Q1. How can we overcome such situation?

India is one of fastest developing economies of the world and to continue to grow India need to solve
its energy crisis. Some methods of solving the energy crisis in India are given below.
1. Use International Models:
Switzerland has a very good model - the electricity for the households is very expensive
during the day, but cheaper during the evenings. So? Well, they are able to route more
electricity to the industries during daytime, and people usually do their laundry etc. during
evenings. This reduces their "peak hour" demand, which helps decrease the installation
capacity.
2. Modernize Coal India:
Indian coal is up to 45% shale and rock (noncombustible material that turns into fly ash in
power plants). The sensible thing to do is to remove this non-combustible material before
coal is loaded on to trains. But Coal India does no beneficiation of coal before it is
dispatched. Railway wagons move around the country carrying useless shale and rock,
wasting precious diesel and power in the process.
3. Improve Indias Distribution network:
According to Indias energy minster Piyush Goyal 39% of the total energy produced is lost in
transmission. We can improve this by Integration of electrical circuit theory with location
maps in GIS environment enable to identify alternative configurations having reduced line
losses.
4. Give faster clearance to new energy projects:
While the official timeframe to obtain environmental clearances is 150210 days, in practice,
the process takes anywhere from two to six years. Indeed, in 2012, the approval of 180 coal
projects was delayed due to clearance delays from the environment ministry.
5. Stop subsidizing electricity:
The subsidized energy burdens government budgets, limiting the scope for investment in new
infrastructure and technology. For instance, State Electricity Boards buy power from
producers at market prices and sell to consumers at discounted rates. With huge losses
incurred, SEBs struggle to invest in much needed infrastructural improvements.

Q2. Which renewable resources can be developed in India?

India can develop the following renewable resources
Solar power, a clean renewable resource with zero emission, has got tremendous potential of
energy which can be harnessed using a variety of devices. With recent developments, solar energy
systems are easily available for industrial and domestic use with the added advantage of minimum
maintenance.
Hydro Electric Power
India has a huge hydro power potential, out of which around 20 % has been realized so far. New
hydro projects are facing serious resistance from environmentalists. Resettlement of the displaced
people with their lands becomes major issue.
Biomass energy can play a major role in reducing Indias reliance on fossil fuels by making use of
thermo-chemical conversion technologies. In addition, the increased utilization of biomass-based
fuels will be instrumental in safeguarding the environment.
Wind power is one of the most efficient alternative energy sources. Wind farm concept is becoming
popular. It could be combined with solar, especially for a total self-sustainability project. In India
wind energy cold be used in villages to become self sustaining and ensure steady supply of
electricity.
Q3. Which country is most energy efficient and what is the reason behind that?
According to Forbes, Japan is the worlds most energy efficient economy. The most important
reasons for JAPAN ranking 1:
1. High-energy tax. Most companies and households will love to use energy less and in a better
way to avoid this.
2. Japan has a very high literacy rate and therefore this is lot of public awareness. This awareness
ensures sustainable investment in energy saving technologies and less misuse of electricity
3. Aggressive government initiatives like giving incentives to households using less electricity.
4. Strict environmental laws also contribute by ensuring that all electronic appliances and
machines meet minimum electricity efficiency criteria.
Compare petroleum, bio-fuel and CNG with respect to its availability and effect on environment.
CNG
Compressed Natural Gas is a cheap fuel to make and use, which is why it is so widespread in public
transport.. The emissions and hydrocarbons that are released as a by product of CNG usage are
lesser than those created by regular fuel. Carbon monoxide emissions are down by 70-85% while
hydrocarbon levels are reduced by 40-60%. Availability is not as widespread as regular gas stations.
Within the city users probably have a list of stations that fall in their route, but beyond that it is an
uncertainty.

BIO fuel

Fuels that have been extracted from plants and crops are known as biofuels. Most of the sources of
BIO fuel (manure, corn, switchgrass, soyabeans, waste from crops and plants) are renewable. To
reduce the impact of greenhouse gases, people around the world are using biofuels. Studies
suggests that biofuels reduces greenhouse gases up to 65 percent. Even with all the benefits
associated with biofuels, they are quite expensive to produce in the current market. As biofuels are
produced from crops and these crops need fertilizers to grow better. The downside of using
fertilizers is that they can have harmful effects on surrounding environment and may cause water
pollution. Large quantities of water are required to irrigate the biofuel crops and it may impose
strain on local and regional water resources.
Petroleum
Petroleum Has High Density. The average 1kg of burnt oil can generate 10,000 kcal. Technologies
used for extracting oil beneath the earths surface are well developed. Nowadays, it is extremely
easy to exploit oil deposits. The reduced technical and physical effort made oil cheap. petroleum is
in liquid form, so its pretty easy to transport. It can be brought from the site to the power plant
through pipes, or vehicles and can be stored easily. petroleums resource is now limited. The high
demands of the modern world for energy have stressed the conventional sources of oil reserves.
Extracting and burning oil generates greenhouse gasses that contribute to environmental pollution
and global warming.
How energy crises would affect the development of any country if the problem is not resolved?
Energy is an Economy's life and blood. The economic progress of a nation will be at risk. Multi
national companies wont invest in a country where there is uncertainty over energy. Prices of many
commodities will touch skies, as they will be forced to pay more money to private companies
supplying electricity. The country facing the energy crisis would have to increase its exports
causing it currency to depreciate, and its foreign currency reserves will decrease. Industries will
have to be shut down for at least some days to ensure supply to critical institutions like hospitals.
The overall impact will kill the economy of a nation.
Q6. As per your understanding which renewable energy resource can be considered as best? Justify
your answer.
All renewables are cursed with fundamental problems. One illustration. in Texas, when it gets hot
and the demand for electricity spikesthe wind stops blowing. Solar energy also has its own
setback, sunlight varies from season to season and in some countries its only present for 2 or 3
months. Though geo thermal is promising, volcanoes are usually close making it to risky to create a
power plant and the plant many run for 100 years or just 10 years because magma moves.
Hydropower is another largely untapped source but constructing a hydro power station is too
expensive and has a very harsh impact on the environment. Nuclear power plants can provide lot of
electricity but nuclear waste is impossible to dispose and a single radiation leak can have effects on
generations. Bio mass is the most promising of all but it produces methane which is also harmful
for our environment. Therefore I think all the renewable energy sources must be used in a
combination to make the best use of them, calling a single energy source best is nearly impossible
because all of them have major hindrances based on climatic conditions.

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