Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
WHY?
To act as a good neighbour: Avoid complaints and maintain good relations with the local community.
To avoid programme delay: The Local Authority have the power to stop works if noise from the site
is causing a nuisance.
To avoid fines: Failing to meet noise constraints can result in fines.
To avoid structural damage: vibration may cause structural damage.
To comply with contractual requirements.
To prevent harm to wildlife: Noise can disturb wildlife as well as humans.
DO
If possible, restrict noisy activities to certain
DONT
JULY-2015 Topic 26 of 31
JAD DAILY SAFETY TOOL BOX TOPIC
MATERIAL HANDLING and HOUSEKEEPING
WHAT?
Poor storage and handling of materials creates
waste.
Waste is a loss of resource and is very costly.
Poorly stored materials increase the risk of
pollution incidents.
WHY?
Reduce costs: Wastage costs money: - not only the cost of the cost of replacement materials but also
the disposal cost of those that are damaged.
Reduce pollution risk: Good storage reduces the risk of spillages.
Avoid waste: Re-use of materials reduces the requirement for new materials.
Improved safety: A tidy site is a safe site.
Public image: Good housekeeping creates a positive image to the general public.
DO
DONT
DONT store or leave unprotected any materials
that can be damaged by weather, eg. cement
bags.
DONT over order materials.
JULY-2015 Topic 27 of 31
WHY?
Avoid prosecution: It is the duty of all waste producers to prevent their waste escaping into the
environment. It is illegal to mix hazardous waste with other waste types which are to be sent directly to
landfill.
Reduce costs: The segregation of waste into separate containers or skips can lead to lower costs by
reducing disposal costs and landfill tax payments through preventing the contamination of inactive
wastes by active wastes.
maximising the potential for reusing and recycling materials.
making it easier to see how much of each type of waste is being produced and where efforts to
reduce waste need to be targeted.
DO
DONT
JULY-2015 Topic 28 of 31
DERMATITIS
Dermatitis is a painful skin condition which can be prevented. It is caused by a reaction to a substance on your skin. The
symptoms include red, swollen and tender skin, hot and itchy patches or in severe cases, blisters. Exposure over a long
period of time can cause thickening of the skin. In extreme cases it may eventually lead to skin cancer.
Contact dermatitis is caused by direct contact with the substances. There are two different kinds of contact dermatitis.
One is an irritant dermatitis - a simple case of irritation caused by contact with the substance. The other type is allergic
dermatitis, when repeated exposures to the substance cause the body to develop an allergic reaction. This reaction can
then be triggered by even very small quantities of the substance.
Acids, alkalis, mineral oils, solvents, bleaches, glues, pollen, wood dusts, nickel, some types of vegetables and fruits
and even antibiotics are just a few examples of the substances which can cause dermatitis in some people.
Heat, friction and dirt can also cause and aggravate dermatitis. Sweating and repetitive friction on your skin, combined
with dirt and bacteria, can be a sure-fire recipe for dermatitis.
JULY-2015 Topic 29 of 31
JAD DAILY SAFETY TOOL BOX TOPIC
HOW TO HANDLE CHEMICAL SPILLS
Your safety training helps ensure things go right when you do your job. Your training also includes what to do when
things go wrong. You are trained to prevent spills when you work with chemicals, but your training also tells you how to
respond to one.
Unplanned release of a chemical can have devastating effects. Skin and eye burns, damage to the lungs, fire and
explosion, corrosive damage to materials, pollution of air, soil and water, and danger to the public are just some of the
possible consequences of a chemical spill.
Chemical spills can be in the form of liquids, solids such as pellets, gases and vapors. They can be flammable (quick to
burn or explode), corrosive (damaging to human tissue or other materials), or toxic (poisonous to humans and other
living things).
The time to deal with a chemical spill is long before it happens, by rehearsing what you will do and obtaining the
supplies you will need for self-protection and cleanup.
First, you need to learn all you can about the chemicals used and stored in your work area. What are the hazards? What
would happen if the chemical were exposed to air, oxygen, a spark, water or even motion? Is the chemical corrosive,
causing burns to human tissue?
If breathed in, could it damage the respiratory system, cause unconsciousness or death? Are there possible long-term
effects from chemical exposure, such as cancer? You will get this type of information from your training, the Material
Safety Data Sheet (MSDS), container label and other sources.
Here are some basic procedures you can learn for dealing with a spill. Be sure to get the specific steps you should take
for the chemicals you work with.
Alert people in the area of the spill.
Call the appropriate emergency numbers, which should be posted at each telephone.
Attend to any injured persons, removing them from exposure and getting to a safety shower if necessary.
Depending on the nature of the chemical, you might need to open windows and doors to provide ventilation, close up the
affected area to contain spills or turn off heat and other ignition sources.
If you are trained and authorized, use the appropriate materials to absorb or contain the spill. For instance, you might
have kits to neutralize spilled acids or bases. For other chemicals, you could be required to sprinkle an absorbent litter
on a spill, or surround the spill with a dam.
Do not attempt cleanup under these circumstances:
You dont know what the spilled material is.
You dont have the necessary protection or the right equipment to do the job.
The spill is too large.
The spill is highly toxic.
You feel symptoms of exposure.
JULY-2015 Topic 30 of 31
Research by Weick, Sunstein, Geller and Slovic state that 95% of all accidents and incidents are related to
psychological and cultural causes. So after we have completed all the paperwork associated with safety
and systems, its still down to human judgment and decision making. The evidence for this fact emerges
after every accident when people say they are bewildered by what someone did? They sometime express
this by stating that someone lacked common sense. Why did Ted stand in the exclusion zone? Why did Bill
assume the power had been tagged out? Why did Fred slip into the tank, why didnt he wear a harness? All
these questions which we ask after the event show that our workplaces dont lack more checklists but lack
more skilled conversations.
You cant see complacency but you can hear it. You cant see assumptions you can only hear them. You
cant guess comprehension of Safe Work Method Statements you can only hear it. You cant assume the
checklist did its work, you can only hear if it has. The effective conversation is the key to supervision.
Unfortunately, many supervisors are not good at conversation. Most organisations dont invest the time
and resources into training supervisors to be effective conversationalists. It is assumed that an effective
conversation and skilled questioning come naturally. In workplaces with a technical focus, engineers and
technicians are usually quite poor at effective conversations. Its not their bread and butter; soft skills
are generally not a big part of their technical training.
The most important skills to having an effective safety conversation are: pitching, framing, questioning and
priming. Without understanding, coaching and practicing these skills, you will have little chance of properly
hearing and influencing culture and behavior at work.
Here are some tips to get started on how to have an effective safety conversation.
1. If you dont have a positive attitude, dont go out. People can sense authoritarian and negative attitudes.
2. Check in to your own biases and expectations. If you are carrying some agenda, dont go out.
3. Do you know how to observe for cultural and psychological indicators?
4. Observe but dont spy.
5. Listen for attitudes and values in language rather than focus on program and cosmetics.
6. Open with a positive statement, notice something good and name it.
7. Learn how to tactically ignore. If something is minor ignore it. Dont be nitpicky.
8. Listen to language, especially generalisations and stereotypes.
9. Listen for blaming, rushing, distractedness, fatigue, arrogance, overconfidence and know how to soften
and reframe dangerous language.
10. Be focused on dialogue not telling.
11. Ask open questions.
12. Dont ask confirmatory or leading questions.
13. Dont ask questions which try to prove your own hypothesis or assumptions.
14. Ask questions which help them tell a sequence and story.
15. Do you know how to ask creative questions? Questions which are at a tangent to the obvious but tell
you what values and beliefs are being held?
16. Dont rave on with your own war stories. Conversations are not about you. Dialogue is two way.
17. Consider your pitch. What is going to be your angle?
18. How will your dialogue be framed?
19. How will your questions and language prime the listener? What words and phrases will you avoid?
Do you know what words and approach switch people off?
20. How will you conclude? Do you know how to be positive and encouraging? Do you know how to avoid
pithy meaningless language such as be careful? Is your encouragement specific?
JULY-2015 Topic 31 of 31