantity of parallel wires in radial direction" is specified incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is
not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/767
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) parameter "Radial
dimension of elementary conductor of the transposed wire" is specified incorrectly: <0> or
neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/769
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) parameter "Axial
dimension of elementary conductor of the transposed wire" is specified incorrectly: <0> or
neg. value is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/772
118
"Bonding of conductors in the transposed wire" has unforeseen value ""
ERROR! CNT/ERR/774
"Thickness of spacer in the transposed wire" is specified incorrectly: neg. value is not
permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/776
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) the total axial
dimension of 2 elementary conductors of the transposed wire greater than "Height on
metal" of coil is specified (max. permissible exceedance <0.01%>)
ERROR! CNT/ERR/777
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) the total axial
dimension of 2 elementary conductors (taking into account "Thickness of spacer in the
transposed wire"=<>) greater than "Height on metal" of coil is specified (max. permissible
exceedance <0.01%>)
ERROR! CNT/ERR/782
In multispiral regulating concenter <> the total width of all wires by metal, calculated as a
difference of radial dimension of concenter and total thicknesses paper insulation and axial
ducts (if were specified) in coil of type <> is less than <0.1 mm>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/783
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <>) the specified total qt.
=<> of wires in section of layer <> of multispiral regulating concenter <> exceeds of max.
value <700>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/800
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) the second group
of interchanging coils is not described

ERROR! CNT/ERR/801
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <> and <>)
parameter "Quantity" is specified incorrectly: qt. of interchanging coils in both groups
should be equal
ERROR! CNT/ERR/802
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <> and <>) not
permissible separation of coils of concenter <> by groups is specified: interchanging of
interleaved coils and anothers one or shielding rings is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/803
"Endpoint voltage of volt-ampere characteristic function" is specified incorrectly: <0> is not
permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/804
permissible separation of coils of concenter <> by groups is specified. Interchanging of
interleaved coils with diagram <1> impossible: the "Quantity of turns in a coil" of type <>
differs from "Quantity of turns in a coil" of type <> greater than on 1
ERROR! CNT/ERR/805
permissible separation of coils of concenter <> by groups is specified. Interchanging of
interleaved coils with diagram <1> impossible: the coils of types <> and <> differ by wires
ERROR! CNT/ERR/807
interleaved coils "EE-special" is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/806
interleaved coils with differented diagrams is impossible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/807
interleaved coils with diagram <-104> is not permissible
119
User's manual Vln
ERROR! CNT/ERR/809 In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)"
(rows <>-<>) arrangement of coils having contra-shields with "Contra-shields connection"
"I" is specified incorrectly: there is odd qt. <> of sequentially arranged coils
OR:
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (rows <>-<>)
arrangement of coils having contra-shields with "Contra-shields connection" "IM" is specified
incorrectly: there is odd qt. <> of sequentially arranged coils
ERROR! CNT/ERR/812
arrangement of coils having contra-shields with "Contra-shields connection" "I" is specified
incorrectly: there is odd qt. <> (including <> from row <>) of sequentially arranged coils
in upper half of concenter with middle input
OR:
in upper half of concenter with middle input
ERROR! CNT/ERR/813
arrangement of coils having contra-shields with "Contra-shields connection" "I" is specified
in lower half of concenter with middle input
OR:
in lower half of concenter with middle input
ERROR! CNT/ERR/815
interleaved parallel wires" is specified incorrectly: <0> for coil with "Diagram sign" <-9> is
not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/816
In table "Additional parameters of contra-shields in coils" (row <>) parameter "Quantity of
contra-shield conductors inside the main turn of coil" is specified incorrectly: neg. value is
not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/818
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" (row <>) the specification of parameter
"Duration of the front, us" for "AI" impulse is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/819
"Duration of the front, us" for "SF" impulse is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/820
"Duration of the halfdroop, us" for "SF" impulse is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/821
halfdroop, us" is not specified for "FW" impulse
OR:
halfdroop, us" is not specified for "CW" impulse
OR:
halfdroop, us" is not specified for "SI" impulse
OR:
halfdroop, us" is not specified for "FR" impulse
ERROR! CNT/ERR/822
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" (row <>) parameter "CW time of chopping,
us" is specified incorrectly: for "SI" impulse it should exceed the sum of "Duration of the
halfdroop, us" and "Duration of the front, us" =<>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/823
120
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" (row <>) the specification of parameter "CW
time of chopping, us" for "SF" impulse is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/824
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" (row <>) parameter "CW time of chopping,
us" is not specified for "SI" impulse
ERROR! CNT/ERR/825
In table "Parameters of the applied impulses" (row <>) the specification of parameter "CW
factor under shoot" for "SF" impulse is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/826
"Circular frequency after CW chopping, rad/us" for "SF" impulse is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/832
"Parameter K of volt-ampere characteristic or active resistance, Ohm" is specified
incorrectly: <0> or neg. value is not permissible for linear active resistance
ERROR! CNT/ERR/835
row <>) "Upper node" is ignored: qt. of node in diagram exceeds the max. possible value
<999>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/836
row <>) parameter "Upper node" is specified incorrectly: the ground node with sign "-" is
not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/837
row <>) parameter "Upper node" is specified syntactically incorrectly: the "body" of node is
missing
ERROR! CNT/ERR/838
row <>) parameter "Upper node" is specified syntactically incorrectly: the wite-space(s)
between sign "-" and "body" of node is not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/843
row <>) "Lower node" is ignored: qt. of node in diagram exceeds the max. possible value
<999>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/844
row <>) parameter "Lower node" is specified incorrectly: the ground node with sign "-" is
not permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/845
row <>) parameter "Lower node" is specified syntactically incorrectly: the "body" of node is
missing
ERROR! CNT/ERR/846
row <>) parameter "Lower node" is specified syntactically incorrectly: the wite-space(s)
between sign "-" and "body" of node is not permissible

ERROR! CNT/ERR/878
"Magnetizing inductance per turn of main active part L0, mH" is specified incorrectly: neg.
ERROR! CNT/ERR/892
spirals with increased quantity of turns" is specified incorrectly: neg. value is not
permissible
ERROR! CNT/ERR/893
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <>) the "Quantity of spirals
with increased quantity of turns" <> is greater or equal than "Quantity of spirals (wires in
the axial direction)" <>
ERROR! CNT/ERR/895
121
User's manual Vln
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <>) "Quantity of spirals

(wires in the axial direction)" <> is not divisible by qt. of parallel spirals in the axial
direction <> (table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)", row <>)
ERROR! CNT/ERR/896
In table "Additional parameters of regulating concenters" (row <>) "Quantity of spirals with
increased quantity of turns" <> is specified incorrectly: for tap step <> the qt. <> of
parallel spirals with increased qt. of turns is not equal to the qt. <> of parallel spirals in the
axial direction
ERROR! CNT/ERR/897
layers of RW have unequal "Quantity of spirals with increased quantity of turns"
9.2. Attention
9.2.1. Diagnostic messages
ATTENTION! CNT/WAR/001
In table "General parameters of concenters" the specified summary qt. of turns in concenter
<> differs from sum of turns <> in all coils of this concenter by <<>%>
In table "General parameters of concenters" the specified height of concenter <> differs
from summary height <<> mm> of coils, shielding rings (if were specified) and radial ducts
(if were specified) of this concenter by <<>%>
In table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" the "Average diameter" of shield <> is less
than "Diameter of the core circumcircle"
In table "Parameters of electrostatic shields" "Average diameter" of internal shield <> is
exceeds "Average diameter" of external shield <>
In table "General parameters of concenters" the "Average diameter" of concenter <>
greater than "Average diameter" the next concenter <>
In table "General parameters of concenters" the "Average diameter on the bottom" of
concenter <> greater than "Average diameter on the bottom" the next concenter <>
The specified (table "Parameters of main gaps", row <>) "Main gap" <<> mm> between
concenters (or the concenter and shield, core), differs from calculated value <<> mm>,
based on diameters and widthes of these concenters is greater than <<>%>
In table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (row <>) not all dimensions
of elementary conductors are specified. Calculation is executed without taking into account
of nonflatness of this wire at calculation of longitudinal capacities
In table "Parameters of calculation diagram" (Calculation diagram <>) the "Magnetizing
inductance per turn of main active part L0, mH" =<0> is specified and ref. to mode <> with
"SI" "Impulse type" is specified too. The calculation of voltage distribution with L0 =<0> for
test diagrams of transformers without of short-circuited windings (standard testing
diagrams SI) can result in errors
In table "Parameters of groups of coils and shielding rings (SR)" (concenter <>, row <>)
odd qt. <> of interleaved coils in group is specified
ATTENTION! CNT/ERR/622
In table "Additional parameters of contra-shields in coils" (row <>) specified height of
contra-shield wire (parameters "Height of contra-shield wire on metal" and "Thickness of
contra-shield conductor insulation per two sides")=<> exceeds height=<> of corresponding
type of coil <> (table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)", parameters
"Height on metal" and "Thickness of turn insulation per two sides")
In concenter <> the calculated radial dimension of turn by metal in coil of type <> is less
than <0.1 mm>. Check up the parameters "Radial dimension" (table "General parameters
of concenters") and "Quantity of turns in a coil", "Thickness of turn insulation per two
122
sides", "Thickness of additional insulation per two sides", "Arrangement of axial ducts",
"Average width of axial ducts" (table "Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)")
In concenter <> the calculated radial dimension of turn by metal in coil of type <> is less
than <0.1 mm>. Check up the parameters "Radial dimension" (table "General parameters
of concenters") and "Quantity of turns in a coil", "Thickness of turn insulation per two
sides", "Thickness of additional insulation per two sides" (table "Parameters of types of coils
and shielding rings (SR)")
123
10. References
1. Bakhvalov Y.A., Bunin A.G., Kontorovich L.N. Calculation of impulse stresses on main and
longitudinal insulations of transformers on multielement equivalent circuits. News of high
schools "Electromechanics", 1973, 12.
2. Beletsky Z.M., Bunin A.G., Gorbuntsov A.F., Kontorovich L.N. Calculation of impulse
stresses in windings of transformers with application of computer. "INFORMELECTRO",
Moscow, 1978.
3. Bunin A.G., Zhelonin V.A. Calculation of impulse voltages in windings of transformers
with taking into account the nonlinear units of protection. "Electricity", 1989, 3.
4. The program of calculation of impulse overvoltage and safety factors of transformer
insulation Vln 4.5. Instruction on installation, OSC "VIT", Zaporozhye, 2008.
5. The control examples to program VLN 4.5., OSC "VIT", Zaporozhye, 2008.
125

User's Manual VLN PDF

Hochgeladen von

Dokumentinformationen

Originalbeschreibung:

Originaltitel

Copyright

Verfügbare Formate

Dieses Dokument teilen

Dokument teilen oder einbetten

Freigabeoptionen

Stufen Sie dieses Dokument als nützlich ein?

Sind diese Inhalte unangemessen?

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

User's Manual VLN PDF

Hochgeladen von

Copyright:

Verfügbare Formate

OAO VIT (Ukraine)

Program of calculation of impulse voltages

Copyright 1995 - 2010 OSC VIT

OPEN STOCK COMPANY

(+38 061) 284-52-01, 284-52-62

Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation

User's manual Vln

6.1.1. Input data .............................................................................................. 47

User's manual Vln

1.2. Limitations of area of application

2.2. Organization of input data

2.3. Organization of output data

2.4. Control of input data

2.5. Accuracy of calculation

3. The instruction on preparation of input data

User's manual Vln

for calculation of impulse voltages in a multilayer winding it is enough to divide each

3.2. Filling input data

4. Description of service programs

4.2. Archive system

User's manual Vln

4.3. Input data editor (RED)

Cancellation of table correction and it

4. Description of service programs

4.4. HELP functions

4.6. Generation of calculated gaps

4.7. Analytical approximation of an impulse, specified by the tabular way

User's manual Vln

Parameter "Quantity of exponential functions" determines quantity of exponential functions

4.8. Data bases control program (BNK)

4.9. Program of graphics representation of the calculation results (GRF)

4. Description of service programs

4.10. Graphical composition of calculated diagrams

to print an image of circuit

User's manual Vln

Having chosen the required selection mode and holding down

5. The input data of the calculation of impulse voltages

Relative dielectric permeabilities

A - dry windings in the air

5.2. Relative dielectric permeabilities

User's manual Vln

Bars between cylinders

5.3. Structural data

5. The input data of the calculation of impulse voltages

5.3.2. Parameters of main gaps

User's manual Vln

Here concenter means a concenter, a core or a shield.

Number of the external concenter

Permissible voltage 1.2/50, kV

5.3.3. Parameters of electrostatic shields

5.3.4. General parameters of concenters

5. The input data of the calculation of impulse voltages

5.3.5. Parameters of types of coils and shielding rings (SR)

User's manual Vln

Sign of the diagram: 0.

Sign of the diagram: -3.

5. The input data of the calculation of impulse voltages

Sign of the diagram: -3.

Sign of the diagram: 1.

Sign of the diagram: 1.

Sign of the diagram: 1.

User's manual Vln