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MARK SCHEME FOR MODULE SCORE A BERITA HARIAN 2010

IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGIES IN CHEMISTRY.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.

Hydrocarbon
Isomers
Empirical formula
Electrolysis
Oxidizing agent
Reducing agent
Exothermic reactions
Endothermic reactions
Heat of neutralization
Melting point
Strong alkali
Strong acid
Weak alkali
Weak acid
The rate of reaction
Salts
Activation energy
Saponification
Redoxs
Unsaturated hydrocarbon
Double dissociation reactions/precipitate reactions
Vulcanization
The heat of displacement
Polymerisation
Polymers

ANSWERS WITH IN CORRECT TERMS, WORDS OR INCORRECT KEY WORDS

BIL.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10

INCORRECT TERMS
[TIDAK TEPAT]
Chocolate precipitate
A stable atom
Melting point is the point where solid start to changes
to liquid.
Clear solution
Nucleus contains 1 proton number and 1 neutron
number
Sodium donates electron
Magnesium is more active than zinc
ECS
In the electrochemical series, magnesium is more
reactive than zinc
In the reactivity series, magnesium is more
electropositive than zinc

CORRECT TERMS
[TEPAT]
Brown precipitate
Atom that achieved octet/duplet electron
arrangement
Melting points is the temperature where solid
start to changes to liquid
Colourless solution
Nucleus contains 1 proton and 1 neutron
Sodium atom donates one electron
Mgnesium is more reactive than zinc
Electrochemical series
In the electrochemical series, magnesium is
more electropositive than zinc
In the reactivity series, magnesium is more
reactive than zinc

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Question 1
i..

Mg +

2HCl

MgCl2 +

ii.

O2- +

2H+

H2 O

iii.

[Na

2H + + 2e

Na+ +
H2

H2

e]x2

iv.

2Na + 2H + 2Na+ + H2
MnO4 - + 8H+ + 5e Mn2 + + 4H2O

i.

Cr2O7 2- + 14H+ + 6e 2Cr 3+ + 7H2O

Question 2
Type of gases
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Chlorine
Carbon dioxide

Method
Put in lighted wooden splinter
into the test tube
Put in glowing wooden splinter
into the test tube
Put in moist blue litmus paper
into the test tube
Bubble-up the gas through
limewater

Observation
POP sound hear/heard
Glowing wooden splinter lights
up / rekindles
Moist blue litmus paper turns
red and then bleaches
Lime water become
cloudy/milky/chalky

QUESTION 3
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.

CuCO3 CuO + CO 2
[2 marks]
When 1 mole of copper(II) carbonate is heated, it produced
1 mole of copper(II) oxide dan 1 mole of carbon dioxide gas.[1 mark]
Residue: copper(II) oxide
Colourless gas : carbon dioxide
[2 marks]
Solid.
[1 mark]
a) 124/124 = 1 mol
[1 mark]
b) 1. 1 mole of CuCO3 1 mole of CO2
2. Mole for CO2 = 1mol
3. Volume of gas produce = 1 x 24 dm 3
= 24 dm 3
[3 marks]
4. CuO + 2HCl CuCl2 + H2O
[3 marks]
5.
1. Add sodium hydroxide solution until excess
2. Blue precipitate formed
3. Copper(II) ions present.
[ 3 marks]

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QUESTION 4
(a)

Double decomposition reaction/ precipitation reaction

(b)

(i)
(ii)

(c)
(d)

Zinc oxide.
ZnCO3 ZnO + CO2

(e)

(i)
(ii)

[ 1mark]
Carbon dioxide gas
limewater becomes cloudy/milky/chalky
[2 marks]
[1 mark]
[2 marks]

6.5/125 = 0.052 mol

[1 mark]

1.
2.
3.
4.

Solid X is Zinc oxide

1 mole of zinc carbonates 1 mole of zinc oxide
Mole for zinc carbonate = 0.052 mol
Mass for zinc oxide produced = 0.052 x 81
= 4.212g

1.
2.
3.

1 mole of zinc carbonates 1 mole of carbon dioxide gas

Mole for zinc carbonate = 0.052 mol
Mass for zinc oxide produced = 0.052 x 24 dm 3
= 1.248g

(iii)

(f)
1. Chloride metal = ZnCl2
2. In 1 mole of ZnCl2, contains 1 mole of Zn 2+ and 2 mole of Cl = 3 mole of ions
2. Number of ions in 1 mole of ZnCl2
= 1 x 3 x 6.02 x 10 23
= 1.89 x 10 24 ions
QUESTION 5

Statement
List of Ions that attracted to
electrodes
Names of the ion selectively
discharged
The reason why the ion are
selectively discharged
Half equation for the reaction
Observation

Electrode X
[Anode]

Electrode Y
[Cathode]

Cl - , OH -

Na + , H +

Chloride ions

Hydrogen ions

Concentration of chloride ions is

more than hydroxide ions

Hydrogen ions is lower than

sodium ion in electrochemical
series.
2H + + 2e H2
Colourless gas produced

2Cl - Cl2 + 2e
Yellowish/Yellow/green gas
produced

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QUESTION 6
i.
1. Anion present = nitrate ions
Chemical test:
1. Add dilute sulphuric acid
2. Add iron(II) sulphate solution
3. Drops slowly concentrated sulphuric acid
4. Brown ring formed
5. Nitrate ions present.
[4 marks]
ii.

Cations present: Ca 2+ , Mg 2+
1. Add sodium hydroxide solution
2. White precipitate formed.
3. Calcium ions ions present.
4. No precipitate, magnesium ions present.
[4 marks]

QUESTION 7:
(a)
(b)
(c )
(d)
(e)

Magnesium ions, aluminium ions, lead(II) ions

Lead(II) ions
Pb 2+ + SO4 2- PbSO4
Magnesium ions and calcium ions.
1.
2.
3.
4.

[ 1 mark]
[1 mark]
[2 marks]
[1 mark]

Add dilute sulphuric acid

White precipitate formed
Calcium ions present
No precipitate, magnesium ions present.
[4 marks]

QUESTION 8
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

green to brown
Fe 2+ Fe 3+ + e
+2 +3
(i)
Reduction
(ii)
MnO4 - + 8H + + 5e Mn 2+ + 4H2O
(iii)
Oxidizing agent

[1 mark]
[1 mark]
[1 mark]
[1 mark]
[1 mark]
[1 mark]

(e)
(f)

[ from iron(II) sulphate acidified potassium manganate(VII) solution ]

to allow ions to move
[1 mark]

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[1 mark]

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QUESTION 9
(a)

(b)

i.
ii.
iii.

Pressure: 60 atm
Catalyst: H3PO4
Temperature: 300 0 C

[ 3 marks ]

(i)

Combustion

[ 1 mark ]

(ii)

C3H7OH + 9/2O2 3CO2 + 4H2O

[ 2 marks ]

(c )

Propan-2-ol

Propan-1-ol
[ 2 marks ]

(d)

[ 2 marks ]

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QUESTION 10
1.

Silicon dioxide

[ 1 mark]

2.

Type of glass

Uses

Lead crystal glass

Soda-lime glass
[2 marks]
(iii)

With stand heat and chemical reaction/ High melting point / Transparent to light and
infrared ray but not ultraviolet ray/ Expand and shrink very little
[1 mark]

QUESTION 11

(a) 2.8.7 / 2,8,7

(b) (i)
(ii)

[1 mark]

Period: 3

[1 mark]

1. Have 3 sheel/orbital
2. Occupied/filled with electrons
[2 marks ]
[1 mark]

(ii)

X,W,V,U

(i)

1. It a stable atom
2. Achieved octet electron arrangement
[2 marks]

(c)

(d)

(i)

(ii)

MgCl 2
high melting point

[1 mark ]
[1 mark ]

(i)
(ii)

covalent compound
low melting point

[1 mark ]
[1 mark ]

(ii)

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[2 marks]
QUESTION 12
(a) electron, proton and neutron
(b) (i)
D/F
(ii)
D: 2.8 , F:2.8.8
(c ) (i)
E
(ii)
Achieved octet electron arrangement
// has 8 valance electrons
(d ) C
(e) 2D+ + C 2- D2C

[1 mark]
[ 1 mark]
[ 1 mark]
[ 1 mark]
[ 1 mark]
[ 1 mark]
[ 2 mark]

ESSAY
QUESTION 1

(a) (i)

Lead(II) chloride // Silver chloride // Mercury chloride [ 1 mark ]

(i)

Chemicals needed: Lead(II) nitrate and sodium chloride // any suitable answer
Name of reaction: precipitation reaction // double decomposition reaction
[ 3 marks]

(b) (i)

Black powder X: Copper(II) oxide

Blue solution Y: Copper(II) chloride
Cation: Copper(II) ion // Cu2+
Anion: Chloride ion // Cl-

(ii)

(iii)

[4 marks]
QUESTION 2
(a)

(i)

Electrolyte is a substance that can conduct electricity when they are in molten or
aqueous state undergo chemical changes

(ii)

sodium chloride solution/hydrochloric acid solution/molten lead(II) iodide/

molten lead(II) bromide
[4 marks]

(b)

Materials :
Iron spoon, silver plate, silver nitrate solution
Apparatus :
Battery/power supply, connecting wires, beaker

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Procedure :
1. Fill/add/pour the silver nitrate solution into a beaker
2. Dip iron spoon as cathode and silver plate as anode
3. Connect to power supply (battery) / Complete the circuit

4.

spoon
Silver plate
Silver nitrate
solution

Half equation:
anode : Ag
Ag+ + e
+
cathode : Ag + e Ag
Observations :
Anode : The silver plate becomes thinner.
Cathode : shinny solid formed/deposited
Ways to achieve a good electroplating:
1. The iron spoon was rotated slowly when the experiment was conducted.
2. The iron spoon must be cleaned using sand paper
[10 marks]
QUESTION 3
19

(a)

1. Heat change when one mole of water is formed

2. reaction between an acid and an alkali.
[2 marks]

(b)
(i)
(ii)

HCl

+ NaOH

NaCl + H2O

[2 marks]

Heat released

= mc
= (25 + 25) (4.2)(13.6) / 2856 J
Heat of neutralization = 2856 / 57 kJ mol-1
0.05
[2 marks]

(iii)
Energy
HCl

+ NaOH

H2O + NaCl

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[2 marks]
(iv)
1.

Ethanoic acid is a weak acid

2. Some of the heat given out is used for the dissociation of molecules
[2 marks]
(c )

Apparatus : Plastic cup/Polystyrene cup, thermometer, measuring cylinder

Materials : [25 100] cm 3 of [0.5 - 2.0] mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid,
[25 100] cm 3 of [0.5 - 2.0] mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide ,
[25 100] cm 3 of [0.5 - 2.0] mol dm-3 sulphuric acid
Procedure:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

[25-100] cm3 of [0.5 -2.0] mol dm-3 hydrochloric acid is measured and
pour into a plastic cup.
[25-100] cm3 of [0.5 - 2.0] mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide is measured and
poured into another plastic cup.
Measure and record the initial temperature for both solutions.
Mix / add the two solutions.
Stir the mixture thoroughly.
Measure and record the highest temperature.
Steps 1 to 6 is repeated using [25-50] cm3 of [0.5-2.0] mol dm-3
sulphuric acid and sodium hydroxide to replace hydrochloric acid and
sodium hydroxide.
Precaution steps :
the plastic cup must be covered / the solutions must be added quickly
/ the temperature reading must be taken immediately after the
addition of solutions
[10 marks]

QUESTION 4
(a)
(i)

Q = mc
= 100 x 4.2 x 13.5
= 5670 J

(ii)

NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O

Mol for NaOH = 50(2.0)/1000
= 0.1 mol
NaOH:H2O is 1:1
Heat of neutralization,H = Q/mol
= 5670/0.1
= 5670 J/mol
= - 5.67 kJmol -1

(b)
Energy
HCl

+ NaOH

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H2O + NaCl
[2 marks]
QUESTION 5:

(a)
(i) the empirical formula
Element
Mass,g
Number of moles
Simplest ratio
Ratio

Carbon, C
60.00
60/12 = 5
5/1.67 = 2.99
3

Hydrogen, H
13.33
13.33/1 = 13.33
13.33/1.67 = 7.98
8

Oxygen, O
26.67
26.67/16 = 1.67
1.67/1.67 = 1
1

The empirical formula = C3H8O / C3H7OH

(ii) the molecular formula
n[3(12)+1(8)+1(16)]
n(60)
n

= 60
= 60
=1

The molecular formula = C3H8O / C3H7OH

(iii) Propanol
(iv) CnH 2n+1 OH
[7 marks]

(b)
Propan-2-ol

Propan-1-ol

[4 marks]

(c)
Explain why there is difference in these observations.
1. Propene is unsaturated hydrocarbon.
2. Able to react with bromine through and addition reaction
3. Propane is saturated hydrocarbon,
4. unable to react with bromine water.
[4 marks]

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QUESTION 6
(a)

(i) The mass of lead(II) carbonate precipitate formed.

1.

PbCl 2 : PbCO3 , 1:1

2.

Mol of lead(II) chloride = 50(1.0)/1000 = 0.05 mol

3.

Mass of lead(II) carbonate formed = 0.05 x 267 = 13.35g

[3 marks]

(ii)

PbCO3 PbO + CO 2
Solid X = lead(II) oxide
Colour = brown when hot, yellow when cooled.
[2 marks]

(iii)

1. Carbon dioxide gas

2. Bubble up the gas through limewater
3. Limewater become cloudy/milky/chalky
[3 marks]

QUESTION 7

(i)

Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2
1.

H2SO4 :H2 , 1:1

2.

Mol for H2SO4 = 50(1.0) / 1000 = 0.05 mol

3.

Volume of carbon dioxide gas produced

= 1.2 dm 3
= 1200 cm 3

= 0.05 x 24 dm 3

[4 marks]
(ii)

the average rate of reaction for the Experiment I, II, and III in cm3 s-1.
Experiment I : average rate of reaction = 1200/100 = 12.0 cm 3 s -1
Experiment II ; average rate of reaction = 1200/40 = 30.0 cm 3 s -1
Experiment III: average rate of reaction = 1200/30 = 40.0 cm 3 s -1
[3 marks]

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(iii)

a factor that effect the rate of reaction for the experiment is temperature.
Effect of Temperature
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

The higher the temperature, the higher the kinetic energy of the reacting particles.
The particles move faster
The frequency of collision increases
The frequency of effective collision increases
Rate of reaction increases.
[6 marks]

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PAPER 3
STRUCTURE:
QUESTION 1:
(a)

Initial burette readings: 0.80 cm3, 13.40 cm3, 25.90 cm3

Final burette readings : 13.40 cm3, 25.90 cm3, 38.40 cm3

(b)
Titration No.
Initial burette
reading/cm3
Final burette
reading/cm3
Volume of acid
used/cm3

I
0.80

II
13.40

II
25.90

13.40

25.90

38.40

12.60

12.50

12.50

(c )

Volume of acid used = 12.6 + 12.5 + 12.5

3
= 12.5 cm3

(d)

6.25 cm3

(e)

When all hydroxide ion completely reacted with hydrogen ions to produced
water/A point at which pink colour of the phenolphthalein in the solution turns
colourless when acid is added.

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QUESTION 2:
(a) When a more/less electropositive metal in contact with iron, the metal inhibits/speeds up
rusting.
(b )

Manipulated variable

metals in contact with

iron//magnesium,copper,zinc

Responding variable

Presence of blue colour

Constant variable

Iron nails//temperature

(c )
Test tube

Inferences

The iron
nail does
not rust

The iron
nail does
not rust

The iron
nail rust
quickly

The iron
nail rust a
little

(d) Oxidation:
Reduction:

Fe

Fe2+ + 2e

O2 + 2H2O + 4e

4OH-

(e) Blue colour is formed when iron is in contact with less electropositive metals
(f ) To detect the presence of iron(II) ions
(g) Because the oxidation and reduction occurring simultaneously/at the same time

(h) Because the presence of hydroxide ions

(i)

+2

(j)

Metals that can provide

sacrificial protection
Magnesium
Zinc

Metals that cannot provide

sacrificial protection
Copper

(k ) Using oil/grease/paints/plastics//alloying//sacrificial protection

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ANSWER:
PLANNING FOR THE EXPERIMENT:
QUESTION 1;
Problem statement:
How do/(Do) different type of metals / (metals X and Y) in contact with iron in the
presence of an electrolyte affect rusting of iron ?
Variables:
Manipulated variable: metal X and metal Y // Different type of metals
Responding variable: the rusting of iron
Fixed variable: iron nail// electrolyte/(named) // agar/jelly solution //temperature
Hypothesis:
Metal Y causes iron nail rusting while metal X does not.// A more electropositive metal/
(metal X) will prevent iron from rusting while a less electropositive metal (metal Y) will
be rusting iron.
Materials:
Iron nails, magnesium strip, zinc strip, aluminium strip, tin strip ,copper strip, lead strip,
silver strip, agar-agar solution + potassium hexacyanoferrate(III)
solution+phenolphthalein indicator, any suitable electrolyte.
Apparatus:
test-tubes, sand paper
Procedure:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Clean iron nails, magnesium ribbon and copper strip with sand paper.
Coil the iron nails with magnesium ribbon and copper strip.
Place all the iron nails in separate test tubes.
Pour the hot agar containing potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) solution and
phenolphthalein indicator into the test tubes.
5. Keep the test tubes in a test tube rack and leave them aside for 3 days.
6. Record your observations.

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Tabulation of data:
Set//Pair of metals
I//Mg-Fe
II//Cu-Fe

Observation

QUESTION 2
Problem statement : How does temperature affect the rate of reaction?
Hypothesis:
The rate of reaction will increase if the temperature of reactants increases
Variables:
Manipulated :
Responding :
Constant
:

temperature
rate of reaction
volume and concentration of acid /
volume and concentration of sodium thiosulphate

Materials:
1 mol dm -3 sulphuric acid, 0.2 mol dm -3 sodium thiosulphate solution, white paper
Apparatus:
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Conical flask, measuring cyclinder, stopwatch, Bunsen burner, wire gauze, tripod stand,
thermometer.
Procedure:
1. An X is marked on a piece of white paper.
2. Using measuring cyclinder, 50 cm 3 of 0.2 mol dm -3 sodium thiosulphate solution
is measured and poured into the conical flask which is the placed on the paper
marked X.
3. The temperature of the sodium thiosulphate solution is recorded.
4. Using measuring cyclinder, 5 cm 3 of 1.0 mol dm -3 sulphuric acid is measured.
5. Immediately, the sulphuric acid is poured into the conical flask and shaken.
6. The stopwatch is started.
7. The formation of yellow precipitate of sulphur is on served at the top of the
conical flask. Time is recorded when the X mark on the white paper is no longer
visible.
8. The experiment is repeated. Each time the temperature of the sodium thiosulphate
solution is increased by 5 0 C .
Tabulation of data:
Temperature of solution/ 0 C
Time / s
1/time ( s -1 )

30

35

40

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45

50

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QUESTION 3
Problem statement : How does the amount of catalyst affect the rate of reaction?
Hypothesis:
The decomposition rate of hydrogen peroxide will increase if the amount of
manganese(IV) oxide increases.
Variables:
Manipulated : amount of catalyst
Responding : Rate of reaction
Constant
: volume and concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution

Materials.
Hydrogen peroxide solution, manganese(IV) oxide, distilled water
Apparatus:
Conical flask, burette, basin, measuring cyclinder, stopwatch, retort
Procedures:
1. The burette and basin are filled with water.
2. The burette is inverted in the basin filled with water.
3. 50 cm 3 hydrogen peroxide solution is measured with the measuring cyclinder and
poured into the conical flask.
4. A piece of manganese(IV) oxide is dropped into the hydrogen peroxide solution in
the conical flask.
5. Immediately,the stopwatch is started.
6. The volume of oxygen gas released is recorded every 30 seconds until 5 minutes.
7. The experiment is repeated by adding 4 pieces of manganese(IV) oxide.
8. The volume and concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution used is the same.
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Tabulation of data:
Time/ s
Burette reading/ cm 3
Volume of gas / cm 3

30

60

90

120

150

180

210

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240

270

300