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Journal of Thermal Stresses

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TRANSIENT THERMAL STRESS PROBLEM IN A

TRANSVERSELY ISOTROPIC FINITE CIRCULAR CYLINDER
UNDER THREE-DIMENSIONAL TEMPERATURE FIELD
Naotake Noda

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu, 432, Japan

Version of record first published: 27 Mar 2007.

To cite this article: Naotake Noda (1983): TRANSIENT THERMAL STRESS PROBLEM IN A TRANSVERSELY ISOTROPIC FINITE
CIRCULAR CYLINDER UNDER THREE-DIMENSIONAL TEMPERATURE FIELD, Journal of Thermal Stresses, 6:1, 57-71
To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01495738308942166

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TRANSIENT THERMAL STRESS PROBLEM IN A TRANSVERSELY

ISOTROPIC FINITE CIRCULAR CYLINDER UNDER
THREE-DIMENSIONAL TEMPERATURE FIELD
Naotake Noda
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shizuoka University

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Hamama~u,432,Japan

This paper is concerned with a transient thermal stress problem in a finite

circular transversely isotropic solid cylinder subjected to an asymmetrical
temperature distribution on a cylindrical surface. The stress fields are found
by use of potential functions method. As an example, the temperature and
stress fields for a specific case are computed for the sake of comparison to the
isotropic body.

INTRODUCTION
In recent years, owing to the increased use of anisotropic construction materials in
structures, considerable interest has been devoted to thermal stress problems in
anisotropic bodies. A number of papers have been published on steady-state transversely isotropic thermoelastic problems [1-6]. However, few investigations of transient thermal stress problems in transversely isotropic bodies have been carried out.
Takeuti and Noda proposed a general solution method for the three-dimensional
transient thermoelastic problems in transversely isotropic bodies [7]. Sugano solved
transient thermal stresses and deformation in a transversely isotropic finite circular
cylinder [8], and Sugano and Takeuti solved the transient thermal stresses in a
transversely isotropic thick plate with a cylindrical hole [9] using Singh's method [3].
These papers were concerned with the symmetrical temperature fields, and there is no
investigation for the transient thermal stress problem in transversely isotropic bodies
under three-dimensional temperature field.
In this paper, we treat a transient thermal stress problem in a finite circular
cylinder with the transverse isotropy subjected to an asymmetrically arbitrary temperature distribution on the cylindrical surface by use of the potential functions method
described in our previous paper [7]. To present the effects of the transverse isotropy,
numerical results for temperature and the stress fields are shown in figures and are
compared with those for the isotropic body.

Copyright

Journal of Thermal Stresses, 6:57-71,1983

1983 by Hemisphere Publishing Corporation
0149-5739/83/010057-15 $2.75
57

58

N.NODA

ANALYSIS
Temperature Field
Consider a transversely isotropic finite solid circular cylinder, as
subjected to an asymmetrical temperature distribution expressed
Tnf(O)g(z) on the cylindrical surface with a heat transfer into
medium. The transient heat conduction equation of the transversely
is expressed by

shown in Fig. I,
in the form of
the surrounding
isotropic cylinder

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(I)
where T is the temperature change, A2 = Az/Ar is the ratio of thermal conductivity
coefficients in the axial and radial directions, K = Ar/er is the thermal diffusivity, r is the
density, c is the specific heat, t is time, and the comma denotes partial differentiation
with respect to a variable.
The solution of Eq. (I) must satisfy the following boundary and initial conditions

=a

T'r + hr{T-Taf(B)glz) )
T,z

on

=a
=

hzT

=a

on

at

(2)

(3)

where h, and h, are the relative heat transfer coefficients at r = a and z = I,

respectively, a is the radius of the circular cylinder, I is the length of the circular
cylinder, Tn is the constant temperature.
To simplify, we assume that functions f(O) and g(z) satisfy the following relations
f(B)

= fl-B)

g(z)

(4)

= g(-z)

For convenience, we introduce the following dimensionless quantities:

T
/; t

"r ah r ,
t' o::t/a z

TIT",

l/a

Hz

ah z

P .. ria.

1;."

z/a .

Tafl819(Z)

hr

hz

Fig. I Finite circular cylinder.

TRANSIENT THERMAL STRESS PROBLEM

59

Using the Laplace transform, we obtain the temperature field:

00

I. L

00

[TnmIn(ASmP)+

n=Om=l

k=l

TnmkJn(8nkP)exp{-(8~m+A2S~)t'}J

x cos sm~ cos ne

(5)

where

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Tnmk
f(6)

fncos

ne

n=O

and

~n k

g(~)

m=l

gmc o s Sm~

are the positive roots of the equation

sm are the positive roots of the equation

S sin S~ 1 - HzcOS S~ 1 = 0

and In(p) is a Bessel function of the nth order, and In(p) is a modified Bessel function
of nth order.

11hern1al Stresses
Consider an asymmetrical thermoelastic problem in a transversely isotropic solid
circular cylinder. The stress-strain relations are

(6)

where Cjj and ~j are the material constants of the transverse isotropy. The displacement-strain relations are

60

N.NODA

c re = r -I Ur'S + uS'r

ZZ

UZ'Z

ur'z + uZ'r

rz

-1

Ue

(7)

e ze = us'z + r -1 Uz'e

where u" uo, and U z are the displacements in the r, (), and z directions, respectively.
In the absence of body forces, the equibrium equations are

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-1
-1
(Orr-Oee)
rr'r + x er'e + a zr'z + r
-1
2r- lo
rB'r + r ee'e + z8'z +
re
-1
-1
rz'r + r 0ez'e + a zz'z + r a rz

(8)

0
0

Substituting Eqs. (6) and (7) into Eq. (8), the corresponding displacement equations
are
C, l (Ur'rr+r

-1

Ur'r-r

-2

Ur)+{Cll-C,Zlr

-I

+ (CII+C,Z)r

- 2

ue're/2-{3Cl1-C1Z)r

-2

Ur'ee/ 2+C" ur'zz

_

Ue'e/2+{C'3+C )Uz'rz=B,T'r

(9)
To solve the equilibrium Eqs. (9), we introduce the displacement potentials ,
X defined by

n, and

-, I/J'e

ur

<P'r + r

Ue

Uz

k<P,z + X'z

-1

<P'e

t/J,

+ >I'r

-1
I/J'r + r >I'e

(10)

Substitution of Eqs. (10) into Eqs. (9) yields

(II)
(12)

and

TRANSIENT THERMAL STRESS PROBLEM

61

(l3)

where tl l = 02/ or2 + r- I a/or + r- 2 02/0()2, and n and X are particular solutions of
Eqs. (l3).
A nontrivial solution for t/J can be found only if the two equations in Eqs. (11) are
identical. This requires that
{I 4)

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where /l is another constant. Eliminating k from Eq. (l4) leads to:

(IS)
Associated with each root /li (i
satisfies the differential equation

= I,

2) of Eq. (IS) is a potential function t/Ji that

1,2

{I 6)

We put

(17)
o,Ji

satisfies the differential equation

61~

+ U3~'ZZ

{I 8)

0 .

Then Eqs. (l0) become

(19)

The traction-free boundary conditions are given by

"rz

on

r = a

(20)

on

(21)

Now we take the acceptable solutions for t/J.,

q,2,

o,Ji,

n, and

X as follows:

62

N.NODA

In(/il,smP) cos sm' +<InO'y ni2EOiJo (niP) cosh (ni,/!iJ; J

~=1
~

+ (1-0 n O)

L a~~EnkJn(ankP)cosh(ank,//il,)+.Y

k=1

)=1

O-).2 Gn j

(22)

x In (!iJ; 0 j p l cos 0 j ' 1cos ne

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x In (!iJ,smP) cos sm' +<InO.

L ni 2FOi Jo (niPlcosh(ni,/!iJ,l

~=1
~

(l-on O) L a~~FnkJn(ankP)coSh(ank'/~)+.L oj'H n j

k=1

)=1

(23)

x In(~OjP)cos OJ' lcos ne

~

I [I

Taa

n=1 m=1

s~'LnmIn(liJsmP)cos Sm' +
3

i=1

y~iMniJn(YniPl
(24)

Ta a

cc

co

L L

n=Om=1

[Anmln(~smP)+

L AnmkJn(ankP)

k=1

(25)

(26)
where OJ

=j7r/~ I, 'Yn;

are the i1h positive roots of the equation

(27)
17; are the i1h positive roots of the equation
J, (n)

= 0

and Un, Vn e Cnm, ... , are the unknown coefficients.

Substituting Eqs. (25) and (26) into Eqs. {I 3), we find

(28)

TRANSIENTTHERMALSTRESS PROBLEM

63

(Anm,B n m)

Tnm/S~'

[{ii,

(C .. A'-C,,)+B, (C,,+C ..

n. {ii, (C"A'-C .. )

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_ a 2 S 2 (C +C )' }
nk m 13
....

(30)

The substitution of Eqs. (22)-(26) into Eq. (6) gives the thermal stress cornponents:

Ta

n=O

[[(n(c,,-C,,)/4+(C,,+C 12)/2-k,C, ,/Il, }pn-n(n-1)

x (C,,-C , 2) o
/

n-2 ,

~ /2Il,)u n+[{n(C"-C 12)/4+(C,,+C 12)/2-k 2C,,

1l,}pn-n(n-1) (C ll-C 12 )

pn-2~2/2Il,JVn+ j

(Gnj [{ (C
,)
]=1
"Il,-k,C,

+ n(n-1) (C,,-C12)/p'oj!In(liJ";0jP)-(C"-C12)/iI,ln+1(IiJ";0jP)

(C,,-C,,)~In+1(IiJ:,jP)/POjJ+n(c,,-C,,)Nnj{In+l(/iI,OjP)

~/OjP+(n-1)In(/iI,OjP)/P'Oj!)COSOj~+.I

1=1

[E Oi{-(C,,+k,/Il ,

C, ,)J o (niP)+(C,,-C,,)J, (niP)/pnJ cosh(ni~/IiJ;")

+ FiO{-(C,,+k,c,,/Il,)Jo(niP)+(c,,-C,,)J,(niP)/pni)
x

cosh(ni~/IiJ;) ]Con+kIJEnk[{n(n-1) (C"-c,,)/a~kP2_(C,,

64

N.NODA
cc

+ iI1Mnin(c, ,-C,,)
x

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cosh(Yni'/~)+

{(n-1)Jn(YniP)/Y~iP'-Jn+l(YniP)/YniP)

tCnm[{(Cll~,-klCI3)+n(n-1)

m=lll:

(Cll-C I,)

p's~}In(~SmP)-(Cll-C,,) ~In+1 (~SmP)/PSm]+Dnm[{(CII

co

x I +l(AS p)]+
n

k=l

a'k+ S'C
B mk+ a l T mk)
m 13 n
n

[(-(C,I A mk
n
n

(31)

(Jee

r [[(n(C,,-C,,)/4+(CII+C,,)/2-kIC'3/~I}pn

a . n=O

+ n(n-1) CC ll-C 12)P

n-2 ,

,/2~,]Un+[{n(C12-Cll)/4+(Cll+C12)/2

n
n-2 z
~ (
- k,C13/~'}P +n(n-1) (C ll-C 12)P
,/2~21Vn\;1 Gn j [{(C 12
k , C, 3 ) - n (n -1) (C, 1 -C I , ) / P , <5

j }In ( ~ <5 j P ) + I n + 1 ( ';;;-;-<5 j P )

u 1-

N .[/'iJ':'I +1(!iJ6.p)/6.p+(n-1)I (/'iJ':'36.p)/p'6~}]cos6.,

n)
3 n
3)
J
n
J
)
J

- .y

~=1

[EOi{(C,,+kIC'3/~,)JO (TliP)+(C,,-C,,)J I (TliP)/TliP)

~E

J l (Tl.p)}cosh(Tl.,/!iJ;)]6
+
k[-{nCn-1) (C'l-C,,)
~
~
on k=l~ n

TRANSIENT THERMAL STRESS PROBLEM

65

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x (1-o 0 nl-. L Mnin(C,,-CI'~ {(n-1)Jn(YniP)/Y~iP'-,Tn+l (YniP)

~-1
.
/

YniP}COSh(YniC/~l+mI1[Cnm[{(C"UI-k,C,,)-n(n-1l/p'S~

(C,,-C , 2l }In(~SmP)+(CI,-C,,)~In+1(~SmP)/psml

2)
+ R,Tnmkl-(C,,-C,2lAnrnkn(n-1l/p
In(BnkP)-Anrnk(C, ,-C,,)

Bnk J n+ 1 (BnkP) /p]exp{- (B~k+>. 's~ ) t'} ]COS Smc] cos n8

.L

)-1

[Gnj (C , ,1l1-k,C, ,)In(!iJIOjP)+Hnj (C l ,u,-k,C, ,)

x In(~ojP)

]COSOjC-iL (E Oi (CI,+k,C,,/ll,)cosh(DiVIil';)

In(BnkP) (1-o0n)+ L [Cnrn(CI,u,-k,C"lIn(!iJ,srnP)+Dnm

m-1

(32)

N.NODA

66
00

I"

x In(ASmP)- I, (C13Anrnk8nl<+smC"Bnmk+8,Tnrnl<)Jn(8nl<p
l<=1
X

exp{-(8~l<+),2s~lt')Jcos Sm~]cosn6

(33)

~Vn+) [Gnj(l+k,) (!iJ;I n+1(!iJ;0jP)+nI n{!iJ;0jP)/OjP)

J=1

+ Hnj(1+l<2) (~In+1(~OjPI+nIn(~OjP)/OjP)+Nnjn/OjP

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00

In(IiJ,OjP)Jsinoj~+

L
i=1

[E Oi(1+k l/liJ-sinh{lli1JIiJ)
"
1
00

+ FOi(1+k,l/~-sinh(lli~/~)lJl(lliPJoOn+

[Enl</!iJ;

k=1

(1+k,) sinh (8nl<~/liJl J +Fnl< (1+k 2 I /~ - sinh CBnk V~ J 1

{In+1CBnkPl-nJnCBnkPJ/BnkP}(1-o0nl-

L nMni/!iJ;YniP

i=1

I +1(AS mP)+nI n(AS mPJ/p}+sm

(Anmk+Bnmk) {nJn(BnkPI/p
n
l<=1

BnkJn+l (Bnl<p) Jexp{-

(B~k+A2s~1 t ' ) ]sin sm~] cos

(34)

n6

00

+ .Ll[nGnj(1+l<1)In(1iJ10jP)/OjP+nHnj(1+k,lIn(~OjPJ/OjP
J=
00

+ NnJ{IiJIn+1(IiJOJp)+nIn(IiJOJPI/ojPlsinoJ~ -n
{Enl<
" ,
l<= 1
X

(1+k 1 lsinh(Bnl<VIiJ1 l/IiJ+F

J/IiJ)
nk(1+l< 2 lsinh(Bnl<~/1iJ
1
2.
2.

JnCBnl<pJ/Bnl<P+,Y Mni{Jn+1(YniPJ-nJn(YniPl/YniP}/~
1=1

sinh (Yni V~ l +

00

m=1

[nC n m {1+l< 1 I In (1iJ1 smP J /smp+nOnm/SmP

TRANSIENTTHERMALSTRESS PROBLEM

+ smn(Anm+Bnm)In(AsmP)/P+

67

smn(Anmk+Bnmk)Jn(BnkP)/p

k=1
x exp{-

(B~k+A2S~) t') ]sin Sm/;]

(35)

sin n8

n /2-(n-l)p n-2 /; 2 /~l)/2+nVn/2

-(Cll-C12)Ta" ';L [
nUn{p
n=1
x

{pn/2-(n-l)pn-2/;2/~2)+jII[nGnj{~In+1 (~10jP)/OjP

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+ (n-I)In(~,OjP)/ojp2}+nHnj{~In+I(~OjP)/OjP+I/ojp2

i=1

Mni[{n(n-I)/Y~iP'-1/2)Jn(YniP)+Jn+I(YniP)/YniP)

x cosh (Yni i;/IU) +

3

+ n

rn=l

[nC nm{ ~ In+! (IU SmP) /smP+ (n-I) /S~p2

1

Anmk{(n-I)Jn(BnkP)/p'-BnkJn+I(BnkP)/P}

k=1
x

eXP{-(B~k+A'sIiJ)t'}]cOSSm~sinne

(36)

By using the boundary conditions Eqs. (20) and (21), we can determine the unknown
coefficients. The method of determining the unknown coefficients is the same as given
in [10].

NUMERICAL RESULTS
Numerical calculations were carried out for a transversely isotropic finite circular
cylinder with the temperature distribution on circular surface as shown in Fig. 2. In
this case, the functions f(O) and g(r) are expressed as

68

N. NODA

x
b

glZ)
b .1
To I

hr
hz

Y--t----.::Y

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Fig. 2 Finite circular cylinder with an arbitrary temperature.

f(S)

H(so-lsl)

g(1;)

H(,,-I,I)

where H( ) is the Heaviside step function. For the sake of simplicity, we assumed
= 2,

"

"

= b!a = 0.2,

So = 30,

Hr = I,

Hz = 0.1

and material coefficients were taken (for graphite) as

Er

10.34

G Pa

Ez

11.72

G Pa

4.14

G Pa

Gr

vr s

vr z

I)r

6
3.9 x 10-

I)z

3.5

Ar

1.172

\'l!(m'K)

AZ

1. 340

\'1! (,n'K)

0.11

10- 6

(K-' )
(K-

In the figures, the following dimensionless quantities are used:

T

eS

T!T a
a es! (TaErl)r)

Figures 3-5 show the axial variations of temperatures, the hoop and axial stresses on

TRANSIENT THERMAL STRESS PROBLEM

"'...

t,=2 ,t.=0.2, 8. =30

(~"'0.2

H,= I, Hz=O.1

0.1

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o L~~~::::::::=':;:::::==::;;::=====:;
1.5

2.0

Fig.3 Temperature distribution in an axial direction.

0-0.10

--RIGOROUS SOWTlON

'"

- - - -. APPROXIMATE SOWTION

t,=2, t.=0.2, 8.=30

-0.05

H, =1.0, H. =0.1

20

1.5

Fig. 4 Comparison of rigorous and approximate solutions.

- - RIGOROUS SOLUTION
----APPROXIMATE SOLUTION

t,=2,t.=0.2,80=30
H r =1.0,

Hz= 0.1

1.5

2.0

Fig. 5 Comparison of rigorous and approximate solutions with respect to axial stresses in an axial
directions.

69

70

N.NODA

-0,1
o

...,.

~, =1, ~.=0.2, 80=30.

t;It

H, I, Hz=O.l

-0.05

80
120

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160

Fig. 6 Hoop stress distribution in an circumferential direction.

0.05

~, =2,~.= 0.2, 80 30

...,.
It

H,=I,Hz=O.1

80

I::;::

Fig. 7 Axial stress distribution in an circumferential direction.

CI>

~-O.IO

- - GRAPHITE
----- ISOTROPY

~, =2, ~.=0.2,80=30

-0.05

Hr=I, Hz=O.1

0.01

0.1

1.0
t'

Fig. 8 Hoop and radial stresses at

= I and 0 = t = 0 as a function of t'.

TRANSIENT THERMAL STRESS PROBLEM

71

the lateral surface at the various dimensionless times. In Figs. 4 and 5, solid lines
denote the exact solution, and dashed lines denote the approximate solution using the
principle of Saint Venant.
Figures 6 and 7 show the circumferential variations of the hoop and axial stresses
on the lateral surface at the various dimensionless times. It is clear from these figures
that maximum values of hoop and axial stresses occur at the center on the lateral
surface (\ = 0 and p = 1). Therefore, we show the time dependence on hoop and axial
stresses at the center on the lateral surface in Fig. 8. In Fig. 8, solid lines denote the
graphite and dashed line an isotropic material.

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REFERENCES
I. B. Sharman and M. Pradesh, Thermal Stresses in Transversely Isotropic Semi-infinite Elastic

Solids, J. Appl. Mech., vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 86-88, 1958.

2. Z. Mossakowska and W. Nowacki, Thermal Stresses in Transversely Isotropic Bodies, Arch.
Mech. Stosow .. vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 569-603, 1958.
3. A. Singh, Axisymmetrieal Thermal Stresses in Transversely Isotropic Bodies, Arch. Mcch.
SfOSOW., vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 287-304, 1960.
4. A. Y. Akoz and T. R. Tauchert, Thermal Stresses in an Orthotropic Elastic Sernispace, J. Appl.
Mech., vol. 39, no. I, pp. 87-90, 1972.
5. T. R. Tauchert and A. Y. Akoz, Thermal Stresses in an Orthotropic Elastic Slub Due to
Prescribed Surface Temperatures, J. Appl. Mech., vol. 41, no. I, pp. 222-228, 1974.
6. J. C. Misra and S. N. Maiti, Thermoelastic Stress Distribution in the Vicinity of an External
Crack in an Infinite Solid of Transversely Isotropic Material, Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci" vol. 22, no.
11, pp. 567-578, 1974.
7. Y. Takeuti and N. Noda, A General Treatise on the Three-dimensional Thermoelasticity of
Curvilinear Aeolotropic Solids, 1. Therm. Stresses, vol. I, no. I, pp. 25-39, 1978.
8. Y. Sugano, Transient Thermal Stresses in a Transversely Isotropic Finite Circular Cylinder Due
to an Arbitrary Internal Heat-Generation, Int. J. Eng. Sci., vol. 17, no. 8, pp. 927-939, 1979.
9. Y. Sugano and Y. Takeuti, Transient Thermal Stresses in a Transversely Isotropic Thick Plate
with a Cylindrical Hole Due 10 Surface Heat-Generations, Proc. Sth Int. Conf SMiRT. vol,
M-ll/4, pp. 1-9, J979.
10. Y. Takeuti and N. Noda, Three-Dimensional Transient Thermal Stresses in a Finite Circular
Cylinder Under Nonaxisymmetric Temperature Distribution, J. Therm. Stresses. vol. 3, no. 2,
pp. 159-183, 1980.
Communicated by Y. Takeuti on March 16, 1982

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