RAKUNA

A new type of wave dissipating block

with 4 hollows on the surface

NIKKEN KOGAKU CO.,LTD.

http://nikken.kogaku.co.jp

RAKUNA is NETIS registration technology.

NETIS:New Technology Information System of
MLIT(Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism) in Japan
hydraulic stability

Sloping Breakwater
It was demonstrated by Joint Reserch with Water Resources University and Nikken Kogaku Co.,Ltd. (2011)
Ns

where

H s /( D n )
Hs
rs
rw

2.53

Significant wave height

Mass density of concrete
Mass density of water
(r s / r w ) - 1

Dn

Nominal Diameter
This coefficient is valid for 1:1.5 slope.
K D value for Hudson's formula
KD =
10.8 on trunk sections
KD =
7.2
on breakwater heads

Upright Breakwater
It was demonstrated by Joint Reserch with Kyoto University and Nikken Kogaku Co.,Ltd. (2007)
Ns

H s /( D n )

N s has a value for each deepwater wave steepness S 0 .

S 0>0.04
Ns =
2.60
0.04S 00.02 N s =
2.42
0.02>S 0
Ns =
2.12
where

H0
L0
S0

deepwater wave height

deepwater wavelength
deepwater wave steepness (=H 0 /L 0 )

These coefficients are valid for 1:1.5 slope.

K D value for Hudson's formula
S 0>0.04
KD
trunk sections
0.04S 00.02 K D
0.02>S 0
KD

=
=
=

11.71
9.44
6.35

S 0>0.04
KD
0.04S 00.02 K D
0.02>S 0
KD

=
=
=

7.80
6.29
4.23

breakwater heads

note: You can use the same value in Two layer. We confirmed that Two layer has the equal stability with the
full face form by the hydraulic experiments with irregular waves.

Shape size

2a
b
c

The filleting is attached to more than 40t type.

Actual weight (t)

Metal form
area (m2)

Basic dimensionsunitmm

Calculated by 2.3t/m

Concrete
volume (m3)

2t

2.12

0.924

6.94

1,475

1,617

1,783

440

459

388

1,309

4t

3.92

1.707

10.45

1,810

1,984

2,189

540

564

476

1,607

Size

6t

6.25

2.716

14.19

2,112

2,315

2,553

630

658

555

1,874

8t

7.85

3.415

16.54

2,280

2,499

2,756

680

710

599

2,023

10t

9.72

4.225

19.06

2,447

2,683

2,959

730

762

643

2,172

12t

11.85

5.154

21.76

2,615

2,866

3,161

780

814

687

2,320

16t

15.89

6.908

26.45

2,884

3,160

3,486

860

898

758

2,558

20t

20.09

8.736

30.93

3,118

3,417

3,769

930

971

819

2,767

25t

24.98

10.861

35.76

3,353

3,675

4,053

1,000

1,044

881

2,975

32t

32.35

14.065

42.49

3,655

4,005

4,418

1,090

1,138

960

3,243

40t

40.92

17.792

49.16

3,956

4,321

4,783

1,180

1,181

1,039

3,511

50t

49.82

21.661

56.05

4,225

4,614

5,107

1,260

1,261

1,110

3,749

64t

59.92

26.055

63.39

4,493

4,907

5,431

1,340

1,341

1,180

3,987

80t

80.74

35.104

77.33

4,962

5,420

5,999

1,480

1,481

1,304

4,403

Vertical breakwater covering form

The standard of the block slope is 1:1.3 - 1:2.0.

Calcuration of required block number

Required block number N is calculated by the next formula.

1
v

N required block number

concrete volume of one blockm3
Total construction volume of RAKUNAm3
void ratio56.5

2-layer covering method

B'

1:

n
B

2-levee crown rows

unitm
4-levee crown rows

3-levee crown rows

Layer
thickness
:h

B
(common)

n=1.3

1.5

B
(common)

1.3

1.5

B
(common)

1.3

1.5

2t

1.80

1.66

2.27

2.20

3.11

3.72

3.65

4.61

5.22

5.15

Size

B'

B'

B'

4t

2.20

2.03

2.78

2.70

3.83

4.58

4.50

5.68

6.43

6.35

6t

2.55

2.38

3.25

3.15

4.48

5.35

5.25

6.63

7.50

7.40

8t

2.80

2.55

3.50

3.40

4.85

5.80

5.70

7.15

8.10

8.00

10t

3.00

2.74

3.74

3.65

5.19

6.19

6.10

7.69

8.69

8.65

12t

3.20

2.93

4.02

3.90

5.63

6.72

6.60

8.33

9.42

9.30

16t

3.55

3.23

4.44

4.30

6.13

7.34

7.20

9.03

10.24

10.10
11.00

20t

3.80

3.45

4.74

4.60

6.65

7.94

7.80

9.85

11.14

25t

4.10

3.76

5.15

5.00

7.16

8.55

8.40

10.56

11.95

11.80

32t

4.50

4.04

5.57

5.40

7.74

9.27

9.10

11.44

12.97

12.80

40t

4.85

4.43

6.08

5.90

8.43

10.08

9.90

12.43

14.08

13.90

50t

5.20

4.63

6.40

6.20

8.93

11.70

10.50

13.23

15.00

14.80

64t

5.50

4.96

6.83

6.60

9.38

11.25

11.05

14.07

15.94

15.75

80t

6.10

5.35

7.42

7.20

10.25

12.32

12.10

15.35

17.42

17.20

The above table is a standard size. We can do this other designs, please feel free to consult with us.

Full face covering method

B'

n
1:

unitm
Size

Crown width : B'

2-levee crown rows 3-levee crown rows 4-levee crown rows

2t

1.95

3.27

4t

2.40

4.02

4.59
5.64

6t

2.82

4.70

6.62
7.15

8t

3.04

5.10

10t

3.26

5.45

7.59

12t

3.49

5.91

8.32

16t

3.84

6.43

9.02

20t

4.10

6.96

9.80

25t

4.47

7.51

10.55

32t

4.82

8.13

11.43

40t

5.27

8.85

12.42

50t

5.53

9.37

13.20

64t

5.98

10.05

14.08

80t

6.61

10.99

15.54

Sloping breakwater form

The standard of the block slope is 1:1.3 - 1:2.0.

Calcuration of required block number

Required block number N is calculated by the next formula.

1
v

N required block number

concrete volume of one blockm3
Total construction volume of RAKUNAm3
void ratio56.5

2-layer covering method

h

B'

1:

n
B

unitm
5-levee crown rows

4-levee crown rows

3-levee crown rows

Layer
thickness
:h

B
(common)

n=1.3

1.5

B
(common)

1.3

1.5

B
(common)

1.3

1.5

2t

1.80

3.21

4.43

4.30

4.66

5.88

5.75

6.16

7.38

7.25

4t

2.20

3.92

5.41

5.25

5.77

7.26

7.10

7.57

9.06

8.90

6t

2.55

4.61

6.34

6.15

6.76

8.49

8.30

8.86

10.59

10.40

8t

2.80

4.90

6.80

6.60

7.20

9.10

8.90

9.50

11.40

11.20

Size

B'

B'

B'

10t

3.00

5.28

7.28

7.10

7.78

9.78

9.60

10.28

12.28

12.10

12t

3.20

5.66

7.84

7.60

8.36

10.54

10.30

11.06

13.24

13.00

16t

3.55

6.25

8.66

8.40

9.15

11.56

11.30

12.05

14.46

14.20

20t

3.80

6.70

9.28

9.00

9.90

12.48

12.20

13.10

15.68

15.40

25t

4.10

7.22

10.01

9.70

10.62

13.41

13.10

14.02

16.81

16.50

32t

4.50

7.88

10.94

10.60

11.58

14.64

14.30

15.28

18.34

18.00

40t

4.85

8.56

11.86

11.50

12.46

15.76

15.40

16.56

19.86

19.50

50t

5.20

9.05

12.59

12.20

13.35

16.89

16.50

17.65

21.19

20.80

64t

5.50

9.65

13.39

13.00

14.20

17.94

17.55

18.83

22.57

22.15

80t

6.10

10.30

14.45

14.00

15.30

19.45

19.00

20.30

24.45

24.00

The above table is a standard size. We can do this other designs, please feel free to consult.

Full face covering method

B'

1:

unitm
Size

Crown width : B'

3-levee crown rows 4-levee crown rows 5-levee crown rows

2t

3.27

4.59

5.91

4t

4.02

5.64

7.26

6t

4.70

6.62

8.53

8t

5.10

7.15

9.21

10t

5.45

7.59

9.76

12t

5.91

8.32

10.74

16t

6.43

9.02

11.61

20t

6.96

9.80

12.66

25t

7.51

10.55

13.59

32t

8.13

11.43

14.73

40t

8.85

12.42

15.99

50t

9.37

13.20

17.04

64t

10.05

14.08

18.13

80t

10.99

15.54

20.01

Fabrication and setting

Flow
1) each plates assembling

Assembling the bottom form, side forms and

side form's top.

4) side plates installation

The side form is set up in the bottom form,

and installing the cap of leg.

7) curing

After casting concrete, it covers with sheet

etc. and curing is done until the required
strength is filled.

10) stock

2) release agent (oil) spraying

After the formwork is cleaned enough with

the keren stick, and apply the release agent.

5) concerte casting

Casting concrete. Multiplying the vibrator

carefully so that the bubble should not occur.

8) demolding side plates

Stripping of the side form.

11) transportation

3) bottom plate installation

The special mount is prepared more than

40t type. For 6t-32t type, subsidence
prevention components make up 1 set.

6) spacing and leveling

Compacting enough with the vibrator, and

the levee crown is finished up.

9) demolding bottom plate and lifting

to stock yard

More curing, stripping of the bottom form

after required strength is filled.

12) setting

Please see the construction manual about the security precautions of details and the high-place work, etc.
The time of the stripping depends on the strength of stripping examination book.

Required area of fabrication

Please secure an enough area for the fabrication yard to work safe and efficiently.
A required area of the fabrication yard is different depending on the field conditions of the block size, the
production volume and the amount of the metal form, etc.
This calculation method is general yard arrangement. Please consider the heavy equipment road and the haul
road additionally.
Please level the yard so as not to cause the warp of the metal form.
Concrete casting yard
L1

S1

L1(D+a)n1+a
S1L+2a for one row
L23.5a(n2-1)+D+1
S2L+1 for one row
n1the number of block rows of the concrete casting yard
n2the number of block rows of the transposition yard

Transposition yard
500

50 0

L2
500

50 0

S2

3.5a

Temporary storage yard (stock yard)

temporary storage yard area(m2) = occupation area per one block * K

K = total production volume - n1 - n2

Required area of the concrete casting, transposition and temporary storage yard (reference)
Basic dimensions(m)

Casting yard
(f or a row composed of 10 blocks)

Size
a

L1(m)

S1(m)

Casting yard area

L1*S1 (m2)

Stock yard
(for 100 blocks)

Transposition yard
(for a row composed of 10 blocks)
L2(m)

S2(m)

Transposition yard
area
L1*S1 (m2)

Occupied area per

block (m2/piece)

Stock yard area

*k (m2)

(casting,
transposition,
stock yard)
(m2)

319

2t

0.44

1.617

1.783

22.7

2.5

57

16.7

2.7

46

2.7

216

4t

0.54

1.984

2.189

27.9

3.1

87

20.2

3.0

61

4.0

320

468

6t

0.63

2.315

2.553

32.5

3.6

117

23.4

3.4

80

5.5

440

637

8t

0.68

2.499

2.756

35.1

3.9

137

25.2

3.5

89

6.4

512

738

10t

0.73

2.683

2.959

37.7

4.2

159

27.0

3.7

100

7.4

592

851

12t

0.78

2.866

3.161

40.2

4.5

181

28.8

3.9

113

8.4

672

966

16t

0.86

3.160

3.486

44.4

4.9

218

31.6

4.2

133

10.2

816

1167

20t

0.93

3.417

3.769

48.0

5.3

255

34.1

4.5

154

12.0

960

1369

25t

1.00

3.675

4.053

51.6

5.7

295

36.6

4.7

173

13.8

1104

1572

32t

1.09

4.005

4.418

56.2

6.2

349

39.8

5.1

203

16.4

1312

1864

40t

1.18

4.321

4.783

60.9

6.7

409

43.0

5.4

233

19.2

1536

2178

50t

1.26

4.614

5.107

65.0

7.2

468

45.8

5.7

262

21.9

1752

2482

64t

1.34

4.907

5.431

69.1

7.6

526

48.7

6.0

293

24.7

1976

2795

80t

1.48

5.420

5.999

76.3

8.4

641

53.7

6.5

350

30.1

2408

3399

This table assuming 100 blocks fabrication and 10 metal forms.

Echizen fishing port in Fukui Pref. 64t

RAKUNA was developed in 2007. Before now, It was been used more than 300,000t.

25t, Foot protection works,

Sarahama fishing port, Okinawa Prefecture

64t, Wave absorbing breakwater, Fuji Coast, Shizuoka Prefecture

50t, Wave absorbing breakwater, Fuji Coast, Shizuoka Prefecture

RAKUNA has been also active in the recovery

from the 2011 Tohoku Earthquake Tsunami Disaster.

20t, Wave absorbing breakwater,

Hachinohe Port, Aomori Prefecture

HEAD OFFICE
17F Nittochi-Nishishinjuku bldg. 6-10-1 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan
Tel. +81-3-3344-6811
Fax. +81-3-5381-7377
E-mail. contact@nikken-kogaku.co.jp
INTERNATIONAL DIVISION
Tel. +81-3-6361-0028
Fax. +81-3-3344-6817
E-mail. contact@nikken-kogaku.co.jp

HANOI REPRESENTATIVE OFFICE

19F LADECO Build, No.266 Doi Can Str, Lieu Giai Ward, Ba Dinh Dist, Hanoi Vietnam
Tel. +84(0)4-37621682
Fax. +84(0)4-37621684
E-mail. contact@nikken-kogaku.co.jp
Sep.2012-RAKUNA010