Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
OF
INTRODUCTION
Trowulan is an archaeological site located in Trowulan Subdistric, Mojokerto Regency
in East Java. The city is the only Hindu-Buddhist classical age site in Indonesia. The museum
was built in order to house the artifacts and archaeological findings discovered around Trowulan
and its vicinity. The location is one of the more important in Indonesia in relation to tracing the
history of Majapahit.
Trowulan site has been suggested as the site of the eponymous capital city of the
Majapahit Empire. The ancient city ruins at Trowulan had been discovered by the 19th century.
Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, reported the existence of ruins of temples scattered about the
country for many miles. Most of archaeological relics discovered in Trowulan and its vicinity is
stored and displayed in Trowulan Museum which was established by Henri Maclaine Pont, a
Dutch architect and archaeologist, and the Mojokerto regent Kanjeng Adipati Ario Kromodjojo
Adinegoro. Excavations in and around Trowulan have shown that parts of the old settlement still
lie buried under several metres of mud and volcanic debris. Several archaeological ruins lie
scattered around Trowulan village. Several are quite damaged, while others have undergone
reconstruction.
Today the museum not only houses the archaeological relics from Majapahit era, but also
collects and displays various archaeological relics discovered all over East Java. From the era of
King Airlangga, Kediri, to the era of Singhasari and Majapahit. From the field trip we have
passed, here are several items belong to the Trowulan Museum which our group finds to be the
most interesting.
Nadzirahs items
1 The Woman Terracotta Statue
because it is just unique to see how they dressed up in the past especially
their accessories and hairstyles.
2 The Foreign Terracotta Statue
In the Majapahit period there have been several foreign nations that
dwell in Majapahit. They are in the Majapahit as related to economic,
political, and religious. The foreign faces are the Chinese and Arabic. Chinese
characteristic has slanted eyes, slicked back hair, a mustached, fat body, and
wear robes. While the Arab' characteristics are having a sharp nose and
wears kopyah. I saw that the foreign terracottaare unique and I was having
curiosity how the foreigners in the past were looked like and what kind of
foreigners were coming to Majapahit.
3 Deformation Terracotta Statue
Terracotta statues face is deformed face statues made worse than the
face or countenance in general, for example, an ape-faced, chubby-cheeked
child-like, thick lips, narrow eyes, and scrub nose. Its function is thought to
Asris Items
1) Nisan Fatimah binti Maimun
Fatimah binti Maimun bin Hibatullah is a Muslim woman who died on
Friday, 7 Rajab 475 Hijrah (December 2, 1082 Masihi). Her tombstone is
written in Arabic with Kufic calligraphy style, and it is the oldest Islamic grave
marker found in the archipelago. The tomb is located in the village of Leran,
Manyar District, about 5 km north of the city of Gresik, East Java.
Siti Fatimah, who is also known as Dewi Putri Retno Dewi Swari or
Swara, is the daughter of a father who named Maimon from Iran, and the
mother goddess named Aminah from Aceh, who was born in 1064. Other
sources mention that Siti Fatimah bint Maimon comes from the land Kedah,
Malacca. Reportedly Siti Fatimah binti Maimon tomb is the oldest Islamic
7. Allah the All-Knowing all the unseen, God Almighty and His
Messenger glorious.
The first person to find and read the inscription gravestone Leran,
according to Mohammad Yamin, is a Dutch researcher named JP Moquette in
1911, then Paul Ravaisse (French nationals) do some repairs. The reason why
I found it interesting because I was curious who is Fatimah binti Maimun and
her related with the Majapahit kingdom.
2) Arca Wisnu Naik Gajah
Look from the legacy, King Airlangga is Vishnu Hindu Sect. This is
evident
in
the
statues
in
the
temple
Hemisphere
manifestations
the Kadru. Garuda who felt pity for the suffering of his mother, for helping
care the children of Kadru.
At the request of Garuda, The Kadru willing to release his mother from
being slave with the term given holy water (Amerta). In his quest Garuda
met with Lord Vishnu, who then said to Garuda, Hi Garuda, if you want
Amerta, let ask me. Meanwhile Lord Vishnu asked that Garuda was willing to
be his vehicle. Garuda then managed to break the bondage of suffering
mother of Kadru with Amerta Vishnu administration housed in a jug
kamandalu. Since then Garuda became the vehicle of Vishnu. I found
interesting with Wisnu naik Garuda because it is Universitas Airlangga statue
and I just wanted to know the story about it.
3) Arca Brahma
Syaimas Items
1) Metal Coins (Matauang)
Majapahit
have
foreign
trade
connect
like
jambudwipa
(india),
Kamataka, Goda, Kamboja, Cjina, Yamana, Champa, Siam and Thailand. That
commercialized are day requipment, crafting and export commodity. As legal
finances in trading is kepeng coin came from China have circle shape with
square hole in centris and Chinese characters. The others is Ma coins, small
size like button and Gobog coin bigger than Kepeng coin describe Java
puppets like Srikandi, Semar, Togog and old Javanese year in XV-XVI A.D
century. Kepeng and Gobog coins are from bronze materials and Ma coins
from silver. The little Ma coin and Gobog coin predicted used to ceremonial
equipment.
The metal coins of Ma coins are made from silver which is 0.3cm
thick. Its origin is from Ir. Henry Maclaine Pont collections. It is from printing.
The Ma coin is for ceremonial equipment. The Kepeng coins is made from
bronze which is 0.1cm thick. Its origin is from Ir. Henry Maclaine Pont
collections. The Kepeng coin is for tools trade. The Gobog Besar and
Gobog Kecil coins are made from bronze. The technology used is printing. It
is from bronze with 0.3cm thick. The function of Gobog Besar coins are for
ceremonial equipment. I found it interesting because the old coins different
from todays coin. Old coins have perforated in the middle.
2) The Jug of Palembang (Kendi Palembang)
Palembang jug has a unique shape. There are pitchers who do not have
a drain; others have more than one drain. Drain located above the body
upright and each had base. Jug shape is also varying. There is a
hemispherical bottom, top and legs, some are carinated. The existence of
this jug may have been taken by the traders or Palembang peoples who
settled in Majapahit. Its function is used as a religious ceremony. The jug is
has a unique shape with different sizes, that caught my attention.
3) Perhiasan Tubuh
The accessories of body has used in many people, both man and
women since prehistory until now. Swan song development of top reaching
accesorries in Indonesia in classic or Hindu-Buddha period IV-XV AD century.
The materials of the accessories are metal like gold, silver, bronze, gold and
copper mixture (suasa) and zinc mixture (Brass). The kinds of accesorries
that used to head to toe accessory (crown), ear (kundala), arm bangle
Model of spears have two parts standing upright, there are spears eye
(blade or bamboo lath) and spears handle (landeyan). Many kind of models
of spears eye. There are sharp to flat, lingiran or form an angel like star fruit.
Round to stretch legwise, trisula, uneven tortous (luk) like luk of creese, and
then kudi model like flying heron to already to refine and softy. The spears
eyes (eye of spears) are affected from metal, iron, steel that sometime to let
of name (Meteor stone). Even though of spears handle usually from wood,
bamboo, and the last from rattan. While the function of spears there are
ceremony completely, heirloom, and heritage of war, hunter, and interior
house of Javanese (Javanese Interior). Interior spear usually completely with
songsong that is big umbrella into the door of front verandah. It is standing
position of hole in the pole (ploncon) with eyes spear up to up. I found it
interesting to see each three spears has different shape like it has swirl and
sharp at the end.
Aisyahs Items
1) Surya Majapahit
Ganesha, also known as Ganapati and Vinayaka, is one of the bestknown and most worshipped deities in the Hindu pantheon. Hindu sects
worship him regardless of affiliations. Devotion to Ganesha is widely diffused
and extends to Jains and Buddhists.
Although he is known by many attributes, Ganesha's elephant head
makes him easy to identify. Ganesha is widely revered as the remover of
obstacles, the patron of arts and sciences and the deva of intellect and
wisdom. As the god of beginnings, he is honoured at the start of rituals and
ceremonies. Ganesha is also invoked as patron of letters and learning during
writing sessions. Several texts relate mythological anecdotes associated with
his birth and exploits and explain his distinct iconography.
I found Arca Ganesha is interesting because of its unique presence as a
god in an elephant form. The fact that Hindu people worship him as the god
of knowledge become another reason of why I want to documentate this
statue.
3) Samuderamanthana
interesting to be learnt as well as the shape and the function of the miniature
temple which is very unique.
4) Arca Camundi
The water vase or Jambanan Air is a bowl with half ball form in the
base, and cylindrical on its upper section, decorated with water lily spate,
tumpal, and plants. It was made of day by wheel technique and press, and
scratch cast for its ornaments. It was functioned as a water container
This vase is interesting to me because it is placed in a glass box, for its
vulnerability and delicate structure. Moreover, it was an amazement that
items with its history for being used as an everyday household furniture for
people from couple of centuries back then.
antique relics of the Majapahit kingdom. In the museum we can also learn the history of
Majapahit and a little bit information about Segaran pond.
"The truth of the habit of feasting on the edge of the pool Segaran, unnecessary debate.
Because folklore that developed was based on the perception and their findings, "said Joko
Umbaran. With historical data stored in the Museum of Trowiulan, also based on a growing
variety of folklore, Retired District Archaeological Service of Mojokerto concluded that, the
making of Segaran is a top priority of supporting the people's economy, especially in agriculture.
The evident was from the moment its function as a reservoir for the irrigation of rice fields
surrounding communities. In addition to tour, local residents take advantage of this pond as a
fishing area. Even if every day the fish was caught, fish from the Segaran pond will not be
discharged; even some time ago discovered the crocodile-headed fish.
Our
Picture
at the
Segaran
Pond
CONCLUSION
Our field trip to Trowulan Museum was such an insightful and a fun trip.
Now we are able to acknowledge a little bit part of Indonesian ancient history
which is Majapahit empire. The heritages of the empire are now stored on
Trowulan Museum as a form of beautiful collections that came with many
wonderful of stories. Segaran Pond as a part of the museum complex as well
as the empire heritage is also gave us many useful information and new
experience.