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This example analyzes an effort to minimize waste water and hazardous sludge generation at a
manufacturing plant of General Electric. The process flowsheets were generated based strictly on
published information and may not fully reflect the actual plant (Shapiro et al., 1995).
Two design cases are provided with this example:
1) Orig8_5: This file represents the waste water treatment system at the beginning of 1993.
2) Modif8_5: This file describes the treatment plant after the recommended modifications for
waste minimization.
All pertinent files can be found in the Examples\GE subdirectory.
Component Flow-rates
Effluent
Flow Rates(kg/h)
Dissolved
Salts
Flocculants
Influent
Hazard.
5.309
0.000
Sludge
0.005
0.980
5.304
0.020
Heavy Metals
Suspended Solid
Water
TOTAL (kg/h)
0.068
14.970
10,203.886
10,224.233
0.067
14.672
10.474
26.198
0.001
0.298
10,193.412
10,199.035
in the recycle stream we estimated that 95% of the clarified water must go through the RO unit.
The fraction of water that needs to be processed by the RO unit also depends on the rejection of
solids by the membrane and the recovery of purified water (% of water that passes through the
membrane). The table below displays the composition and flowrates of selected streams [in kg/h].
Note the large reduction in the amount of Hazardous Sludge (from 26.2 kg/h to 2.2 kg/h). This has
a big impact on the bottom line of this process. The "Total Influent" represents the combination of
streams S-103 and Influent.
Component Flow-rates
Cryst.
(kg/h)
Dissolved Salts
Flocculants
Heavy Metals
Suspended Solid
Water
TOTAL (kg/h)
Influent
3.628
0.001
0.068
0.283
1,449.280
1,453.260
Tumbler
Sludge
0.045
0.000
0.000
14.687
180.066
194.798
Hazard.
DI Water
1&2
Sludge
0.002
0.981
0.067
0.278
0.033
0.019
0.001
3.284
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.881
2.209
0.273
3.610
272.285
272.285
5,451,000
4,478,000
10,367,00
0
4,154,000