Alfred Binet (July 8, 1857 Oct. 18, 1911) French psychologist who invented the first practical intelligence test, the Binet-Simon scale. His principal goal was to identify students who needed special help in coping with the school curriculum. Along with his collaborator Thodore Simon, Binet published revisions of his intelligence scale in 1908 and 1911, the last appearing just before his death. Lewis Madison Terman (January 15, 1877 December 21, 1956) an American psychologist, noted as a pioneer in educational psychology in the early 20th century at the Stanford Graduate School of Education. He is best known for his revision of the StanfordBinet IQ test and for initiating the longitudinal study of children with high IQs called the Genetic Studies of Genius. Stanford University, where the original test was revised by Louis Terman in 1916 A commonly used test of cognitive abilities. It assesses verbal and nonverbal reasoning by subtests that assess a person's language fluency, three-dimensional thought processes, and pattern recognition skills. The test was first used in the late 1800s as an approximate means of classifying and comparing intellectual function in broad groups of people. It has been revised many times since then and is used for a variety of purposes, including the classification of military recruits and the assessment of individuals thought to have subnormal intelligence. Wechsler Test David "Wex" Wechsler (January 12, 1896 May 2, 1981) was a leading American psychologist. He developed well-known intelligence scales, such as the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale The Wechsler Intelligence Scales are a series of standardized tests used to evaluate cognitive abilities and intellectual abilities in children and adults. Purpose The Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children (regular, revised, and third edition) and Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence are used as tools in school placement, in determining the presence of a learning disability or a developmental delay, in identifying giftedness, and in tracking intellectual development. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales (regular and revised) are used to determine vocational ability, to assess adult intellectual ability in the classroom, and to determine organic deficits. Both adult and children's Wechsler scales are often included in neuropsychological testing to assess the brain function of individuals with neurological impairments. Description All of the Wechsler scales are divided into six verbal and five performance subtests. The complete test takes 60-90 minutes to administer. Verbal and Performance IQs are scored based on the results of the testing, and then a composite Full Scale IQ score is computed.